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ACTIVE AND, PASSIVE VOICE, , 15, Read the following sentences carefully., (a), , The magician took his hat., , (b), , He kept it on the table., , (c), , He pulled out a rabbit., , (d) The children clapped loudly, In sentences (a), (b) and (c), the magician and he, action., , every, , subject, , In, , sentence, , the subjects and doer of, the action and also the, (d), the children are the doer of, voice as the, All the above sentences are in the active, are, , of the verb clapped., , subject is the doer of action., , verb is said, , subject ofa verb is the doer of an action, the, (b), Examples: (a) The elephant ate the bananas., , When the, , Nina, , to be in the active, , voice., , typed the application., , Here the elephant and Nina are the subjects., Now,, , let, , us, , consider the, , sentences, , given below., , the table by him., Examples : (a) A hat was taken by the magician. (b) It was kept on, (c) A rabbit was pulled out., doer of the action, i.e., a hat, it, a rabbit., n each of the above sentences, the subject is not the, was pulled., was taken, was kept and, sentences are in the passive voice. The verbs here are:, , These, , A verb is in the passive voice when it tells us what is done to a person or thing. The subject is the, , receiver of the action in the passive voice., , ARECAP, , 444A, , In all the above examples, the action is passed on to an object. Usually, verbs that require direct objects to, can be changed into the passive form., their meaning are called transitive verbs and only these, complete, In sentence (d), there is no object. The children clapped loudly. This sentence can't be changed into, , passive voice., , A, , Read the following sentences and write whether, Underline the verb in each sentence, , they, , are, , in the active, , Aacsice, , 1. The king crowned the prince as his successor. Halx.e...ACL, 2 Your motherteaches Science. ..HcMe....oice, 3. Peopleclected him as their representative. .Ac.ioe.Nai.cR, 4. The sheep was chased by the wolf. .waan.a..oice, 5. Grandma narrateda story...c.c.oice, 6. The children loved Jawaharlal Nehru. H.CANGpMGEA, , 7. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming, Imad.S., 8. The song wascomposed by AR Rehman."Ca, MSa.., c, 114, , Cadova, , Leauing Series Grammar-7, , CS, , or, , passive, , voice.
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B Refer to the table on pronouns and change the following sentences into the passive voics, oice, , 1. He sold the house., , 2, , She caught the, butterfly, , bocok, , 3. You, 4., , packed the bag.s t e, They are constructing a new bridge., , 5. She is washing clothes., 6. They are painting the fence., , 7. She broke the vase., 8. I embroidered a saree., , FEATURE, When a transitive verb has two objects-direct and indirect object then either, of the obiees., become the subject. Such a verb with two objects is called a ditransitive verb., , objects can, , Example:, , Suman gave, , subject, In passive voice, this, , her, , book., , a, , indirect, , direct, , object, , object, , sentence can, , (active voice), , be re-written in two ways:, , (a) She was given a book by Suman., (b) A book was given to her by Suman., In these, , examples,, , both the direct object (book) or indirect object, passive voice. Passive form as given in (b) is more commonly used., , (her), , can act as a, , subject, , in the, , Change these sentences into the passive voice and give two passive forms for sentences 2 and 3., 1. They compelled Raman to leave the house., , 2. Mother presented a purse to me., , 3. Ms Nalini teaches, , us, , M o t e b o u k, , English., , 4. Rama has drawn this cartoon for me., , 5. He compelled her to attend the function., , Note: We generally use the active voice but when the doer ofthe action is unknown, not important or not, very clear, we use the passive voice., , Example:, , Someone stole her purse. (active-the doer of the action is not specified), Her purse was stolen. (passive), , SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENTIN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE FORMS, It is important to note that the subject must agree with the verb in all sentences in the passive voice too., , Examples: (a), , The gown was stitched by the tailor., , (b) The gowns were stitched by the tailor., , In sentence (a), the subject the gown is singular so the verb was is used. When the subject in pasive, active voice is singular is / was is used., In sentence (b), the subject the gowns is plural so the verb were is used., , 116, , Cordova Leauning Series Grammar-7
