Page 2 : Technology and Livelihood Education 7/8 (Computer System Servicing), Module 2: Performing Computer Operations, First Edition, 2021, Copyright © 2021, La Union Schools Division, Region I, All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without, written permission from the copyright owners., , Development Team of the Module, Author: Dr. Jennifer B. Mejia, Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team, Content Reviewer: Fatima R. Nana, Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., Design and Layout: Dulce T. Deogracias, Management Team:, Atty. Donato D. Balderas Jr., Schools Division Superintendent, Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, PhD, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent, German E. Flora, PhD, CID Chief, Virgilio C. Boado, PhD, EPS in Charge of LRMS, Belen C. Aquino, PhD, EPS in Charge of English, Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II, Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II, , Printed in the Philippines by: _________________________, Department of Education – SDO La Union, Office Address:, Flores St. Catbangen, San Fernando City, La Union, Telefax:, 072 – 205 – 0046, Email Address:,
[email protected]
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7/8, Technology and, Livelihood Education, Computer System Servicing (CSS), Module 2, Performing Computer Operations (Part 1)
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Introductory Message, This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear, learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you, to understand each lesson., Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you, step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you., Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in, each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better, understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer, the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each, activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these., In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are, also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on, how they can best help you on your home-based learning., Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on, any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises, and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task., If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in, answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher, or facilitator., Thank you.
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Target, , This module provides information about the concepts and underlying principles, in performing computer operations in Computer Systems Servicing. Specifically, you, will learn about how to determine task, select appropriate hardware and software, according to task assigned and follow the occupational health and safety procedures, in the workplace. You will also learn to enter data and access information in, computer using appropriate application., After going through this module, you are expected to:, Learning Competency:, Perform computer operations. (TLE_IACSS9-12PC-Ic-f), Sub Tasks:, • LO 1 – Plan a task to ensure that OSH guidelines and procedures are followed., • LO 2 – Input data into computer, • LO 3 – Access information using computer, , Pre-Test, Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the best answer then write in a separate sheet, of paper., 1. Which of the following covers the legislation, policies, procedures and activities, that aim to protect the health, safety and welfare of all people at the workplace?, A. First-Aid Kit, B. Manufacturers Manual, C. Occupational Health and Safety, D. PC Kit, 2. It refers to the section in the CPU that holds instructions and final results during, processing., A. ALU, B. CU, C. Primary Memory, D. Software, 3. It is an input device that converts numbers, letters and other characters to signals, that the computer can understand?, A. Keyboard, B. Mouse, C. Scanner, D. Microphone, 4. Which of the following input device that allows your voice to be recorded into and, processed by the computer?, A. Keyboard, B. Mouse, C. Scanner, D. Microphone, 5. What software is designed to aid in analyzing, optimizing, configuring and, maintaining a computer software?, A. Application Software, B. Device Driver, C. Firmware, D. Utility Software, , 1, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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6. What application software enables the creation of documents such as letters,, reports, manuals and certificates?, A. Database Software, B. Graphics Programs, C. Presentation Software, D. Word Processor, 7. Which of the following do real work for users?, A. Application Software, B. Device Driver, C. Firmware, D. Utility Software, 8. What shortcut key is use to la Windows Explorer?, A. Windows C, B. Windows D, C. Windows E, D. Windows R, 9. Which among the following is NOT a browser?, A. Google Chrome, B. OPERA, C. Internet Explorer, D. Windows 7, 10. Which of the following is a Window Key?, , A., , B., , C., , D., , 11. What application software are you going to use when you are dealing with, electronic document?, A. Database Software, B. Presentation Software, C. Spreadsheet, D. Word Processor, 12. It refers to a type of software that controls particular hardware which is attached, to the system?, A. Device Drivers, B. Graphics Programs, C. Presentation Software, D. Word Processor, 13. It is where you type what you research in the internet., A. Address Bar, B. Address Box, C. Search Bar, D. Search Box, 14. In accessing information from other computer, where are you going to type the, IP address?, A. Address Bar, B. Address Box, C. Search Bar, D. Search Box, 15. Which of the following are you going to open when accessing files from other, computer?, A. Drive C, B. Drive D, C. Downloads, D. Shared Folder, , 2, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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Jumpstart, ACTIVITY 1: Plan for Safety, Direction: Make a plan on how are you