Page 1 :
1, Coding-Decoding, Coding is a system of signals. This is a method of transmitting information in, the form of codes or signals without it being known by a third person., The person who transmits the code or signal, is called the sender and the, person who receives it, is called the receiver. Transmitted codes or signals are, decoded on the other side by the receiver—this is known as decoding., In questions on coding-decoding, a word (basic word) is coded in a, particular way and the candidates are asked to code other word in the same, way. The coding and decoding tests are set up to judge the candidate’s ability, to decipher the rule that has been followed to code a particular word/message, and break the code to decipher the message., , Order of the English Alphabet, 1, , 2, , 3, , 4, , 5, , 6, , 7, , Alphabets, , A, , B, , C, , D, , E, , F, , G H, , R, , S, , T, , U, , V W X, , Y, , Z, , Backward, order, position, , 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9, , 8, , 7, , 6, , 5, , 2, , 1, , Forward, order, position, , 8, , 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26, , I, , J, , K, , L M N O, , P, , Q, , 4, , 3, , Here, are some methods/techniques are given below to remember the, positions of English alphabets in forward or backward order.

Page 2 :
4 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , 1. By using EJOTY and CFILORUX formulae, we can easily remember the position of, letters of English alphabets., 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24, , 5 10 15 20 25, , C F I L O R U X, , E J O T Y, , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, , ↓, , ↓, , ↓, , ↓ ↓, , ↓, , (sounds like a medicine name), l, , ↓, , ↓, , ↓, , (sounds like a girl’s name Joti), , Backward order position of a letter = 27 − Forward order position of letter, e.g., Backward order position of B = 27 − Forward order position of B = 27 − 2 = 25, , Illustration 1. If CUP = 40, then KITE = ?, (a) 10, , (b) 20, , (c) 30, , Illustration 2. What is the number place of G, from right side?, , (d) 45, , 3 21 16, Solution (d) As, C U P ⇒ 3 + 21 + 16 = 40, 11 9 20 5, Similarly, K I T E ⇒ 11 + 9 + 20 + 5 = 45, , (a) 10, (c) 25, , (b) 20, (d) 30, , Solution (b) 27 − G = 27 − 7, , (from left), , = 20, , (using forward letter positions), , 2. By using V Q L G B and X U R O L I F C, we can easily remember the position of, letters of alphabet in reverse order., V Q L, ↓, , ↓, , ↓, , and, , G B, ↓, , ↓, , 5 10 15 20 25, Illustration 3., (a) 69, , If BAG = 71, then VICE = ?, , (b) 70, , (c) 75, , X U R O L, ↓, , ↓, , ↓, , ↓, , ↓, , I, , ↓, , F C, ↓, , ↓, , 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24, V I C E, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, 5 18 24 22, = 5 + 18 + 24 + 22 = 69, (using backward letter positions), , Similarly,, , (d) 90, , 25 26 20, , Solution (a) As, B A G ⇒ 25 + 26 + 20 = 71, , 3. If the sum of two letters is 27, then both letters are at opposite position of each other., Some pairs of opposite letters can be remembered as given below, D W (DEW), C X (SIX), B Y (BY), 3 + 24 = 27, 4 + 23 = 27, 2 + 25 = 27, I R (IndianRailway), M N (MAN), G T (GT Road), 9 + 18 = 27, 13 + 14 = 27, 7 + 20 = 27, Illustration 4. In a certain code, LAKE is, written as OZPV. How will BACK be in that, same code?, (a) ZYXP, (c) YZXP, , (b) ZYPX, (d) YZPX, , Solution (c) As,, 12, L, , 1, A, , 11, K, , 5, E, , 15, O, 12 + 15 = 27, 1 + 26 = 27, 11 + 16 = 27, 5 + 22 = 27, , 26, Z, , 16, P, , 22, V, , Similarly,, 2, B, , 1, A, , 3, C, , 11, K, , 25, Y, , 2 + 25 = 27, 1 + 26 = 27, 3 + 24 = 27, 11 + 16 = 27, , 26, Z, , 24, X, , 16, P

Page 3 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 5, l, , Types of Questions, Following are the categories/types of questions which are generally asked in various, competitive examinations., , Type 1 Letter Coding, In this type, we deal with questions, in which the letters of a word are replaced by certain, other letters according to a specific pattern/rule to form a code. You are required to detect the, coding pattern/rule and answer the question(s) that follow, based on that coding pattern/rule., Illustration 5. In a certain code language,, ‘PICTURE’ is written as ‘QHDSVQF’. How, would ‘BROWSER’ be written in that same, code language?, (a) CQVVTDS, (c) CQPUTDS, (e) None of these, , I T N I E T A M, , (b) CQPVTDS, (d) CQVPPDS, , I N T I M A T E, , Similarly,, , Solution (b) Clearly, the letters in the word PICTURE are, , +1, , P → Q, I, , −1, , → H, +1, , C → D, T, , −1, , → S, +1, , Similarly,, , +1, , B → C, −1, , R → Q, +1, , O → P, −1, , W → V, +1, , U → V, , S → T, , −1, , −1, , R → Q, +1, , E → F, , E → D, +1, , R → S, , Illustration 6. In a certain code language,, ‘ITNIETAM’ is code for ‘INTIMATE’, then which, of the following words has the code for, ‘TREVNIETARBI’?, (a) INVRETIBRATE, (c) INVERTIBRETA, (e) INVERITBARTE, , (b) INVERTIBARTE, (d) INVERTIBRATE, , Solution (d) The letters of the first half and the next half, of the code are separately reversed to obtain the, word. Thus, we have, , I, N, V, E, R, T, I, B, R, A, T, E, , T, R, E, V, N, I, E, T, A, R, B, I, , moved alternately, one step forward and one step, backward to obtain the letters of the code. Thus, we, have, , Illustration 7. In a certain code language,, ‘GIVE’ is written as ‘VIEG’ and ‘OVER’ is written, as ‘EVRO’. How will ‘DISK’ be written in that, same code?, (a) SIDK, (c) KDSI, (e) None of these, , (b) KISD, (d) SIKD, , Solution (d) Here,, G, I, V, E, , V, I, E, G, , Similarly,, , D, I, S, K, , and, , Q, V, E, R, S, I, K, D, , E, V, R, O

Page 4 :
6 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , Illustration 8. In a certain code language,, ‘BAT’ is written as ‘ YZG’ . How will ‘SICK’ be, written in that same code language?, (a) HRYV, (d) RHPX, , Important Points, l, , (b) HRZP (c) HRXP, (e) None of these, , Solution (c) As,, A, , B, , T, , Y, , Z, , G, l, , 2 + 25 = 27, 1 + 26 = 27, 20 + 7 = 27, , Similarly,, S, , I, , C, , K, , H, , R, , X, , If more than one codes are given, then the required, code can be derived from the question itself and you are, not required to solve it mathematically. e.g.,. In a certain, code LOCATE is written as 981265 and SPARK as 47230,, the code for CASKET can be derived by common letters, in LOCATE and SPARK., For a word in which a letter repeats at those same, pattern repeats for 2nd letter in the word itself. e.g.,, TASTE has code SZRSD, in this case, code for T is S in, both cases. So, the coding pattern is -1 for T, then it will, be same for all the letters., , P, , 19 + 8 = 27, 9 + 18 = 27, 3 + 24 = 27, 11 + 16 = 27, , Note Each letter is coded by the letter of, position., , its opposite, , Type 2 Direct Letter Coding, In direct letter coding system, the code letters occur in the same sequence as the, corresponding letters occur in the words. This is basically a direct substitution method., Illustration 9. In a certain code language,, ‘STARK’ is written as ‘LBFMG’ and ‘MOBILE’ is, written as ‘TNRSPJ’. How will ‘BLAME’ be, written in that same code language?, (a) TSFRJ, (d) TSFGJ, , (b) RPFTJ, (c) NJFTP, (e) None of these, , Solution (b) Using direct letter coding method,, S → L, , and, , M → T, , T → B, , O → N, , A → F, , B → R, , R → M, , I → S, , K → G, , L → P, E → J, , Similarly, from the direct codes, , Illustration 10. In a certain coding system,, ‘SHEEP’ is written as ‘GAXXR’ and ‘BLEAT’ as, ‘HPXTN’. How can ‘SLATE’ be written in that, same coding system?, (a) GPTNX, (d) PTGXN, , (b) GPTXN (c) GPXNT, (e) None of these, , Solution (a) In both the words ‘SHEEP’ and ‘BLEAT’, the, letter E is common and code for E is substituted X., Hence, using direct letter coding method, we have, S, H, E, E, , → G, → A, , and, , L, , → X, → X, , E, A, , → R, , S → G, , L, , → P, , L →, , P, , → F, , A → T, , M → T, , T → N, , → J, , E → X, , E, , → H, → P, → X, → T, , P → R, T → N, Similarly, using the direct codes, , B, , A, , B

