Page 1 :
Ch 17 Natural vegetation, Answer in briefQ.1 Why is a diversity of vegetation seen in india?, Ans. The diversity in natural vegetation of india is created due to the following reasonsA) Relief featuresThere are various mountains, plateaus, plains, deserts etc in the country which affects the, vegetation pattern in India., B) SoilThere are different types of soils i.e alluvial, black, mountain, desert, etc. Which creates diversity, in vegetation., C) TemperatureIn India, the temperature is different in the different parts of the country Which leads to, diversity in vegetation., D) Insolation(sunlight)Insulation over any place depends on the altitude and latitude. Vegetation grows faster where, there is more sunlight, E) RainfallThe rainfall in India is unequal as well as it is different in the various parts of the country which, affects the vegetation., F) HumidityThere is more humidity in few places of the country which is favourable for the vegetation., Q.2 What are the reasons for forest destruction?, Ans. Reasons for forest destruction•, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Due to anti-aircraft environmental activities and selfishness of man, the ecosystem is disturbed ., Due to man's continuous desire to get more land., Due to increasing population., Due to the new policy for establishing industries away from the residential areas., Due to urbanization, Due to construction of dams, Due to construction of roads, Due to jhoom cultivation, To get forest products such as timber, etc., Due to forest fire, , Q.3 What are the effects of forest destruction?, Ans. Effects of forest destruction•, •, •, , Adverse (negative) and harmful effects are seen., There is reduction in rainfall., The situation of drought arises due to less rainfall
Page 2 :
•, •, •, , Green house effect is seen., More number of deserts are expanding., Wild animals loose shelters., , Q.4 “Tropical forests are also called evergreen forests.” Give reasons., •, •, •, •, •, •, , Tropical rain forests are found in hot and humid regions where annual rainfall exceeds 200, cm, The trees in this forests are 60metre tall., There is more humidity in this forests., Trees of these forests do not shed their leaves fully in any season., There is no autumn season, Hence, they remain green throughout the year and so they are also known as “evergreen, forests”., , Answer in detailQ.1 State the types of forests in India, Ans. On the basis of various factors, the forests are classified as follows1) Tropical rain forests• These forests are found in hot and humid region, • Rainfall exceeds 200 cm., • Trees are 60m tall., • There is no autumn season here., • They are found in western ghats, lakshwadeep, Andaman Nicobar islands, Assam,, etc., • Trees found here are rosewood, rubber, etc., • They are also known as evergreen forests as they do not shed leaves., 2) Tropical deciduous forests• Rainfall is about 70 to 200 cm., • Trees such as teak, saal, sesame, sandalwood etc are found., • They are found in Himalayan foothills, chattisgarh, jharkhand, etc., • The trees here shed leaves for 6 to 8 weeks during autumn., • Every tree has different time of shedding leaves so no tree is without leaves, • As these trees shed leaves according to the season they are also known as monsoon, forests., 3) Tropical desert vegetation• Rainfall is less than 70 cm., • They are found in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, etc., • Trees such as acacia, cactus, khijdo, etc. Are found., • Roots of the trees here aa long, deep and widespread., • Leaves are shorter which slows downs the evapotranspiration process., 4) Temperate or mountain forests-
Page 3 :
A) Tropical forests are there at height of 1000 to 2000 metres and found in west, Bengal, mountainous areas of uttarakhand,etc.. with trees such aa oak and, chestnut., B) Coniferous forests are there at height of 1500 to 3000 metres and found in southern, slopes of Himalayas with trees such aa pine, saal, etc., The trees have conical shape and the branches lean towards the earth so the snow, easily slides down., The tree leaves are long, pointed and sticky which retains humidity for a longer, time., C) Alpine and short grass ( tundra) vegetation are there at height of 3600 metres and, more and found at higher altitude areas of Himalayas and snowy areas and trees, such as silver fir and birch., 5) Tidal or mangrove forests• These forests are found near Gujarat coast and in the marshy lands along the bay of, Bengal coast., • Sundari and cher trees are found., Q.2 Write about the utility of forests., Ans. Utility of forests•, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Forests are useful to man in various ways., Timber wood from team and saal is used for making furniture., Boats are prepared from the wood of sundari trees of sundarvan., Sports goods and packing boxes are made from the wood of pine and chid trees., Turpentine is made from the liquid of chid trees., Sandalwood tree is used to prepare perfume, cosmetics, etc., Forests also provides lac, resin, gum, rubber, honey, etc., Medicinal plants such as harde, amla, baheda, etc. Are used, Forests provides shelter and food to people who live in and around forests., Thus, forests provide a great contribution In the social and economic development of human, beings., , Q.3 Elaborate the remedies for forest conservation., Ans. Remedies for forest conservation•, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , National forest policy was implemented in 1952 by the government., In 1988, a new policy was announced for forest conservation., People should protect forests as they are national resource., Punishments should be given to people who illegally cut the trees., People should be encouraged to participate in van mahotsav and social forestry to grow more, trees on the road sides, near railway tracks, rivers, etc., By creating awareness about environment by including the topics in the school syllabus., By celebrating various days such as 5th june as the world environment day., Forest fires should be immediately stopped if it occurs.
Page 4 :
•, •, , Renewable energy resources should be used more instead of using wood., To expain the importance of forests to people by using various sources of media.
