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Aim: To study antiseptic and marketed Products., , organisms on external surfaces of the body and helps to prevent infections, Antiseptics should be distinguished from antibiotics that destroy micro-organisms, inside the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy micro-organisms found on, inanimate (non-living) objects. Antiseptic and dis-infectants are non selective antiinfective agents that are applied topically. Their activity ranges from simply reducing, the number of micro organisms to within safe limits of public health interpretations, , (sanitization), to destroy all microorganisms (sterlization) on the applied surface., However, antiseptics are often referred to as skin disinfectants., , Most chemical agents can be used as both an antiseptic and a disinfectant. The, purpose for which it is used is determined by its concentration. For example,, hydrogen peroxide 6% solution is used for cleansing wounds, while stronger, solutions (> 30%) are used in industry as bleach and oxidising agent., , ¢ Classification of antiseptics:, , Antiseptics can be classified according to their chemical structure. Commonly used, antiseptic groups include alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds, chlorhexidine, and other diguanides, antibacterial dyes, chlorine and hypochlorites, inorganic iodine, compounds, metals, peroxides and permanganates, halogenated phenol derivatives, and quinolone derivatives. The following table lists some of the agents within these, , groups. (For classification of antiseptic please refer page 68)., , * Uses of antiseptic:, Antiseptic is mainly used to reduce levels of microorganisms on the skin and mucous, membranes. The skin and mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and vagina are, home to a large number of micro-organisms (which are normally harmless)., When the skin or mucous membranes are damaged or breached in surgery,, , antiseptic is used to disinfect the area and reduce the chances of infection. People, Who are treating patients with wounds or burns should wash their hands with an, , antiseptic solution to minimise the risk of cross infection., Antiseptics are used for:, , 2. Handwashing: Chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine solutions are often, used in hand scrubs and hand rubs in hospital settings. Alcohol in concentrations, , > 60% will destroy pathogens such as the SARS-CoV-19 virus., , , , , , - 69 , , , Scanned by TapScanner
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=, , scial Pharmacy (F.Y. D. Pharm) __ Practical m,, , Nug, , 2. Pre-operative skin disinfection: Antiseptics applied to the operation site, reduce the resident skin flora. Caution should be used in facial use of Solution, containing chlorhexidine, as these can injure the eye, causing keratitis,, , 3. Mucous membrane disinfection: Antiseptic Irrigations may be instilled into the, bladder, urethra or vagina to treat infections or cleanse the cavity prior bi, catheterisation., , 4. Preventing and treating infected wounds and burns: Antiseptic preparation;, are available over-the-counter from your pharmacist to treat minor cuts, abrasions and burns., , 5. Treating mouth and throat infections: Dequalinium chloride has both, , antibacterial and antifungal properties and is the active ingredient in antiseptic, throat lozenges., , , , Scanned by TapScanner
