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Social Science, , -, , Geography, , 8th Std., , 1. The Earth - Our Living Planet, , I. Answer the following, questions briefly:, ., Why is the Earth ealled 'Living Planet'", The Earth is the home for all forms oflife -like plants, animals and, human beings both on land and water bodies, because it is situated in a, , suitable distance from the Sun, range oftemperature, life-supporting, , gases, atmosphere, water cycle etc., 2., , Why are the Northern and Southern hemispheres called Land and, , Water Hemispheres?, The land and water bodies are unevenly distributed between the, Northern and the Southern Hemispheres. The Northern Hemisphere, was 60% of land and 40% of water. Therefore it is called the Land, , Hemisphere' and there is 81% ofwater and 19% of land in the, Southern Hemisphere, so it is called as the 'Water Hemisphere'., , 3., , 4., , What are latitudes and longitudes?, Latitudes are imaginary lines which join all the places which have, the same angular distance to the north or south of the equator., Longitudes are the imaginary lines that intersect the equator at a right, angle joining the north and south pole., What is the difference between local time and Standard time?, , Local time:- The time according to the longitudes of a place or, according to the position of the Sun at that place is known as the local, time. This is based on the local meridian passing over that place., , Standard time:- The longitude which passes through the center of a, is known as Standard Meridian. The time of Standard, Meridian is taken as Standard time. Indian Standard Time is based on, , particular nation, , 82 East longitude., 5., , What is the International Date Line?, , A line passing through 180"meridian diametrically opposite to the, GMT was adopted as the point where circumnavigators should, make adjustments. This line supposed to pass the Pacific ocean along, the 180 Meridian but make short detours in order to avoid land, masses. This is known as the International Date line because the date, and day are changed whenever people cross this line by ships or, , aeroplanes. Any ship crossing this line from west to east gainsa day,, while a shin crossine this line from east to west loses a dav