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CONTENT, CHAPTER I, ❖, , EXECUTIVE SUMMARY, , ❖, , BACKGROUND, , ❖, , INTRODUCTION, , ❖, , PHYSIOGRAPHY, , ❖, , WATER RESOURCES & RAINFALL, , ❖, , ANNUAL RAINFALL, , ❖, , DEVIATION OF RAINFALL, , ❖, , SEASONAL RAINFALL, , ❖, , RAINFALL TREND IN RABI SEASON, , ❖, , AVERAGE MOTHLY RAINFALL, , ❖, , MOVING AVERAGE OF THE RAINFALL, , ❖, , EXTREME EVENT ANALYSIS, , ❖, , SURFACE WATER RESOURCES, , ❖, , GROUND WATER RESOURCES, , ❖, , DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND MAPS, , ❖, , RIVERS AND RIVER BASINS, , ❖, , RIVER SUBARNAREKHA, , ❖, , RIVER NALKARI, , ❖, , RIVER GARGA, , ❖, , RIVER SANKH, , ❖, , RIVER JUMAR, , ❖, , RIVER KONAR, , ❖, , RIVER DAMODAR, , ❖, , WATER QUALITY GOALS AS PER THE EXISTING PROVISIONS OR, GUIDELINES/ SPECIFICATIONS OF CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL, BOARD (CPCB), , ❖, , RIVER COURSE AND MAJOR TRIBUTARIES, , ❖, , SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE, , pg. 2

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❖, , WATER RESOURCES AND ITS USES, , ❖, , MINING AND INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES, , ❖, , NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC HAZARDS, , ❖, , IDENTIFIED STRETCHES FOR REDUCING POLLUTION, , CHAPTER II- VISION MISSION AND STRATEGY FOR RIVERS OF JHARKHAND, ❖, , VISION STATEMENT OF JHARKHAND STATE POLLUTION CONTROL, BOARD, , ❖, , VISION STATEMENT FOR CLEAN RIVERS IN JHARKHAND, , ❖, , MISSION STATEMENT FOR CLEAN RIVERS, , CHAPTER III-CURRENT STATUS AND TRENDS OF WATER QUALITY IN, JHARKHAND RIVERS, ❖, , IDENTIFICATION OF MONITORING LOCATIONS, , ❖, , CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD'S NORMS FOR DESIGNATED, BEST USE, , CHAPTER IV-SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION IN RIVERS, ❖, , MAJOR DRAINS, , ❖, , SEWAGE/SULLAGE GENERATED FROM URBAN AREAS, , ❖, , SEWAGE/SULLAGE GENERATED FROM RURAL AREAS, , ❖, , INDUSTRIAL SOURCES IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF RIVER, SWARNREKHA, , ❖, , SOLID WASTE, , ❖, , RIVER DAMODAR- EXISTING SCENARIO OF SEWAGE GENERATION,, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL, , ❖, , POPULATION FORECAST, WATER DEMAND AND WASTEWATER, GENERATION, , ❖, , SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FACTSHEET, , ❖, , COMPLIANCE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES – 2016, , ❖, , PLASTIC WASTE, , ❖, , PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES – 2016, , ❖, , HAZARDOUS WASTE, , pg. 3

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CHAPTER V-MEASURES FOR CONTROL OF POLLUTION AND TIMELINES, ❖, , SETTING UP OF NEW TREATMENT FACILITIES, , ❖, , SETTING UP OF ONLINE EFFLUENT MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR STPS, AND ETPS, , ❖, ❖, , TIMELINES FOR PROJECTS, STEPS TO CLEAN RIVERS OF JHARKHAND:- ACHIEVABLE WATER, QUALITY GOALS WITH SPECIFIC TIMELINES, , CHAPTER VI-MONITORING REQUIREMENTS AND FORMATS, ❖, , MONITORING REQUIREMENTS, , ❖, , MONITORING OF PROGRESS OF PROJECTS FOR SETTING UP OF, NEW/UP GRADED FACILITIES, , ❖, , MONITORING OF OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF STPS, , ❖, , MONITORING OF ETP’S AND INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS, , ❖, , MONITORING OF WASTEWATER GENERATION, , ❖, , MONITORING OF QUALITY OF WATER OF RIVERS, , ❖, , MONITORING OF ADVERSE IMPACT ON HEALTH OF THE PEOPLE IN, SURROUNDING AREAS, , ❖, , MONITORING OF AWARENESS CAMPAIGN, , ❖, , MONITORING OF OTHER VIOLATIONS OF LAWS/ REGULATIONS, , CHAPTER VII-GOVERNANCE AND SUPERVISION, ❖, , THREE TIER MONITORING, , ❖, , DISTRICT LEVEL SPECIAL TASK FORCE (DLSTF), , ❖, , RIVER REJUVENATION COMMITTEE, , ❖, , EXECUTING COMMITTEE, , CHAPTER VIII-RISK MITIGATION PLAN, ❖, , IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR RISKS IN THE ACTION PLAN, , ❖, , MITIGATION PLAN FOR IDENTIFIED RISKS, , ❖, , ACCURACY AND COMPLETENESS OF BASELINE DATA, , pg. 4

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❖, , ACCURACY AND COMPLETENESS OF PROJECT TIMELINES, , ❖, , DISCHARGE FROM UNAPPROVED HABITATION AREAS, , ❖, , FINANCIAL CLOSURE AND TIMELY RELEASES OF FUNDS, , ❖, , TRACKING THE PROGRESS AND PROGRAM MANAGEMENT, , ❖, , RESOLUTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND TECHNICAL ISSUES, , CHAPTER IX- ACTION PLAN, ❖, , ACTION PLAN- SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM ACTION AND THE, IDENTIFIED AUTHORITIES FOR INITIATING ACTIONS AND THE TIME, LIMITS FOR ENSURING COMPLIANCE, , ❖, , SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM ACTION PLANS FOR REJUVENATION, OF RIVERS AND THE IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES RESPONSIBLE FOR, EXECUTION OF THE ACTION PLANS AND THE TIME LIMITS ARE, GIVEN IN TABLE AS BELOW, , ❖, , PROPOSED ACTION PLAN BY VARIOUS DEPARTMENT OF GOVT. OF, JHARKHAND, , ❖, , PROPOSED ACTION PLAN FOR RESTORATION OF JHARKHAND, RIVERS, , ❖, , ACTION PLAN AT VILLAGE LEVEL, , ❖, , TIMELINES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF MODEL RESTORATION PLAN, in 2019-2020 and 2020-2021, , pg. 5

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Chapter-1, JHARKHAND & ITS WATER RESOURCES, , 1.0 BACKGROUND:-Hon’ble National Green Tribunal passed the following orders in OA, No. 673/2018 & M.A. No. 1777/2018 titled News item published in “The Hindu “authored by, Shri Jacob Koshy titled “More river stretches are now critically polluted: CPCB on, 20.09.2018 as per excerpts below., “The issue taken up for consideration in this matter is abatement of pollution in 351 river, stretches in the country, identified as such by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)., The said river stretches 2 are not meeting the prescribed standards of the water quality in, terms of Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Existence of polluted river stretches is, evidence to show that the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) have failed to perform, their statutory obligation to take appropriate action to achieve the objects of the Water, (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974., Having regard to the importance of the issue and in the light of judgments of the Hon’ble, Supreme Court in M.C. Mehta Vs. Union of India & Ors.1, M.C. Mehta Vs. Union of India, And Ors.2 (Calcutta Tanneries' Matter), Vellore Citizen’ Welfare Forum Vs. Union of India3,, S. Jagannath Vs. Union of India & Ors.4, And Quiet Flows The Maily Yamuna5, Tirupur, Dyeing Factory Owners Association Vs. Noyyal River Ayacutdars Protection Association &, Ors.6 and TechiTagi Tara Vs. Rajendra Singh Bhandari & Ors.7 and of this Tribunal in, Manoj Mishra Vs. Union of India8, M.C. Mehta Vs. Union of India9, Mahendra Pandey Vs., Union of India &Ors.10, Sobha Singh & Ors. Vs. State of Punjab & Ors. 11, Nityanand, Mishra Vs. State of M.P. & Ors12, Stench Grips Mansa’s Sacred Ghaggar River (Suo-Moto, Case)13, Doaba Paryavaran Samiti Vs. State of U.P. & Ors.14, Arvind Pundalik Mhatre Vs., Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change & Ors.15, Meera Shukla Vs. Municipal, Corporation, Gorakhpur & Ors.16, Amresh Singh Vs. Union of India & Ors.17, Sudarsan, Das Vs. State of West Bengal & Ors.18, Satish Kumar vs. U.O.I & Ors.19, this Tribunal, noted 1 (1987) 4 SCC 463 ¶14 & (1988) 1 SCC 471 2 (1997) 2 SSC 411 3 (1996) 5 SSC 647, 4 (1997) 2 SCC 87 5 (2009) 17 SSC 720 6 (2009) 9 SSC 737 7 (2018) 11 SCC 734 8 O.A. No., , pg. 6

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6/2012, 2015 ALL(I) NGT REPORTER (1) (DELHI) 139 9 O.A No. 200 of 2014, 2017 NGTR, (3) PB 1 10 O.A. No. 58/2017 11 O.A.No. 101/2014 12 O.A. No. 456/2018 13 O.A. No., 138/2016 (TNHRC) 14 O.A. No. 231/2014 15 O.A. No. 125/2018 16 O.A. No. 116/2014 17, Execution Application No. 32/2016 in O.A. No. 295/2016 18 O.A.No. 173 of 2018 19 O.A No., 56 (THC) of 2013 3 the need for steps to check discharge of untreated sewage and effluents,, plastic waste, e-waste, bio-medical waste, municipal solid waste, diversion of river waters,, encroachments of catchment areas and floodplains, over drawal of groundwater, river bank, erosion on account of illegal sand mining. There is need for installation of Effluent Treatment, Plants (ETPs), Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs), Sewage Treatment Plants, (STPs), Solid Waste Treatment and processing facilities etc., It was also noted that BOD was required to be less than 3.0 mg/l, Dissolved Oxygen more, than 5.0 mg/l and Faecal Coliform bacteria less than 500 MPN/100 ml”, , 1.1, , Introduction, , The State of Jharkhand was created as the 28thState of the Indian Union by the Bihar Reorganization Act on 15th November 2000, the birth anniversary of the legendary Bhagwan, Birsa Munda. It comprises of the forest tracts of Chhotanagpur plateau and Santhal Paragna., It is bounded by Bihar on the North, Orissa on the South, Chhattisgarh on the west and West, Bengal on the East. Topography of the State is mostly undulating, hilly and sloping with, mountains, forests, river basins and valleys. It has a rich endowment of forests and mineral, resources. It has some of the richest deposits of coal and iron ore in the world. It is the largest, producer of coal, copper, kyanite and mica in the country. It is blessed with rich fauna and, flora., The State is home to nearly a tenth of the country’s Scheduled Tribes1, who constitute 28% of, Jharkhand’s population. Another 12% of the population is from Scheduled Castes. Jharkhand, is mostly rural, with 77.77% of the State’s population in villages. The State has 24 districts,, 38 sub-divisions, 260 blocks, 4118 panchayats and 32620 villages. For safeguarding and, protecting the interest of the Scheduled Tribes and for ensuring equity and social justice in, 1, , The main tribes in Jharkhand are Asur, Birhor, Birjia, Chik Baraik, Korba, Lohara, Mahali, Mal Paharia,, Kumarbhag Paharia, Souriya Paharia, Savar, Santal, Oraon, Munda, Ho and Kharia., , pg. 7

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the planned process of development, the State is following Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) approach in, 12 districts fully and 2 districts partly, covering 112 blocks., With an area of 79714 km2 which accounts for 2.42% of the country’s area, Jharkhand, supports a population of 32.97 million (2011) which constitutes 2.72% of the country’s, population. South Bihar, as it was called in the earlier dispensation, is a hill state comprising, ethnic groups (tribals), Hos, Mundas, Santhals and others ; The state needs intensive, development initiatives., Jharkhand, literally meaning a forested region, is landlocked and is an integral part of the, north-eastern portion of the Peninsular Plateaus of India. As part of ancient Gondwanaland,, Jharkhand has rock formations ranging from the earliest Archean Era to the latest Posttertiary period. It is a region of diverse physical features consisting of a succession of, plateaus, hills and valleys, drained by several large rivers such as Damodar, Barakar,, Subarnarekha, Koel, Brahmani, Baitarani and Mahanadi. The northern part of Jharkhand, adjoining Bihar broadly comes under the Gangetic river basin., The State has a sub-humid climate with average annual rainfall of 1,350 mm. However, due, to high variability of monsoon rains, low moisture holding capacity of soils, absence of, developed aquifers due to the hard rock substrate and high run-off due to the undulating, terrain, agriculture is fraught with high risks2. Paddy, the principal crop of the State sown, over 1.3 mha in 2001-023 had an average yield of only 1.11 ton/ha4. Maize, minor millets and, pulses are the other principal crops and together occupy about 25% of the net sown area, with, similar low yields. Oilseeds production is negligible. Horticulture and floriculture is, undeveloped in spite of a suitable climate., Jharkhand is a mineral rich state, contributing 40% of the nation’s mineral wealth. Yet, it had, little impact on local livelihoods outside the industrial enclaves. Even in the most, industrialized districts, such as East Singhbhum, Bokaro, Ranchi and Dhanbad, the, 2, , As per the categorization by Indian Meteorological Department, Jharkhand figures in the "drought corridor” of, the country, which also includes Rajasthan, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh (drought prone districts of Rayalaseema, and Telengana regions), West Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh (including Chhatisgarh), Bihar and parts of West, Bengal adjoining Jharkhand., 3Planning Commission, ibid., 4 The average yield for India during the year was 1.9 ton/ha, with Tamil Nadu, having the highest average yield, at 3.2 ton/ha. Yields vary a great deal within Jharkhand due to the undulating topography and varying levels of, development of agriculture. Source: Fertilizer statistics 2002-03 New Delhi (Published in Jharkhand Agriculture, data book 2006), , pg. 8

