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INDUSTRIES, Tick the correct Answer:, (i) Silicon Valley is located in, (a) Bangalore, (b) California, (c) Ahmedabad, (ii) Which one of the following industries is known as the sunrise industry?, (a) Iron and steel industry, (b) Cotton textile, (c) Information Technology, (iii) Which one of the following is a natural fibre?, (a) nylon, (b) jute, (c) acrylic, (iv) What class of economic activities does manufacturing come under?, (a) Primary, (b) Secondary, (c) Tertiary, (d) Primary as well as secondary, (v) Which industry is the base of all other industries?, (a) Cotton textile industry, (b) Leather industry, (c) Iron and steel industry, (d) IT industry, (vi) What class of industries does Maruti Udyog come under?, (a) Joint sector, (b) Private sector, (c) Public sector, (d) Cooperative sector, (vii) Which of these factors affect the location of industries?, (a) Power, (b) Availability of raw material, (c) Transport, (d) All of these, (viii) What process does the iron ore undergo in a blast furnace?, (a) Smelting
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(b) Refining, (c) Extraction, (d) None of these, (ix) What is the output of iron and steel industry?, (a) Steel, (b) Pig iron, (c) Iron ore, (d) All of these, (x) Which of these states has some major steel-producing centers?, (a) Punjab, (b) Jharkhand, (c) Tamil Nadu, (d) Maharashtra, (xi) What is the name of the place where TISCO began?, (a) Kharkai, (b) Calcutta, (c) Sakchi, (d) Rourkela, (xii) From where does the iron ore come to Pittsburgh?, (a) Silicon Valley, (b) Florida, (c) Minnesota, (d) Washington, II.FILL IN THE BLANKS, 1.The river that provides sufficient water to Osaka’s textile industry is Yodo., , 2.Basket-weaving, handicraft, and pottery are examples of small scale industries., 3.Factors affecting the location of industries are power, raw material, labour, capital, market,, transport, communication, etc. (give any four), 4.Regions like the Mumbai-Pune cluster and Chhotanagpur industrial belt are important, industrial regions of India., 5.The four states where most steel-producing centres are located are West Bengal,, Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, 6.The first cotton textile mill was established in Ahmedabad in 1850
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7.Silicon Valley is located near the Rocky Mountains., III. TRUE OR FALSE, 1.The leather industry is a forest-based industry.(true), 2.Small capital and infrastructure characterize small-scale industries.(true), 3.Milk dairies like Sudha Dairy are joint sector industries.(false), 4.Raw materials are inputs into an industry’s manufacturing process.(true), 5.Major industrial regions tend to be located in the temperate areas, near seaports and coal, fields.(true), 6.The iron and steel industry is a sunrise industry.(false), 7.While smelting, heating is done beyond the melting point.(true), 8.Alloying with other elements changes the properties of steel.(true), 9.The nearest station to the Sakchi steel plant was Kalimati.(true), IV. MATCH THE FOLLOWING (direct answers are given), 1.Silicon valley., , – California, , 2.Silicon Plateau., , -Bangalore, , 3.First successful textile mill., 4.Initiation of TISCO., 5.Manchester of Japan., 6.River Yodo., 7.Manchester of India., , -Mumbai, -Sakchi, - Osaka, – provides water for mills, – Ahmedabad, , V. ANSWER IN A WORD OR SENTENCES, 1.What is meant by the term ‘industry’?, Ans. Industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods,, extraction of minerals, or provision of services.
