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Ethylene Unsaturated, Autoclaving Dry heat oxide Chemical Vapour, : i Destroys plastics,, Disadvantage | Dulling of Destroys Long time ical odour j, un dcutting | hcat-liable need for chemical odour in, protecte : ok, ant disinfected areas, edges, destroys heat- | items liquid and, sensitive materials, rubber, may rust or corrode material, steel instruments, Table H3: Methods of Disinfections, se Method Level of Activity, No., A. | Heat, Moist heat 75-100°C for 30 min (high), B. | Liquids, 1. Oxidizing agent, i. HO, 3-25% (high), li. _ Peracetic acid Variable (high), 2. Aldehyde, i. Formaldehyde 3-8% (high/intermediate), ii. _ Glutaraldehyde 2% (high), 3. Halogens, i. _ Iodophor compound 30-50 ppm of free iodine (intermediate), ii. Chlorine dioxide Variable (high), iii, Chlorine compound 100-1000 ppm of free chlorine (high), 4. — Alcohol ‘, (cthyl/isopropyl) 70-95% (intermediate), 5. Phenolic compound 0.4-5% (intermediate/low), 6. _ Quaternary ammonium compound | 0),1-1,6% (low)
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wm, =~, , TE, , \\e\ \\\, , e\\\\, , Method, , physical sterilants, , I., Dry heat, , a lw, , Ethylene oxide, Formaldehyde, Hydrogen pero, , 4. Plasma gas, , Chemical sterilants, , , , \\\, , -——|, , |, , , , 2. Peracetic acid, , Properties, , Composition, , lable Hy., , eee aaa, , —_], , 1 UV radiation, 5 n, , Gas vapour sterilants, | ee |, I., , vapour, , Nide vapour, , Highly ionized H20; gas,, 5, Chlorine dioxide gas, pS ae, , 1. Glutaraldehyde, , Methods of Sterilizations, , ee an, , PS $s, , Concentration (level of activity), , es |, , ae eee IE, !21 © for 15-20 min or, Lz |e < for | Phe: = 160, 0.22. 2-045, , 134 C for 3 min, , , , , , 0 °C for 2 hrs: 12] C for 16 hrs, Lum pore size: HEPA filters, , Exposure at 254 nm wav. clength for variable ime. |, , Exposure 'o microwave or gamma radiation for |, Variable time, , Se, , |, |, |, 1, |, , , , , , , , 450-1200 mp/L. at 29° to 65°C for 2 to 5 us, 2-5 % at 60-80 €, , 30 % at 55-60 C, , |, , Variable |, (ee), 2% |, Poo, , , , 0.2% |, | |, , Wr es, , Table HS: Properties of bacterial toxins, , E, , Protein, , , , XOtoxins Endotoxins, , Lipopolysaccharide |, complexes, , , , Effect of heat, , Heat labile (except toxin of Heat stable, C. botulinum , , , heat stable), , , , Nature, , Secreted by living cell Integral part of cell wall of, , Gram-ve bacteria, , , , Antigenecity, , Strong, , Weak, , , , Produced by, , , , Gram+ve; some Gram-ve Gram-ve bacteria, , bacteria
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y, , , , Table H7: ilizatinn r:, Sterilization Time, Temperature and Indicators, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , leaned een, Geena peur Holding Time | Chemical | Biological Indicator, SSS (minutes) Indicator, 121 15, Moist heat 126 Cc, : olour change Ine, laving) 10 a B.stearothermophilus, (autoclaving 134 ; indicators ., | $+ ————, 160 60, y heat, Dry 170 40 Colour change ‘ ‘, (pot ait oven) Songs B.subtilus, var niger, 180 °6 indicators, ————, izin, foniZine = _ Radiochromic, radiation : B. pumilus, | _—_ chemicals, Table H8: Terms Applied in Relation to Disinfecting Agents, a, feel ern See Definition, Antiseptics Substances which either kill Microorganisms or inhibit their growth, , , , , , Compounds that kill Microorganisms (except bacterial endospores). Since, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Disinfectants these ao eel to human tissue, disinfectants are usually reserved for, inanimate objects, Asepsis Technique that is employed in preventing infections from gaining access to, sep an uninfected tissue, Santis Cleaning is a soil-removing process that removes many microorganisms. It, Is a necessary prerequisite to sterilization and disinfection, Sterilant Chemical agents that destroy all microorganisms, including spores, fialkide Chemical or physical agent that destroys most organisms, but not, nici a ;, ig endospores, used on skin or inanimate objects, Sporocid Gencrally a chemical agent that destroys both bacterial (endo- and exo-) and, orocide, P fungal (mould) spores., Fungicide Chemical substances that destroy fungi, Vinucide Chemical agents that destroy viruses, Bacteriostat | Chemical agents that inhibit bacterial growth, Sanit An agent, usually a detergent, which reduces the number of bacteria to a, tizer : ., , safe level