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proportion of main workers engaged in mining and industry is less than 3%. Agriculture, remains the principal source of livelihoods for an overwhelming majority of the population., About 48% of the State’s geographical area is cultivable. However, the net sown area is only, about 23% (all India 47%) of the geographical area and more than half of the cultivable land, remains fallow. Subsidiary farm-based activities like dairy, poultry, etc. generally follow, growth in agriculture. These have not developed in the State in spite of increasing demand for, the products. The State has a large population of scrub cattle, kept principally for draught, power and manure., In the last 13 years, since the creation of the State, the Government has done effective work, in extending primary education in the rural areas. Government’s priority to spread road, network in the rural areas is very important. Similarly, the health sector also needs serious, attention in the rural areas. Health services in rural areas need improvement, the people are, traditionally dependent on traditional medicine men. In terms of potential opportunities, some, of the considerations which require action to reduce poverty and enhance food security are:, ▪, , An overwhelming majority of the State’s population is rural and dependent on, agriculture and other natural resource based livelihoods., , ▪, , Less than half the cultivable land in the State is presently utilized., , ▪, , 85% of the net sown area is under mono-cropping., , ▪, , Potential of water resources is not adequately developed., , ▪, , Productivity of agriculture is significantly lower than potential., , ▪, , There is little diversity in the farm sector., , ▪, , The State is a net importer of food grains, oilseeds, milk and milk products and, poultry., , ▪, , Intensification of agriculture would in the long run call for improved land husbandry,, including use of organic inputs given the undulating and hilly terrain and relatively, low fertility of soils., , ▪, , Almost a third of the State is classified as forests., , ▪, , Forests have been a significant source of income (produce/materials required for, domestic use in general/during scarcity) for nearly 1/3 of the population., , ▪, , Livelihood infrastructure of extension services and input-output markets is not, adequately developed., , pg. 9

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1.2 PHYSIOGRAPHY, Physiography of the State: Physiographically Jharkhand state consists of series of four, distinct plateaus, the highest plateau is formed by western Ranchi plateau or the pat region,, which is 800 to 1100 meters above the mean sea level. It covers the north-western part of the, Ranchi district and southern edge of Palamau district. The next plateau is known as the, Ranchi, except the pat region. This plateau is about 600 meters above mean sea level. The, Ranchi plateau is separated from the other surface of the same elevation by Damodar trough., The third plateau has an elevation of 300 meters above mean sea level and may be termed as, the lower Chotanagpur plateau. The fourth plateau is a uniform surface formed by the river, valleys, plains and lower parts of the outer plateau lying between 150-300 meters above mean, sea level. Rajmahal hills and the Kaimur plateau belong to this category., The soil in the state of Jharkhand has been formed from disintegration of rocks and stones., The soil thus formed can be divided into various soil types including red soil, micacious soil,, sandy soil, black soil and laterite soil. Red soil is found mostly in the Damodar valley, and, Rajmahal area. The Micacious soil (which consist particles of mica) is found in the regions of, Koderma, Jhumeritilaiya, Barkagaon and areas around the Mandar hill. Sandy soil is, generally found in Hazaribagh and Dhanbad and black soil in Rajmahal areawhereas the, lateritic soil is found in western part of Ranchi, Palamu, and parts of Santhal Parganas and, Singhbhum., 1.3 Water Resources & Rainfall, The state receives rainfall in the range of 1200-1300 mm per year against the national, average of 1000mm. Precipitation is rather variable. Winter season precipitation is meagre, and highly variable. About 60 percent of the rainy days have rainfall below 2.5 mm. On about, 40 percent rainy days, evaporation level is more than 2.5 mm per day., Jharkhand receives rain mainly from South Western monsoon wind. Generally, this, monsoon wind hits Jharkhand in the mid of June and continues up to the month of, September. The total precipitation during these months amounts to 90-95% of the total, rainfall. July and August are the peak month of the monsoon and are the backbone of, the agriculture in Jharkhand. The table given below shows that the state receives good, amount of rainfall. However, the erratic distribution of rainfall across monsoon months, , pg. 10

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(June to September) creates drought situation in the state. Graph showing the, distribution of rainfall across months (JSAC) is given below :, The erratic rainfall of 5 years, for instance, depicts the pattern well in the graph above., During winter months the state receives winter rain (10-5% of the total rainfall). These small, rains become the deciding factors for rabi crops for many farms. The South Chhotanagpur, and Santhal Pargana Divisions receive higher rainfall whereas Palamu Division receives, lowest rainfall in the state., Despite the fact that the state has a good rainfall, the surface water availability is not, sufficient especially for agriculture due to inadequate storage facilities etc. As far as the, status of ground water is concerned, it is also in the poor state due to little recharging of, ground water by natural process and the absence of artificial recharging facilities, as a result, the water level in the plateau goes down., 1.3.1 Annual Rain fall:, Rainfall data for the catchement area has been collected from the India water portal for the, last 100 Years. It has been grouped and made arithmetic average to get the decadal average, rainfall. The normal rainfall has been assumed at 1200 mm and deviation has been calculated, based on the assumption and arithmetic average of the decadal rain fall., Extreme events related to rain fall has been measured with the deviation in the rain fall and, number of times that it has exceeded or fall short of the normal rainfall. These deviations, have been depicted in the graphs., , pg. 11

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Rainfall, Max Temp, Min Temp, , Rain Fall over last century, , 1.3.2 Deviation of rainfall:, The deviation has been measured with reference to the normal rain fall and all data has been, taken from the IMD data which is accepted country wise. It has been taken from the year, 1900 onwards., rds. In the data it can be seen that in the last 10 Decades there has been seven, decades with positive rainfall and three decades have shown negative deviation., , pg. 12

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Rain fall deviation from normal, , If we see the deviation in the last 10 years there has been absolute reversal of the pattern, patte and, out of the ten year only three years have positive deviation otherwise seven years have, negative deviation., , Rainfall Deviation ibetween 2000, 2000-2010, , 1.3.3Seasonal Rainfall:, The district receives maximum rain from the advancing north east monsoon. Through the, retreading south west monsoon, soon district also receives some rainfall. District has been mainly, mono cropped and it has only 3% area under irrigation as compared to 11% under the, catchement area. It has been not because that the district receives less rainfall but it has been, , pg. 13

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mainly because land is undulating and it causes fast runoff in the area. The variations as said, above has been also high and it causes greater run off. It has also been noticed in recent years, that number of rainy days has been shrinking as evident from the wet day, day data on the web site, of India water portal., There has been wide variation in the rainfall during the Khariff and Rabi season. It has been, put as graph and it shows that there has been decreasing rend over the last few years which, can lead to a significant decrease in the coming years. The highest rainfall in Kahriff has been, reported in the year 1990 at 1693 mm and lowest in the year 1992 at 688 mm. Number of, rainy days has decreased from 69 days /year to 63 days/year in the last decade., , Kahriff rainfall and Moving average for same, , Rainy days, , pg. 14

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1.3.4 Rainfall trend in Rabi season:, The state and district are by-enlarge, enlarge remain mono cropped, however the red lateritic soil is, good for vegetables and hence rainfall in Rabi or irrigation facilities has a great bearing on, the cultivation in Rabi season., on. Over the last few years there has been significant decrease in, rainfall. Especially after 1996 the trend has been alarming., The highest rainfall has been reported in the year 1919 at 138 mm and lowest rainfall has, been reported in the year 1999 at 37 mm. The trend has been showing that since 1992 in the, month of December there has been rarely rain while before 1992 there has been rain in the, month of December. Even in January there has been decreasing trend., , 1.3.5 Average Monthly Rainfall:, The data for the last 30 years has been collected to know the trends and deviations in the each, half of fifteen years. The data has been collected for last 50 years from the web site. The, trends have shown that there has been variation in average monthly rain, rainfall, fall and for some, decade starting from 1990 it has shown an increasing trend and then it has started showing a, decreasing trend for the district., , pg. 15

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It has implications on the agriculture production and all livelihood activities based on land, and water. Even the allied livelihood activities of fisheries and animal husbandry are bound, to be affected by the changes in the precipitation regime., , Rainfall in mm, , Average rainfall 72-86 Vs 87-01, , 72-86, 87-01, , 1.3.6 Moving Average of the Rainfall:, It can be clearly seen that there has been a decreasing trend of rain fall indicted by the, moving average line. Post 1992 there has been decline in the average rain fall. The heaviest, rain has been received in the year 1994 at 1416.47 mm and lowest rainfall has been received, in the year 1992 at 732.61 mm. Rest of the years have received lesser rainfall and it varies, with the last two year receiving approximately 850 mm rainfall which is less than the average, rain fall received by the state and the district., , pg. 16

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Rainfall and Moving average rainfall, , Rainfall, Moving average, , 1.3.7 Extreme event analysis:, As mentioned above that in the last century there has been three decades with deficit average, rainfall where as in the last decade only there has been three average rainfall year. This, indicates the absolute reversal of trends in the last decade., , Rainfall Deviation ibetween 2000, 2000-2010, , There have been consecutive droughts in the year 2001, 2001-02-03, 2005-06, 06 and 2009-10., 2009, It can, be seen that on average every third year there has been drought., , pg. 17

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1.3.8 Surface Water Resources, Considering average annual rainfall of 1200 mm, the state receives 95,652 MCM rain water annually., However, as per the Second Bihar Irrigation Commission’s Report (1994), the total availability of, water in the state of Jharkhand is 33,489 MCM, including downstream discharge from the basins., 1.3.9 Ground Water Resources, Groundwater constitutes a major and widely used resource in Jharkhand for drinking and domestic, purposes. However, it is not uniformly distributed due to the varied hydrogeology of the state. About, 20% of the available ground water is used for irrigation mainly from privately owned dug well or, shallow tube wells. District-wise ground water balance data indicate high levels of ground water, withdrawal in certain urban agglomerations where groundwater potential developed is only a tenth of, the utilizable reserves., Presently, the availability of water resource is only 287810 lakh m3, out of which 237890 lakh m3 is, from surface water and rest 49920 lakh m3 is from ground water. The total utilization of surface and, ground water in the state for irrigation purposes so far is only 47360 lakh m3, out of which 39640 lakh, m3 is surface water and 7720 lakh m3 is ground water., Today, nearly 90% of the water supplied to rural areas is from ground water sources whereas about, 30% of the water supply in the urban areas comes from ground water sources and the rest from over, ground reservoirs and rivers. In the last 25 to 30 years the villages have shifted to the utilization of, water from surface water to ground water through wells and hand pump for their domestic purposes., , Table1 : Surface Water Snapshot of Jharkhand (Surface Water Information), Average annual rainfall, , 1200 mm, , Total average annual precipitation, , 95652 MCM, , River Basin Area, , 79,262 sq. km, , Surface water availability, , 27,528 MCM, , Ground water availability, , 5,251MCM, , Surface water usage, , 6,965 MCM, , pg. 18

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The annual replenishable ground water resource in the state has been established at 5.58 BCM, (Billion Cubic Meters) and net annual ground water availability is estimated to be 5.25 BCM (Central, Ground Water Board, 2006). Altogether, the state puts to use 21% of its ground water resources., Allocation of Water- Table II, , Surface Water, , Ground Water, , Irrigation purpose, , 41%, , 89.40%, , Industry & Drinking, , 5321 MCM, , 538 MCM, , Municipal Use, , 6%, , 10.60%, , Industrial Use, , 13.76%, , Nil, , 1.4 Drainage systems and Maps, Jharkhand falls under the Chotanagpur Plateau from the North Eastern position of peninsular, plateaus of India. The entire state is drained into Bay of Bengal. Major rivers such as Son,, Damodar, Barakar, Subarnarekha, Brahmi and Baitarani and their sub drainage systems form, nine major catchments in the state. These drainage systems and catchments are depicted by, following two maps:, , pg. 19

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Demarcation of micro-catchement, catchement areas, , The state of Jharkhand has 678 sub catchment areas, which has been further divided into, 1952 mini catchment areas, eas and finally broken up into 10,439 micro catchment areas5. The, Rural Development Department has sought support from Jharkhand Space Application, Centre (JSAC) under the aegis Department of Information Technology, Government of, Jharkhand. JSAC digitized all, ll sub, sub- catchment area, mini-catchment areas and micro, microcatchment areas. These digitized maps are available for planning, review and monitoring., Each micro-catchment area has been given a unique code along with broad features of the, catchment area. Below is the map showing micro, micro- catchment areas in Jharkhand:, , 5, , The area covered under a micro -catchement, catchement area varies from 60 hectares to more than 3,000 hectares, depending on the drainage outlet of that area., , pg. 20

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JSAC has developed/ compiled information related to each of the catchement area with its code, boundaries and, other features, which are available in website (http://210.212.20.94:8081/rural_GIS/Default.aspx). SLNA and, PIAs are able to access the required maps, etc. for various purposes. A sample of coding of catchement area is, shown in the following picture:, , pg. 21

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Drought is a situation whereby the shortfall in the precipitation from monsoon becomes more, than 15% of the normal. The state receives an average annual rainfall of 1,200 mm. Rainfall, is concentrated during the four monsoon months from June through September. Over 80% of, the rain is received, eived in the state during this period. Further, the quantum and distribution of, rainfall have a profound impact on the overwhelmingly rain, rain-fed, fed farming system. High, variability of monsoon rains, low moisture holding capacity of soils, absence of developed, aquifers, quifers due to the hard rock substrate and high run-off, run off due to the undulating terrain make, agriculture fraught with high risks6. Even in years of normal monsoons with overall rainfall, around the long-term, term average, farmers are often faced with the spectre of, of total crop failure, due to long dry spells at critical junctures (such as Hathia rain failure)) in the crop cycle, during the wet season when almost 90% of the crops are cultivated. This phenomenon is, observed almost regularly once in every 3 years., , 6, , As per the categorization by Indian Meteorological Department, Jharkhand figures in the "drought corridor” of, the country, which also includes Rajasthan, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh (drought prone districts of Rayalaseema, and Telengana regions), West Uttar Pradesh,, adesh, Madhya Pradesh (including Chhatisgarh), Bihar and parts of West, Bengal adjoining Jharkhand., , pg. 23