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2. Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?, Ans. The location of industries is affected by the availability of raw material, land, water, labour,, power, capital, transport, and market., 3. Expand the abbreviation AMUL. Where is its headquarters?, Ans.Anand Milk Union Limited. Its headquarters are in Anand, Gujarat., 4. Name four common processes involved in the textile industry., Ans.Ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing are processes involved in the textile industry., 5. Name an industrial region in northern India., Ans.The Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region is an industrial region in northern India., 6.Name some elements alloyed with steel., Ans.Aluminium, nickel, and copper are elements that are alloyed with steel., 7.What products do industrial plants in Jamshedpur produce?, Ans.Industrial plants produce chemicals, locomotive parts, agricultural equipment, machinery,, tinplate, etc., 8.What is the link between the mines and the industry in Pittsburgh?, Ans.The Great Lakes of North America lying between the mines and industrial plants in, Pittsburgh., 9.Name two natural fibres and two human-made fibres., Ans.Two natural fibres: wool, silk. Two human-made fibres: nylon, polyester., 10.Give a reason for the fact that the cotton textile industry in India could not compete with that, in the West initially., Ans.The production of handwoven cotton textiles in India was expensive and time-consuming,, so it could not compete with the Western standards., 11.What industries have started replacing the textile industry in Osaka?, Ans.Iron and steel, machinery, shipbuilding, automobiles, electrical equipment, and cement, industry have begun to replace the textile industry in Osaka., 12.Why is Bangalore called “Silicon Plateau”?, Ans.Bangalore is called Silicon Plateau because of the IT industry there, and the word “plateau”, refers to the Deccan Plateau where it is located., VI Distinguish between the following
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Agro-based and mineral-based industry, (ii) Public sector and joint sector industry, , VII. Give two examples of each the following., 1.Raw materials, , - ores, plants, , 2.End products., , - clothes that we wear, a car, , 3.Tertiary activities., , – Trade, banking, , 4.Agro-based industries. – food processing, leather industry, 5.Cottage industries., , – basket weaving, pottery, , 6.Co-operatives., , – Amul, Sudha Dairy, , VIII. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING, 1. Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry and why?, , Ans. Ships, trains, trucks, and automobiles are made largely of steel. From safety pins, to big ships are made from steel., •, •, •, •, , Oil wells are drilled with steel machinery., Steel pipelines transport oil., Minerals are mined with steel equipment., Farm machines are mostly made of steel.
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•, , Large buildings have steel framework, , 2. Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?, Ans. Cotton textile industry expanded rapidly in Mumbai initially because of the presence of, a lot of favourable conditions. Warm and moist climate, a port situated nearby to import, machinery, easy availability of raw material, and skilled labour were factors behind this., 3. What are the similarities between the information, the technology industry in Bangalore, and California?, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Ans. Bangalore is located on Deccan Plateau, Silicon Valley (Santa Clara Valley), next to the rocky mountains., Both have a clean environment., The mild climate throughout the year (pleasant climate)., Close to educational, scientific, and technological centers., Close to major roads and airports., Good access to markets., Skilled workforce., Low rents and low cost of living., , 4. Mention the major industrial regions of the world., Solution:, Major industrial regions of the world are ….., Eastern North America, Western and central Europe, Eastern Europe, Eastern Asia., , 5. Write a short note on Mineral based industries., Mineral based industries are primary industries that use mineral ores as their raw, materials. The products of these industries feed other industries. Iron made from, iron ore is the product of mineral based industry. This is used as raw material for, the manufacture of a number of other products, such as heavy machinery,, building materials and railway coaches., , 6.What are marine based industries ?, Marine based industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials., Examples of Marine based industries are processing sea food or manufacturing fish, oil., 7. Industries can be classified on the bases of ownership, explain., Solution:, Industries can be classified into 4 sectors in relationship to the ownership of the concerned, industry., - Private sector: Private sector industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of, individuals., - State owned or public sector: The public sector industries are owned and operated by the
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government., - Joint sector: Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a, group of individuals., - Cooperative sector: Co-operative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers, or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both., , 8. Name the classification of industries on the basis of raw material used by them., The industries classified on the basis of raw materials used by them are:, 1., 2., 3., 4., , Agro-based industries, Mineral-based industries, Marine based industries, Forest-based industries, , 9. Define Sunrise Industries., Emerging industries are also known as ‘Sunrise Industries’. These include Information, technology, Wellness, Hospitality and Knowledge., , 10.Define the process ‘smelting’., It is the process in which metals are extracted from their ores by heating beyond the, melting point., IX. Look at the picture given below and answer the following questions:, Picture-1, , (i) What does the above picture show?, (ii) Where was the iron and steel industry located before 1800 A.D.?, Answer:
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(i) It shows the changing location of iron and steel industry., (ii) Before 1800 A.D. iron and steel industry was located where raw materials, power, supply and running water were easily available., Picture-2, , (i) Name the major railway station shown in the figure., (ii) What does the picture show?, Answer:, (i) Tatanagar railway station., (ii) It shows the location of iron and steel industry in Jamshedpur., Map Skills Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries, Question 1., On an outline Map of World show the major iron ore producing areas., (i) Brazil, (ii) South Africa, (iii) Australia, (iv) Germany, (v) India, Answer:
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Question 2., On an outline Map of World show the important iron and steel producing centres., (i) Jharkhand, (ii) Odisha, (iii) Chhattisgarh, (iv) West Bengal
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Answer:
