Page 1 :
ing the Text, , | ft used by the female fighter pil oe, 1, [The aircra ghter pilots were built mainly of pl, , A. Ges and usually reserved for training and crop-dusting, These ee we aa were, burst into flames. One plane could carry only two bombs at a time. A stron " — could, plane about)However, the advantage of these small and flimsy planes ware hae, manoeuvred quickly and easily. at they could be, , : le in this situation were making the mi inki, , 2, The peop g the mistake of thinking that the brave pi, been a man—a brave lad. This shows that the female fighter pilots were an wee a, that time—the people did not immediately think that the pilot might be a woman ial, , 3, (The female fighter pilots flew their planes at night, often quietly and secretly, running thei, “engines slowly as they neared their targets, gliding their way to the bomb release vahate 2, dropping the bombs. Because of this mode of operation, their planes only made soft il fn zo, noises as they flew by. This noise sounded like witches’ broomsticks to the Germans. That ir, they gave the title ‘night witches’ to the Soviet female fighter pilots. | 5, , 4. (Limited technology was available to the Night Witches; they had no radar to navigate their paths, through the night skies—only maps and compasses. They flew only in the dark. They carried no, parachutes. Their craft could burst into flames if hit by bullets. Frequently, they had to fly through, a wall of enemy fire. Each plane flew multiple missions in a night, as the planes could only carry, two bombs at a time This increased the risk of being shot. The planes had open cockpits, so the, women had to suffér freezing cold. A strong wind could toss their small planes. All these factors, made their missions particularly dangerous., 5. a.( Pilot Nadezhda Popova said this to her navigator., | b. Just before this, Popova and her navigator had completed a flight. They had survived the flight,, | but forty-two bullet holes were studding their little plane, with bullet holes in Popova's map, and helmet.), c. Suggested answer (accept any logical answer):The speaker must have said this because she had, a lot of courage and a fine sense of humour. She meant that if they could survive such a flight, where so many bullets struck their plane, maps and even their helmets without killing them,, they were very lucky and would live a long life—they would not die easily.), | 6. a.(‘All that’ refers to the female fighter pilots’ bravery and achievements—the thousands of, missions they flew, the bombs they dropped and the challenges they overcame,, , pilots decorated their planes, , b. Suggested answer (accept any logical answer): The female fighter, of beauty and wanted to make, , | with flowers because along with courage they also had a sense, | the planes which they flew look as nice as possible. 5, , C. Suggested answer (accept any logical answer): This indicates a sense of h, Witches must have used their navigation pencils as lip colour as a good, , 8 1. hei passage was on its way to being a routine patrol, until the pilots found th, face with a collection of German iil, es 2 (other countries, the US among them, may have allowed women to fly as members of their early, ait forces; those women, however, served largely in support and transport roles. ), obituaries that resulted, celebrations of a life and a legacy largely unknown to fr = of us, e world, serve as a reminder of the great things the female flyers accor et, , , , , , , , , umour. The Night, joke., , emselves face to