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Knowledge Bell : India’s No.1 Institute for the preparation of Sainik School, Navodaya Vidayalaya, Contact - 8305103918, , Icons and Symbols of India, Official Name of India – ‘Republic of India’, 1. National Emblem, • National Emblem is a dimensional emblem showing four lions., • It became the emblem of India in December 1947., • It was adapted from Buddhist Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath, near, Varanasi Uttar Pradesh., (AISSEE 2021), , 2. National Flag, • Tricolour or ‘Tiranga’ is the national flag of India., • A horizontal triband of saffron, white, and India green; charged with a, navy blue wheel with 24 spokes in the centre called Ashoka Chakra, • Proportion – 2:3, • Adopted on 22 July 1947 by constituent assembly. (74 Years ago), • Flag is based on the Swaraj Flag, • Designed by – Pingali Venkayya, • Fabric – Khadi, , 3. National Bird, • Peacock ‘Pavo cristatus’, • Also known as common peafowl and blue peafowl., • Designated the national bird of India in 1963, • Symbolize the qualities like beauty and grace., , 4. National Animal, • Royal Bengal Tiger ‘Panthera tigris’, • It is also the national animal of Bangladesh., • It symbolize the India’s wealth of wildlife.

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Knowledge Bell : India’s No.1 Institute for the preparation of Sainik School, Navodaya Vidayalaya, Contact - 8305103918, , 5. National Anthem, • Jana Gana Mana is the national anthem of India., • Composed by Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali as Bharto Bhagyo, Bidhata, • Adopted on 24 January 1950., •, , Extra Extract, , Rabindranath Tagore was awarded with Nobel Prize in, literature for his work Gitanjali in 1913. He was also the first, Indian to be awarded with Nobel Prize., Rabindranath Tagore also composed the national anthem of, Bangladesh., , 6. National Song, • Vande Matram also pronounced as Bande Matram, • Written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in 1870 in Sanskrit, • Adopted as national song in 1937 prior to independence., 7. National Calendar, • Saka Calendar, #, , Name, , Length, , Start Date, , 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., 10., 11., 12., , Chaitra, Vaisakha, Jyeshtha, Ashadha, Shravana, Bhadra, Ashwin, Kartika, Agrahayana, Pausha, Magha, Phalguna, , 30/31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, , March 22/21, April 21, May 22, June 22, July 23, August 23, September 23, October 23, November 22, December 22, January 21, February 20

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Knowledge Bell : India’s No.1 Institute for the preparation of Sainik School, Navodaya Vidayalaya, Contact - 8305103918, , • First Month – Chaitra; Last Month – Phalgun, Some other important National Symbols and Icons, 8., 9., 10., 11., 12., 13., 14., 15., 16., 17., 18., 19., , National Flower, National Fruit, National River, National Tree, National aquatic animal, National currency, National Reptile, National Heritage Animal, National Vegetable, Oath of Allegiance, Father of Nation, National Holiday, , Lotus, Mango, Ganga, Banyan Tree, Ganges River dolphin, Indian Rupees, King Cobra, Indian Elephant, Pumpkin, National Pledge, Mahatma Gandhi, Republic Day (26 January), Independence Day (15 August), Gandhi Jayanti (2 October), , Importance of National Symbols and Icons of India, 1. They exemplify the rich cultural fiber that resides at the core of, the country., 2. Infuse a deep sense of pride in the hearts of Indian citizens., 3. Represent a quality unique to India and its citizens., 4. Popularize the object chosen., 5. Help to preserve the chosen national symbol for generations to, come.