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1.5.1 The Subarnrekha River:, The word “Subarnarekha” literally means “streak of gold.” It is a combination of two, words; “Subarna” meaning gold and “rekha” meaning line or streak in Indian languages., Traditionally, it is believed that gold was mined at a village named Piska near the origin of, the river. This was the reason for the river being named as Subarnarekha. It has been known, that gold particles were found in the Subarnarekha River bed sediments at ancient time. At, some places, even today people are searching for the gold particles in the sandy beds of the, river. As the tributaries of Subarnarekha flow over gold-bearing rocks of the Panch Pargana, plain, they pick up particles of gold from the auriferous rocks for deposition in the bed of, Subarnarekha. Still, it carries grains of the glittering metal which is often panned from its, sandy bed by the local residents along the middle reaches of the river., The Subarnarekha is a rain-fed river and ranked as the smallest river basin among fourteen, major river basins of India. The Subarnarekha River originates near Nagri village (23° 18′, 02″N and 85° 11′ 04″E) in the Ranchi district and runs through some major cities and towns,, i.e., Jamshedpur, Chaibasa, Ranchi, Bhadrak before joining to the Bay of Bengal near, Kirtania port (21° 33′ 18″N and 87° 23′ 31″E) in Orissa. The catchment area of the, Subarnarekha River basin extends over 19,296 km2 and accounts for 0.6% of the, geographical area of India (Roy et al. 2013). The total annual yield of water flowing within, the basins is in the order of 7940 million m3. The Subarnarekha River basin is bounded by, north latitudes of 21° 33′ to 23°32′ and east longitudes of 85° 09′ to 87° 27′ and flows in the, north-east corner of the Peninsular India (Fig. 1). Chota Nagpur plateau bounded the, Subarnarekha River basin from the north-west side, while it is restricted by the Brahmani, River basin in the south-west, Burhabalang River basin in the south, and by the Bay of, Bengal in the south-east side. The Subarnarekha flows through Ranchi, Saraikela, and east, Singhbhum districts of Jharkhand, west Midnapore district of West Bengal, and Balasore, district of Orissa. It flows a distance of about 395 km from its origin before falling into the, Bay of Bengal. Out of the total travel distance of 395 km, river flows 269 km in Jharkhand,, 64 km in West Bengal, and 62 km in Orissa (CBPCWP 1986; Giri and Singh 2014a)., Subarnarekha is a very important river to satisfy the irrigation, industrial, and municipal, water demands of these three states. The state-wise distribution of the catchment area and its, percentage in respect to the total river basin drainage area are given in Table 1., , pg. 24

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State Wise Distribution of Catchment Area, Table III, Sl. No., , Name of the State, , Catchment, , Area Percentage, , (Km2), 1, , Jharkhand, , 13,193, , 68.4, , 2, , Orrisa, , 3,114, , 16.1, , 3, , West Bengal, , 2,989, , 15.5, , Total, , 19,296, , 100, , 1.5.2 River Nalkari The Nalkari, a tributary of the Damodar river that flows through the eastern states of, Jharkhand and West Bengal. Around 7 kilometre from Patratu in Jharkhand, the Nalkari, , pg. 25

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carries huge quantities of oil and ash, discharged by the Patratu Thermal Power Station, (PTPS)., The Patratu dam was built to store the fresh water of the Nalkari river, so that the PTPS can, run. The effluents discharged from the plant are being thrown in the river, which is not only, poisoning the Nalkari but also, the Damodar river, which it meets downstream., 1.5.3 Garga RiverThe Garga,( 46.51km) a tributary of river Damodar that originates from Kasmar and flows through, Bermo and Chas., , Origin – Near Kasmar Village 'Kalaundi Baandh, Jharkhand, Total Length – 46.51km Garga flows through Bermo and Chas and discharge into Damodar, River near Telmuchu Bridge., It faces direct discharge of drain water of Chas Municipal Corporation areas and Bokaro Steel, City residential colonies., State government to remove illegal hutments along the banks of Garga, especially in Chira, Chas locality, and set up a wastewater (sewage) treatment plants so that toxic water is not, discharged into the river., We would also suggest Chas Municipal Corporation to construct soak pits for houses near the, riverbed so that direct discharge of sewage into the river can be prevented, The NGO functionary added that soil and sand were being illegally extracted from Garga, banks that would cause long-term ecological damage., 1.5.4 River Sankh -, , The Sankh River flows across Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha states in India. The river, flows for 240 kilometres before it meets the Koel River in Odisha. The river starts 1,000, metres (3,300 ft) above MSL in Lupungpat village in Gumla district in Jharkhand and flows, 67.5 kilometres in the state before entering Chhattisgarh. The river finally enters Odisha and, travels another 45 kilometres (28 mi) before merging with the Koel. [1] The South Koel enters, Orissa and joins the Sarnkh River at Vedavyas near Rourkela from where it is known as, Brahmani., 1.5.5 River JumarThe accumulated discharge of river Subarnarekha and its major tributary river Jumar get, stored in the Getalsut reservoir. River umar, Potpoto, Harmu and other tributaries of, Swarnrekha River flow through the urbanized area of Ranchi Urban Area., , pg. 26

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1.5.6River KonarThe Konar originates near Sultana village on the Hazaribagh-Chatra Road. River Konar with, its tributary Siwani drains a greater portion of the Hazaribagh plateau and descending through, the barren wastes of scrub and jungle passes Gomia to receive the waters of the Bokaro, River, shortly before it joins the Damodar River near Jaridih Bazar in Bokaro district. Konar, Dam is the second of the four multi-purpose dams included in the first phase of the Damodar, Valley Corporation. It was constructed across the Konar River and reservoir covers an area of, 27.92 square kilometres (10.78 sq mi).The Konar earth and concrete dam has a catchment, area of 997 square kilometres (385 sq mi). There is a barrage across the Konar River at the, point of its confluence with the Bokaro River to serve Bokaro Thermal Power Station. Konar, Dam is located at Banaso at a distance of 50 km from Hazaribagh on the Vishnugarh –, Bokaro Main Road., 1.5.7 River Damodar, The Damodar River is one of the most important rivers in eastern India. It lies on the Chota, Nagpur Plateau in the state of Jharkhand. The river runs according to an easterly itinerary for, a stretch of around 592 km, traversing Jharkhand and West Bengal to the estuary of the, Hooghly River., The tributaries and sub-tributaries of the Damodar include:, ⮚, , Konar, , ⮚, , Barakar, , ⮚, , Haharo, , ⮚, , Bokaro, , ⮚, , Ghari, , ⮚, , Jamunia, , ⮚, , Khadia, , ⮚, , Guaia, , ⮚, , Bhera, , At present, Damodar is one of the most contaminated rivers in India due to the various, industries that have mushroomed on its riverbanks. There are number of coal-oriented, , pg. 27

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industries that are scattered over the Damodar basin. Majority of them are government-owned, coke oven plants, coal washeries, iron & steel plants, glass, zinc and cement plants and, thermal power plants., In addition, there are number of towns situated on the banks of the river. As narrated earlier,, Dhanbad, Ramgarh and Phusro are the important towns within Jharkhand state. While the, industrial units are controlling their discharges by adopting suitable treatment methods, there, is no treatment given to the domestic sewage being discharged into the river., Data from Jharkhand State Pollution Board was studied, which clearly indicates that the, liquid discharge from industries into the river is within the prescribed norms. This means, untreated sewage discharge is the main cause of pollution of Damodar water, although further, confirmatory investigation may be required to corroborate the fact and the level of pollution, in the river., 1.6 Water Quality Goals as per the existing provisions or guidelines/, , specifications of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), It is an important aspect for revival of River Subrnarekha, Nalkari, Garga, Shank, Damodar,, Jumar & Konar in context of their utility as streams are perennial rivers. The ultimate goal for, beneficial use of river will determine the level of actions to be taken for maintaining the, water quality. Under the present circumstances, it appears that River Subrnarekha, Nalkari,, Garga, Shank, Damodar, Jumar & Konar may serve the purpose of outdoor bathing, (organized) and for meet the outdoor bathing standards. The industrial effluents generated, from various industries in the catchment of River Subrnarekha, Nalkari, Garga, Shank,, Damodar, Jumar & Konar, which are ultimately falling and contributing to the pollution load, of the rivers shall be treated to meet the effluent discharge standards stipulated under, Schedule-VI of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 which is given as Annexure-I. The, river water quality for outdoor bathing (organized) requires more stringent conditions and, river water quality has to maintain adequate Dissolved Oxygen (DO) content. Suggested, criteria for outdoor bathing (organized) for River River Subrnarekha, Nalkari, Garga, Shank,, Damodar, Jumar & Konar are given in the following Table - IV., , pg. 28

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Table IV:Sl. No., , Parameters, , Class ‘B’ Water Quality Criteria for, Outdoor Bathing (Organized), , 1., , Ph, , 6.5 to 8.5, , 2., , Dissolved Oxygen (DO), , 5 mg/l or less, , 3., , Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 3 mg/l or less, days, 200 C), , 4., , Faecal Coliforms Organism, , 500 or less (MPN/100 ml), , 1.7 River Course and Major Tributaries, The River Subarnarekha is originated near the Nagri village, at a distance of about 15 km, south-west of Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand (Fig. 2a). On the Ranchi plateau, the river, lazily winds its way for 60 km till its water plunge down a 74-m-high cliff, creating a scenic, waterfall known as Hundru Fall (Fig. 2b). The river thereafter flows through a 25-km-longdeep gorge till it emerges out of the Ranchi plateau and debouches on the flatter piedmont, plain of Panch Pargana. By now, the river swells fairly big, some 500 m wide. After having, travelled through a course of 145 km over the Panch Pargana plain, the river cuts through a, narrow defile across the volcanic lavas of Dalma range. After emerging from the range, the, river sweeps through a fairly wide floor of the Dhalbhum valley for another 150 km till it, finally leaves the rocky granitic terrain of Jharkhand and takes to a more meandering course, on the unconsolidated alluvial material in the Medinipur district of West Bengal and Balasore, district of Orissa (CBPCWP 1986; Jain et al. 2007). After several turns, the river eventually, empties its enormous volume of water along with its rather heavy silt load into the shallow, shelf of the Bay of Bengal at Kirtania near Talsari (Fig. 2)., , pg. 29

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Fig. (2) a- The origin place of the Subarnarekha River at Nagri village, b- Subarnarekha, plunge down a 74 m high cliff at Hundru (Hundru Fall), c- the river near mouth at Kirtania,, d- confluence of Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers at Sonari near Jamshedpur, Table V: - Major Tributaries of Subarnrekha River, , The Subarnarekha has an asymmetrical catchment basin; the right, right-bank, bank tributaries draining, more than three-fourths, fourths of the total basin area, whereas the left, left-bank, bank tributaries drain hardly, one-fourth, fourth of the basin. On the right bank, there are four major tribu, tributaries,, taries, the Raru, the, Kanchi, the Karkari, and the Kharkai, draining between them nearly half of the Subarnarekha, basin, covering around 9050 km2 area, while on the left side there is only one sizable stream,, namely the Dulung, which drains an area of some 1173 km2 (Table 2). The Kharkai is the, largest tributary of the Subarnarekha originated on the slopes of the Simlipal massif in, Mayurbhanj district and contributing nearly 45% of the total annual flow of the Subarnarekha, River. It drains a catchment area of 5825 km2 and flows through a course of 145 km before, joining Subarnarekha at Sonari near Jamshedpur town (Fig. 2d). The Kharkai is also a gold, goldbearing river, some of its tributaries like the Sanjai, Sona Sanhua, and the Bonai are known to, have placer gold in their beds., , pg. 30

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1.8 Socio-Economic, Economic Importance, 1.8.1, .1 Water Resource and Its Uses, Since the basin is located in the moderately heavy rainfall area of Peninsular India,, especially along the belt of storm tracks originating in the Bay of Bengal, it receives, re, a, substantial quantity of rainwater (about 28,609 million cubic meters) every year (CBPCWP, 1986). About 82% of the total annual flow actually occurs over only four wet months (June, (June–, September), while in the remaining part of the year, the Subarnarekha, Subarnarekha River and its tributaries, run almost dry. If the total annual flow is taken into consideration, the mean discharge of the, river would come around 250 m3/s. At places, especially in the upper and the middle reaches,, the river flow during the dry period be, becomes, comes sluggish, and it behaves like a stagnant pool of, water, often highly charged with pollutants. The Subarnarekha and its tributaries are, sustaining a large population of Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Orissa and form the main, sources of urban water supply.. The water resources of the Subarnarekha River basin are, summarized in Table VI., Table VI: - Water Resource Potential of Subarnarekha River Basin, , Table VII:- Land use Pattern of Subarnarekha River Basin, , pg. 31