Page 5 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 7, l, , Type 3 Number/Symbol Coding, In this type of questions, either numerical code values are assigned to a word or, alphabetical code letters are assigned to the numbers., Illustration 11. If ‘WORK’ is coded as, ‘4-12-9-16’, then how will you code, ‘WOMAN’?, (a) 4-12-14-26-13, (c) 23-12-26-14-13, (e) None of these, , Solution (a) We have,, W → 4, , Hence,, , (b) 4-26-14-13-12, (d) 23-15-13-1-14, , W → 4, , O → 12, , O → 12, , R → 9, , M → 14, , K → 16, , A →, , 26, , N → 13, Here, each letter is coded by the numerical, obtained by subtracting its ‘position value’ in, English alphabetical order, from 27, e.g., W, O, M, A,, N are at 23rd, 15th, 13th, 1st and 14th position in, alphabetical order. So, their codes are (27–23),, (27–15), (27–13), (27–1), (27–14), i.e., 4, 12, 14, 26,, 13, respectively i.e., their backward order position., , Illustration 12. If ‘RAJU’ is coded as, 11-12-13-14 and ‘JUNK’ is coded as, 13-14-10-9, then how will you code ‘RANK’?, (a) 9-10-11-12, (c) 11-12-10-9, (e) None of these, , (b) 10-11-12-9, (d) 12-11-10-9, , Solution (c) We have,, R, A, J, U, , → 11 and J → 13, U → 14, → 12, N → 10, → 13, K → 9, → 14, , R → 11, A → 12, N → 10, K → 9, Here, each letter is assigned a specific value., , Similarly,, , Directions (Illustrations 13-15) Study the following, letters and their corresponding digits codes, following by certain conditions of coding and then, , answer the questions given below them by finding, out which of the digit combinations given in (a),, (b), (c) and (d) is the coded form of the, letter-groups given in each question and mark, your answer accordingly., P, , N, , A, , J, , I, , R, , E, , B, , U, , K, , 5, , 3, , 9, , 1, , 4, , 6, , 2, , 7, , 0, , 8, , Conditions, (i) If both the first and the last letters in the group, are vowels, both should be coded as $., (ii) If both the first and the last letters in the group, are consonants, both should be coded as #., , Illustration 13. KUNAJB, (a) 803917, (c) #0391#, (e) None of these, , (b) $0391$, (d) #0391$, , Illustration 14. RBUKAE, (a) #70892, (c) 670982, (e) None of these, , (b) 670892, (d) 607892, , Illustration 15. EBNAPI, (a) 273954, (c) #7395#, (e) None of these, , (b) $7395$, (d) $7395#, , Solutions (Illustrations 13-15) We know that, in English, alphabets A, E, I, O, U letters are vowels and, remaining letters are consonants., , 13. (c) From condition (ii),, K U N A, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, # 0 3 9, , J, ↓, 1, , B, ↓, #, , 14. (b) R, , B U K A E, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, 6 7 0 8 9 2, , Note This question does not follow any condition., , 15. (b) From condition (i),, E, , B, , N A, , P, , I, , ↓, $, , ↓, 7, , ↓, 3, , ↓, 5, , ↓, $, , ↓, 9

Page 6 :
8 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , Type 4 Deciphering Message Word Coding/Numeral Coding, In this type of questions to analyse such codes, any two messages bearing a common, word/numeral are picked up. The common code word/numeral will represent that word/code., Proceeding similarly by picking up all possible combinations of two, the entire message can be, decoded and the codes for every individual word/numeral can be found., Illustration 16. In a certain code language, ‘it, pit sit’ means ‘I am boy’, ‘it nit sit’ means ‘I am, girl’, which of the following means ‘girl’?, (a) it, (d) nit, , (b) pit, (c) sit, (e) None of these, , (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), , 8, 6, 7, Cannot be determined, None of the above, , Solution (c) Given,, , Solution (d) We have,, it pit sit → I am boy, it nit sit → I am girl, Here, ‘it’ and ‘sit’ is common in both the messages, and ‘I’ and ‘am’ is common in both codes. Hence,, code for girl will be ‘nit’., , Illustration 17. In a certain code language,, ‘786’ means ‘study very hard’, ‘958’ means, ‘hard work pays’ and ‘645’ means ‘study and, work’. Which of the following is the code for, ‘very’?, , 7, , 8, , 6, , study, , very, , hard, , ...(i), , work, , pays, , ...(ii), , and, , work, , ...(iii), , 9, , 5, , 8, , hard, , 6, , 4, , 5, , study, , In the first and second statements, the common, code digit is ‘8’ and the common word is ‘hard’. So,, ‘8’ means ‘hard’. In the first and third statements,, the common code digit is ‘6’ and the common word, is ‘study’. So, ‘6’ means ‘study’., From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 8 → hard, From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 6 → study, Hence,, very → 7, , Type 5 Substitution Coding, In this type, some particular words are assigned with certain substituted names. Now,, questions are formed based on that principles., Illustration 18. If ‘white’ is called ‘blue’, ‘blue’, is called ‘red’, ‘red’ is called ‘yellow’, ‘yellow’ is, called ‘green’, ‘green’ is called ‘black’, ‘black’, is called ‘violet’ and ‘violet’ is called ‘orange’,, then what would be the colour of human, blood?, (a) Red, (c) Yellow, (e) Orange, , (b) Green, (d) Violet, , Solution (c) We know that, the colour of the human blood, is ‘red’ and given that ‘red’ is called ‘yellow’. So, the, colour of human blood will be ‘yellow’., , Illustration 19. If ‘Parrot’ is known as ‘Peacock’,, ‘Peacock’ is known as ‘Swallow’, ‘Swallow’ is, known as ‘Pigeon’ and ‘Pigeon’ is known as, ‘Sparrow’, then what would be the name of, Indian National Bird?, (a) Parrot, (c) Peacock, (e) Sparrow, , (b) Swallow, (d) Pigeon, , Solution (b) We know that, Peacock is the Indian, National Bird but here Peacock is known as, Swallow. So, the answer is Swallow.

