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© MADE BY KAUSHIK SEN, , PHLEBOTOMY, , , , Phlebotomy is the practice of drawing blood from patients and taking the blood specimens to, the laboratory to prepare for testing and researches., , Types of Tubes, , , , , , , , , , , , THE PURPLE ONE (aka “Lavender’”), , , , These bottles are generally used for haematology tests where whole, blood is required for analysis., , This tube contains EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), which acts as a, potent anticoagulant by binding to calcium in the blood., , COMMONTESTS:, , o full blood count (FBC), o erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), o blood film for abnormal cells or malaria parasites, , , , o Monospottestfor EBV, , o HbA1C for diabetic control EDTA o Oo, [Ca-EDTA]* complex, , o reticulocytes Q —f q At—~>, \— . LV, , o red cell folate wd oh . Ca Lf \, a), , o parathyroid hormone (PTH)

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THE PINK ONE, , The pink bottles work in the same way as the purple ones, but are, specifically used only for whole blood samples being sent to, the transfusion lab., , This tube also contains the anticoagulant EDTA., COMMONTESTS:, , o group and save (G&S), o crossmatch (XM), , o direct Coomb’s test (aka direct antiglobulin test) for autoimmune, haemolytic anaemia

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| Ane 4, "| FORE™) NAME, , , , , , , , THE BLUE ONE, , The blue’ bottle is used forhaematology tests involving, the clotting system, which’ require inactivated whole blood for, , analysis.This contains bufferedsodium citrate, which acts as, areversible anticoagulant by binding to calcium ions in the blood and, , subsequently disrupting the clotting cascade, COMMONTESTS:, , o coagulation screen including bleeding time for platelet, function, prothrombin time (PT) for extrinsic pathway, activated partial, thromboplastin time (APTT) for intrinsic pathway, and thrombin time, (TT) or fibrinogen assay for the final common pathway, , o D-dimer for thrombosis e.g. due to DVT or PE, , o INR for monitoring patients on warfarin (this is calculated from the, prothrombin time, , o activated partial thromboplastin ratio (APTR) for monitoring patients, on lV heparin infusions (this is calculated from the APTT), , o anti-Xa assay for monitoring patients on high-dose low molecular weight, heparins like tinzaparin

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These bottles are used for aliuge variety of tests requiring, separated serum for analysis, including biochemistry, endocrinology,, , oncology, toxicology, microbiology and immunology., , This tube is known in the lab as the SS’! (serum separating tube). It, contains two agents; silica particles and a serum separating gel. The sca, particles work to activate clotting and cause the blood cells to clump, together., , COMMONTESTS:, , o biochemistry tests are the ones you will encounter most commonly:, , o Urea and electrolytes (U+&) — this includes urea, creatinine, sodium, and potassium, , o C-reactive protein (CRP), , o liver function tests (LFTs) — this includes bilirubin, ALP, AST/ALT,, GGT, total protein and albumin, , o amylase assay, o one protle —this includes calcium, phosphate, ALP and albumin