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In the, , above sentences 'invented', , changed to 'was invented., , The verb changes to be' (is, are, was, were) + the past participle of the verb., , Example:, , The guests brought, , bouquets., , verb, , Bouquets were brought by the guests., were + brought, , (be) (past participle), Now let us discuss in detail the changes in verbs from the active to passive voice in various tenses., , SIMPLE PRESENT, (a), , She decorates the house during festivals. (active), The house is decorated, , (b), , by her during festivals. (passive), , Does he wish you on your birthday? (active), Are you wished, , birthday by him? (passive), (c) Who sings devotional songs? (active), on, , your, , By whom are the devotional songs sung? (passive), Who, , the devotional songs sung by?, The second pattern is much in use these days., are, , (passive), , Active voice : root form of the verb, sometimes with - s or es (decorates, does, sings), , Passive voice : is/are/am+ past participle of the verb (is decorated, are wished, are sung), Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs given in brackets., 1. Students, , areinformed about the change in time table. (inform), , 2. The patient ia.coedtothe ICU after the doctor's recommendation. (admit), , 3. The guestsOAM.Aptoreach the venue on time. (expect), 4. All the doors Quhkoc.katnight. (lock), 5. By whom.., , . the vegetable biryani AR.a0ARAL? (prepare), , Change these sentences from the active to passive 1, 1. Derek O'Brien conducts a quiz for the children of our school once every month., 2. Does the doctor give you strong medicines?, , M o t elbavk, , 3. Who plays the casio?, 4. The chef cooks exotic dishes everyday., 5. The teacher encourages children to perform well., , PRESENT CONTINUOUS, (a), , Children are reading books in the library. (active), Books are being read by children in the library (passive), , (b), , Why is she plucking flowers? (active), Why are flowers being plucked by her? (passive), , 118, , Cordova Leauing Series Grammar-7
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reading, , you, , Are, , a, , novel?, , (active), , beingread by you? (passive), -ing form of the verb (are, , a novel, , i c e :is/are/am + ., Active, , oice:is/are/am, , e, , Passive, , Changethe, The, , reading, is plucking), , + being + past participle form of the verb (are being read, are being plucked), , following sentences from the active to passive voice., , company, , is launching, , a new, , project., Malelocrk, , preparing vegetable soup for dinner?, 2., shehitting the dog?, Why is, is explaining the new rules to the students., The Principal, the papers., 5She is checking, Are you}, , PRESENTPERFECT, , (a), , He, , has, , ten many novels in the past. (active), , writter, , Many novels hav, , Who has, , broken the glass?, , Br whom, , Activevoice, , been written by him in the past. (passive), , (active), , has the glass been broken?, , (passive), , has/have + past participle form of the verb (has written, has been broken), , + been + past participle form of the verb (have been written,, voice : has/have, sentences from the active to passive voice., NChange the following, , 2., , man., That car has hit an old, him the head, The Principal has appointed, , has been broken), , boy,, , the real story?, 3. Has he told you, has pruned the bushes., 4. The gardener, the, 5. Who scattered, , garbage here?, , SIMPLEPAST, the aircraft at a great height. (active), (a) The pilot flew, , (b), , The aircraft was flown, , by the pilot at a great height. (passive), , Did he post the letter?, , (active), , Was the letter posted by him? (passive), , (c), , Who created confusion in the class?, , (active), , By whom was confusion created in the, , class?, , (passive), , Active voice: past tense of the verb (flew, did post, created), , Passive voice: was/were, , +, , past participle form, , of the verb (was flown,, , was, , posted, was created), , Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the simple past tense, 1. The event Aa2o..MPO, , by a popular brand of fast food. (sponsor), , 2. She MAA...L t o clean the house properly. (tell), , Cadowa Leaning Sevies Grammar-7 119