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Though Subarnarekha basin is rich in mineral and mineral-based industries, it is still, dominated by its agrarian economy. Agriculture, as an economic activity, has not yet been, properly developed within the Subarnarekha basin, and necessary inputs including irrigation, facilities are still rather inadequate. About 62% of the basin area is classified as cultivable,, and nearly 31% is devoted to forests. The forests within the basin are in poor state of, maintenance and required rigorous protective measures. The net sown area occupies 40% of, the basin, while 22% is left unused as fallow land or as cultivable waste (Table 4)., The Subarnarekha River basin presents a classic example of conflict among competing uses, of water both sectorally and across regions. The river water has been used by different, agencies for different purposes. It is used by industry as a direct process input and as a, disposal agent for the dilution of effluents; by agriculturists for irrigation; and by household, sector for drinking and other domestic uses (Jain et al. 2007). A number of irrigation and, multipurpose projects were initiated to fulfill the water and energy demand of the eastern, region. This includes Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project, an inter-state project in Jharkhand,, West Bengal, and Orissa; Kanchi Irrigation Schemes, and ten Medium Irrigation Projects of, Jharkhand. The main objectives of the Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project (SMP) are (i) to, provide reliable water supply to agricultural lands in Jharkhand, Orissa, and West Bengal, (ii), to supply 740 million m3 water per year for municipal and industrial uses in Jharkhand, (iii), to reduce flood damage in Orissa and West Bengal by constructing 463 million m3 floodstorage capacity dam at Chandil, (iv) to construct embankments by Orissa and West Bengal, governments in their respective territories along the flooding reaches of the river, and (v) to, generate 30 MW of hydroelectric power through medium, mini-, and micro-hydroelectric, projects located at various points of the canal system., The Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project was initiated in 1982–83 with the objective of, irrigation, hydropower generation, and water supply. However, the feasibility and economic, viability of the project have decreased due to the attempts to implement all project, components simultaneously and the consequent delays. This Multipurpose Project envisaged, the construction of two dams, one at Chandil across the Subarnarekha and the other across the, Kharkai at Icha near Chaibasa, two barrages at Galudih across the Subarnarekha and the other, across the Kharkai at Ganjia near Adityapur and a network of canals from these. Three small, storage reservoirs at Haldia, Jambhira, and Baura and a network of canals from these, reservoirs are also proposed in Orissa. However, the construction work of Chandil dam and, , pg. 32

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Galudih, ih barrage is only completed, while all other components are either delayed or still, incomplete., A multipurpose reservoir is constructed across the Subarnarekha River at Getalsud (23° 27, 27′N, and 85° 33′E),, ′E), about 40 km east of Ranchi city in 1971 to meet municipal, municipal water demands of, Ranchi town, industrial needs of the Heavy Engineering Corporation (HEC), and other, industrial units of the adjoining areas. Getalsud dam has a catchment area of 717 km2, dam, height of 35.5 m, and water storage capacity of 288.5 Mm3. Two powerhouses of 65 MW, capacities each have been also commissioned near to dam site. Both the powerhouses have, one unit of 65 MW each (Jain et al. 2007). Some of the major water storage/diversion, structures of river basin are summarized in Table VIII., Table VIII: - Water Storage/Diversion Structure of Subarnarekha River Basin, , 1.8.2, .2 Mining and Industrial Activities, The upper part of Subarnarekha basin harbors some extensive mineral deposits, and thus, a, number of industries have been established along the banks of the river. The mineral, resources of Subarnarekha basin are mainly comprises of ores of Cu, Fe, U, Cr, Au,, Au V,, industrial minerals including kyanite, asbestos, barytes, apatite, china clay, talc, limestone,, dolomite, and building stones (Giri et al. 2013). All these have been exploited for various, purposes, some on large scale and some on small scale. The arc, arc-shaped, shaped Singhbhum copper, belt between Mayurbhanj and Singhbhum districts at the right bank of the Subarnarekha, ranked as the one of the richest copper, copper-bearing, bearing horizons of India. Rakha, Mushabani, and, , pg. 33

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Surda were historically important centers for the copper mining in this region. Subarnarekha, also has to bear country’s richest uranium deposits, and mining activities are taking place, near Jaduguda areas of Singhbhum district by the Uranium Corporation of India (UCIL)., Jaduguda, Turamdih, Batin, and Narwapahar are the major centers of productive uranium, mines., Deposits of chromite associated with ultramafic intrusive rocks were reported in the Chaibasa, region of Jharkhand. Iron ore deposits occur at Gorumahisani, Badampahar, and Sulaipat, areas. There are several deposits of kyanite occur in the Subarnarekha River basin including, India’s richest deposits at Lapsa Buru. The basin studded with numerous small quarries for, building stones and road metals. Slabs of dolerite, Singhbhum granites, Kolhan limestone and, sandstone, and Chota Nagpur granite–gneiss are extensively used in building and road, constructions., The Subarnarekha River passes through an industrial rich belt of Jharkhand and Orissa. There, are four major industrial areas occur along the bank of the Subarnarekha: (i) Ranchi–Hatia, industrial area, (ii) alumina processing plant at Muri, (iii) the iron and steel plant and, industrial complex at Jamshedpur, and (iv) Jaduguda–Ghatsila mining and industrial, complex. Heavy Engineering Corporation (HEC), Usha Martin Industries, MECON, Steel, Authority of India (SAIL), Indian Aluminum Industries, Tata Steel, TELCO, Indian Tube, Company, Tin Plate (of India), Tata Pigments, Hindustan Copper Ltd., and Uranium, Corporation of India are the major existing industrial units in the basin. Other important, small- and medium-sized industries in the basin are tobacco products in Chakradharpur;, cement, asbestos sheets, glass, and ceramics at Chaibasa; locomotives and coaches,, automobiles, agricultural equipments, wires and cables, iron and steel machinery, metal tubes, and conduits, copper and brass, chemicals and caustics, fertilizers, and soaps are the other, industries exist at Jamshedpur. Studies have indicated that the water quality of Subarnarekha, River has deteriorated mainly due to discharge of untreated, domestic and industrial, and, mining effluents at various river stretches (CBPCWP 1986)., 1.8.3 Natural and Anthropogenic Hazards, The river “Subarnarekha” is the lifeline for tribal communities inhabiting the Chota Nagpur, region and the people of the north Orissa. It does not merely represent a river but means a lot, more than that for this region. However, it has also become the death line when it submerges, , pg. 34

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major areas of Balasore such as Bhogarai, Baliapal, Basta, Jaleswar blocks, and some parts of, Rasgovindpur block of Mayurbhanj every year during rainy season, causing large-scale, devastation in the villages situated on both sides of the river. Every year, people suffer from, the same problem; the only change is in the intensity of the flood. Annual average rainfall in, the basin is in the order of 1250 mm with the maximum and minimum rainfall recorded as, 1420 and 1150 mm, respectively. Out of this, about 90% of this rainfall is recorded during the, south-west monsoon season, i.e., June–October (Jain et al. 2007). The water level of the, Subarnarekha rose beyond its danger line due to heavy rain in July 2007, and it crossed the, previous highest flood level (HFL) of 12.2 m recorded in 1997. Flash floods due to heavy, rainfall in the upper catchment areas were also recorded in the Subarnarekha River in year, 1973, 1974, 1977, 1978, and 2009 (Maiti et al. 2009). The floods were devastating in nature;, it took many lives and submerging thousands of houses and destroyed thousands of hectare, kharif crops. Severe deforestation, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and severe soil, degradation in the upper catchment of the Subarnarekha basin were the main causes for such, ecological disaster., Throughout the Subarnarekha basin, the soil mantle has been subjected to heavy erosion, and, the topsoil is liable to be washed down the river if adequate protection is not provided, immediately. Erosion control and soil conservation in the upper catchment are therefore, essential for sustainable agricultural development and conservation of the water resources of, the Subarnarekha basin. Certain parts of Jumar sub-basin have also been severely affected by, gully erosion. There is great fluctuation between the wet season and dry season flows if the, total annual flow is taken into account. The fact is that the entire amount of annual flow is, actually spread over the four wet months (June–September). During the flood stage, the, Subarnarekha turns into a large, turbulent stream of highly turbid water and is charged with, sediments of yellow ochre color. The silt load during the rainy season is very high, indicative, of heavy soil erosion, especially in the upper catchment zone. While floods occur frequently, in the wet season, during the rest eight months, the flow in the Subarnarekha drops down to a, mere trickle, leaving the river as a series of fordable pools of water almost throughout its, length, barring the tidal and lower estuarine stretch of the course., Subarnarekha’s rich natural resource base has proved to be disastrous for the basin. Largescale environmental degradation of the basin owes to the unplanned and unregulated mining, and mineral processing industries. Unscientific mining practices and unplanned dumping of, wastes and mining tailing create many environmental problems in the region. The erosion and, , pg. 35

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transportation of wastes from exposed dumps and mining tailing during the monsoon seasons, increase suspended solids and heavy metal loads in the river water and caused siltation in the, dams and reservoirs. Mining of construction and building materials, such as granite, basalt,, quartzite, dolerite, sandstone, limestone, dolomite, gravels, and river sands, has created many, environmental problems and created vast stretches of wasteland in the river basin. The copper, mining around Ghatsila and Mosabani has degraded the water quality to a large extent, and in, many places, concentration of toxic metals was observed above the prescribed limits. There is, also apprehension about water contamination due to seepage of radioactive waste from tailing, ponds of the Uranium Corporation of India near Jaduguda areas. Radioactive pollution is a, serious health hazard in the water bodies of the region which necessities precautions to be, taken., The mine tailing and dumps of injurious minerals must be carefully monitored for assessing, their possible impact on the environment in the Subarnarekha basin. Besides mining, the, other factors responsible for pollution in the river are considerable amount of domestic and, industrial wastewater generated from the towns which is discharged into the river. For, mitigating pollution, proper remedial measures should be adapted in the towns and the, industrial units responsible for polluting the surface water and groundwater systems. The, locations around Tatisilwai, Muri, Ghatsila, Mosabani, and Jamshedpur indicate severe, pollution in the Subarnarekha River (Giri and Singh 2014b). The need of stringent control of, the quality of the industrial, mining, and domestic wastewater effluents discharged into the, river is utmost important because the total volume of water flows in the river on the whole is, on the lower side, especially during the dry season. During the long dry period, the, Subarnarekha turns into stagnant brook, and at many places, it losses pollutants diluting, capability and totally incapable of washing down the pollutants discharged into it from the, urban and industrial centers such as Hatia, Ranchi, Muri, Jamshedpur, Jaduguda, and, Ghatsila. The surface water quality in the greater part of the Subarnarekha River is graded as, classes D and E on the basis of laboratory measurements of the constituents (CBPCWP, 1986). Up gradation of the existing river water quality requires an appropriate treatment. It, would be necessary to take up a well-planned pollution control action program not only at, different towns and industries, but throughout the basin., , pg. 36

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1.8.4 Identified stretches for reducing pollution- Table IX, The different identified stretches for reducing pollution are, RIVER, , STRETCH, , SAMPLING POINT, , PROBABLE SOURCE, OF POLLUTION, , Garga, , Along Talmuchu, , Near Talmuchu Bridge,, , Discharge from BSL colony, , Bokaro, , and industrial area, Sewage, from Chas Municipal, corporation, Effluent discharge, from Bokaro Dairy, Sewage, from Chira Chas Colony,, Agricultural Run off, , Sankh, , Kongserabasar, , At Bolwa, Simdega, , To Bolba, , Stone Mining , Brick kilns,, Sewage Discharge,, Agricultural Run off, , Subarnarekha, , Hatia Dam To, , 1) Hatia Dam,, , 1) Effluent Discharge from, , Jamshedpur, , 2) Namkum Bridge,, , Rice Mills, HEC,, , 3) Tatisilway,, , 2) Effluent Discharge from, , 4) Getalsudh Dam,, , Tipudana Industrial area and, , 5) Muri Road Bridge,, , Sewage Discharge from Hatia, , 6) Chandil dam,, , Urban area and RMC., , 7) Chandail Road Bridge,, , 3)Tatisilway Industrial area, , 8) JSR(Upstream),, , and Agricultural Run off, , 9) JSR(Downstream), , 4)Agricultural Run off, 5) Sewage Discharge from, Railway colony, 6) Agricultural Run off, 7)Domestic Sewage and, Agricultural run off, 8) JSR Industrial effluent, discharge and Jamshedpur, notified area committee, 9)Industrial area effluent, discharge and Domestic, , pg. 37

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Chapter-2, Vision Mission and Strategy for Rivers of Jharkhand, 2.0 Vision statement of Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board: Jharkhand State, Pollution Control Board aims at taking Jharkhand through the path of sustainable, development, equitable opportunities and appropriate governance by rigorous implementation, of environmental laws; by being pro-active in preventing and mitigating pollution; by, committing to the tenants of good governance; by enhancing involvement of all; and by, promoting self regulation and self certification among stake holders., 2.1 Vision statement for clean rivers in Jharkhand: Vision statement for Clean Rivers in, Jharkhand can be stated as – To achieve clean rivers, with safe drinking water to all its, inhabitants for sustaining and nourishing life and efficient use of water in irrigation using, micro-irrigation techniques and in industry by using water efficient technologies with, mandatory provision for treatment of waste water and reuse it for other purposes except for, drinking., 2.2 Mission statement for clean rivers:, 2.2.1 To prepare and implement a comprehensive action plan for clean Rivers-:, Build holistic awareness among people, companies, farmers and other water users for, importance of rivers in identified patches with people centered monitoring mechanisms and, mitigating adverse impact of water pollution on health of people living in the different river, basin., 2.2.2 Strategy for clean rivers:, To achieve mission for clean rivers steps that will be necessary have been identified by, the JSPCB and has been communicated with the concerns for actions. This has been jointly, developed by the JSPCB and the different stakeholders in the chain. It has been done by, convening meetings and workshops for sharing the idea and then collating it for joint action, with defined timelines and expected results. The strategic steps are followings-, , pg. 39

