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UNIT-V, CHAPTER-15, INTRODUCTION TO MENTAL DISORDERS, Mental illness may be define as any deviation from normal mental health criteria., The concept of mentally health and illness depends upto society where the individual is, living. In earlier chapter we have discussed characteristic of a mentally healthy persons., If a person is unable to maintain the continuum of mental health and illness, it result in, mental illness. The grief and anxiety has to be handle effectively with the use of coping, mechanism and ego defense mechanism., COMMON CAUSES OF MENTAL ILLNESS, The mystery related to, causes of mental illnesses has been removed as, advancements of psychiatry upto a greater extent. Various theories have been developed, in past few decades which explain various causes of mental disorder. Some of the, important factors are -, Biological factors, Psychological factors, Sociocultural factors, 1., Biological factors :, Physical defect and illness :, Physical defect and illness creates the sense of inferiority and insecurity. It, turns to use of different ego defense mechanism. It may also results poor, mental capacities., Heridity and Genes :, Heridity is often a causative factors. Research shows that third fourth of, mental defective and one third of psychotic individuals have unfavourable, heredity. Genes are inherited. A person who has inharited gene that produce a, favourable condition (physical or psychological) will probably develop the, disease., Neurotransmitters change :, neurotransmitters like Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine,, Epinephrine, Dopamine, Sorotonin, Histamine, Amino acids, GABA, etc., Disturbance in, leads to certain mental disorders., Scanned with CamScanner
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intoxication, degenerative disease, endocrine problems, brain tumor, vascular, The brain injury may occur due to malnutrition, birth injuries, infection,, Brain injuries :, damage. Brain injuries enhance the chance to occurance of mental illness, Developmental factors:, Poor physical or psychological development, Vitamins deficiency, perinatal, malnutrition, delayed puberty, menstrual problems certainly affect the mental, development. In India poor education/illiteracy and poverty are milestones for, developmental problems., Psychological factors:, 2., Childhood development have been focused by many psychologist e.g, Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson etc. Falty or poor psychological, development may result in medal disorders e.g. fixation in oral sadistic phase, may causes depression., Childhood psycho-sexual abuse., Stress ful home or work environment., Marital or other family problems., Sexual difficulties., Stress, frustration, crisis and long term effect of grief sometimes noted in, occurance in mental disorders., Early loss of parent., Childhood superation from loving one or parents., Recreational deficiency which causes loneliness or isolation., Social factors:, Poverty, unemployment, urbanization, migration, disappointing love affairs,, Joss of loved one causes stress in life and thus precipitate mental illness., War and terrorism : It leads to physical, psychological and financial loss thus, 3., produces anxiety and grief., Disaster : Earthquake, flood etc., Alcoholism by self or family member/s., Nuclear or very big family., Political unstabilities., Excessive use of technologies and social media e.g. use of smart phone by, kids., Cultural and religious belief., Scanned with CamScanner, * * * **