Page 7 :
Let us Practice, A. Base Level Exercise, 1. In a certain code, SOBER is written as, RNADQ. How LOTUS can be written in, that code?, [SSC (Multitasking) 2013], (a) KNSTR, (c) KMSTR, , (b) MPUWT, (d) LMRST, , 2. If ‘MEAT’ is written as ‘TEAM’, then, ‘BALE’ is written as, [SSC (CGL) 2013], (a) ELAB, (c) EBLA, , (b) EABL, (d) EALB, , 3. If ‘WATER’ is written as ‘YCVGT’, then, what is written as ‘HKTG’? [SSC (CGL) 2013], (a) IRFE, (c) REFI, , (b) FIRE, (d) ERIF, , 4. If the word ‘TABLECLOTH’ is coded as, ‘XEMRANRIXT’, how can ‘HOTEL’ be, [RRB (ASM) 2011], coded?, (a) RIXAT, (c) TAXIR, , (b) TIXAR, (d) RAXIT, , 5. If ‘ CARING‘ is coded as ‘EDVGKC‘ ,, and SHARES is coded as ‘UKEPBO’,, how will CASKET be coded as in the, same code?, [SSC (CPO) 2013], (a) EDXIBP, (c) EDWPAI, , (b) EDWIAP, (d) EDWIBP, , 6. If DEMOCRATIC is written as, EDMORCATCI, how CONTINUOUS, will be written in the same code?, [CG PSC 2013], , (a) OCTNNIOUSU, (b) OTCNINUOUS, (c) OCNTNIUOSU, (d) OTNCINUOSU, (e) CONNITUOSU, , (a) RDKCHL, (c) RFKFNO, (e) None of these, , (b) RFKENM, (d) TFKENP, , 9. In, a, certain, code, language, ‘LIEUTENANT‘, is, written, as, 1232212021411420, then how ‘MANGO‘, can be written in that code language?, (a) 13114715, (c) 14141375, , (b) 1311474, (d) 13114157, , 10. If ‘DELHI’ is coded as ‘73541’ and, ‘CALCUTTA’ as ‘82589662’, how will, ‘CALICUT’ be coded?, [MAT 2012], (a) 5279431, (c) 8251896, , (b) 5978213, (d) 8543691, , 11. If in a certain code, ‘DAUGHTER’ is, written as ‘TERDAUGH’, how will, ‘APTITUDE’ be written in that code?, [SSC (Steno) 2012], , (a) DEUAPTIT, (c) DUEAPTIT, , (b) UDEAPTIT, (d) DAUEPTIT, , 12. In a certain code, ‘TERMINAL’ is written, as ‘NSFUMBOJ’ and ‘TOWERS’ is, written as ‘XPUTSF’. How is ‘MATE’, written in that same code? [IBPS (Clerk) 2012], (a) FUBN, (c) BNFU, (e) None of these, , (b) UFNB, (d) BNDS, , 13. 165135 is to ‘peace’ as 1215225 is to, [IB (ACIO) 2013], , 7. In a certain code, P is #, A is %, C is φ and, E is @. How is PEACE written in that, [IBPS (Clerk) 2012], code?, (a) #@%@#, (c) %#@φ%, (e) None of these, , 8. In a certain code, ‘BELIEF’ is written as, ‘AFKKDH’. How would ‘SELDOM’ be, written in that code?, , (b) #@#φ @, (d) #@%φ @, , (a) lead, (c) loop, , (b) love, (d) aura, , 14. If PARK is coded as 5394, SHIRT is, coded as 17698 adn PANDIT is coded as, 532068, how would you code NISHAR in, that code language?, (a) 266734, (c) 201739, , (b) 231954, (d) 261739

Page 8 :
10 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , 15. If, ‘SYNDICATE’, is, written, as, ‘SYTENDCAI’,, then, how, can, ‘PSYCHOTIC’ be written?, (a) PSYICTCOH, (c) PSICYOCTH, , (b) PSYCOHTCI, (d) PSICYCOTH, , 16. In a certain code, ‘REFRIGERATOR’ is, coded as ‘ROTAREGIRFER’. Which, words from the following would be coded, as ‘NOITINUMMA’?, (a) ANMOMIUTMI, (c) AMMUNITION, (e) None of these, , (b) AMNTOMUIIN, (d) NMMUNITIOA, , 17. In a certain code, ‘CERTAIN’ is coded as, ‘XVIGZRM’ ‘SEQUENCE’ is coded as, ‘HVJFVMXV’. How would ‘REQUIRED’, [SSC (CGL) 2012], be coded?, (a) FJIVWVIR, (c) WVJRIFVI, , (b) VJIFWTRV, (d) IVJFRIVW, , 18. In a certain code, ‘BUILDER’ is written, as JVCKSFE. How is ‘SEALING’ written, in that same code?, [RRB (TC/CC) 2009], (a) BFTKHOJ, (c) TFBKHOJ, , (b) JOHKBT, (d) BFTKJOH, , 19. In a coded language, BRINJAL is written, as LAJNIRB. How will LADYFINGER be, written in that code? [SSC (Multitasking) 2014], (a) RNEGIFYDAL, (c) REGNIFYDAL, , (b) RINEGIFYDAL, (d) RGENIFYDAL, , 20. In a certain code language, ‘CURATIVE’, is written as ‘BSVDDUHS’. How, ‘STEAMING’ is to be written in the same, code language?, (a) BFUTFMHL, (c) BFUTLHMF, (e) None of these, , (b) TUFBFMHL, (d) BFUTHOJN, , 21. If ‘NEUROTIC’, can be written as, ‘TICRONEU’,, then, how, can, ‘PSYCHOTIC’ be written?, (a) TICOCHPSY, (c) TICCOHPSY, , (b) TICCHOPSY, (d) TICHCOPSY, , 22. In, a, certain, code, language,, ‘COMPUTRONE’, is, written, as, ‘PMOCTUENOR’., How, is, ‘ADVANTAGES’ written in that same, [CMAT 2003], code?, (a) IDUJLAIC, (c) UJIDICLA, (e) None of these, , (b) UJIDLAIC, (d) IDUJICLA, , 23. If ‘GLOSSORY’ is coded as ‘97533562’, and ‘GEOGRAPHY’ = ‘915968402’, then, ‘GEOLOGY’ can be coded as, (a) 915692, (c) 9057592, , (b) 9157592, (d) 9157591, , 24. If ‘REASON’ is coded as 5 and, ‘BELIEVED’ as 7, what is the code, number for ‘GOVERNMENT’?, [SSC (Multitasking) 2012], , (a) 10, , (b) 6, , (c) 9, , (d) 8, , 25. In a certain code, ‘MOUSE’ is written as, ‘PRUQC’. How is ‘SHIFT’ written in that, same code?, [Vijaya Bank (Clerk) 2010], (a) VKIRD, (d) VIKRD, , (b) VKIDR, (c) VJIDR, (e) None of these, , 26. In a certain code ‘CALANDER’ is written, as ‘CLANAEDR’. How is ‘CIRCULAR’, written in that code?, (a) ICCRLURA, (c) CRIUCLRA, , (b) CRIUCALR, (d) CRIARLCU, , 27. In a certain code, ‘CLOCK’ is written as, ‘XOLXP’. How will ‘LOTUS’ be written, in that same code?, (a) OGLFH, (c) LOGFH, (e) None of these, , (b) OLGFH, (d) OLGHF, , 28. In a certain code, ‘LATE’ is written as, ‘VGZO’. How will ‘SHINE’ be written in, that same code?, (a) VRMSH, (c) VMRSH, (e) None of these, , (b) VMSHR, (d) MVRSH

Page 9 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 11, l, , 29. If LOFTY is coded as LPFUY, then, DWARF will be written as, [RBI (Grade ‘B’) 2011], , (a) DXASF, (d) DWBSG, , (b) DXBSG, (c) DXATF, (e) None of these, , 30. In a coding system, ‘JUNE’ is written as, ‘PQRS’ and ‘AUGUST’ is written as, ‘WQFQMN’. How can ‘GUEST’ be, written in the same coding language?, (a) FQTMN, (c) FQSMN, (e) None of these, , (b) FPSMN, (d) FQSNM, , 31. If in a code language, ‘PARENT’ is, written as ‘BDFGJK’ and ‘CHILDREN’ is, written as ‘MOXQUFGJ’, then how is, ‘REPRINT’ written in that same code?, (a) FGBFXJK, (c) FGBFXGD, , (b) FGBUXJK, (d) BGFXJK, , 32. Some letters are given below in the first, line and numbers are given below them, in the second line. Numbers are the, codes for the alphabets and vice-versa., Choose the correct number-code for the, given set of alphabets., C W E A Z X J Y K L, 3 9 5 7 4 8 1 0 2 6, J W X C L Z, (a) 198364, (c) 198354, , (b) 198264, (d) 197354, , 33. Some letters are given below in the first, line and numbers are given below them, in the second line. Numbers are the, codes for the alphabets and vice-versa., Choose the correct letter-code for the, given set of numbers., E M K B Z W Q U D J, 5 9 1 6 4 8 2 0 7 3, 4 2 9 7 5 3, (a) ZQMJDE, (c) ZQMDEJ, , (b) ZQMEDJ, (d) ZQEDMJ, , 34. Some capital letters are given below in, the first line and numbers are assigned to, each of them in the second line. The, numbers are the codes for the letters and, vice-versa., M O E A S J T Z, 3 5 7 6 2 9 4 0, Choose the correct number code for the, given set of letters, EAST, (a) 7620, (c) 7624, , (b) 7623, (d) 7625, , 35. If DISC is coded as 8749 and ACHE is, coded as 3950, then HEAD is coded as, (a) 5038, (c) 3508, , (b) 5308, (d) 3805, , 36. In a code language, ‘PRINCE’ is written, as ‘FLOWER’ and ‘PRINCESS’ is written, as ‘FLOWERSS’. Which of the following, word would be coded as ‘SLOWER’?, (a) SRINCE, (c) SRNICE, , (b) SIRNCE, (d) None of these, , 37. In a code language, ‘ORGANISATION’, is written as ‘CBDWLQJWYQCL’ and, ‘OPERATION’, is, written, as, ‘CXFBWYQCL’., How, would, ‘SEPARATION’ be coded?, (a) EJXEBYQCL, (c) JFXWBWYQCL, , (b) JFQYWBCXQL, (d) QCLYWBFXJE, , Directions (Q. Nos. 38-41) In a defence message,, GETAWAY, FIRE, BACK-WARDS, MOVE, SLOW is, coded as BENCDCI, QHOE, PCTL-DCOXU, ZMWE,, VFMD. Based on this coding scheme, spot the codes, of the following words, , 38. OVER, (a) MWED, (c) MWOE, , (b) MWEO, (d) MWZO, , 39. DEADLY, (a) XECXEI, (c) XECXFI, , (b) XEEXCI, (d) XENXFI