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, , Identification of stake holders, , , , Community in the river basin and especially in the polluted stretches:, Communities in the river stretches are mostly rural communities mixed with a, cosmopolitan community in the industrialized belts. Approximately 79 villages along, with suburban areas falls in the catchment of the proposed river stretch. The villages', houses close to 7663 families with a population size of 40071., , , , Companies in the identified locations: Companies in the catchment area includes, USHA Martin limited, Waxpol, HEC, Tipudana industrial area, Tata steel, Adhunik, group of companies, Tayo, Tata Maintenance and others., , , , Municipal corporations in the identified stretches: There are two municipal, corporations in the catchment area of the river – Ranchi Municipal Corporation and, Jamshedpur Municipal Corporation., , , , Community and private health care centers: As such there are no health care facilities, on the banks of the river which disposes medical waste in the river., , , , Main line departments like water resources, Agriculture, industries, Panchayati raj,, Rural development and others., , , , Nodal department, , , , Convergence and Integration of departmental plans: The district level monitoring, committee will be responsible for convergence and dove tailing of the programmes, from different departments., , , , Monitoring of the action plans executed on regular intervals> it will be done by the, district level monitoring committee headed by District Collector., , pg. 40

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Chapter-3, Current Status and Trends of Water Quality in Jharkhand Rivers, 3.0 Identification of monitoring locations, The water quality of river Swarnrekha, Damodar, Konar, Nalkari, Garga, Sankh and Jumar, are being monitored at 5 to 7 locations, on monthly basis under National Water Quality, monitoring Programme (NWMP) and it will be monitored across all types of polluting, sources like Industrial, domestic and agriculture pollution such as: Effluent Discharge from Rice Mills,  Sewage Discharge from Urban area,  Agricultural Run off,  Sewage Discharge from Railway colonies etc.,  Domestic Sewage,  Colliery Effluent Discharge, , 3.1, , Central pollution control board's norms for designated best use :-, , Central pollution control board has set certain norms for classifying water quality based on, the 8 defined para meters and these has been the guiding lines for setting up standards for, cleaning river water qualities., Table: - X, Sl. No., , Constituent, Parameters, , Designated best uses classes, A, , B, , C, , D, , E, , BELOW, E, , 1, , Total Coliforms, , 50, , 500, , 5000, , -, , -, , Organism,, MPN/100ml, Max, 2, 3, , 4, , pH value, Dissolved Oxygen,, , Not, 6.5 to, , 6.5 to, , 8.5, , 8.5, , 6, , 5, , 6 to 9, 4, , 6.5 to, , 6.5 to, , meeting, , 8.5, , 8.5, , A, B, C,, , 4, , D, , mg/l,, , &E, , Min, , criteria, , Biochemical Oxygen, , 2, , 3, , 3, , Demand, mg/l, 5 days, , pg. 41

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20C,, Max, 5, , Free Ammonia (as N), , 1.2, , mg/l, Max, 6, , Sodium absorption, , 26, , Ratio,, Max, 7, , Electrical, , 2250, , Conductivity at, 25C micro mhos/cm,, Max, 8, , Boron, mg/l, Max, , 2, , Note:, Class A: Drinking Water Source without conventional treatment but after disinfection, Class B: Outdoor bathing (Organized), Class C: Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection, Class D: Propagation of Wild life and Fisheries, Class E: Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, Controlled Waste disposal., , pg. 42

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3.1.1Analysis report of Subarnarekha river basin under NWMP of Nov., 2018:Table: - XI, Lab, Ref. No., , Name, , of, , the, , Date/time, , Station, , sampling, , of sample, , Code, , point., , collected, , Temp, , T.H, , A/W in, , PH, , D.O., , BOD, , COD, , o, , Value, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , 18/15, , 7.4, , 7.2, , 3.3, , 60, , 110, , 28.8, , 20/15, , 6.5, , 5.6, , 3.2, , 64, , 110, , 24/18, , 6.8, , 8, , 2.6, , 52, , 20/13, , 7.3, , 8.3, , 1.9, , 18/16, , 7.5, , 8.2, , 2.7, , C, , T.C, , F.C., , MPN, , MPN, , 100, , 100, , Ca++, , Mg++, , Cl-, , Alk, , Acidity, , T.S., , TSS, , TDS, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , mg/lt, , 9.272, , 14, , 70, , 6, , 440, , 40, , 400, , 750, , 140, , 28.8, , 9.272, , 14, , 70, , 6, , 370, , 40, , 330, , 930, , 150, , 108, , 19.2, , 16.64, , 16, , 72, , 6, , 430, , 44, , 386, , 750, , 140, , 40, , 112, , 30.4, , 8.784, , 14, , 68, , 6, , 332, , 32, , 300, , 930, , 150, , 52, , 110, , 28.8, , 9.272, , 14, , 76, , 6, , 358, , 50, , 308, , 930, , 150, , mg/, lt, , No., 503/18, 23, , Swarnrekha, river,, At.- Tatisilwai, , 28.12.2018, 3.20 PM, , Swarnrekha, 500/18, , river,, , 28.12.2018, , 2385, , Namkum Road, , 1.05 PM, , Bridge, Swarnrekha, 474/18, , river,, , 2386, , At.-, , 12.12.2018, Mardu, , 11.35 AM, , Village, 496/18, 2395, , Hatia Dam, , 28.12.2018, 8.40 AM, , Swarnrekha, 505/18, , river,, , 28.12.2018, , 2397, , At. - Getalsud, , 4.30 PM, , Dam, , pg. 43

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449/18, 23, , Swarnrekha, river,, At.- Tatisilwai, , 22.11.2018, 2.38 PM, , 26/22, , 7.6, , 5.5, , 3.1, , 60, , 108, , 19.2, , 16.64, , 16, , 72, , 6, , 438, , 40, , 398, , 930, , 150, , 26/22, , 6.5, , 5.3, , 3.4, , 64, , 112, , 30.4, , 8.784, , 16, , 72, , 6, , 368, , 38, , 330, , 750, , 140, , 23/18, , 7.5, , 7.9, , 2.6, , 48, , 110, , 28.8, , 9.272, , 14, , 74, , 6, , 432, , 46, , 386, , 930, , 150, , 25/21, , 7.4, , 8.5, , 2.5, , 44, , 114, , 36, , 5.856, , 16, , 70, , 6, , 330, , 32, , 298, , 750, , 140, , 24/20, , 7.5, , 8, , 2.7, , 48, , 114, , 36, , 5.856, , 16, , 78, , 6, , 360, , 52, , 308, , 750, , 140, , Swarnrekha, 446/18, , river,, , 22.11.2018, , 2385, , Namkum Road, , 10.35 AM, , Bridge, Swarnrekha, 466/18, , river,, , 2386, , At.-, , 28.11.2018, Mardu, , 11.20 AM, , Village, 444/18, 2395, , Hatia Dam, , 22.11.2018, 8.35 AM, , Swarnrekha, 453/18, , river,, , 22.11.2018, , 2397, , At. - Getalsund, , 4.50 PM, , Dam, , Current status of quality of water in River Subarnarekha: - From the above table which shows results along different indicators shows that, water quality is improving on all parameters and hence it can be said that in the coming times it will further improve., , pg. 44

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Water quality data as per designated best use excluding rainy season for Subarnarekha, Sankh, Damodar, Garga, Nalkari, Konar,, Jumar Rivers at some mentioned sampling stations, (August To October), Designated best, , Parameters, , Sl., , sampling, , No, , station, , 1, , 2, , 3, , 4, , use, , 2017-, , 2018, , 2017, , 2018-, , 2017- 2018- 2017- 2018- 2017- 2018-, , 2017, , 18, , -19, , -18, , 19, , 18, , -18, , pH, , 19, , 18, , 19, , 18, , 19, , D.O, , B.O.D, , T.C, , F.C, , (mg/l), , (mg/l), , (MPN/100ml, , (MPN/100ml), , 2018-19, class, , Swarnrekha, , Maximum, , 7.5, , 6.8, , 7.0, , 7.0, , 3.1, , 3.1, , 930, , 930, , 210, , 150, , D, , D, , river,, , Minimum, , 6.8, , 6.5, , 5.6, , 6.8, , 3.0, , 3.0, , 750, , 750, , 140, , 140, , C, , C, , at Tatisilwai, , Average, , 7.15, , 6.65, , 6.3, , 6.9, , 3.05, , 3.05, , 840, , 840, , 175, , 145, , D, , D, , Maximum, Minimum, , 7.5, 7.2, , 7.6, 7.4, , 7.5, 6.9, , 7.5, 7.2, , 2.6, 2.0, , 2.5, 2.0, , -, , -, , -, , -, , C, C, , C, C, , Average, , 7.4, , 7.5, , 7.2, , 7.4, , 2.3, , 2.3, , -, , -, , -, , -, , C, , C, , U/S Bolba on Maximum, , 7.5, , 7.5, , 8.6, , 8.5, , 2.1, , 2.2, , 930, , 930, , 210, , 150, , B, , B, , Sankh River, , Minimum, , 7.3, , 7.3, , 7.4, , 8.4, , 2.0, , 2.1, , 750, , 750, , 140, , 140, , B, , B, , Average, , 7.4, , 7.35, , 8.0, , 8.45, , 2.05, , 2.15, , 840, , 840, , 175, , 145, , B, , B, , Maximum., Minimum, , 7.5, 6.4, , 7.5, 6.3, , 7.0, 6.2, , 7.2, 5.8, , 5.4, 4.1, , 4.6, 4.2, , -, , -, , -, , -, , C, C, , C, C, , Average, , 6.6, , 6.9, , 6.6, , 6.4, , 4.8, , 4.4, , -, , -, , -, , -, , C, , C, , Damodar at, Phusro Road, Bridge, , Garga River, Near, Telmucho, Bridge, , pg. 45

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5, , Jumar River at, BIT Meshra, , 6, , Nalkari, Tributari at, Patratu,, Ramgarh, , 7, , Konar River at, Konar Dam,, Hazaribagh, , Maximum., Minimum, Average., , 7.8, 6.6, 7.2, , 6.8, 6.5, 6.65, , 6.8, 6.0, 6.4, , 7.1, 5.9, 6.5, , 2.6, 2.5, 2.55, , 2.7, 2.6, 2.65, , 1500, 1200, 1350, , 930, 750, 840, , 210, 150, 180, , 150, 140, 145, , B, B, B, , B, B, B, , Maximum., , 7.4, , 7.5, , 4.8, , 8.4, , 3.8, , 3.7, , -, , -, , -, , -, , -, , -, , Minimum, Average., Maximum, Minimum, Average, , 6.7, 7.2, 7.4, 6.4, 7.22, , 6.6, 7.15, 7.8, 6.7, 7.32, , 3.0, 7.04, 8.6, 7.2, 7.78, , 2.9, 4.03, 8.7, 7.1, 7.80, , 2.1, 2.95, 2.6, 1.2, 1.82, , 2.5, 3.02, 2.6, 1.3, 1.86, , -, , -, , -, , -, , -, , -, , pg. 46

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Chapter- 4, Sources of Water Pollution in Rivers, 4.0 Major Drains, The major daring pouring in to the river at various stretches contains drains from, suburban areas and from municipal corporations. These carry domestic waste and also waste, from agricultural fields. There are treatment facilities for sewage from municipal corporations, but sewage from sub urban areas located on the banks of the river drains untreated and causes, pollution. There are approximately 7 drains of 5 Mtr widths that pour in to the river., Municipal Corporation has been advised for treatment of these drains., These drains carry at some places untreated waste and it has been identified and plan has, been prepared for establishing treatment plants at suitable location before these drains drain, in to river like Swarnrekha, Damodar etc., 4.1 Sewage/sullage generated from Urban Areas, There are 2 local bodies which are discharging their wastewater either directly or, indirectly into River Swarnrekha. In addition, 4 Industrial Focal Points, 02 Area, Development Authority are also discharging directly or indirectly into River Swarnrekha. 37, STPs have been installed at Ranchi and Jamshedpur by the different industries and, government. Apart from this there are 36 ETPs in Ranchi and 67 ETPs in Jamshedpur for, reducing pollution of the river. The details of STPs installed and ETPs installed are given in, Annexure attached below., 4.2 Sewage/sullage generated from Rural Areas, Thereare approximately 79 villages falling under the catchment of the river. Some of, these villages are in the sub urban areas and generate more waste than rural villages. There, are some 19 villages which are sub urban and generate 300 KLD where as average generation, by the rest of the villages are between 125 KLD to 175 KLD., 4.3 Industrial Sources in the Catchment Area of River Swarnrekha, 4.3.1Industrial units located at Ranchi, Tupudana, Hatia and Jamshedpur, The main industrial units in Ranchi are USHA martin, HEC, WAXPOL, Sehra, industries and many small industries running at Tupudana industrial area. At Jamshedpur, , pg. 47

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there are many industries which involve big industries like Tata Steel to small industries in, Adityapur industrial area., Most of the industries have established there ETPs and STPsand this are evident from the, data mentioned above., 4.4 Solid Waste, Solid waste management is being done in line with the Government's order and has both, centralized and decentralized systems. For Ranchi city Ranchi Municipal Corporation is, responsible for waste management in both capacities centralized and decentralize. Solid, waste management scenario in the region of Ranchi, Ramgarh, Hazaribagh, Bokaro, Dhanbad, & Jamshedpur: -, , 4.5 RIVER DAMODAR- Existing Scenario of Sewage Generation,, Treatment and Disposal, Presently there is no sewerage and sewage treatment system in the project towns. People are, using septic tanks from where the sewage is being disposed of into open drains. In due, course, the sewage is finding its way into River Damodar, which is the major source of its, pollution. Considering all three towns, presently about 198.88 MLD (say 200 MLD) of, domestic sewage is being generated (and discharged into River Damodar)., Table XII: - Present Wastewater Generations in the Project Towns, S. No., , Town Name, , Population, , Population, , Water, , Total water, , Total, , 2011, , 2015, , demand, , demand, , wastewater, , (Considering, , (LPCD), , (i/c 10%, , generation, , 1.66% per, , floating, , (i/c 10%, , annum growth), , population), , infiltration), , (MLD), , (MLD), , 1, , Dhanbad, , 11,62,472, , 1239660, , 135, , 184.09, , 162.00, , 2, , Ramgarh, , 1,32,441, , 141235, , 135, , 20.97, , 18.46, , 3, , Phusro, , 89,178, , 95099, , 135, , 14.12, , 12.43, , TOTAL, , 192.89, , pg. 48