going to use a computer by enumerating the, occupational health and safety procedures., List at least 10 Occupational Health and Safety Procedures in Computer Systems, Servicing workplace., 1. _______________________________________________________, 2. _______________________________________________________, 3. _______________________________________________________, 4. _______________________________________________________, 5. _______________________________________________________, 6. _______________________________________________________, 7. _______________________________________________________, 8. _______________________________________________________, 9. _______________________________________________________, 10. _______________________________________________________, , Discover, , Jobs may require that a repair technician be friendly and accommodating when, working directly with the customer. Other tasks of the technicians might also have, the opportunity to work on other electronic machines and components in addition to, computers, such as printers, monitors or scanners. The ability to perform computer, operations are skills needed nowadays., Any digital computer carries out five functions namely: taking data as input,, stores data/instructions in its memory and use them when required, process the, data and concerts it into useful information, generates the output and controls all, the previous steps., Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), Occupational health and safety (OHS) refers to the legislation, policies, procedures, and activities that aim to protect the health, safety and welfare of all people at the, workplace., , 3, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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Every worker has a right to healthy and safe work and to a work environment that, enables them to live a socially and economically productive life. Safety practices, should be learned early and always adhered to when working with any electrical, device including personal computers and peripherals., Occupational Health and Safety Procedure, • Always ground or discharge yourself before touching any part of the computer., • Do not work alone so that there’s someone who can take care of you in case, of accident or emergency., • Be careful with the tools that may cause short circuit., • Always pull the cable connector on the handle and not on the cable itself., • Use only rubber shoes when standing on the ground or in a concrete floor., • Make sure that the pins are properly aligned when connecting a cable, connector., • Always power off and unplug the computer before working on it., • Take away any liquid such as mineral water or soft drinks near your working, area or near computers., • Contingency measures during workplace accidents, fire and other, emergencies are recognized., ESD (Electro Static Discharge), - A small amount of static electricity that can destroy small parts of your, computer., Anti-static devices, - Devices designed to protect the computer from static electricity., Examples: Anti-static wrist strap; Anti-static mat; Anti-static bag, Basic Computer Operations, , Keyboard, Mouse, Touchscreen, Scanner, Microphone, Camera, , Primary Memory, Arithmetic Logic, Unit, Control Unit, CPU/RAM/Hard, Disk, , Printer, Monitor, Speaker, Headphone, , INPUT, , PROCESS, , OUTPUT, , INPUT, Input is the data you entered into the computer using input devices for, processing. Input devices allow you to communicate with the computer by reading, programs and data. They convert data into computer-readable forms by changing, information or instructions into electrical pulses. These are then transferred to and, stored in the computer’s primary or secondary stage unit., 4, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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1. Keyboard - It converts numbers, letters and other characters to signals that, the computer can understand. Each keyboard key represents a character, which when pressed will be sent to the computer either as an input or a, command., 2. Mouse - the mouse acts as a pointing device that is used to choose and open, programs and data files. Its several buttons give different actions when, pressed. In the monitor, it is usually represented by an arrow called a mouse, pointer., 3. Scanner - this is a computer input device that copies images and texts on a, piece of paper and converts them into digital signal that the computer can, store and process., 4. Microphone - this is a voice and sound input device that allows your voice to, be recorded into and processed by the computer., 5. CD-ROM/DVD-ROM Drive - it is a component that reads and records data in, CD’s and DVDs., 6. Web Camera - Also called webcam, it functions like a digital camera or video, camera which allows you to take images and videos and store them directly, into the computer., , PROCESS, Inside the computer system unit are processor, random access memory (RAM) or, often called as memory, and the hard disk., Memory is closely associated with processor. As you entered the data, the memory, temporarily holds it before and after it is processed., The data from memory is now loaded to the Central Processing Unit (CPU) also known, as processor. This is an encased system that serves as the brain of the computer., It is composed of three units., 1. Primary Memory or Main Storage - This is a section in the CPU that holds, instructions and final results during processing., 2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - It is the part of the CPU that performs, mathematical operations and logical comparisons and divisions., 3. Control Unit (CU) - It is the part of the CPU that directs the sequence of, operations and controls the action of the various units by electrical signals., The control unit receives instructions from software or computer programs, and executes them., , STORAGE DEVICES, These are parts of the computer where data are stored., 1. Primary Memory or Main Storage - It accepts program statements, transfers, information from an input device to an output device. The storage