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3. A classical, song, by the singe. (present), ., 4. The formula, Laasa..dAd, the teacher. (teach), ******|, P A R a R d h o l, , neplayers Js.eA, , . . by the mipister in a public function. (honour), , emoUwLAA, , Change these sentences from the active to passive voice., 1. The artists showcased the paintings at the art gallery., man., policeman questioned the suspicious-looking, 3. Who declared the result of the competition?, o, , 2., , The, , 4., , Did he take your, , t, , e, , l, , e, , o, , k, , permission before he left?, , 5. My brother gave me an iPod for a day., , PAST CONTINUOUUS, , skidded off the road., , (active), , driving the car very fast when it, road. (passive), him when it skidded off the, The car was being driven very fast by, ? (active), (6) Were you carrying all the required things, carried by you? (passive), Were all the required things being, the verb (was driving, were carrying), Active voice : was/were + -ing form of, form ofthe verb (was being driven, were being carried), Passive voice: was/were + being + past participle, , (a), , He was, , Change these sentences from, , the active to passive voice., , A1. The audience was laughing at the clown., 2. She, , was, , supporting the villagers during the, , discussion., , 3. Was he writing the biography of Lata Mangeshkar?, 4. The teacher was demonstrating an experiment., 5. Were you, , painting the door?, , PAST PERFECT, (a), , My uncle had sold the house last year. (active), The house had been sold by my uncle last year. (passive), , (b) Had you boiled all, , the, , vegetables? (active), , Had all the vegetables been boiled by you? (passive), Active voice : had + past participle form of the verb (had sold, had boiled), Passive voice: had been + past participle form of the verb (had been sold, had been boiled), , KRewrite these sentences in the passive voice., The woodcutter had felled many trees in the forest., 2. Father had advised, , me, , to, , carry a torch, , as, , it, , was, , dark outside., , 3. Had you taken many woollens to the hill station?, , 4. His friend had explained the theorem clearly, 5. I had polished the shoes at night., , 120 Coxdova Leaning Series Grammar-7
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sMPLE, FUTURE, , sandwiches in the evening. (active), be made by ne in the, es shall, evening., s, , a, , n, , d, , w, , i, , o, , l, , make, , 1, , shall, , Sandwiches, , (passive), , they construct the bridge? (active), ridge be constructed by them?, Whenwill, (passive), hen : shal, hall/will + root form of the verb, (shall, make, will construct), ve, chall be/will be + past participle form of the, verb (shall be made, will be, constructeda, will, , When, , voice, , Aetive, , ., , P a s s i v e, v o i c e, , these sentences in the passive voice., , ewrite, , will follow the leader in the years to come., People, 2 Howwill, wil they cross the desert in this hot summer?, she throw a party for her friends? M c t e b o o, When will, music will disturb, my, The loud, , neighbour., , 4, , 5, I, , will borrow your pen later., , FUTUI, s, Terbs, , oo, , CONTINUOUSTENSE, , in the, , future, , uous tense cannot be, continu, , changed to the passive voice., , FUTUREPERFECT TENSE, )Hewillhave consulted a doctor before 8 pm. (active), have been consulted by him before 8, A doctor will, pm., Will they have openeda new account before the end of the month? (active), , (passive), , 6), , Will a new account have been opened by them before the end of the month? (passive), , Active voice : will/shall + have + past participle form of the verb (will have consulted, will have opened), Passive voice : will/shall + have been + past participle form of the verb (will have been consulted, will have, , been opened), , MChange these sentences from the active to passive voice., 1., , They will have distributed the forms by Saturday., , 2, , She will have washed the dishes before, evening, , e, , s, , t, , e, , ., , b, , e, , k, , 3. Will they have closed the gates before 9 pm?, 4. The birds will have built the nest in the next few, days., 5. The train will have carried, many passengers before it reaches its final destination., Verbs in the, , perfect continuous tenses can never be expressed in the passive voice., , Modal Auxiliaries (can, could, may, might, should, would, must, ought to), When we have sentences with modal auxiliaries in the active voice, the sentences, passive voice as follows:, , can, , be rewritten in the, , Examples: (a) We ought to pay our taxes on time. (active), Our taxes ought to be paid on time. (passive), , Coxdeua Leauning Seuies Grammar-7, , 121