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4.6, , POPULATION, , FORECAST,, , WATER, , DEMAND, , AND, , WASTEWATER GENERATION, Population Forecast, Considering Census 2011 as the base, future population has been estimated at 60%, overall growth. Population forecast for various other towns in Jharkhand have shown a, growth ranging between 30% and 60% for 2032 horizon; thus, an average growth of 45%, over Census 2011 has been adopted., Table XIII: - Population Forecast for the Project Towns, Project Horizon, , Year, , Dhanbad, , Ramgarh, , Phusro, , Census 2011, , 2011, , 11,62,472, , 1,32,441, , 89,178, , Base Year, , 2017, , 1278254, , 1456321, , 98060, , Intermediate Year, , 2032, , 1567710, , 178610, , 120265, , 4.6.1 Water Demand, Water demand has been estimated as per the norms suggested in the CPHEEO Manual, (1999 Edition). The water demands shown below include 10% requirement for floating, population., Table XIV Water Demand for the Project Towns, , Figures in MLD, , Project Horizon, , Year, , Dhanbad, , Ramgarh, , Phusro, , Base Year, , 2017, , 189.83, , 21.63, , 14.57, , Intermediate Year, , 2032, , 232.81, , 26.53, , 17.86, , 4.6.2 Wastewater Generation, As per CPHEEO norms, wastewater generation has been considered as 80% of the water demand., This also includes 10% infiltration., Table XV: - Waste water Generation for the Project Towns, , Figures in MLD, , Project Horizon, , Year, , Dhanbad, , Ramgarh, , Phusro, , Base Year, , 2017, , 167.05, , 19.03, , 12.82, , Intermediate Year, , 2032, , 204.87, , 23.35, , 15.72, , pg. 49

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Solid Waste Management Factsheet:Collection, No of, Sl., No, , ULB, , No of, , Wards, , Wards, , with, , (No.), , D2D, (No.), , Wet Waste, , Dry Waste, Total Dry, , Total, , Total, , Total Wet, , Total Wet, , Total Wet, , Waste, , Waste, , Waste, , Waste, , Waste, , generation, , collection, , generation, , Collection, , Processing, , (TPD), , (TPD), , (TPD), , (TPD), , (TPD), , No. of, , Total Dry, , Total Dry, , Waste, , %, , Recycler, , Waste, , Waste, , Processing, , Processing, , Tagged, , Generation, , Collection, , through, , No.), , (TPD), , (TPD), , Recycler, (TPD), , 1, , Adityapur, , 35, , 35, , 45.3, , 36.24, , 26.3, , 26.3, , 19.72, , 74.98, , 2, , 10, , 10, , 10, , 2, , Chas, , 35, , 35, , 46.5, , 46.5, , 19.5, , 18, , 18, , 92.31, , 6, , 27.5, , 27.5, , 20, , 3, , Dhanbad, , 55, , 55, , 455, , 455, , 257.1, , 257.1, , 257, , 99.96, , 12, , 197.9, , 197.9, , 130, , 4, , Hazaribagh, , 36, , 36, , 65, , 65, , 29, , 29, , 19.7, , 67.93, , 10, , 34, , 34, , 21, , 5, , Ramgarh, , 32, , 32, , 34.77, , 34.77, , 23.58, , 23.58, , 8, , 33.93, , 3, , 7.5, , 7.5, , 4.2, , 6, , Ranchi, , 53, , 53, , 526, , 430, , 315, , 258, , 50, , 15.87, , 8, , 158, , 129, , 65, , 7, , Jamshedpur, , 12, , 12, , 190, , 190, , 110, , 105, , 105, , 95.45, , 80, , 55, , 54.8, , 54.8, , 8, , Mango, , 36, , 36, , 73.3, , 66.5, , 40, , 33.2, , 33.2, , 83.00, , 6, , 12.6, , 12.6, , 9.5, , 9, , Chaibasa, , 21, , 18, , 20.43, , 20, , 12.5, , 11.5, , 1.2, , 9.60, , 7, , 7.93, , 7.75, , 7.75, , 10, , Bundu, , 13, , 13, , 8.5, , 8.5, , 3.83, , 3.83, , 1.61, , 42.04, , 1, , 1.71, , 1.71, , 0.71, , 11, , Chirkunda, , 21, , 21, , 16.2, , 14.8, , 6.4, , 6.2, , 3.2, , 50.00, , 2, , 8.8, , 8.6, , 2.5, , 12, , Saraikela, , 11, , 11, , 6.1, , 6.1, , 3.4, , 3.4, , 1.7, , 50.00, , 3, , 2, , 2, , 1.5, , 13, , Phusro, , 28, , 28, , 22, , 22, , 9, , 9, , 5, , 55.56, , 1, , 12, , 12, , 8, , 14, , Manjhion, , 12, , 12, , 8.5, , 8.05, , 4.47, , 4.47, , 2.5, , 55.93, , 1, , 0.4, , 0.4, , 0.4, , 15, , Koderma, , 15, , 15, , 9, , 9, , 5, , 5, , 2.9, , 58.00, , 2, , 4, , 4, , 2.5, , 16, , Simdega, , 20, , 20, , 14.69, , 13.36, , 2.9, , 2.9, , 1.9, , 65.52, , 2, , 2.8, , 2.8, , 2.8, , pg. 50

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S.No., , 1, , Compliance of Solid waste Management Rules – 2016 (TABLE-XVI), Specific point as per, Compliance, Targeted, rule, Status, Date Of, Remarks, Compliance, If Not, Complied, Shall prepare a state policy, on, solid, waste, management within a year., , Complied, , Jharkhand state urban sanitation policy-2018, (JSUSP-2018) has been notified vide notification no., 4544 dated. :06/09/2018,, , Annexure - VII, , 2, , 3, , 4, , While preparing State, policy and strategy on, solid waste management,, lay emphasis on waste, reduction, reuse, recycling,, recovery and optimum, utilization, of, various, components of solid waste, to ensure minimization of, waste going to the landfill, and minimize impact of, solid waste on human, health and environment., State, policies, and, strategies, should, acknowledge the primary, role played by the informal, sector of waste pickers,, waste, collectors, and, recycling, industry, in, reducing, waste, and, provide broad guidelines, regarding integration of, waste picker or informal, waste collectors in the, waste, management, system., Ensure implementation of, provisions of these rules, by all local authorities., , Complied, , In JSUSP-2018 it has been incorporated and, mentioned in Chapter – 4 point no – 4.2 of, Notification no. 4544 dated. :06/09/2019, , Annexure - VII, , Complied, , In JSUSP-2018 it has been incorporated and, mentioned in Chapter – 4 point no – 4.3 of, Notification no. 4544 dated. :06/09/2019, , Directions has been given to ULBs for registration, and inclusion of them in waste management, activities., Annexure - VII & VIII, , Not Complied, , As per SWM, action, plan, March - 2024., , DPRs have been prepared and are being prepared as, per provisions given in SWM Rules – 2016., Total DPRs for 35 ULBs have been prepared. Is, annexed as, Annexure - IX, , 5, , Direct the town planning, department of the State to, ensure that master plan of, every city in the State or, Union territory provisions, for setting up of solid, waste processing and, disposal facilities except, for the cities who are, members of common, , Complied, , Instruction has been given to the town planning, department., Vide Lt. No. - 882, annexed as, , date: 17.05.2019 is, Annexure - X, , pg. 51

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6, , 7, , 8, , 9, , 10, , 11, , waste processing facility, or, regional, sanitary, landfill for a group of, cities., Ensure identification and, allocation of suitable land, for, setting, up, of, processing and disposal, facilities for solid wastes, within one year and, incorporate them in the, master plans., Ensure that a separate, space for segregation,, storage,, decentralised, processing of solid waste, is demarcated in the, development plan for, group, housing, or, commercial, institutional, or, any, other, nonresidential, complex, exceeding 200 dwelling or, having, a, plot, area, exceeding 5,000 square, meters., Ensure that the developers, of Special Economic Zone,, Industrial Estate, and, Industrial Park to earmark, at least five percent of the, total area of the plot or, minimum five plots or, sheds for recovery and, recycling facility., Facilitate establishment of, common regional sanitary, land fill for a group of, cities and towns falling, within a distance of 50 km, (or more) from the, regional facility on a cost, sharing basis and ensure, professional management, of such sanitary landfills., Arrange, for, capacity, building of local bodies in, managing solid waste,, segregation, and, transportation, or, processing of such waste, at source., Notify buffer zone for the, solid waste processing and, disposal facilities of more, than five tons per day in, consultation with the State, Pollution Control Board., , Not Complied, , Dec, 2020., , Land available - 35 ULBs, Transfer / acquisition of land under process – 07, ULBs, Details regarding land status is annexed as, Annexure - XI, , Not Complied, , March, 2020, , Not Complied, , Dec, 2019, , Not Complied, , July, 2021, , Applicable for Adityapur Municipal Corporation, only., , In the State of Jharkhand there are 9 ULBs in cluster, as follow:, 1. Koderma cluster with Jhumritelaya & Koderma, 2. Sahebganj cluster with Sahebganj &Rajmahal and, 3. Adityapur cluster with Adityapur, Jamshedpur,, Mango, Jugsalai & Kapali., , Complied, , Capacity building program have been initiated on, various occasions and still continue., Details are annexed as, Annexure - XII, , Complied, Instruction to ULBs has been given for a buffer zone, to be created around the landfill site vide Lt. No –, 1344, Dt – 12.09.2018; Lt. No – 135, Dt –, 25.01.2016., , pg. 52

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As per guideline of SWM rules-2016. It has been, also incorporated in JSUSP-2018-chapter 4, point no, - 4.4., Provision for buffer zone in the SWM DPRs and, developing a green belt in the buffer zone has been, incorporated., Annexure - VII & XIII, 12, , Start, a, scheme, on, registration, of, waste, pickers and waste dealers., , Not Complied, , Dec,2019, , Directions have been given to ULBs for, identification and registration of waste pickers and, involving them in waste management activities vide, lt no – 1184, dt – 22.08.2017., This has been also included in JSUSP-2018(chapter, 4-point no - 4.3), Registration of waste pickers and waste dealers is, going on., Annexure - VIII, , 13, , Every Department incharge of local bodies of, the, concerned, State, Government or Union, territory, administration, shall constitute a State, Level Advisory Body, within six months from the, date of notification of, these rules, , Complied, , A State Level Advisory Body (SLAB) has been, constituted and Notified. (Notification No – 1375, Dt, – 09.03.2018), Two meetings have been conducted. Held on, 03.04.2018 & 17.05.2019. Notification and Minutes, of Meeting is annexed as, Annexure- XIV, , 4.9Plastic Waste:Hazardous waste management is being done in line with the Government's order and has both, centralized and decentralized systems. Solid waste management scenario in the region of, Ranchi, Ramgarh, Hazaribagh, Bokaro, Dhanbad & Jamshedpur: Compliance of Plastic waste Management Rules – 2016(Table XVII), S.No., , Specific point as per rule, , Targeted, Remarks, Date Of, Compliance, If Not, Complied, Authority Responsible For Compliance:- Urban Development And Housing Department, (LOCAL BODIES), 1, , To get involve in working out the modalities, with producers for waste collection system, based on Extended Producers Responsibility, through producers distribution channel or, through the local body concern, , Complianc, e Status, , List has to be, provided, by, Industry, Department, , pg. 53

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2, , Enforcement of the provisions of these rules, relating to waste management by waste, generator, use of plastic carry bags, plastic, sheets or like, covers made of plastic sheets and, multi-layered packaging., , 3, , Secretary shall endorse the action plan for, setting of plastic waste management system.", , On, various, occasion, directions, have, been given to, ULBs to enforce, ban to plastic, through, various, activities. Vide Lt., No. - 1344; dated12.08.2018, &Lt.no.784;, dated- 22.05.2018., Annexure-IV, Complied, , SLMC, formed,, first, meeting, conducted, on, 17.05.2019to, endorse the action, plan., , Annexure – V, , Authority Responsible For Compliance:- Urban Development And Housing Department, (LOCAL BODIES), 4, , Channelization of plastic waste, which can be, recycled, to the registered plastic waste recycler., , complied, , ULBs are recycling, dry waste through, recyclers, Annexure - VI, , 5, , To encourage the use of plastic waste, (preferably the plastic waste which cannot be, further recycled) for road construction as per, Indian Road Congress guidelines or energy, recovery or waste to oil etc., To make arrangement for Thermo set plastic, waste shall be processed and disposed of as per, the guidelines issued from time to time by the, Central Pollution Control Board., To make arrangements for disposal of the inert, from recycling or processing facilities of plastic, waste in compliance with the Solid Waste, Management Rules, 2000 and its amendments, thereof., , Complied, , On pilot basis Chas, & Jamshedpur has, constructed 0.5 Kms, of Road., , 8, , 9, , 6, , 7, , Not complied, , March, 2024, , Not complied, , March, 2024, , Responsible for development and setting up of, infrastructure for segregation, collection,, storage, transportation, processing and disposal, of the plastic waste either on its own or by, engaging agencies or producers., , Not complied, , March, 2024, , Responsible for setting up, operationalisation, and co-ordination of the waste management, system and for performing the associated, functions, namely: Ensuring segregation, collection, storage,, transportation, processing and disposal of, plastic waste; , Ensuring that no damage is caused to the, environment during this process; , Ensuring channelization of recyclable plastic, waste fraction to recyclers; , , Not complied, , 31st March,, 2024, , pg. 54