Page 10 :
12 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , 40. REWARD, (a) OEDCOU, (c) OEDNXE, , (b) OEDCOX, (d) OTDCOX, , 41. GREAT, (a) BOECN, (c) BOEHC, , (b) BOENC, (d) BOEQN, , 42. In a certain code, ‘ZOOM’ is written as, ‘POON’ and ‘ROAD’ is written ‘QOBE’., How would ‘NOMP’ be coded in that, code language?, (a) PONX, (c) XONY, , (b) QOHB, (d) MONZ, , 43. If ‘MUSICAL’ is written as ‘KWQKACJ’,, then how can ‘SPRINKLE’ be written?, [SSC (CGL) 2013], , (a) QRBKCNJG, (c) QRPKLMJG, , (b) QNPGLIJC, (d) URTKPMNG, , 44. In a certain code, ‘STOVE’ is written as, ‘FNBLK’, then how will ‘VOTES’ be, written in the same code? [SSC (CPO) 2003], (a) FLKBN, (c) LKNBF, , (b) LBNKF, (d) LNBKF, , 45. If ‘MACHINE’ is coded as 19-7-914-15-20-11, then how will you code, ‘DANGER’ in the same code?, (a) 11-7-20-16-11-24, (c) 10-7-20-13-11-24, , (b) 13-7-20-9-11-25, (d) 13-7-10-11-25, , Directions (Q. Nos. 46-50) Study the following, information carefully and answer the given, [IDBI Bank (PO) 2010], questions., In a certain code ‘318’ means ‘run very fast’,, ‘289’ means ‘to run away’, ‘97’ means ‘to see’, and ‘43’ means ‘very good’., , 46. What is the code for ‘see’?, (a) 3, (d) 9, , (b) 7, (c) 4, (e) None of these, , 47. Which of the following represents, ‘see, good run away’?, (a) 8472, (d) 3289, , (b) 7914, (c) 7319, (e) None of these, , 48. What is the code for ‘run’?, (a) 3, (d) 9, , (b) 8, (c) 1, (e) None of these, , 49. Which of the following may represent, ‘good to see away’?, (a) 7485, (c) 5439, (e) None of these, , (b) 3149, (d) 2479, , 50. What does ‘4’ represent in this code?, (a) very, (c) run, (e) None of these, , (b) fast, (d) good, , 51. If ‘LINGER’ is ‘123456’ and ‘FORCE’ is, ‘56789’, then ‘FIERCE’ will be, (a) 345667, (b) 456678, (c) 345677, (d) 556789, (e) Cannot be determined, , 52. In a certain code ‘PRISM’ is written as, ‘OSHTL’ and ‘RUBLE’ is written as, ‘QVAMD’. How will ‘WHORL’ be, written in that code?, [Allahabad Bank (PO) 2011], , (a) XIPSM, (c) UINSK, , (b) VINSK, (d) XGPQM, , 53. If A = 1 , ACE = 9, then ART = ?, [SSC (10+2) 2013], , (a) 10, (c) 29, , (b) 39, (d) 38, , 54. In a certain code, FLOWERS is written, as EKNVDQR. How is SUPREME, written in that code?, [RRB (ASM) 2011], (a) TQDROLD, (c) TQDDROL, , (b) RTODQLD, (d) RTOQDLD, , 55. If A = 1, ACT = 24, then FAT= ?, [SSC (10+2) 2013], , (a) 26, , (b) 25, , (c) 27, , (d) 24, , 56. If B = 2, BAG = 10, then BOX = ?, [SSC (10+2) 2013], , (a) 36, , (b) 39, , (c) 41, , (d) 52, , 57. If each of the letters in the English, alphabet is assigned and even numerical, value by giving A=2, B = 4 and so on,, what would be the total value of the, letters, for the word ‘Lady’ when, similarly coded?, [SSC (CGL) 2013], (a) 74, (c) 84, , (b) 72, (d) 82

Page 11 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 13, l, , 58. If in a certain code language ‘DASHE’ is, ‘21845’, then how would ‘SHADE’ be, written in that same code language?, (a) 84125, (c) 84152, , (b) 84215, (d) 84124, , (a) 20-16-17-15-27, (c) 20-17-15-16-28, , 59. If ‘ACNE’ is coded as 1, 3, 14, 5, then, ‘BOIL’ will be coded as, (a) 5, 31, 21, 25, (c) 5, 29 19, 25, , (b) 2, 15, 9, 12, (d) 5, 29,19, 27, , 60. In a certain code language, ’DOME’ is, written as ‘8943’ and ‘MEAL’ is written, as ‘4321’. What group of letters can be, formed for the code ‘38249’?, [SBI (Clerk) 2012], , (a) EOADM, (c) EMDAO, (e) None of these, , 62. If the word ‘LEADER’ is coded as, 20-13-9-12-13-26, how would you write, ‘LIGHT’?, , (b) MEDOA, (d) EDAMO, , (b) 20-15-16-18-23, (d) 20-16-15-17-22, , 63. In a certain code language, ‘SAFER’ is, written as ‘5@3#2’ and ‘RIDE’ is written, as ‘2 %#’, how would ‘FEDS’ be written, in that code?, [RBI (Grade ’B‘) 2009], (a) 3#5, (c) 3#%5, (e) None of these, , (b) 3@%5, (d) 3#%2, , 64. If in a certain code language, ‘EAT’ is, written as ‘318’ and ‘CHAIR’ is written as, ‘24156’, then how ‘TEACHER’ be written, in that code language?, [Delhi Police (Constable) 2009], , 61. If ‘FLARE’ is coded as 21, 15, 26, 9, 22,, then how would ‘BREIF’ be coded in the, same language?, (a) 25, 9, 22, 21, 18, (c) 13, 19, 11, 37, 5, , (a) 8313426, (c) 8321436, , 65. If CAT = 12, then MAN =?, (a) 14, (b) 24, (e) None of these, , (b) 5, 37, 11, 19, 13, (d) 25, 9, 22, 18, 21, , (b) 8312436, (d) 8312346, , (c) 16, , (d) 15, , B. Expert Level Exercise, Directions (Q. Nos. 1-5) Study the following, information carefully and answer the questions, given below it., [IBPS (Clerk) 2012], Digits in the numbers are to be coded as follows, 9, , 2, , 1, , 7, , 5, , 3, , 6, , 4, , 8, , B, , V, , M, , L, , D, , P, , A, , F, , R, , Conditions, , (a) PULRDM, (c) AVLFDM, (e) None of these, , (b) AVLDRM, (d) AVLRDM, , 3. 812354, (a) RLVPDF, (c) RMVPDR, , (b) FMVPDF, (d) None of these, , 4. 397416, , (i) If the first as well as the last digits are even,, both are to the coded by the code for the first, digit., (ii) If the first as well as the last digits are odd,, both are to be coded by the code for the last, digit., , 1. 562183, (a) PAVMRP, (c) PAVMRD, (e) None of these, , 2. 627851, , (b) DAVMRD, (d) DAVMRP, , (a) PBLFMP, (c) PVLFMA, (e) None of these, , (b) ABLFMA, (d) PBLFMA, , 5. 734192, (a) DPFMBV, (c) LPFMVB, (e) None of these, , (b) LPAMBV, (d) LPFMBV

