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3. Who is a Sarpanch or Pradhan?, , 4. What percentage of the seats in Panchayat have been reserved for women?, , 5. Why some seats have been reserved in the panchayat?, , ji Short Answer Questions, , What do you mean by the Panchayati Raj?, , List two sources of income of the Gram Panchayat., “What is Nyaya Panchayat?, , What are the three levels of Panchayati Raj?, , Give any three drawbacks of the Panchayats?, , aur ON, , Who presides over the meetings of Zila Parishad? What is its tenure?, , IV Long Answer Questions, 1. Why do we have local self-government?, Fe Discuss the main functions of the Gram Panchayat. _, , 3. How is the Panchayat Samiti formed? Mention five functions performed by the Panchayat, Samiti., , , Discuss the composition of the Zila Parishad and outline its functions., , Ww, , Write in brief the achievements and shortcomings of the Panchayati Raj System. rs, , [, Re There is Central and State Government in our country. What is the need for the Panchayati, em Raj institutions? Think and answer. (HOTS), , 7. What is the need for reserving some seats in the representative bodies for the SCs, STs and, women? Explain. (HOTS), , VALUE ADDED QUESTION, , People's involvement, training and encouraging them to solve their problems at the local level is the, key thought behind the Panchayati Raj. Do you think it has worked and people are getting politically, , active? Have they really understood the importance of selecting right representatives? Think, reason, and answer., , Scanned with CamScanner

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Summative Assessment, , I. A, .1..(c) 2. (e) 3.. (a), , 4. (b) 5. (d), , B. 1. Panchayat, 2. Village level, Block level and District level, 3. Gram Sabha, 4. 38%, 5, Sarpanch, , C. 1. False 2. False 3. True, 4. True 5. False, , Il. 1, The word ‘Panchayat’ literally means group of five, ‘Panch’ or respected elders chosen and accepted |, by the village community for resolving disputes. |, 2.Gram Sabha is formed by all the residents of the |, village who are above 18 years of age., 3. A person who presides over the meeting of the, Gram Panchayat is known as a ‘Sarpanch’., 4.In Panchayati Raj System, 33% of the total, number of seats is reserved for the women at, each level., 5. Some seats have been reserved in panchayats for, women, SCs and STs. This is done to empower the, socially, culturally and economically backward, people. ’, II. 1. Panchayati Raj is that system under. which, the people living in village are given the right, of administration and development of villages, according to their own will., 2. The two sources of income of Gram Panchayat, are:, (i) Taxes on property and land., (ii) Taxes on goods., , 3. Nyaya Panchayat is the system of law courts, of justice of Panchayati Raj . Its important, function is to impart impartial justice to people, , Scanned with Camocanner

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VERS, , of the village. It hears and decides petty civil, , cases upto % 500. ee, , 4, Three Levels of the Panchayati Raj are:, , () Village Level: A village has a Gram Sabha,, a Gram Panchayat and a Nyaya Panchayat, to look after the welfare of the villagers., , (ij) Block Level: The Panchayat or Block Samitj, is the local self-governing institution that, exits over the village panchayat. A panchayat, samiti is formed at the Block level generally, comprising 100 villages., , (iii) District Level: The Zila Parishad is the, third and the highest level of Panchayati Raj, system., , 5. It is true that Panchayati Raj has brought, about substantial improvement in the villages, by taking up several welfare schemes but it has, some drawbacks/disadvantages also. These are, discussed below:, , (a) Partiality: The Panchayats are elected on, party or caste basis and hence they do not, work impartially) Scheme or programs which, are implemented at this level often remain, confined to the powerful and influential, people., , (6) Lack of fund/misusing fund: Firstly,, the Panchayati Raj institutions are not, provided with sufficient funds) Secondly,, funds sanctioned by the government are, often misused by the Panchayat., , (c) Irresponsible attitude: Often the elected, representatives are not responsible to the, people who elect them., , 6. The Meeting of the Zila Parishad is presided over, by the chairperson who is elected by the members, of Zila Parishad. In the absence of chairperson,, vice-chairman presides’ the meeting of Zila, Parishad. The tenure of Zila Parishad is 5 years., , IV. 1. Local self-government are those bodies that, , look after the administration of an area or a, , small community such as village, town, or city., , ese bodies are’ appointed by the government to, , : uehaege certain functions like:, i Peeing safe and clean water., Servation of public parks and gardens., , Scanned with CamScanner

