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TEST ONE

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READING PASSAGE 1 (Test 1), , You should spend about 20 minutes on questions 1-13, which are based on reading, passage | below., , Korean High Schools, , A. South Korean Education has been praised for various reasons, including its, comparatively high results and its major role in bringing Korea's economic, development. However, its rigid, hierarchical structure has been criticized for lowering, innovation. It has also been described as ‘intensely competitive’, with the system being, attributed for the high suicide rate in South Korea. The tiers of education are infant, school, primary school, middle school, high school, and post-secondary education., , B. High schools in South Korea teach students for three years, from first grade (age 1517) to third grade (age 17-19), and students commonly graduate at age 18 or 19. High, school students are commonly expected to study increasingly long hours each year, moving toward graduation, to become competitive and be able to enter attractive, universities, such as the top SKY (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities)., Many high school students wake and leave home in the morning at Sam and return, home after studying well after 10 pm, then return to specialty study schools often to, 2am, from Monday to Friday and also they often study on weekends., , C. It is commonly known in Korea that 'If you sleep three hours a day, you may get into a, top ‘SKY university;' If you sleep four hours each day, you may get into another, university; if you sleep five or more hours each day, especially in your last year of high, school, forget getting into any university.’ Accordingly, many high school students in, their final year do not have any time off, for holidays, birthdays, or vacations before the, CATs (National College Scholastic Aptitude Test held by Ministry of Education) university entrance exams. Surprisingly, some high school students are offered chances, to travel with family to enjoy fun and relaxing vacations, but these offers are often, refused on the first suggestion, and increasingly on later additional trips if any, due to, peer influences and a fear of ‘falling behind’ in classes. Many high school students, seem to prefer staying with friends and studying, rather than going on vacations. The, idea of ‘skipping classes' for fun is extremely rare in Korea. The rebellious students will, often stay in class and use smart phones connected to the internet to chat with friends, behind the teacher's back during classes (most often used programs include KaKao, Talk, KaKao Story, Cyworld, and Naver Cafes)., , D. High schools in Korea can be divided into specialty tracks that accord with a student's, interest and career path. For example, there are science (Science high school), foreign, language and art specialty high schools to which students can attend with prior, entrance examinations, which are generally highly competitive. Other type of high, schools include public high schools and private high schools, both with or without, entrance examinations. These high schools do not report to specialise in a field, but are, more focused on sending their students to college. For students who do not wish a, college education, vocational schools specialising in fields such as technology,, agriculture or finance are available, in which the students are employed right after, graduation. Around 20% of high school students are in vocational high schools.

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E., , F., , On noting the schedule of many high school students, it is not abnormal for them to, arrive home from school at midnight, or even 3am, after intensive "self-study" sessions, supported by the school or parents. The Korean government has tried to crack down on, the serious study habits in order to allow a more balanced system, and fined many, specialty study schools (‘hagwons') for teaching high school students as late (or as, early) as 2am or 3am after a full normal day of government operated school. Some, specialty study academies also offer classes before normal government schools open, each morning., , The normal government school curriculum is often noted as rigorous, with as many as, 16 or so subjects, many focused on Korean, English, maths, memorisation. Core, subjects include Korean, English and Math, with adequate emphasis on social and, physical science subjects. Students do not typically ask questions in the classroom, but, prefer to memorise details. It is critical to note that the type and level of subjects may, differ from school to school, depending on the degree of selectivity and specialisation, of the school. Specialty, optional, expensive, study schools help students memorise, questions and answers from previous years’ CAT tests and universities’ interview, questions., , High school is not mandatory, unlike middle school education in Korea. However,, according to a 2005 study of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and, Development (OECD) member countries, some 97% of South Korea's young adults do, finish high school. This was the highest percentage recorded in any country., , It is becoming ever more evident that active student use of the English language in, Korean high schools is increasingly necessary for the purposes of helping the students, enter top universities in Korea as well as abroad. English is taught as a required subject, from the third year of elementary school up to high school, as well as in most, universities, with the goal of performing well on the TEPS, TOEIC and TOEFL, which, are tests of reading, listening and grammar-based English. For students who achieve, high scores, there is also a speaking evaluation. There are more than 100,000 Korean, students in the U.S. The increase of 10 percent every year helped Korea remain the top, student-sending country in the U.S. for a second year, ahead of India and China., Korean students at Harvard University are the third most after Canadian and Chinese

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Questions 1 -7, , Reading passage | has eight paragraphs, A-H., Choose the correct headings for paragraphs A-H from the list of headings below., , Write the correct number, i-xi, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet., , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , List of Headings, i A push to put a stop to such intense study, ii The pressure to study for prolonged periods, iii An impressive school completion rate, iv Preparing for TOEFL, vy A rebellion against the system, vi The growing importance of studying English, vii Study schools prove costly for parents, viii Missing classes is unusual, ix It’s not all good in the Korean education system, x _ Subject matter and teaching styles, xi = The choices of high school, 1 Paragraph A, Example Answer, Paragraph B ii, 2 Paragraph C, 3 Paragraph D, 4 Paragraph E, 5 Paragraph F, 6 Paragraph G, 7 Paragraph H, Questions 8-13, , Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?, In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write, , TRUE If the statement agrees with the information, FALSE If the statement contradicts the information, NOT GIVEN If there is no information on this, , 8 The more hours students sleep, the less chance they have of getting into a good, university.

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9 Students are rarely given the opportunity to have vacations because their parents, want them to study., , 10 Pupils from vocational schools are more competitive in the jobs market., , 11 Government fines have meant that most Hagwons are now limiting the amount of, student study time, which has decreased the stress on students., , 12 The curriculum is not the same in every school., , 13 All Korean universities now have English as a compulsory subject in their, curriculum.