Page 12 :
14 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , Directions (Q. Nos. 6-10) In each of the questions, , Directions (Q. Nos. 11-15) Study the following, , given below, given a group of digits followed by four, combinations of letters/symbols numbered (a),, (b), (c) and (d). You have to find out which of the, combinations correctly represents the group of the, digits based on the coding system and the conditions, given below. Mark the number of that combination as, your answer. If none of the combinations correctly, represent the group of digits, mark (e), i.e., ‘None of, these’ as your answer., , information carefully to answer the given, [IBPS (Clerk) 2013], questions., , 5, , 1, , 3, , 4, , 9, , 6, , 8, , 2, , 7, , P, , A, , K, , %, , R, , @, , D, , , , M, , Conditions, , (i) If the first digit is odd and the last digit is, even, the codes for the first and last digits are, to be reversed., (ii) If the first and the last digits are even, both are, to be coded as ★., (iii) If the first and the last digits are odd, both are, to be coded as $., , 6. 215349, (a) RAPK%, (c) $APK%$, (e) None of these, , (b) ★APK%★, (d) APK%R, , 7. 671254, (a) @MA P%, (c) ★MA P★, (e) None of these, , (b) $MAP$, (d) %MA P, , (b) DAK%@R, (d) ★AK%@★, , 9. 794821, (a) MR%DA, (c) M%RDA, (e) None of these, , (b) AR%DM, (d) $R%D $, , 10. 591426, (a) @RA%P, (c) @AR%P, (e) None of these, , ‘very large risk associated’ is written as ‘nu ta ro gi’,, ‘risk is very low’ is written as ‘gi se nu mi’,, ‘is that also associated’ is written as ‘ta mi po fu’,, ‘inherent risk also damaging’ is written as ‘fu nu di, yu’., (All the codes are two letter codes only), , 11. Which of the following represents ‘risk, also large’?, (a) nu fu po, (c) ro po ta, (e) ro yu fu, , (b) nu gi ro, (d) fu nu ro, , 12. What is the code for ‘very’?, (a) ta, (d) nu, , (b) fu, (e) gi, , (c) ro, , 13. What is the code for ‘associated’?, (a) mi, (d) gi, , (b) ta, (e) nu, , (c) ro, , 14. What does the code ‘di’ stand for?, (a) Either ‘damaging’ or ‘inherent’, (b) inherent, (c) also, (d) low, (e) risk, , 15. Which of the following represents ‘that is, low’?, , 8. 813469, (a) RAK%@D, (c) DAP%@R, (e) None of these, , In a certain code, , (b) PRA%@, (d) $RA%★, , (a) po mi di, (c) ta mi po, (e) ta mi se, , (b) se po mi, (d) se po nu, , 16. In a certain language, ‘sun shines, brightly’ is written as ‘ba lo sul’, ‘houses, are brightly lit’ as ‘kado ula ari ba’ and, ‘light comes from sun’ as ‘dopi kup lo, mo’. What are the codewords for ‘sun’, and ‘brightly’?, (a) ba, sul, (c) lo, ba, , (b) sul, lo, (d) ba, lo

Page 13 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 15, l, , 17. In a certain code language, ‘po ki top ma’, means ‘Usha is playing cards’, ‘kop j ki, ma’ means ‘Asha is playing tennis’, ‘ki, top sop ho’ means ‘they are playing, foot-ball’ and ‘po sur kop’ means’ cards, and tennis. Which word in that, [GRPSC 2013], languages menas ‘Asha’?, (a) ja, (c) kop, , (b) ma, (d) top, , 18. In a certain language, ‘me lo po’ means, ‘anu weds vinay’ and ‘pe to lo’ means, ‘vinay comes here’, which word in that, language means ‘come’?, (a) pe, (d) po, , (b) to, (e) pe or to, , (c) me, , group of digits/symbols is given, followed by four, combinations of letters numbered (a), (b), (c) and, (d). You have to find out which of the, combinations (a), (b), (c) and (d) correctly, represents the group of digits/symbols based on, the following coding system and the conditions, those follow and mark the number of that, combination as your answer. If none of the four, combinations correctly represents the group of, digits/symbols, mark (e) i. e., ‘None of these’ as, the answer., [Vijaya Bank (Clerk) 2012], #, , B E P A K D F H Q I R J U M V T, , Conditions, (i) If the first unit in the group is an even digit, and the last unit is a symbol, both these are to, be coded as the code for the symbol., (ii) If the first unit in the group is an odd digit and, the last unit is an even digit their codes are to, be interchanged., (iii) If both the first and the last units in the group, are symbols, both these are to be coded as, ‘X’., , 19. @91$26, (a) JEFHRP, (c) XEFHRX, (e) None of these, , (b) PEFHRP, (d) PEFHRJ, , (a) KMDTAE, (c) EDMTAK, (e) None of these, , (b) KDMATE, (d) KDMTAE, , 21. 4@312δ, (a) VPKFRV, (c) XPKFRX, (e) None of these, , (b) VPKFRI, (d) IPKFRV, , 22. %4187★, (a) QIFDMU, (c) XIFDMX, (e) None of these, , (b) UNIFDMQ, (d) UIFDMU, , 23. 9124δ6, , Directions (Q. Nos. 19-23) In each question below, a, , 5 9 @  3 8 1 $ % 4 2 6 ★ 7 δ, , 20. 387#9, , (a) EFRIVJ, (c) EFRIVE, (e) None of these, , (b) JFRIVE, (d) XFRIVX, , 24. In a certain code language, ‘123’ means, ‘bright little boy’, ‘145’ means ‘tall big, boy’ and ‘637’ means ‘beautiful little, flower’. Which digit in that language, means ‘bright’?, (a) 1, (c) 3, , (b) 2, (d) 4, , 25. In a certain code, ‘975’ means ‘throw, away garbage’, ‘528’ means ‘give away, smoking’ and ‘213’ means ‘smoking is, harmful’. Which digit in that code means, ‘smoking’?, (a) 5, (c) 2, , (b) 8, (d) 3, , 26. In a certain code, ‘BASKET’ is written as, ‘5$3%#1’ and ‘TRIED’ is written as, ‘14★#2’. How is ‘SKIRT’ written in that, code?, [IBPS (PO) 2011], (a) 3%★41, (c) 3%#41, (e) None of these, , (b) 3★%41, (d) 3#4%1, , 27. In a certain code language, ‘3a, 2b, 7c’, means ‘truth is eternal’, ‘7c, 9a, 8b, 3a’, means ‘enmity is not eternal’ and ‘4d, 2b,, 8b’ means ‘truth does not’. Which of the, following means ‘enmity’ in that, language?, (a) 3a, (c) 8b, (e) None of these, , (b) 7c, (d) 9a

