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[ing, , Crop Production, and Management __, , ‘Use Cordova Smart Class Software on the smart board in class to know the Various agricultural practices and,, , ‘understand the production and managementof crops., Food is one of the basic necessities of life forall, living organisms. Food provides energy for, arrying out all body functions such as digestion,, respiration and excretion. Food is required for, growth, development and body repair. It also, , , , protects the body against diseases., Among all the living organisms, only green plants, ‘make their own food. Animals and human bein, depend on plants and other animals for their food., We get our food from plants and animals. In order, to provide food for a large population, proper, management and distribution of food is necessary., Till 10,000 BCE, the nomadic people wandered, from place to place in search of food and shelter, ‘They ate fruits and raw vegetables of forest plants, and hunted animals for food., Later, people learnt farming and cultivated wheat,, rice and other food crops. They also domesticated, animals to meet their food requirements and did, hard physical work. This marked a new era in the, history of humans—from food-gatherers they, turned into food-producers,, AGRICULTURE, Agriculture is an applied Science that deals with, the mass production of crop plants and animals, Useful to human beings. Besides crop production,, several other related activities like poultry, fishing, and sericulture come within the scope of, agriculture. The population of India is increasing, very rapidly. To fulfil the food requirement of such, a large population, increased production, proper, management nd distribution of food isnecessary., , Cordova Learning Series, , , , ‘CROPS AND CROPPING PATTERNS, Plants ofthe sane kind rown atone place om, large scale ae called a crop. For example, crop of, ret ec at al he pani ewan ed, tre of wheat. The product of cultivated plants is, called crop produce., , Table 11 Some crop pl, E:No [type of cop |, , 1, | Cereals | Wheat, Pulses [Gram, Cabbage caulifi, , sown in India, Crop produce, ie, bajra, barley,, , bean, moons, , , , , , , , , , , , , , rinjal, , , , , , 3., 4, , , , , , es ara ele ee, Spices [Cardio as ae, , , , , , Cotton, jute, Kemp, , 6._| Fibre crops, ‘Tea, coffee, rubber, coconut, , , , , , 7. | Plantation, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , crops, 3 | Sugar crops [Sugar cane, sugarbeet, , 3. [Oilerops __|Groundnut, mustard, castor, , [ 10. | Medicinal | Tulsi, Asparagus, neem |, __| cops, , (Ai. [rimber, , , , , , Horticulture (Hortus- garden, culturecultivation) is a branch of agriculture that deals, with the production of vegetables, fruits and, ‘ornamental (decorative) plants, It is similar to, agriculture but is usually carried on a small, scale. Some important horticultural crops of, India are potato, tomato, cabbage (vegetables),, apple, guava, pear (fruits), Tose, jasmine, croton, {ornamental plants), ie