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10, , 11, 12, , Ensuring processing and disposal on nonrecyclable fraction of plastic waste in, accordance with the guidelines issued by the, Central Pollution Control Board; , Creating awareness among all stake holders, about their responsibilities;, Engaging civil societies or groups working with, waste pickers; and , Ensuring that open burning of plastic waste, does not take place. , Setting up of system for plastic waste, management shall seek assistance of producers, and such system shall be set up within one year, from the date of final publication of these rules, in the Official Gazette of India., To frame bye-laws incorporating the provisions, of these rules. ., Prepare and submit an annual report in Form –V, to the concerned Secretary-in-charge of the, Urban, Development, Department, under, intimation to the concerned State Pollution, Control Board or Pollution Control Committee, by the 30th June, every year., , Not complied, , 31st March,, 2024, , Related to industries, department & JSPCB, , Not complied, , March, 2020, , Ran, , Partialy, Complied, , submitted by 30th, june 2019, , pg. 55

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5.0 Hazardous Waste:Hazardous waste management is being done in line with the Government's order and has both centralized and decentralized systems. For Ranchi, city Ranchi Municipal Corporation is responsible for waste management in both capacities centralized and decentralizes. Solid waste, management scenario in the region of Ranchi, Ramgarh, Hazaribagh, Bokaro, Dhanbad & Jamshedpur: Sl, , Name, , No, , of, , Number of, , Authorized, , the, , HW, , Tonne), , District, , Generating, Industry, , Landfillable, , Quantity of Hazardous Waste (Metric, , Incinerable, , Recyclable, , Utilizable, , *Quantity of Hazardous Waste generated as per, , Quantity of, , Quantity, , Annual Return within the State/UT (Metric Tonne), , HW, , HW, , imported, , exported, , during the, , during, , year(Metric, , year(Metric, , Tonne), , Tonne), , Landfillab, , Incinerable, , le, , 1, , East, , Recyclabl, , Utilizable, , e, , 1, , 2, , 3, , 4, , 5, , 6, , 7, , 8, , 9, , 10, , 11, , 71, , 177089.53, , 1497.64, , 16628.97, , 0, , 177057.96, , 1069.92, , 16548.18, , 0.850, , -, , -, , 14, , 4057.37, , 284.05, , 651.04, , 0, , 1873, , 269.5, , 600.78, , 0.500, , -, , -, , 175, , 175, , 642.87, , 210.98, , 176.88, , 398.03, , 127.87, , 84.76, , 4.34, , -, , -, , 36, , 2830.2922, , 1195.925, , 11016.5607, , 45848.136, , 2542.922, , 1189.005, , 2077.3965, , 45326.287, , Nil, , Nil, , Singhbhum, 2, , West, Singhbhum, , 3, , Saraikela, Kharsawan, , 4, , Bokaro, , 1, , 6, , 5, , Dhanbad, , 91, , 1000.99, , 294.5873, , 2261.5153, , 215.289, , 0.5128, , 290.1531, , 188.1083, , 28.5794, , Nil, , Nil, , 6, , Ranchi, , 38, , 2.5, , 2, , 1792, , 0, , 2.5, , 2, , 1792, , 0, , Nil, , Nil, , 7, , Palamu., , 7, , 1, , 0, , 6, , 0, , 1, , 0, , 6, , 0, , Nil, , Nil, , pg. 56, , of, , the

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8, , Garhwa, , 5, , 0, , 0, , 1, , 9, , Ramgarh, , 51, , 47.066, , 9.8532, , 10, , Chatra, , 7, , NIL, , NIL, , 16.684, , 11, , Hazaribagh, , 9, , NIL, , 164.494, , 0, , 0, , 0, , 1, , 0, , Nil, , Nil, , 47.066, , 9.8532, , NIL, , NIL, , NIL, , NIL, , NIL, , NIL, , NIL, , 16.684, , NIL, , NIL, , NIL, , 1.84, , NIL, , NIL, , 164.494, , 1.84, , NIL, , NIL, , pg. 57

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Chapter 5, Measures for Control of Pollution, 5.0 Setting up of new Treatment Facilities, The existing treatment facilities are not adequate. In order to completely stop the untreated, waste being discharged directly or indirectly into river Swarnrekha, additional new facilities, and up gradation of existing facilities is required. The action plan envisages the following, facilities to be set up/ upgraded to meet the challenges of pollution in River Swarnrekha:, (i) Setting up of Sewage Treatment Plants in Urban areas, (ii) Setting up of treatment facilities for sewage/sludge in Rural areas, (iii) Setting up of facilities for reuse of treated wastewater, (iv) Setting up treatment facilities in Industrial Areas, , 5.1 Setting up of Online Effluent Monitoring Systems for STPs and ETPs, It has also been observed that the treatment facilities are operating as per norms but there is, strong need to effectively monitor the treatment facilities. In order to ensure effective, monitoring, it is envisaged to install online systems for monitoring:, (i) Setting up of online system for monitoring STPs, (ii) Setting up online system for monitoring of industrial effluents, Table:-XVIII- Details of Under Construction/ Proposed Sewerage Treatment Plants(STPs), Sr., No, ., , Construction/Propose, d STPs under, Municipal, , Unit, , Total, Designed, Capacity, (MLD), , 1, , Ranchi Municipal, Corporation (Zone-1), , 1, , 37, , 2, , Adityapur Municipal, Corporation, , 4, , 36, , 3, , Sahibganj Nagar, Parishad, , 2, , 12, , Stage (Under, Construction/, Proposed), UNDER, CONSTRUCTI, ON, UNDER, CONSTRUCTI, ON, UNDER, CONSTRUCTI, ON, , Scheme, , Target Date, of, Completion, , Sate/JNNU, RM, , Dec-2019, , AMRUT, , May-20, , Namami, Gange, , Aug-19, , pg. 58

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Chapter 6, Monitoring Requirements and Formats, 6.0 Monitoring Requirements, There are following key components of monitoring, 1., , Monitoring of progress of projects for setting up of new/upgraded facilities, , 2., , Monitoring of operations and management of STPs, , 3., , Monitoring of ETPs and Industrial Effluents, , 4., , Monitoring of Quality of Water of Rivers, , 5., , Monitoring of adverse impact on health of the people in surrounding areas due to, water pollution Monitoring of Awareness campaign, , 6., , Monitoring of other violations of laws/ regulations, , 6.1 Monitoring of Progress of projects for setting up of new/up graded facilities, In order to ensure that the stakeholder departments adheres to the timelines given for setting, up of new/upgraded treatment facilities, the department shall submit progress of the project, on monthly basis in the prescribed Performa., 6.2 Monitoring of operations and management of STPs, To ensure proper functioning of the STPs, regular availability of funds for operation and, maintenance has to be ensured. All the STPs should also have standby source of power. The, O&M contracts shall have the responsibilities of the Operator clearly defined. Monthly, reports as per perform will be submitted for monitoring., 6.3 Monitoring of ETP’s and Industrial Effluents, Jharkhand Pollution Control Board shall visit the industries located in the catchment area of, all Rivers as per protocol regarding frequency of visit to the industries to carry out, monitoring of Effluent Treatment Plants & ground water and maintain proper record of all, visit. JSPCB will submit report as per the Performa., , pg. 60

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6.4 Monitoring of Wastewater generation, Joint Committee of Officers of JSPCB, related industries and Department of Irrigation, shall visit the industries and monitor the status of disposal of the wastewater into the rivers on, fortnightly basis and submit the report to the Member Secretary, JSPCB., 6.5 Monitoring of Quality of Water of Rivers, The Jharkhand Pollution Control Board shall continue to monitor the quality of water of, River at 10 locations under National Water Monitoring Programme and shall report to State, Level Special Task Force on monthly basis in the Performa., 6.6 Monitoring of adverse impact on health of the people in surrounding areas, The District Level Special Task Force shall get organized / conducted the health check-up, camps of the people in the catchment area of Rivers and shall submit the monthly report in, Performa, which will be reviewed by State Level Special Task Force., 6.7 Monitoring of Awareness campaign, The Jharkhand state pollution control Board will organize awareness programme in, partnership with the Department of Health & Family Welfare and other stakeholders in the, habitation area falling in the catchment area in Rivers to educate them about the harmful, effect of water pollution., 6.8 Monitoring of other violations of laws/ regulations, The Jharkhand state pollution control Board will monitor any violation not covered above, and shall take appropriate action against the violator and report in this regard to the State, Level Task Force., , pg. 61

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Chapter 7, Governance and Supervision, 7.0 Three Tier Monitoring, 7.0.1 Monitoring will be done by the Departments concerned, which are executing or, responsible for particular activities. In addition, there will be three levels of Committees to, review and monitor the status:, 1., , District Level Task Force, , 2., , River Rejuvenation Committee., , 3., , State Level Task Force /Executing Committee, , 7.0.2Jharkhand state pollution control Board will set up a dedicated team for supporting, coordination and monitoring of the Action Plan. The team will collate and analyse data from, all the concerned agencies and escalate the issues and challenges to the appropriate level for, resolution. It will also develop suitable IT platform for monitoring purposes., 7.1 District Level Special Task Force (DLSTF), 7.1.1 The mandate of this task force is as under:, 1. It shall identify all persons responsible for violation of law and norms relating to, pollution in Rivers and the drains joining it., 2. It shall review action by the Competent Authority w.r.t. Civil and Criminal action, against the violators as well as those who fail to perform their duties in this regard., 3. It shall submit a monthly report on all actions taken by it to the State Level Special, Task Force (SLSTF), by first week of every month., 4. It shall assist the SLSTF in preparation of the action plan and finalizing the timelines., 5. It shall involve Civil Society Organizations and public participation in preparing the, action plan in all the relevant areas., 6. It shall ensure periodic sampling of river water as well as ground water to check water, quality., , pg. 62

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7.3 River Rejuvenation Committee, The River Rejuvenation Committee will monitor the Status of implementation of the, Action Plan at the State Level. It will also be responsible for River Rejuvenation Plan, Monitoring as well as Endowment Fund. It may invite any special invitee as may be required., 7.4 State Level Task Force, The mandate of this task force is as under:, 1. It shall finalize the Action Plan with firm timelines and review the same., 2. It shall submit quarterly report on action taken during the quarter to the Central, Pollution Control Board., 3. It will also ensure that the quarterly Action Taken Reports are uploaded on the, website of Jharkhand Pollution Control Board., 4. It shall Co-ordinate with the Executing Committee, appointed by NGT, 5. The State Level Task Force will accordingly hold regular meetings to review the, progress and taken necessary action against the defaulters., 7.5 Executing Committee, The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has constituted an 'Executing Committee' with the, following mandate:, 1. The Committee is entitled to issue appropriate directions to concerned authorities for, ensuring compliance of the orders of the Hon’ble Tribunal., 2. The target of the Committee will be to restore the standard of water quality in the, river to the prescribed level., 3. The Committee may carry out personal visits, if necessary or call for information or, reports., 4. The Committee may also consider need for getting organized health camps and need, for providing clean drinking water for the affected inhabitants., 5. The sampling of ground water may also be done apart from the sampling of the river, water periodically., 6. Submit, , fortnightly, , basis, , report, , to, , the, , Hon’ble, , NGT, , through, , e-mail, , [email protected], 7. The Executive Committee will accordingly review the progress from time to time and, issue necessary directions to the concerned authorities., , pg. 63

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Chapter 8, Risk Mitigation Plan, 8.0 Identification of Major Risks in the Action Plan, The Action Plan to clean River Swarnrekha, Damodar, Nalkari, Sankh, Konar etc, and, restore the quality of water to the prescribed standards is a complex multi sectoral and multi, agency action plan. Successful implementation would face many challenges. Following major, risks have been identified, 1., , Accuracy and completeness of Baseline Data, , 2., , Accuracy and completeness of Project Timelines, , 3., , Financial closure and timely releases of Funds, , 4., , Discharge from unapproved Habitation Areas, , 5., , Tracking the Progress and Program Management, , 6., , Resolution of Administrative and Technical Issues, , 8.1 Mitigation Plan for identified Risks, It is important to devise strategies and plans to mitigate the identified risks. Action plan will, remain on paper if the bottlenecks and the risks are not dealt satisfactorily. Mitigation plan, for each of the identified risk has been prepared in the following paras., 8.2 Accuracy and completeness of Baseline Data, Due to paucity of time, the information about the sources of pollution, current treatment, facilities, quantity and quality of discharges etc. could not be properly validated and there, could be gaps in the same, which may lead to substantial alterations in the plans. In order to, ensure accuracy and completeness of baseline data, another round of validation of the same, would be got done through the respective Administrative Departments and Action plan, updated accordingly. This will be completed in 30 days., , pg. 64

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8.3 Accuracy and completeness of Project timelines, Due to paucity of time, the information about the project timelines could not be properly, validated and deliberated and there could be gaps in the same. In order to ensure accuracy, and completeness of Project timelines, each Administrative Department would be asked to, validate the project timelines carefully after taking into account all the relevant factors. In, order to overcome the Risks identified above, the following plan would be followed. The, needful will be done in 45 days in parallel to the activity in para 10.2.1 and Action plan, updated accordingly., 8.4 Discharge from unapproved habitation areas, There are certain unapproved colonies or villages, which have come under municipal limit,, which are currently not covered in the plans but are discharging their untreated sewage, directly or indirectly into river Swarnrekha, Damodar, Nalkari etc. The concerned authorities, for urban and rural areas will be asked to identify such localities and plan for their, connectivity with the main sewer or development of the sewer system shall be worked out., 8.5 Financial closure and timely releases of funds, Availability of funds for completing the projects on time is a major risk. Some of the projects, have still not achieved financial closure. It has also been observed that the release of funds is, often not regular even though the project had appropriate financial approval. In case of, operation and maintenance of the facilities, substantial blame has been apportioned to lack of, regular release of funds for maintenance, which resulted in failure of STPs to treat the, wastewater and as a result untreated water has been discharged in the drain. In order to, overcome the challenges, efforts will be made towards:, 1. Seeking a firm commitment of Department of Finance to release the funds for the projects, on priority., 2. In case of operation and maintenance, seeking firm commitment of ULBs/ Department of, Local Government to treat this as committed expenditure according it highest priority and, release the funds regularly. Further, arrangement may be worked out with the Administrative, Department and Department of Finance that in case of default of ULB to pay to the operator,, funds will be deducted from the grant to be released to ULB and paid directly to the Operator., , pg. 65