Page 14 :
16 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , 28. If ‘Lily’ is called ‘Lotus’, ‘Lotus’ is called, ‘Rose’, ‘Rose’ is called ‘Sunflower’ and, ‘Sunflower’ is called ‘Marigold’, then, which will be the national flower of, India?, (a) Lily, (d) Marigold, , (b) Lotus, (e) Sunflower, , (c) Rose, , 29. In a certain code, the following numbers, are coded by assigning signs, 1, , 2, , 3, , 4, , 5, , 6, , 7, , 8, , 9, , <, , +, , =, , c, , ↑, , →, , >, , ≠, , –, , which number can be decoded from the, given symbols?, [SSC (Constable) 2012], (a) 63181, (c) 62781, , → ≠> =<, (b) 68731, (d) 63118, , 30. On another planet, the local terminology, for ‘earth’, ‘water’, ‘light’, ‘air’ and ‘sky’, are ‘sky’, ‘light’, ‘air’, ‘water’ and ‘earth’,, respectively. If someone is thirsty there,, what would he drink?, (a) Light, (c) Sky, , (b) Air, (d) Water, , 31. If the animals which can walk are called, ‘swimmers’, animals who crawl are, called ‘flying’, those living in water are, called ‘snakes’ and those which fly in the, sky are called ‘hunters’, then what will a, lizard be called?, (a) Swimmers, (c) Flying, (e) None of these, , (b) Snakes, (d) Hunters, , 32. If ‘bucket’ is known as ‘tub’, ‘tub’ is, known as ‘glass’, ‘glass’ is known as, ‘saucer’, ‘saucer’ is known as ‘spoon’,, then which utensil will be used for, drinking water?, (a) Tub, (d) Spoon, , (b) Saucer, (c) Glass, (e) None of these, , 33. If ‘orange’ is called ‘butter’, ‘butter’ is, called ‘soap’, ‘soap’ is called ‘ink’, ‘ink’ is, called ‘honey’ and ‘honey’ is called, ‘orange’, then which of the following will, be used for washing clothes?, (a) Honey, (d) Soap, , (b) Butter, (e) Ink, , (c) Orange, , 34. In a certain code, the following alphabets, are coded in a certain way by assigning, numbers as follows, A D I L M N O R W, 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9, Which word can be decoded from the, [SSC (FCI) 2012], following?, 163514 97842, (a), (b), (c), (d), , ANIMAL WORLD, ANIMAL LESS WORLD, WORLD OF ANIMALS, ANIMALS WORLD, , Directions (Q. Nos. 35-39) Study the following, information carefully and answer the following, questions., [SBI (PO) 2013], In a certain code language., ‘economics is not money’ is written as ‘ka la ho ga’, ‘demand and supply economics’ is written as ‘mo ta, pa ka’, ‘money makes only part’ is written as ‘zi la ne ki’, ‘demand makes supply economics’ is written as ‘zi, mo ka ta’, , 35. What is the code for ‘money’ in the given, code language?, (a) ga, (c) pa, (e) la, , (b) mo, (d) ta, , 36. What is the code for ‘supply’ in the given, code language?, (a) Only ta, (c) Either pa or mo, (e) Either mo or ta, , (b) Only mo, (d) Only pa, , 37. What may be the possible code for, ‘demand only more’ in the given code, language?, (a) xi ne mo, (c) ki ne mo, (e) xi ka ta, , (b) mo zi ne, (d) mo zi ki, , 38. What may be the possible code for ‘work, and money’ in the given code language?, (a) pa ga la, (c) mo la pa, (e) pa la ne, , (b) pa la lu, (d) tu la ga

Page 15 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 17, l, , 39. What is the code for 'makes' in the given, code language ?, (a) mo, (c) ne, (e) ho, , (b) pa, (d) zi, , (iii) ‘bin cin vin rin’ means ‘drivers stopped all, trains’, (iv) ‘din kin fin vin’ means ‘all passengers were, late’., , 40. ‘Drivers were late’ would be written as, , Direction (Q. No. 40) According to certain codes, (i) ‘min fin bin gin’ means ‘trains are always, late’., (ii) ‘gin din cin hin’ means ‘drivers were always, punished’., , (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), , min cin din, cin din fin, fin din gin, gin hin min, None of the above, , Answer with Explanations, A. Base Level Exercise, 1. (a) As, S, , B, , O, , –1, , –1, , N, , R, , E, , R, , –1, , –1, , A, , 5. (d) As, C, , –1, , Q, , D, T, , O, , –1, , –1, , U, , –1, , –1, , D, , and S, , S, –1, , 2. (d), , S, , N, , R, , T, , H, , 3. (b), , A, , T E A M, , T, , E, , C, , V, , R, , C, , E, , –2, , S, , –3, , P, , B, , –4, , O, , K, , +4, , E, , –2, , T, , –3, , –4, , W, , I, , B, , P, , M, , O, , C, , R, , A, , T, , I, , C, , M, , O, , R, , C, , A, , T C, , I, , T, , F, , H, , D, , 6. (c) As, D E, , E, , Now, word written for code HKTG is, , –2, , S, , +3, , E, , R, , G, , –4, , K, , +4, , E, , A, , +2, , +2 +2 +2 +2 +2, , Y, , A, , G, , –3, , Similarly,, , Then, BALE will be written as EALB, W, , N, –2, , G, , +3, , K, , C, , M E A T, , I, , +4, , V, , +2, , U, K, , R, , +3, , E, , Similarly,, L, , A, , +2, , R, , I, –2, , –2, , K, , T, , E, , E, ↓, A, E, ↓, A, , C, , O N, , T, , I, , N, , U, , Q U S, , O, , C, , T, , N, , I, , U, , O S U, , –2, , G, , 4. (b) As,, T A B L, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, X E M R, Similarly, H O T, ↓ ↓ ↓, T I X, , D, , Similarly,, , C L, ↓ ↓, N R, L, ↓, R, , O, ↓, I, , T, ↓, X, , H, ↓, T, , N, , 7. (d) If, ‘P’ means #, ‘A’ means %, ‘C’ means φ and, ‘E’ means @., Then, P E A C E, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, # @ % φ @

Page 16 :
18 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, −1, , 8. (c) As, B → A, +1, , E →, , l, , Verbal, , −1, , Similarly, S → R, , P, , L → K, , L → K, , +2, , I → K, , +2, , D → F, , −1, , E → D, , O → N, , +2, , M → O, , 5, , H, I, ↓, ↓, 4, 1, L C, ↓ ↓, 5 8, A L, ↓ ↓, 2 5, , U T T A, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, 9 6 6 2, I C U T, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, 1 8 9 6, , 1 2 3 4 5 67 8, , 67 8 1 2 3 4 5, , 1 2 345 6 7 8, , 6 7 8 1 2 345, , Similarly, A P T I TUDE → UDE AP T I T, , 12. (c) If, T E R M I N A L, , 0 6 8, , 2, , Y C H O, , P S, , I C Y C O T H, , Then,, , +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1, , M A T E, , C, ↓, X, S, ↓, H, , B N F U, a, , c, , E, ↓, V, E, ↓, V, , 1, , 3, , N, O, I, T, I, N, U, M, M, A, , A, M, M, U, N, I, T, I, O, N, , R, ↓, I, Q, ↓, J, , T, ↓, G, U, ↓, F, , A, ↓, Z, E, ↓, V, , I, ↓, R, N, ↓, M, , N, ↓, M, C, ↓, X, , E, ↓, V, , R E Q U I R E D, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, I V J F R I V W, , Note The letters given here are opposite letters to each, other., , e, , 18. (a) As,, 5, , I C, , T, , R, O, T, A, R, E, G, I, R, F, E, R, , Hence,, , +1 +1 +1 +1, , 16, , 7 3 9, , Similarly, , R, E, F, R, I, G, E, R, A, T, O, R, , and, , e, , 1, , P S, , T O W E R S, , p, , 6, , S Y T E N D C A I, , X P U T S F, , 13. (b), , 2, , Similarly,, , 17. (d) As,, , N S F U M B O J, , Then,, , S H A R, , Note All letters are coded in revese order., , +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1, , and, , 3, , 16. (c) As,, , D AUGHTER → TERDAUGH, , 11. (b) As,, , I, , +2, , shown as it's place value. Further vowels have, an another sequence, A → 1, E → 2, I → 3, O → 4, U → 5, MANGO - 13 1 14 74, ∴, i.e.,, 1311474, ↓, 7, and C, ↓, 8, , N, , 15. (d) As, S Y N D I C A T E, , −1, , 9. (b) In the given code language, each consonant is, , L, ↓, 5, A, ↓, 2, C, ↓, 8, , T, So,, , −1, , F → H, , E, ↓, 3, , N D I, , E → F, , F, , −1, , 10. (c) If D, , A, , +1, , 5, , Place in th alphabetical order, So, 1215225 is decoded as love., , 14. (d) P, , A, , R, , K, , S, , H, , I, , R, , T, , 5, , 3, , 9, , 4, , 1, , 7, , 6, , 9, , 8, , B, U, I, L, D, E, R, , Similarly,, +1, , –1, , +1, , J, V, C, K, S, F, E, , S, E, A, L, I, N, G, , +1, , –1, , +1, , B, F, T, K, H, O, J

