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O. Chandu Menon, •, , Oyyarathu, , First perfect novel, , Chandu, , Menon, , According to some critics and, , (popularly known as O. Chandu, , scholars, Indulekha, was the first, , Menon), , perfect, , (1847–1899), , was, , a, , novel, , to, , be, , written, , in, , novelist., , Malayalam. The novel dealt with a, , He is the author of Indulekha,, , wide variety of themes and issues, , the, , in, , pertaining to man in the society. It was, , Malayalam published in 1889,, , a critique of the matrilineal system of, , for, , governance, , Malayalam, first, which, , language, major, he, , novel, received, , a, , certificate from Queen Victoria., , and, , inheritance,, , joint, , family, the power of the karanavar in, the taravad, issues related to Nair-, , •, , He was inspired by his wife to, , Nambuthiri, , write his first novel Indulekha., , impact of English education in the, , He, , fashioning of a ‘new self.’, , began, , a, , second, , novel, , Sambandams, , and, , the, , named Sarada, the first part of, which appeared in 1892. This, , The novel Indulekha discusses three, , novel was meant to be in two, , important points:, , parts. However, he was unable, to complete the sequel, which, , 1. the suffering of the junior men in, the family (anandravan) who had, , never got published., , no right to separate property and, Indulekha, In, , the, , legacy, , of, , were victims of taravads who, Malayalam, , literature, Indulekha (1889) by O., , would not even pay for their, education., , Chandu Menon holds the coveted, position of the work that marks the, birth of Malayalam novel., , 2. the, , informal, , nature, , of, , and, , Nair, , temporary, , alliances, , as, , reflected in the contractual, non-
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sacramental, , sambandam, • The novel, Indulekha,provided a, , ceremony., , fresh environment in which the, 3. the, , strange, , (to, , the, , British), , emblem of woman had already, , practice of inheritance through, , witnessed, , the female line and the relative, , education, , unimportance of the father in, , social movements., , changes, and, , other, , due, , to, , various, , everyday family life., • Indulekha and Madhavan are, These three points are fundamental to, , beneficiaries, , the understanding of the novel., , advantages. In fact, Indulekha, was, , Indulekha, society, , is, , and, , fundamental, , deeply, , rooted, , reflects, social, , the, , of, , ‘new, , these, , woman’, , that, , in, , Chandumenon wanted to project, , certain, , to society, a progressive and, , The, , radical woman who wanted to, , issues., , themes are carved out of the life,, , establish her own individuality., , customs and practices of people., The spread and access to English, ‘new women’, •, , education offered additional benefits to, , the advent of a new category of, , establish, , women called the ‘new women’., , although some may consider it means, , Indulekha, , of colonial control., , belonged, , to, , the, , one’s, , own, , uniqueness,, , category of the ‘new women’ and, depicted an image of a radical, , Issues of marriage, , middle class Nair women who, tried to inaugurate and establish, their, , own, , individuality, , distinctiveness., , and, , • The, , issues, , of, , marriage, , discussed in the novel is of, importance as we consider the
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transition–a, , journey, , to, , Madhavan, , and, , Chandumenon also discusses a, , Indulekha decide to move away, , misconception that prevailed among a, , from an old system to embrace a, , few that marriage, loyalty and home, , new one. They decide to marry, , are the domains of women, while, , against the wish of their parents, , religion and politics are of men. There, , and relatives., , are two standards of operation in, , modernity., , Two standards of operation, , society –one for women and the other, • Their marriage strengthens their, , for men., , individuality, because it is in, uniting themselves in marriage, , There, , is, , also, , the, , older, , chasm, and, , existing, , they decide to move away from, , between, , younger, , their families. It is a fresh, , generations and the older generation, , beginning and a new step in, , believes that the modern generation is, , their lives. Their decision to, , devoid of faith in God, religion and, , settle down in Madras, away, , morality and failed to love and show, , from the joint family, has two, , respect towards their elders., , implications., V. T Bhattathiripad, On the one hand it is a break away, , V. T. was a social critic, well-known, , embracing, , dramatist and one of the leading lights, , nuclear family and on the other, it is a, , of social reforms in Kerala, especially, , move from the village to urban space., , in the Namboodiri community of the, , Most, , are, , State. He was best known for his, , prevalent in the villages and therefore,, , contributions in the reformation of the, , moving away from the village would, , casteism, , also mean moving away from some of, , existed in the Namboothiri community., , from, , the, , of, , tradition, , the, , rigid, , by, , practices, , these traditional practices., , and, , conservatism, , that
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He wrote a number of books which, , • He worked for widow remarriage, , include a play, Adukkalayail Ninnu, , and education of Namputhiri, , Arangathekku and his autobiography,, , women.For, , Kanneerum, , wrote a famous literary work-, , Kinavum, , (Tears, , and, , this, , purpose, , he, , Dreams in English) and many critics, , Atukkalayil, , consider them as notable works in, , Arangatheykku. (From kitchen to, , Malayalam literature. Kerala Sahitya, , the stage)., , Akademi, , honoured, , him, , with, , distinguished fellowship in 1976., , • This play helped the growth of, awareness, , He also conducted the first mixedis, , credited, , with, , about, , the, , evil, , customs prevailed among the, , race marriage in the Brahmin society., He, , Ninnum, , Namputhiris., , starting, , the, , movement, , of, , His play (drama)‘Adukkalayil Ninnu, , stage, , Arangathekku’ played a very powerful, , performances were in the hands of, , role in the social reformist movement, , social reformers and political activists., , led, , progressive, , theatre, , Kerala, , a, , at, , time, , when, , by, , Sabha., ‘Adukkalayil Ninnu Arangathekku’, , Namboodiri, It, , was, , the, , Yogakshema, first, , motto, , was, , “make, , the, , Namputhiri a human being”.He, was, , co-founder, , Yogakshema, , Sabha, , of, and, , the, its, , youth wing Namputhiri Yuvajana, samajam. He wanted to uplift the, Namputhiri women folk., , in, , Malayalam to have a definite and, concrete social objective., , • His, , play