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8.6 Tracking the Progress and program management, The action plan for clean Swarnrekha, Damodar and other rivers of Jharkhand is a complex,, multi department and multi agency program and the current capacity and skill sets in, Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board are not adequate to track the progress of various, milestones and carry out effective program management for successfully implementing the, program. In order to mitigate the risk, a dedicated team with requisite Program Management, and IT skills will be positioned to collate data, analyze the same, prepare status updates,, escalate issues and assist various committees in review and issue resolution., 8.7 Resolution of Administrative and Technical Issues, Some of issues such as acquisition of land, design parameters or treatment technologies can, hold up the progress of the implementation of the Action Plan. The Program management, team will continuous track and identify such issues and escalate to the appropriate level. The, three tier monitoring and review system will help in resolving the issues., , pg. 66

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Chapter 9, ACTION PLAN WITH TIMELINE, A., , Action Plan- Short Term and Long Term Action and the Identified, , Authorities for initiating actions and the time limits for ensuring compliance, Sl.No., , Action plan for rejuvenation of river, , Concerned, , Time Target, , Dept., A, , Industrial Pollution Control, , 1, , Compliance of industries located in catchment area with, , JSPCB, , Continuous, , JSPCB, , Continuous, , JSPCB, , Continuous, , JSPCB, , Continuous, , JSPCB, , Continuous, , Small scale/tiny and service providing units located in, , Local, , December, , urban or semi-urban limits like Dairies, Auto Service, , Authorities/, , 2019, , Stations to have minimum provision of O & G traps, , Municipal, , respect to effluent discharge standards and its disposal as, per consent conditions, 2, , Inventorization of the industries in the catchment area of, Rivers covering assessment on aspects relating to Status, of Consents under Water & Air Acts and Authorization,, Effluent Generation, ETP capacities and final mode of, effluent discharges, , 3, , Actions against the Identified industries in operation, without Consents under Water & Air Acts/Authorization, under the H& OW ( M & TM) Rules, 2016 as amended, , 4, , Action against the industries not installed ETPs or ETPs, exist but not operating or ETP outlet or treated effluent is, not complying to the effluent discharge standards or, norms, , 5, , Action against the red category industries for installation, of OCEMS and not transferring data to CPCB and, JSPCB, , 6, , Corporation, , pg. 67

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7, , Prohibition of burning of any kind of waste including, agro residues, , State Govt. /, , Continuous, , District, Administration, and Local, Authorities, & Agriculture, Department, , 8, , Directions to all the Industries which are observed to be, , JSPCB/, , not in operation or closed or temporarily closed to, , District, , remain close till further orders from JSPCB., , 9, , 10, , Continuous, , Administration, , Estimation of industrial effluent generation and the, , State, , September, , existing CETP capacity and to arrive gap between the, , Government ,, , 2020, , industrial effluent generation and the existing treatment, , District/Local, , capacity, , Administration, , Channelization of industrial effluents to CETPs for, , State, , December, , ensuring treatment to comply with the discharge, , Government ,, , 2020, , standards., , District/Local, , Identification of suitable site within industrial areas, Administration, Execution and Commissioning of Adequate Capacity, CETPs., , pg. 68

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B. Short term and long term action plans for rejuvenation of rivers and the, implementing agencies responsible for execution of the action plans and the, time limits are given in table as below :Sl.No., , Action Plan For Rejuvenation Of River, , A, , Concerned, , Time, , Dept., , Target, , Sewage Treatment and Disposal Plan, State, District-wise estimation of total sewage generation,, existing treatment capacities, quantum of disposal of, , 1, , sewage presently through drains and the gaps in sewage, treatment capacity., , Government,, UDD, Water, Resource Dept.,, , March 2020, , District, Administration, and Local, bodies, State, , To undertake measurement of flow of all the drains, presently contributing pollution load in rivers and to, 2, , formulate detailed project report (DPR) for each drain, and corresponding town and submission of DPR., , Government,, UDD, Water, Resource Dept.,, , March 2020, , District, Administration, and Local, bodies, State, Government,, , Proper design, execution of STPs with full utilization, 3, , capacity, , UDD, Water, Resource Dept.,, District, , March 2020, , Administration, and Local, bodies, 4, , Channelization including diversion of sewage generated, from, , household/town, , ships/villages, , to, , sewer, , State, Government,, , March 2021, , pg. 69

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lines/interception of all the drains presently carrying, , UDD, Water, , sewage and for ensuring proper treatment through the, , Resource Dept.,, , upcoming STPs, , District, Administration, and Local, bodies, , Ensuring dairy/automobile service stations and Hotels /, 5, , Restaurants particularly located on road-side should, , Local, , have a treatment system and levy of fine in case found, , authorities, , March 2020, , Violations, B, , Ground water quality, Rural drinking, water and, , 1, , Sealing of contaminated hand pumps and found to be, unfit for drinking purpose by the public, , Sanitation, , September, , Department and, , 2020, , Local, authorities, Rural drinking, water and, 2, , Supply of potable water to the affected communities in, the identified critical blocks, , Sanitation, Department and, , March 2020, , Local, authorities, Carrying assessment of ground water survey for quality, 3, , and to identify over exploited and critical blocks in the, districts, To conduct periodic surprise inspection of the industry, , 4, , to rule out any forceful injection of industrial effluents, into ground water resource, , Ground Water, Authority, JSPCB &, Ground Water, Authority, , All the industry should be directed to obtain NOC from CGWB/ CGWA, 5, , the CGWB and action against the Units in Operation, without obtaining of NOC from CGWA, , March 2020, , Continuous, , Continuous, , and .Ground, , (The, , Water, , proposed, , pg. 70

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Authority, , new, industries, will be, directed to, obtain NOC, from, CGWA), , 6, , To ensure rain water harvesting by the industrial,, , CGWA/, , commercial and other institutions and groundwater, , Ground Water, , recharging with only clean water be encouraged by, , Authority/, , CGWB/CGWA, , B., , March 2020, , JSPCB, , Proposed Action Plan by various Department of Govt. of Jharkhand, Phases, , Actions Required, , Role, , through work break, down structure, Pre- Planning Phase, , Identification of, , (Recognition Phase), , problem related to river, , JSPCB, , health, Assessment of drivers, and barriers for the, , JSCPB, Industries, WRD,, UDHD, , problem, Assessment of, , WRD, , catchment and valley, area bio-physical, properties, Stakeholder, consultations and, , River Rejuvenation, Committee, , development of road, map, , pg. 71

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Planning Phase, (Restoration Phase), , Formation of core team, –, , Management, , technical, , -, , River Rejuvenation, Committee, , team-, , Community, mobilization team, Survey of the river sites, and, , prioritization, , of, , WRD, Industries, JSPCB,, UDHD, , restoration measures, Community, , Industry, JSPCB, UDHD,, , mobilization, , District Administration, , Preparation of detailed, project, , report, , (Technical, , River Rejuvenation, Committee, , and, , Financial), Implementation Phase, (Protection Phase), , Prioritization, , of, , measures, , Committee, , Implementation, , of, , measures, the, , UDHD, Industry, JSPCB,, District Administration, , Monitoring/Regulation, of, , River Rejuvenation, , implantation, , measures, , JSPCB (Regulate and, Monitor),, JSPCB to work in, coordination of UDHD,, Industries, District, Administration to execute, the measures, , Documentation, , of, , measures, Scaling Up Phase, (Improvement Phase), , JSPCB, UDHD and, Industries, , Identification of lesson, Review, consultation, Planning, phase, , for, , River Rejuvenation, Committee, and River Rejuvenation, Committee, , second River Rejuvenation, Committee, , pg. 72

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D. Achievable water quality goals with specific timelines, Sl.No., , 1, , ACTION TO BE TAKEN, , TIMELINES, , Identification and Cleaning of major drains directly, , September 2020, , falling into Rivers of Jharkhand, Cleaning all tributary drains of Jharkhand River, –, , 2, , September 2020, , Setting up of decentralized sewage treatment plants, and allied works, , 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, , Trapping/ cleaning of remaining identified drains, , September 2020, , directly falling into River, Dredging of major drains and stretches of River, bed, Laying of sewerage system in un-sewered areas, , September 2020/, continuous process, Master Plan, September, 2020/ continuous process, , Rehabilitation & up-gradation of old sewerage, infrastructure, Bio remediation & development of public space, , September 2020/, continuous process, September 2020, , along all major drains, , E. Proposed Action Plan For Restoration Of Jharkhand Rivers,  Regular cleaning of River Bed for removal of Eichhornia Vegetation.,  Removal of encroachment (Slum areas) & restriction on Bathing /washing activity all, along the river Bed.,  Provision of sanitation facility (Such as Sulabh Sawchalaya) near slum area & dense, populated area to avoid open defecation. Provision of STP for Cities.,  Treated sewage of the city will have to be utilized for irrigation / gardening purpose., The treated sewage after disinfection shall be used for gardening or could be, commercially sold to Industries.,  Various Municipal Councils can undertake the river front beautification activities and, rainwater harvesting project along the stretch of the river. Rainwater harvesting can, help in attaining the minimum flow in the river water for scouring the sediments and, dilution water availability.,  Scavenging of river beds will have to be undertaken before onset of monsoon, , pg. 73

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F. Action Plan at Village Level:For Zilla Parishad: Joint action need to take by Zilha Parishad, Irrigation & Agriculture, Departments. Agriculture Department shall undertake public awareness program to convey, that agriculture / horticulture by untreated river water is unhygienic. Instead bulk sewage /, sullage flowing in the rivers, nallas will have to be treated by artificial wet land systems., Such systems rely on natural purification by photosynthesis and subsequent aeration by, “emergent macrophytes”. Pathogens are destroyed during the process. Such systems will be, suitable for small villages also. Effluent of artificial wet land system can be safely used for, agriculture because it will be free from pathogens. Zilla Parishad should pass a resolution that, it will spare appropriate land for artificial wet land system., For Gram Panchayats: A resolution has to be passed by each Gram Panchayat of banks of, river that, they will not allow sewage / sullage from their respective villages to enter the river., Further they should also provide sulabh shauchalay in villages to avoid open defecation., Narrow-bore sewerage has been recommended for wastewater treatment. Water supply and, sanitation department of Govt. of Jharkhand should provide proto type designs for narrowbore sewerage followed by a stabilization pond., , G. Status of Flood Plain Zone and Environmental Flow (E-Flow), Sl.No., A, , Action plan for rejuvenation of river, , Concerned Dept., , Time Target, , Flood Plain Zone (FPZ), Forest,, , 1, , Plantation in Flood Plain Zone (FPZ), , Environment &, , June 2020, , Climate Change, 2, , 3, , 4, , Checking encroachments in the FPZ of river, , District /Local, Administration, , Prohibition of disposal of municipal plastic and, , Local, , bio- medical waste particularly in drains, , Administration, , Protection and management of flood plain zone, , State, Government/Water, , Regular, , September, 2020, Up to March, 2020 and, execution of, , pg. 74

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Resource, Department, B, 1, , Environmental Flow (E-Flow) and Irrigation Practices, Measurement of flow in the river and records, , Water Resource, , maintained, , Department, , To conserve water and good irrigation practices, 2, , agreement, by October, 2019, , to be adopted by the farmers by organizing mass, awareness programmes and through media in, vernacular language., , Water Resource, Department/, , Regular, , Continuous, , Agriculture Dept., Up to March, 2020, , 3, , Completion of work for issues related to E-flow, , Water Resource, , execution of, , Department, , agreement, by October, 2019, Up to March, 2020, , 4, , Completion of work related ground water, , Water Resource, , execution of, , recharge/rain water harvesting, , Department, , agreement, by October, 2019, , pg. 75

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YEAR, , Annexure-III (To be revised, as monitoring and regulation to be done by JSPCB), TIMELINES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF MODEL RESTORATION PLAN in 2019-2020 and 2020-2021, 2019-2020, 2020-2021, , QUARTER, , QUARTER III, , PHASES AND ACTION, , YEAR, , Pre- Planning Phase: (Recognition), Gathering of information of non-identified, polluted river stretch, Reconnaissance survey sampling of river, , I, , Assessment of water quality, , I, , Planning Phase: (Restoration), Identification of sources of pollution, , I, , Preparation of Detailed Project Report, , I, , In-situ bioremediation of drains, , II, , Implementation Phase: (Protection), Assessment of Treatment technologies,, available river flow, prevailing discharge, standards, Setting up of sewage treatment plants, (STPs)/Effluent treatment plants (ETPs)/, CETP, Complying the regulation under JSPCB for, existing industries, causing the pollution, based on survey data, Setting up tertiary level sewage treatment, facilities for grossly polluted stretches devoid, of perennial fresh water flow, Scaling Up Phase: (Improvement), Augment river flow, if feasible, , JUL, , AUG, , QUARTER IV, SEP, , OCT, , NOV, , QUARTER I, DEC, , JAN, , FEB, , QUARTER II, MAR, , APR, , MAY, , QUARTER III, JUN, , JUL, , AUG, , QUARTER IV, SEP, , OCT, , NOV, , I, , II, , II, , I&II, , II, , II, , pg. 76, , DEC