of the CPU, is divided into four areas., , 5, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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Four Areas of Storage of the CPU, Input Storage- receives incoming data for processing., Output storage- holds processed information., Program Storage- Stores program statements fed to the machine., Working Storage-retains semi-processed data or data being processed., Types of Primary Memory, Random Access Memory (RAM) - Also called read/write memory, it stores data and, instructions temporarily. The data disappears as soon as the power source is, switched off., Read Only Memory (ROM) - The data in ROM can be read by the computer but it, cannot be changed. The ROM does not lose its content even if the power supply is, switched off., Programmable Read Only Memory - this is a part of the CPU where programs are, stored and are not changed when power is switched off., Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM) - This is a chip that can be, reprogrammed by erasing the information that is stored earlier by erasing the, information that is stored earlier by exposing the chip to ultraviolet light., Cache Memory - This is a small memory chip that is attached between the CPU and, the main memory. It is used to store frequently used data temporarily to allow faster, access., Registers - When the CPU processes data in a high speed, data move between, various units of the computer. They are not part of the main memory but they store, information temporarily and pass it on as directed by the control unit., Memory – is technically any form of electronic storage, it is, used most often to identify fast, temporary forms of storage., Ex. RAM, ROM, Bios etc., , Secondary Memory or Secondary Storage, This is also known as external storage that stores programs and data that are, not presently used by the computer. Information saved in the secondary memory are, retained even if the computer is turned off., 1. Hard Disk - the hard disk stores your computer’s operating, system (OS), the programs that are installed in your, computer and most of your files. IN the Windows operating, systems, the hard disk is often labeled as Drive C., , 6, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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2. Optical Discs (CD-ROM and DVD-ROM) - these are removable discs that can, store large amounts of information. Optical discs (compact discs and digital, video discs are read by a CD_ROM or DVD ROM drive. Data is saved in optical, discs through a process called burning., 3. Magnetic Tape-It is a recording medium that consists of a thin tape with a, coating of fine magnetic material. It is used as a storage device in making, copies of a video, audio and dat. It is employed with the use of tape drive which, run the magnetic tape during the recording process., 4. Flash Drive- also called jump drive, pen drive and thumb drive, it is a small, flash memory drive with a USB (Universal Serial Bus) connection. Being a, read-and write disc, a flash drive is a convenient storage device that you can, open to read files and write new files to., 5. Floppy disk- also called diskette, this contains a flexible magnetic disc that, holds data. You need a floppy disk drive, usually called Drive A to read a floppy, disk. It is not as widely used now due to its limited storage capacity (1.44, megabytes), and has become an optional part of the personal computer., , OUTPUT, Output is the result produced by the processor. Output is usable information, and it can be in the form of numbers, words, graphs, charts. As you enter the data, or after the data has been processed, you will see the result through computer, monitor, which is considered as primary output device., 1. Printer- it is a computer output device that produces printed copies of, documents and other data in paper., 2. Monitor- it is a visual device that displays the information, commands and, actions that you command your computer to process., 3. Speaker- it is a device that makes sounds, clips and any audio materials be, heard., 4. Headphone- It is another version of a speaker that is worn in or over the ears, to hear audio or sounds., 5. Data Projector- it allows the information to be displayed on the big screen so, that the projected information can be seen in a large image., , Other Hardware inside of the Computer, Motherboard – also known as the mainboard. It contains, circuit that perform various functions., , 7, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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•, , Network Interface Card – also known as LAN card. A, , PC interface to network cabling. It is a piece of computer, hardware designed to allow computers to communicate over, a computer network, , • Video Card – also referred to as a graphics accelerator card,, display adapter, graphics card, and numerous other terms, is, an item of personal computer hardware whose function is to, generate and output images to a display. It operates on similar, principles as a sound card or other peripheral devices., • Sound Card – is a computer expansion card that can input, and output sound under control of computer programs., , , , Power supply –changes the alternating current (AC), that comes from an outlet to the direct current (DC), that a computer can use., Note: the capacity of power is measured in watts., , •, , IDE cable / SATA Cables – serve as connectors, , Types of Software, 1. Systems Software -includes the operating, system and all the utilities that enable the, computer to function. This computer software, sanctions a platform or environment, for the other software to work in., Some common system software examples are:, 1. Operating System - the most prominent, example of System Software. It is a collection of software that handles, resources and provides general services for the other applications that run, over them. It is important to consider the hardware specifications before, choosing an operating system. Some examples of Operating systems given, below: Android;CentOS;iOS;Linux;Mac OS;MS Windows; Ubuntu and Unix, 2. Device