Page 17 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 19, l, , 19. (c) Letters of the word are written in reverse order., 20. (a) As,, , Similarly,, , G, U, R, A, T, I, V, E, , S, T, E, A, M, I, N, G, , B, S, V, D, D, U, H, S, , B, F, U, T, F, M, H, L, , +1, , –1, , O T, , I, , C, , T, , I, , C R, , O N, , E, , U, , O T, , I, , C, , Similarly,, H, , +3, , H → K, , U → U, , I → I, , +3, , –2, , S → Q, , F → D, , –2, , T → R, , –2, , 26. (b) As,, , U R, , Y C, , O → R, , E → C, , E, , S, , +3, , –2, , 21. (b) As, N, , P, , +3, , 25. (b) As, M → P Similarly, S → V, , C, A, L, A, N, D, E, R, , Similarly,, C, C, R, I, I, R, U, C, C, U, A, L, L, A, R, R, , C, L, A, N, A, E, D, R, , 27. (b) As,, 24 15 12 24 16, X O L X P, , 3 12 15 3 11, C L O C K, 3 + 24 = 27, , T, , I, , CC, , O P, , H, , S, , Y, , 12 + 15 = 27, 15 + 12 = 27, 3 + 24 = 27, , 22. (e) As,, , Similarly,, A, V, D, A, T, N, S, E, G, A, , A, D, V, A, N, T, A, G, E, S, , P, M, O, C, T, U, E, N, O, R, , C, O, M, P, U, T, R, O, N, E, , 11 + 16 = 27, , Similarly,, 12 15 20 21 19, L O T U S, , 15 12 7 6, O L G F, , 8, H, , 12 + 15 = 27, 15 + 12 = 27, 20 + 7 = 27, 21 + 6 = 27, 19 + 8 = 27, , 28. (c) As,, 23. (b) G, , L, , O, , S, , S, , O, , R, , Y, , 9, , 7, , 5, , 3, , 3, , 5, , 6, , 2, , G, , E, , O, , G, , R, , A, , P, , H Y, , 12, L, , 1, A, , 20, T, , 5, E, , 22, V, , 7, G, , 26, Z, , 15, O, , 5 + 22 = 27, 20 + 7 = 27, 1 + 26 = 27, 12 + 15 = 27, , 9, , 1, , 5, , 9, , 6, , 8, , 4, , 0, , ∴GEOLOGY = 9157592, , 24. (c) Given, REASON = 5, BELIEVED = 7, Here, Number of letters –1, Now, GOVERNMENT = 9, ∴Number of letter = 10 − 1 = 9, , 2, , Similarly,, 19 8 9 14, S H I N, , 22 13 18 19 8, V M R S H, , 5, E, 5 + 22 = 27, 14 + 13 = 27, 9 + 18 = 27, 8 + 19 = 27, 19 + 8 = 27

Page 18 :
20 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , 29. (a) Given,, , 35. (a), , L, , O, +0, , L, , F, , +1, , +0, , P, , Then, D, , D, , U, , A, , +1, , +0, , +0, , +1, , S, , F, +0, , U → Q, , N → R, , G → F, , E → S, , E → S, , U → Q, , S → M, , S → M, , T → N, , T → N, , R → F, , I → X, , E → G, , L → Q, , N → J, , D → U, , T → K, , R → F, , E → G, , N → J, , R → F, E → G, P → B, R → F, I → X, N → J, T → K, C, , C, , A, , H, , E, , 4, , 9, , 3, , 5, , 0, , L, , and, , Z, , I → O, , N → W, , N → W, C → E, , E → R, , E → R, S → S, S → S, , Similarly,, , S → S, R → L, I → O, N → W, C → E, E → R, , 37. (c) As, O → C, , and, , 9, , 8, , 3, , 6, , P → X, , G → D, , E → F, , A → W, , R → B, , N → L, , A → W, , I → Q, , T → Y, , S → J, , I → Q, , A → W, , O → C, , T → Y, , N → L, , I → Q, O → C, Similarly,, , 4, , 33. (c) The correct letter code for the given set of, number is Z Q M D E J., , 34. (c) M O E A S J T Z, 3 5 7 6 2 9 4 0, , EAST = 7624, , So, the correct number code for the given set of, letters EAST is 7624., , O → C, , R → B, , N → L, 1, , P → F, R → L, , C → E, , and C → M, H → O, , A → D, , X, , S, , 7, , I → O, , F, , U → Q, , 32. (a) J W, , I, , 8, , R → L, , U → Q, , Similarly,, , D, , Code, , 36. (a) As, P → F, , 30. (c)As, J → P and A → W Similarly, G → F, , 31. (a) As, P → B, , Letters, , So, code of HEAD is 5038., , Y, , R, , A, , X, , Y, , +1, , F, , W, , +0, , T, , S → J, E → F, P → X, A → W, R → B, A → W, T → Y, I → Q, O → C, N → L

Page 19 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 21, l, , F → Q, , N → M, O → O, , E → E, , I → H, , M → N, , T → N, , R → O, , P → Z, , A → C, , E → E, , Solutions (Q. Nos. 38-41), G → B, , Similarly,, , 43. (c) As,, , M, , W→ D, A → C, , K, , Y → I, B → P, , W→ D, , A → C, , A → C, , C → T, , R → O, , K → L, , D → X, S → U, , M → Z, , and, , S, , U, , –2 +2, , I, , C, , –2 +2, , W, , Q, , A, , –2 +2, , K, , A, , L, –2, , C, , J, , Similarly,, S, , P, , –2 +2, , Q, , R, , R, , P, , 44. (b) As, S → F, , S → V, , I, , N, , –2 +2, , K, , L, , –2 +2, , K, , L, , E, , –2 +2, , M, , J, , G, , T → N, , V → L, O → B, , Similarly,, , O → M, , L → F, , O → B, , T → N, , V → W, , O → M, , V → L, , E → K, , E → E, , W→ D, , E → K, , S → F, , +6, , 38. (b) O → M, , 45. (c) As, M → 19, , V → W, E → E, R → O, , +6, , +6, , A → 7, , A → 7, , +6, , +6, , N → 20, , C → 9, , 39. (c) D → X, E →, A →, D →, L →, Y →, , +6, , Similarly, D → 10, , +6, , +6, , E, C, X, F, I, , G → 13, , H → 14, +6, , +6, , I → 15, , E → 11, , +6, , +6, , N → 20, , R → 24, , 40. (b) R → O, E →, W→, A →, R →, D →, , +6, , E → 11, , E, D, C, O, X, , Solutions (Q. Nos. 46-50), , 41. (a) G → B, R →, E →, A →, T →, , O, E, C, N, , 42. (d) As, Z → P, , Means, , Code, 3, , 1, , 8, , run, , very, , fast, , 2, , 8, , 9, , to, , run, , away, , to, , see, , 9, 4, , O → O, , and R → Q, O → O, , O → O, , A → B, , M → N, , D → E, , 7, 3, , very, , good, , 46. (b) See → 7, 47. (a) See Good Run Away → 8472, 48. (b) Run → 8