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(active), () May God bless you with more happiness., (passive), more happiness., May you be blessed with, , () Can you carry this heavy bag? (active), you? (passive), Can this heavy bag be carried by, (d), Active, , How, , can, , How, , can, , voice : The auxiliary, , 1. She, , be, , +, , auxiliary, be carried, can be committed), , Change, , form of the verb, , + root, , Passive voice: The, , these, , crime? (active), he commit such a, committed by him?, such a crime be, , sentences, , +, , past participle, , ought to pay the house tax on, , Sentences, , (a), , (b), , narrate a, , story to the, , to, , carry,, , can, , be paid,, , co, , mav, , Nesse, , region?, , child?, , beginning with Let:, , Let him book the tickets., , (active), , Let the tickets be booked, , by him. (passive), , Let, , ofthe verb (ought, , can, , time., , 3. Can you prepare a detailed map ofthe, 4. Can you iron the clothes today?, Can you, , form, , may bless,, , voice., from the active to passive, , success!, 2. May God bless you with great, , 5., , (ought to pay,, , us, , recollect old memories., , (active), , Let old memories be recollected. (passive), , Commands, , (a), , Close the window. (active), Let the window be closed. (passive), , (b), , Throw the garbage in the dustbin. (active), , Let the garbage be thrown in the dustbin. (passive), Re-write the following sentences in the passive voice and change the tense form of the rei, , accordingly., 1. He founded this institute last year., 2. They built this hospital in 1985., 3. The minister distributed food, , packets to the flood victims., , 4. The policeman caught the thieves., , 5. The baker has baked cookies., 6. The old man was making kites., , 7. She will make a greeting card., 8. The ironsmith has been making iron, 9. The, , boy had, , eaten an, , egg, , 10. A little lamb had followed, , 122, , tools, , Mary, , Codoua Leauing Sesies Grammar-7
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Mother was, , itting a sweater yesterday., , lohn Keats wrote Ode To A Nightingale, , 12.John, , SFORMATION OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES INTO PASSIVE VOICE, , RANSFORMATIC, , interrogative, , the, , sentences, , Read, , When interro, , given here., , tive sentences are changed into the passive voice, their interrogative form does not change., , Did you eat the apples? (active voice), (a), , Were the, , apples eaten by you? (passive voice), , (b) Have you washed the dishes? (active voice), , Have the dishes been washed, , by you? (passive voice), , hove sentence (a), the verb did eat changes to were eaten. Auxiliary verbs do, does;, hange to is, are, was, were (in passive voice) in, rrogative sentences. Again auxiliary, active voice) cha, ke have, has (in active voice) change to has/have been + past participle of the verb., , erbs like, , Evamples:, , (a) Did you use the set of binoculars? (active voice), , Was the, , (b), , of binoculars used, by you?, Does she make garlands? (active voice), , Are, , question begins, questio, , word is, , retain, , set, , (passive voice), , garlands made by her? (passive voice), , with, , who, what, , and, , preposition usually 'by' is used., , a, , or, , which and is changed from the active, , to, , passive, , voice the, , Examples: (a) Who broke the cup? (activevoice), , By whom was the cup broken? (passive voice), , (b) When did you complete your work? (active voice), When was the work completed by you? (passive voice), , Change the following into the passive voice., 1. Which house did they paint?, 2. When did you eat breakfast?, 3. Who threw the ball at Nita?, , 4. Did you post the letter?, , Mate, bovk, , 5. Does he like movies?, , 6. Did Kirit take all the books?, 7. Does he recite poems?, 8. Who composed this song?, , ., , passage and fill in the blanks with the, and make delicious sandwiches at home., , Read the following, , brackets, , Fresh slices of bread are taken (take). Butter ., , passive, , (spread), , on, , form of verbs, , given, , in, , the slices. Cucumber and, , ***mmmse***** (peel). The slices, ..(wash) before they ***, tomatoes ***************************, (cut) after salt and pepper, (placed) on the buttered slices. The edges ofthe bread slices *snensesemnne**, ******, , ******************er******** (sprinkle) on the slices of vegetables. The sandwiches ************************, .., Or, , ***, , (eat) fresh, , .(pack) to be taken along., , Cordoua Reanning Series Grammar-7, , 123