Drivers - a type of software that controls particular hardware which is, attached to the system. Further, there are two types of device drivers: Kernel, Device Drivers and User Device Driver. Some examples of device drivers are:, , 8, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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BIOS Driver; Display Drivers; Motherboard Drivers; Printer Drivers; ROM, Drivers etc., 3. Firmware - is the permanent software that is embedded into a read-only, memory. It is a set of instructions permanently stored on a hardware device., It provides essential information regarding how the device interacts with other, hardware. Firmware can be considered as ‘semi-permanent’ as it remains, permanent unless it is updated using a firmware updater. Some examples of, firmware are: BIOS; Computer Peripherals; Consumer Applications etc., 4. Programming Language Translators: These are mediator programs on which, software programs rely to translate high-level language code to simpler, machine-level code. Besides simplifying the code, the translators also do the, following: Assign data storage; Enlist source code as well as program details;, Offer diagnostic reports; Rectify system errors during the runtime., 5. Utility Software - designed to aid in analyzing, optimizing, configuring and, maintaining a computer system. It supports the computer infrastructure. This, software focuses on how an OS functions. Softwares like antiviruses, disk, cleanup & management tools, compression tools, defragmenters, etc are all, utility tools. Some examples of utility tools are Avast Antivirus,Directory, Opus,McAfee Antivirus,Piriform CCleaner,Razer Cortex,Windows File, Explorer,WinRAR and WinZip., 2. Applications Software - includes programs that do real work for users, such, as, word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems., Some of the common application software used:, Word Processor - enables creation of documents such as letters, reports,, manuals, and certificates., Examples: MS Word, Libre Office Writer, Open Office Writer, , , Spreadsheet - An electronic document in which data is arranged in the rows, and columns of a grid and can be manipulated and used in calculations., Examples: MS Excel, Libre Office Calc, Google Sheets, , , , Database Software - is an organized collection of data, generally stored and, accessed electronically from a computer system., Examples: MS Access, MySQL, Oracle, , , , Presentation Software - these are programs that allow users to create, electronic presentation for reports and other functions in the form of slides., Examples: MS PowerPoint, Prezi, Zoho Show, , , , Desktop Publishing Software - allows the user to manage visual content,, including page layout and design to produce various materials, such as books,, pamphlets, reports and booklets., Examples: MS Publisher, Adobe InDesign, Quark Press, , , , Graphics Programs - these allow the creation and manipulation of graphics,, images, objects, and pictures., Examples: CorelDraw, Photoshop, and Computer Aided Design (CAD), 9, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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, , Educational Software - these include tutorials and electronic lessons that, give students knowledge or training in a particular subject or skill, such as, Math or Science or in gardening or cooking., , Ways to Access Information in Computer, A. Information Stored in a Computer, Method 1. Manually locate the file., This method is applicable whether your file is stored in hard disk, flash drive,, network drive, CD/DVD or portable external hard disk., 1. Use shortcut key Window + E to launch windows explorer. Window + E means, press and hold down first Window key (do not release), followed by letter E key, then release both keys., Note: Window key is a key in your keyboard with this logo, , Point your mouse and double click to the drive (drive C, D, E for example), where you store your file., 2. Double click again the folder where your file is located., , 3. Once you found your file, double click the mouse to open it., Method 2. Using Search box., (This method is applicable also in a storage devices mentioned in Method 1.), Your computer has a “Search” feature where can type at least part of the filename, of your file, then computer will find it for you., 1. Use shortcut key Window + E to launch windows explorer., 2. Open the drive letter, 3. On the upper right corner of the window, you will find the search box., , 10, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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4. Enter the filename you want to search in search box and press enter., 5. List of files will be displayed as a result of search. Select your file and double, click to open it., B. Information from Internet, Internet is a global information library. It contains information available for users., To be able to search information in internet, your computer must be connected in, internet and has a browser installed. Browser is a program that allows you to browse, web pages on the Internet. A Search Engine is a software accessed on the internet, that carry out internet search. Some common browsers: Google Chrome, Mozilla, Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Apple Safari, Opera, Microsoft Internet Explorer. Some, common search engine are google.com, bing.com, AOL.com, ask.com, yahoo.com, Steps to access information from internet, 1. Connect to internet., 2. Open your browser., 3. In the address bar, type your search engine web site then press Enter., , 4. In the search box, type the topic you want to search then, press Enter., , 5. The results will be displayed for you to select. Just click on the result you want, to open., C. Information from Other Computer, 1. Press Window key + E to open explorer., 2. On the address bar, type \\ and the IP address of other computer you want, to access then press Enter., 3. Open the shared folder to access your files., , 11, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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Activity 1 –, , Explore, , ACTIVITY 