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Preliminary Treatment, Primary Treatment, Secondary Treatment, Tertiary Treatment
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Preliminary Treatment, Removal of waste water constituents, such as sticks, floatable grit, and, grease that may cause maintenance or, operational problem with the, treatment operations, processes.
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Preliminary Treatment, Preliminary treatment consists of following, units, • Screening, For removal of floating, matter., • Grit Chamber, For removal of sand and, grits., • Skimming Tanks For removal of oil and, grease
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Coarse screen:- spacing between bar opening, 50mm. Disposed of by incineration, burial,, dumping
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Medium screens:- spacing 6 to 40mm. Disposed, of by incineration or burial.
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, , Fine screens: -perforation of 1.5 mm to 3mm, size. These screen get clogged very often &, need frequent cleaning.
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Primary Treatment, Removal of a portion of the suspended, , solids and organic matter from, the wastewater.
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Primary Treatment, Primary treatment consists of following, processes/units, • Sedimentation, •, , Primary Settling Tanks, Secondary Settling Tank
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Primary Treatment Process, Sedimentation is primary treatment, Process., Sedimentation is a physical water, treatment process used to settle out, suspended solids in water under, the influence of gravity.
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Removal Efficiency of Primary, Treatment Process :, • Removal efficiency of Biological Oxygen, Demand (B. O.D.) in primary treatment, process is 30%, • Removal efficiency of Total Suspended, Solids (T.S.S.) in primary treatment process, is 60%
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Secondary Treatment, Removal of biodegradable organic, matter and suspended solids
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Secondary Treatment, Secondary treatment consists of following, processes., • Activated Sludge Process, • Oxidation Ponds, • Trickling Filter
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ACTIVATED SLUDGE, The sludge consist of micro-organism in active state of, decomposition , is known as active sludge
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Activate Sludge Process, In activated sludge process wastewater, containing organic matter is aerated in an, aeration basin in which micro-organisms, metabolize the suspended and soluble, organic matter.
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, , Sludge digestion tank:
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Removal of residual suspended solids, (after secondary treatment),, usually by granular medium filtration., Disinfection is, also typically a part of tertiary treatment.
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Tertiary Treatment Process, Tertiary treatment process consists of following, process., • Filtration Process (Trickling Filter), • Disinfection Process, , Trickling Filter is an attached growth, process i.e. process in which, microorganisms responsible for treatment, are attached to an inert packing material.
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Working of Trickling, Filter
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Tertiary Treatment, Tertiary treatment consists of following, processes and units., •, •, •, •, •, •, , Membrane Filtration and Separation, Dechlorination and Disinfection Systems, Reverse Osmosis (RO) Systems, Ion Exchange, Activated Carbon Adsorption, Physical/Chemical Treatment
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I, N, F, L, U, E, N, T, , E, F, F, L, U, E, N, T
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Secondary Treatment Process, Stabilization ponds or oxidation pond:, • The stabilization ponds are open flow through, basins specifically designed and constructed to treat, sewage and biodegradable industrial wastes., • They provide long detention periods extending from, a few to several days.
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Oxidation Ditch, The oxidation ditch is a modified form, of "extended aeration" of activated, sludge process. The ditch consists of a, long continuous channel oval in shape, with two surface rotors placed across, the channel.
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A Typical Oxidation Ditch
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A View of Oxidation Ditch
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DESIGN CONSIDERATION:, , • Capacity of tank-: W.C. connected 40 to 70, lit/capita/day, sullage discharge 90 to 150 li/capita/day, • Free board:- 0.3 to 0.5m, • Inlet & outlet baffles:-Extend upto top level of scum, but must stop a little below the covering slab., , • Detention period :- 12 to 36 hrs commonly 24 hrs, • Length to width ratio:- L=2 TO 3 B, B should not be less than 90cm, •, depth= 1.2 to 1.8m.
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