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2, , caught by her., A new bridge is being constructed by, , Clothes are being washed by her., , 6., , The fence is being painted by them., , The vase was broken by her., , 8., , A saree was embroidered by me., , B. 1., , The house was sold by him., , 3., , The bag was packed by you., , 7., C. 1., , 4, , The butterfly, , was, , them., , leave the house., I was presented a purse by mother., A purse was presented to me by mother., We are taught English by Ms Nalini., English is taught to us by Ms Nalini., , Raman, , was, , compelled by them, , This cartoon has been drawn, , by, , to, , Rama for, , me., , 5. She was compelled by him to attend the function., 4. are, 3 are expected, D. 2. is admitted, , 5., , locked, , is, prepared, , E. 1. A quiz by Derek o'Brien is conducted for the children of our school once every month, , given strong medicines by the doctor?, , 2., , Are you, , 3., , By whom is the casio played?, , 4., , Exotic dishes are cooked by the chef everyday., , 5. Children, , are, , encouraged by the teacher to perform well., , E.1. Anew project is being launched bythe company., 2., , Is vegetable soup being prepared by you for dinner?, , 3. Why is the dog being hit by her?, The new rules are being explained by the Principal to the students., , 5 The papers are being checked by her., G. 1., , An old man has been hit by that car., , 2, , He has been appointed the head boy by the Principal., , 3, , Has the real story been told to you, , by him?, , The bushes have been pruned by the gardener., 5., , By whom was the garbage scattered here?, 2, , was told, , 3., , presented, , 4., , H. 1., , was sponsored, , I., , The paintings were showcased by the artists at the art gallery., , 1., , was, , was, , The suspicious looking man was questioned by the policeman., 3, , 44, 5, , By whom was the result of the competition declared?, Was your permission taken by him before he lefi?, I was given an iPod by my brother for a day., , taught, , 5., , were, , honoured
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5., , The sno, , 5., , will be followed by people in the, The leader, years to come., crossed, the, them, by, in this hot, How will desert be, summer?, 1., , When will a party be thrown by her for her friends?, , 3., M y neighbour will be disturbed by the loud music., , sYour, pen will be borrowed by me, 5., , later., , will have been distributed by them, by, M. 1. The forms, have, been, will, washed, T h e dishes, by her before evening., Will the gates have been closed by them before 9 p.m2, , Saturday, , The nest, , will have been built by the birds in the, , few davs., by the train before it reaches its final, 5. Many passengers, destination., The house tax ought to be paid by her on time., , 4., , next, , Will have been carried, , May you be blessed with great success!, , 3 Can a detailed map of the region be prepared by you?, A. Can the clothes be ironed today by you?, , 5, , Can a story be narrated by you to the child?, , This institute, , founded last year by him. 2. This, hospital was built in 1985 by them., 3. Food packets were distributed by the minister to the flood victims., , o, , was, , 4., , The thieves, , 6., , Kites were being made by the old man., , 7., 1., , 8., , No passive form, , The cookies have been baked by the baker., A greeting card will be made, by her., , 9., 9., , An egg had been eaten, , were, , caught by, , the, , policeman., , 5., , 10. Mary had been followed by a little lamb., 11. A sweater, , 12., P., , 1., 3., , 5., 7., 0, , by, , the, , boy., , being knit by Mother yesterday., Ode to A Nightingale' was written by John Keats., Which house was painted by them?, 2 When was breakfast eaten by you?, By whom was the ball thrown at Nita?, 4 Was the letter posted by you?, was, , Are movies liked by him?, Are poems recited by him?, , Froch., , 6., , Were all the books taken by Kirit?, , 8., , By whom was this song composed?