1 – Input Data, Direction: Using a computer, input the following data applying your ideas in MS, Word. Make your own resume using 8 x 11 size of coupon bond. Use Font Style:, Bookman Old Style; and Font Size: 12. Margin 1” x 1”. Send the soft copy of your, output to the class group chat of this subject., , ACTIVITY 2 – STORAGE BOX, Direction: On a separate sheet of paper, give the functions of the following devices, in processing data., 1. Input Storage, __________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________________, 2. Output Storage, __________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________________, 3. Program Storage, __________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________________, 4. Working Storage, __________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________________, 5. Random Access Memory, __________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________________, , 12, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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Deepen, ACTIVITY 1: I ACCESS, SUCCESS, Direction: Through your understanding in computer hardware. Follow the steps in, accessing information in your computer using the search box and search the, following:, 1. Who is the father of Computer? Explain why he became the father of, Computer? (5 points), ___________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________., 2. What is learning delivery modality? What modality you are using in your, school? (5 points), ___________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________________., 3. Give a five-sentence reflection on how did you access information in the, computer or your cellphone., ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, __________________________________________________________________________., , ACTIVITY 2 – TECH SAVVY- ME, Direction: Answer the given questions on a sheet of paper., 1. Give the five steps in accessing information in the internet., ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, 2. What are the two methods in accessing information or files stored in the, computer?, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, ___________________________________________________________________________, , 13, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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Gauge, Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper., 1. What application software are you going to use when you are dealing with, electronic document?, A. Database Software, B. Presentation Software, C. Spreadsheet, D. Word Processor, 2. It refers to a type of software that controls particular hardware which is, attached to the system?, A. Device Drivers, B. Graphics Programs, C. Presentation Software, D. Word Processor, 3. It is where you type what you research in the internet., A. Address Bar, B. Address Box, C. Search Bar, D. Search Box, 4. In accessing information from other computer, where are you going to type the, IP address?, A. Address Bar, B. Address Box, C. Search Bar, D. Search Box, 5. Which of the following are you going to open when accessing files from other, computer?, A. Drive C, B. Drive D, C. Downloads, D. Shared Folder, 6. Which of the following covers the legislation, policies, procedures and activities, that aim to protect the health, safety and welfare of all people at the workplace?, A. First-Aid Kit, B. Manufacturers Manual, C. Occupational Health and Safety, D. PC Kit, 7. It refers to the section in the CPU that holds instructions and final results during, processing., A. ALU, B. CU, C. Primary Memory, D. Software, 8. It is an input device that converts numbers, letters and other characters to, signals that the computer can understand?, A. Keyboard, B. Mouse, C. Scanner, D. Microphone, 9. Which of the following input device that allows your voice to be recorded into and, processed by the computer?, A. Keyboard, B. Scanner, C. Mouse, D. Microphone, 10. What software is designed to aid in analyzing, optimizing, configuring and, maintaining a computer software?, A. Application Software, B. Device Driver, C. Firmware, D. Utility Software, , 14, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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11. What application software enables the creation of documents such as letters,, reports, manuals and certificates?, A. Database Software, B. Graphics Programs, C. Presentation Software, D. Word Processor, 12. Which of the following do real work for users?, A. Application Software, B. Device Driver, C. Firmware, D. Utility Software, 13. What shortcut key is used to la Windows Explorer?, A. Windows C, B. Windows D, C. Windows E, D. Windows R, 14. Which among the following is NOT a browser?, A. Google Chrome, B. OPERA, C. Internet Explorer, D. Windows 7, 15. Which of the following is a Window Key?, , A., , C., , B., , D., , 15, LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2
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LU_TLE-CSS7/8_Module2, 16, , Explore, Activity 1 – STORAGE BOX, 1. Input Storage- receives incoming data, for processing., 2. Output storage- holds processed, information., 3. Program Storage- Stores program, statements fed to the machine., 4. Working Storage-retains semi-processed, data or data being processed., 5. Random Access Memory (RAM)- Also, called read/write memory, it stores data and, instructions temporarily., Deepen, ACTIVITY 2 – TECH-SAVVY Me, 1. Steps to access information from internet, 1. Connect to internet., 2. Open your browser., 3. In the address bar, type your search, engine web site then press Enter., 4. In the search box, type the topic you, want to search then press Enter., 5. The results will be displayed for you to, select. Just click on the result you want, to open., 2. Two Methods in Accessing Stored Information, 1. Manually locate the file., 2. Using the Search Box, , Pre-Test / GAUGE, 1. C, 2. C, 3. A, 4. D, 5. D, 6. D, 7. A, 8. C, 9. D, 10.A, 11.C, 12.A, 13.D, 14.A, 15.D, , 1. C, 2. A, 3. D, 4. A, 5. D, 6. C, 7. C, 8. A, 9. D, 10. D, 11.D, 12.A, 13.C, 14.D, 15.A, , Answer Key
