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17, , SIXTH SEMESTER (ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING), , Sr., No., , STUDY, MARKS IN EVALUATION SCHEME, SCHEME, Credits, INTERNAL, EXTERNAL, Periods/Week, ASSESSMENT, ASSESSMENT, Th, , Pr, , Tot, , Th, , Hrs, , Pr, , Hrs, , Tot, , 5, , 20, , 30, , 50, , 50, , 2½, , 50, , 3, , 100, , Total, Marks, of, Internal, &, External, 150, , 6, , 7, , 20, , 30, , 50, , 50, , 2½, , 50, , 3, , 100, , 150, , -, , 6, , 6, , 20, , 30, , 50, , 50, , 2½, , 50, , 3, , 100, , 150, , 4, , -, , 2, , 4, , 20, , 30, , 50, , 50, , 2½, , 50, , 3, , 100, , 150, , -, , -, , 8, , 3, , -, , 50, , 50, , -, , -, , 100, , 4, , 100, , 150, , -, , -, , 4, , 1, , 30, , 30, , -, , -, , -, , -, , -, , 30, , 30, , 26, , 200, , 280, , 200, , -, , 300, , -, , 500, , 780, , SUBJECTS, L, , T, , P, , 6.1 Microwave Engineering, , 4, , -, , 4, , 6.2 Microcontrollers and Embedded, System, 6.3 Wireless and Mobile, Communication System, , 6, , -, , 4, , 6.4 *Elective, 6.5 Project Work, #Student Centred Activities (SCA), Total, , 18, , 80, , *Elective: Any one out of the following:, 6.4.1 Control System, 6.4.2 Medical Electronics, 6.4.3 Computer Networks, # Student Centred Activities will comprise of co-curricular activities like extension lectures, self study, games, hobby clubs e.g., photography etc., seminars, declamation contests, educational field visits, N.C.C., NSS, Cultural Activities, disaster management and, safety etc., , 17

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147, , 6.1, , MICROWAVE AND RADAR ENGINEERING, L T P, 4 - 4, , RATIONALE, This subject includes an exposure to microwaves engineering, radar systems, fiber optics and, satellite communication. In microwaves industry, job opportunities are available in the area of, assembly, production, installation, repair and maintenance of microwave transmitters and, receivers. The knowledge of radar systems allows opportunities with civil and defense, organizations dealing with aircraft and shipping. Fiber optics is the latest thrust area in, communication with vast opportunities in the private sector., LEARNING OUTCOMES, After completion of the course, the students should be able to:, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , identify and demonstrate operating principles and typical applications of tubes and, diodes., understand the various types and propagation modes of wave guides, describe the various types of antennas and wave propagation techniques, know the basic principle of radar and interpret the various parameters used in radar, equations, measure VSWR of a given load, identify the block diagram and explain the operating principles of CW(Doppler), FMCW,, MTI radar, interpret radar display PPI, describe the working principles of microwave communication link, , DETAILED CONTENTS, 1., , Introduction to Microwaves, , (12 Periods), , Introduction to microwaves and its applications, Classification on the basis, of its frequency bands (HF, VHF, UHF, L, S, C, X, Ku, Ka, Sub mm), , Microwave Devices, Characteristics, operating principles and typical applications of the, following devices (No mathematical treatment), 147

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148, , 2., , Multi cavity klystron, Reflex klystron, Multi-cavity magnetron, Traveling wave tube, Gunn diode, IMPATT diode, TRAPATT diode, PIN diode, , Wave guides, , (10 Periods), , Rectangular and circular wave guides and their applications. Mode of, wave guide; Propagation constant of a rectangular wave guide, cut off, wavelength, guide wavelength and their relationship with free space, wavelength (no mathematical derivation). Impossibility of TEM mode in a, wave guide., 3., , Antenna and Wave Propagation, -, , -, , -, , -, , -, , (12 Periods), , Physical concept of radiation electromagnetic energy from an antenna,, relationship between the direction of electric and magnetic fields with, direction of propagation; concept of polarization of EM waves., Electromagnetic spectrum and its various range VLF, LF, HF, VHF,, UHF, Micro wave, Optical waves etc., Definition and physical concepts of the terms used with antennas like, point source, gain, power gain, directivity aperture, effective area,, radiation pattern, (field strength power and phase) beam angle, beam, width and radiation resistance., Types of antennas- Brief description, characteristics and typical, applications of medium wave antenna, shortwave antenna, HF, antenna, VHF, UHF and Microwave antenna e.g., half wave dipole,, ground plane, yagi and ferrit rod antenna in transistor receiver. Brief, idea about rhombic antenna, dish antenna, Horn, Parabolic reflector, and Lens antenna., Antenna arrays-Brief description of broad side and end fire arrays, their radiation pattern and application (without analysis), Basic idea about different modes of radio wave propagation- ground, wave propagation, space wave propagation and sky wave propagation,, their characteristics and typical areas of application. (e.g. medium, wave, short wave, TC communication.), Explanation of the terms-critical frequency, maximum usable, frequency (MUF) and skip distance., , 148

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149, , 4., , Radar Systems, , (10 Periods), , − Introduction to radar, its various applications, radar range equation, (no derivation) and its applications., 5. Satellite Communication, -, , (12 Periods), , Basic idea passive and active satellites., Meaning of the terms Orbit, Apogee and Perigee, Geo- stationary satellite and its need., Block diagram and explanation of a satellite communication link., Differentiate between various types of satellites., , LIST OF PRACTICALS, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., , To measure electronics and mechanical tuning range of a reflex klystron, To measure VSWR of a given load., To plot radiation pattern of horn antenna in horizontal and vertical plane., To plot VI characteristics of GUNN-Diode., To determine the frequency and wavelength of a rectangular waveguide working in, TE10 mode., To study and test various parameters such as gain, noise, bandwidth and voltage at, different point of a microwave amplifier., To measure the power gain and beam width of a microwave dish antenna., , NOTE, Visit to the appropriate sites of microwave station/tower and communication stations should be made to, understand their working. A comprehensive report must be prepared by all the students on these visits,, especially indicating the dates and locations of their visits., , INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY, Microwave and radar engineering is very important subject and requires both theoretical as well as, practical exposure. The teaching should be supplemented by visits to the microwave stations and using, suitable audio visual aids., , MEANS OF ASSESSMENT, , 149

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150, , − Assignments and quiz/class tests, mid-term and end-term written tests, model/prototype, making, − Actual laboratory and practical work, model/prototype making, assembly and disassembly, exercises and viva-voce, RECOMMENDED BOOKS, 1., , 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Microwave Devices and Components by Sylio; Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, Electronics Communication by Roddy and Coolen; Pearson Publishers., Electronics Communication System by KS Jamwal; Dhanpat Rai and Sons, Delhi, Microwave Engineering by Das; Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt Ltd , New Delh, Microwave & Radar Engineering by Navneet Kaur; Ishan Publications, Ambala, City, e-books/e-tools/relevant software to be used as recommended by AICTE/NITTTR,, Chandigarh., , SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS, Topic No., 1., , 2., 3., 4., 5., Total, , Time Allotted, (Periods), 12, 10, 12, 10, 12, 56, , Marks Allotted, (%), 22, 18, 22, 18, 20, 100, , 150