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iit) Maintaining proper drainage and sewage, systems. ‘, , -») tbo one the urban or rural growth is, , " gystematic and well-planned. _, , ,) issuing licenses for trade activities., , come of the main functions performed by the, , Gram Panchayat are: , 4, , ; Checking unauthorised occupation of public, , land. i, , ji) Registration of births, deaths and marriages., , jit) Provision of street lighting., , iy) Provision of drinking water., , ») Management of cremation and burial ground., , vi) Construction and maintenance of approach, road and dams., , vii) Looking after the general sanitation of the, village., , witty Cleaniness of public wells, tanks and other, places., , ir) Maintenance of social education centre and, Panchayat Ghar and provision of books,, radio, television, etc., , (x) The Gram Panchayat also finalizes the list, of below poverty line families so that they, can benefit from the various developmental, schemes., , 3.Formation of the Panchayat Samiti: A, , Panchayat Samiti is formed at the Block level, , comprising 100 villages. It consists of the elected, , members, sarpanchs, MLAs, MPs, SDMs, BDO,, etc. of the local area., , The members of the Panchayati Samiti elect its, , chairman and vice-chairman in its first meeting., , Functions: Five functions performed by, , Panchayat Samiti are:, , ()) Implementation of community development, programmes sponsored by the State, Government., , (i) Education of the children by establishing, and maintaining institutions like schools,, , _. industrial training institutes, ete., , ‘“7) Training of farmers in scientific methods of, , ; agriculture and animal husbandry., , ‘v) Arranging health programmes like mass, , é ‘inoculation for example, pulse polio., , °) Encouraging growth of cottage industries and, 4c traditional crafts., , ay eee of Zila Parishad: It comprises, , ‘a a members:, , Gi) a Taaeee of the Panchayat Samitis, , (ii) R and MPs of the area, , (in) Che aap eee of the Co-operative societies, , (v) Repeeesitea 4 oe gl d., , . es of women, 's and-STs |, Une A 4 x, ("Roper ect nl, , Panchayat Samitis of the aroree work, , re, , , , 113, , (ti) To advise the Pan aes, __ to their Page Samitis with regards, a 7 pare the budgets of Panchayat Samitis., () ‘Paring development plans for the district., ») Maintaining link with the state government, 5 for the development of the district., . Achievements of Panchayati Raj System:, i) Ithas brought about substantial improvement, .., i the villages by taking up welfare schemes., (wi) Tt has brought awakening in the villages., (it) Tt works as training ground for the people to, enable them to work as representatives of, aoe in the State legislature and, arliament., (iv) Agricultural production has increased a lot., (v) It helps in bringing about a green revolution, aie parts of the country, especially in, jab and Haryana., Shortcomings of the Panchayati Raj System:, (i) Elections to Panchayati Raj System is marked, by violence., (ii) The Panchayats are elected mostly on party, or caste basis hence are impartial., (iii) Most of the benefits do not reach the deserving, people due to influential people., (iv) Sufficient funds are not provided to them., (v) Their source of income is very limited., 6. We need Panchayati Raj Institutions because of, the following reasons:, (i) It reduces the burden of Central and State, Governments in case of administration., (ii) To make the village self sufficient and self, reliable in dealing their day-to-day affairs., (iii) To prepare leaders at the grassroot level., (iv) To develop a sense of participation in decision, making and collective efforts. Pea, Reservations are made for women, uled, Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward, classes to ensure that they would get fair share, and bring them at par with other communities., Reservations to SCs, STs and OBCs will bring, great political awakening among them., Value Added Question, ‘The Panchayati Raj system has brought political, awakening among the village people. Now,, these people actively take part in electing their, representatives and in making decisions at the, village level. Therefore, Panchayati Raj also, prepares Jeaders at the grassroot level. Their, ‘ at the local level is useful if they get, , elected to the State Legislature or Parliament., ‘As far as people's understanding to elect right, ‘ ives is concerned, we can say that, become well-aware and they choose, well-educated persons with good character} who, in corapeen or any ar They, , enquire about records of the candidate whom, they are Ne cis for the panchayat bodies., , = 4A, canned wl amocanner, , 4