Page 20 :
22 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , Verbal, , 49. (d) Good to See away → 2479, , 55. (c) As, A = 1, ACT = 1 + 3 + 20 = 24, Similarly,, FAT = 6 + 1 + 20 = 27, , 50. (d) 4 → Good, 51. (e) As, L → 1 and, I → 2, , F → 5, O → 6, , N → 3, , R → 7, , G → 4, , C → 8, , E → 5, , E → 9, , and, BAG = 2 + 1 + 7 = 10, Similarly, BOX = 2 + 15 + 24 = 41, , 57. (c) LADY = 2(12 + 1 + 4 + 25), = 2 × 42 = 84, , R → 6, , 58. (a) As, D → 2, , F → 5, I → 2, , Similarly,, , E → 9/5, R → 6/7, C → 8, , 52. (b) Given,, I, , –1, , S, , +1, , –1, , M, , +1, , S, , H, , T, , L, , and R, , U, , B, , L, , E, , +1, , Q, , A, , V, , Then, W, , H, , –1, , V, , –1, , O, , +1, , N, , I, , +1, , –1, , D, , R, , L, , +1, , S, , –1, , K, , (place value), and ACE = 1 + 3 + 5 (place value of ACE) = 9, Similarly, ART = 1 + 18 + 20 (place value of ART), = 39, , 54. (d) Given,, L, , O, –1, , –1, , K, , N, , Then, S, , U, , E, , –1, , –1, , R, , T, , E, –1, , V, , P, , R, , –1, , D, , R, –1, , –1, , O, , D → 2, , E → 5, , E → 5, Similarly, B → 2, O → 15, , N → 14, , I → 9, , E → 5, , L → 12, , D O M E, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, 8 9 4 3, 3, ↓, E, , and M E, ↓ ↓, 4 3, , 8, ↓, D, , L → 15, , Similarly, B → 25, R → 9, , A → 26, , E → 22, , R → 9, , I → 18, , E → 22, , F → 21, , 62. (c) As,, , 12, L, , 5, E, , Q, , Q, , R, , E, , M, , –1, , D, , 20 13, , –1, , –1, , L, , Similarly,, E, –1, , D, , L, ↓, 1, , Note Each letter is coded in opposite alphabet, sequence., 1, A, , 4, D, , 5, E, , 18, R, , S, , –1, , A, ↓, 2, , 2 4 9, ↓ ↓ ↓, A M O, , +8 +8 +8 +8 +8 +8, , W, , –1, , A → 1, , 61. (d) As, F → 21, , 53. (b) As, A = 1, , F, , S → 8, H → 4, , Similarly,, , M, , –1, , 60. (d) As,, , –1, , O, , –1, , S → 8, H → 4, , Similarly,, , C → 3, , Hence, cannot be determined., R, , A → 1, , 59. (b) As, A → 1, , E → 9/5, , P, , B =2, , 56. (c) As,, , 12, L, , 9, 9, I, , 12 13 26, 7, G, , 8, H, , 20, T, , +8 +8 +8 +8 +8, , 20 17 15 16 28

Page 21 :
Chapter 1 Coding-Decoding 23, l, , 63. (c) As, S → 5, , T → 8, E → 3, , A → @, , R → 2, I → , , F → 3, , D → %, , A → 1, , E → #, , E → #, , C → 2, , and, , Similarly,, , H → 4, , R → 2, , D → %, S → 5, , 64. (b) As, E → 3, , E → 3, , F → 3, E → #, , Similarly,, , A → 1, , and C → 2, H → 4, , T → 8, , A → 1, , I → 5, , R → 6, , R → 6, , 65. (a) As, C3 A1 20, T = (3 + 1 + 20) ÷ 2, = 24 ÷ 2 = 12, 1 14, Similarly, 13, M A N, = (13 + 1 + 14) ÷ 2, = 28 ÷ 2 = 14, , B. Expert Level Exercise, 1. (a) 5 6 2 1 8 3, , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, P A V M R P, [condition number (ii) follows], , 2. (d) 6 2 7 8 5 1, , 9. (d) 7 9 4 8 2 1, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, $ R % D  $, , [condition (iii) is applicable], , 10. (a) 5 9 1 4 2 6, , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, A V L R D M, , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, @ R A %  P, , [no condition follows], , 3. (c) 8 1 2 3 5 4, , [condition (i) is applicable], Solutions (Q. Nos. 11-15), , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, R M V P D R, , very large risk, , associated, , nu, , ta ro gi, , [condition number (i) follows], risk, , 4. (d) 3 9 7 4 1 6, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, P B L F M A, , is, , [no condition follows], , 5. (d) 7 3 4 1 9 2, , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, L P F M B V, , 6. (d) 2 1 5 3 4 9, , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓,  A P K % R, [none of the conditions is applicable], , 7. (c) 6 7 1 2 5 4, , ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, P M A  P P, [condition (ii) is applicable], 6, ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓, D A K % @, [none, , very low, , that also, , gi se nu, , associated, , inherent risk also damaging, , mi, , ta, , mi po fu, , fu, , nu di yu, , 11. (d) risk also large → nu fu ro, [no condition follows], , 8. (b) 8 1 3 4, , is, , 9, ↓, R, of the conditions is applicable], , 12. (e) very → gi, 13. (b) associated → ta, 14. (a) ‘di’ stands for either ‘damaging’ or ‘inherent’., 15. (b) that is low → po mi se, 16. (c) sun shines brightly → ba lo sul, , …(i), houses are brightly lit, …(ii), → kado ula ariba, light comes from sun, …(iii), → dopi kup lo mo, From Eqs. (i) and (ii), brightly → ba, From Eqs. (i) and (iii), sun → lo, Hence, sun → lo and brightly → ba

Page 22 :
24 How to Crack Test of Reasoning, , l, , 17. (a) po ki top ma, , Usha is, , playing cards, , Kop ja ki ma, , Asha is, , playing, , they are playing football, , posur kop, , Cards and tennis, , pe to lo → vinay comes here, From Eqs. (i) and (ii), lo → vinay, Hence, come is either as pe or to., 9, ↓, E, , 20. (d) 3, , 8, ↓, D, , ↓, P, , ↓, K, , 21. (a) 4 @, ↓, V, , ↓, P, , 1, ↓, F, , 3, ↓, K, , …(i), …(ii), , , ↓, A, , 9, ↓, E, [no such condition is follow], , 2, ↓, R, , ↓, X, , 4, ↓, I, , 1, ↓, F, , ↓, J, , 1, ↓, F, , 2, ↓, R, , d, ↓, V, , 1 4 5 → tall big boy, 6 3 7 → beautiful little flower, From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 1 → boy, From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 3 → little, Hence, 2 → bright., , 25. (c) 9 7 5 → throw away garbage, 5 2 8 → give away smoking, 2 1 3 → smoking is harmful, From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), smoking → 2, , and, , A, ↓, $, , S, ↓, 3, , K, ↓, %, , <, ↓, 1, , as light., , 31. (c) Lizard → flying, 32. (b) Glass is used for drinking water and here glass, , 34. (a) According to given alphabets codes, 1, 6, 3, 5, 1, 4 9 7, 8, 4, 2, ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓ ↓ ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓, A, N, I, M, A, L W O, R, L, D, Solutions (Q. Nos 35-39) On the basis of given information, ka la ho ga ...(i), , economics is not money, , 24. (b) 1 2 3 → bright little boy, , ↓, 5, , =, ↓, 3, , 30. (a) Water quenches thirst and here water is called, , 6, ↓, E, [(ii) condition follows], , 26. (a) As, B, , >, ↓, 7, , is called ink., , 8 7 P, ↓ ↓ ↓, D M X, 4, ↓, I, , ≠, ↓, 8, , 33. (e) Soap is used for washing clothes and here soap, , [(iii) condition follows], , 23. (b) 9, , →, ↓, 6, , is called as saucer., , d, ↓, V, [(i) condition follow], , 22. (c) %, , 28. (c) We know that, national flower of India is Lotus, and here Lotus is called Rose., , 6, ↓, J, [no such condition is follow], , 1, ↓, F, , …(i), …(ii), …(iii), , 29. (b) According to given sign’s table,, , $ 2, ↓ ↓, H R, , 7 #, ↓ ↓, M T, , 7c 9a 8b 3a → enmity is not eternal, 4d 2b 8b → truth does not, From Eqs. (i) and (ii), 7c → is/eternal, From Eqs. (i) and (iii), 2b → truth, From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), 8b → hot, Hence, 9a → enmity, , ja, , 18. (e) me lo po → anu weds vinay, , 19. (d) @, , 27. (d) 3a 2b 7c → truth is eternal, , tennis, , ki topsopno, , So, Asha, , Verbal, , E, ↓, #, , T, ↓, 1, , T, R, I, E, D, ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓, 1, 4, *, #, 2, Similarly, S, K, I, R, T, ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓, ↓, 3, %, *, 4, 1, , mo ta pa ka ...(ii), , demand and supply economics, , …(i), …(ii), …(iii), , money, , makes only part, , zi, , la ne ki ...(iii), , demand makes supply economics, zi mo ka ta ...(iv), , 35. (c), …(i), …(ii), …(iii), , 36. (e), , 37. (a), , 38. (b), , 39. (d), , 40. (b) min fin bin gin → trains are always late, , …(i), gin din cin hin → drivers were always, punished, …(ii), bin cin vin rin → drivers stopped all trains, …(iii), din kin fin vin → all passengers were late, …(iv), From Eqs. (i) and (iv), fin → late, From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), cin → drivers, From Eqs. (ii) and (iv), din → were, Hence, drivers were late → cin din fin