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FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD, NUTRITION AND MEDICINAL VALUES OF FOOD, Specific of effect of food on the basal, metabolism, by in the of energy in the of heat., alemio, KEY, TERMS, SDA:, Specific dynamic action of food; stimulating effect of food intake on the basal, or fads: Personal likes and dislikes in the selection of foods., oas faboos : Religion based food habits like vegetarianism in Hindu society and, prohibition of pork in Muslim society., ica: The habit of eating dirt, clay, chalk, limestone, ashes, starch etc. leading to, serious health problems., Coeliac (celiac) disease : Gluten induced enteropathy; intolerance to the protein glu-, ten in wheat and rye producing the malabsorption syndrome in sensitive persons, (apparent at 3-6 months of age)., Emolient : An agent which softens and soothes skin or mucous membrane. ni vllen, Diverticulitis : Inflammation of a diverticulum (pouch or sac protruding from the, wall of a tube or hollow organ)., or, Diverticulosis : A condition in which there are many diverticula, especially in the, intestines., ol notibbs ni, ot 2enimstsb, FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD AND NUTRITION, or designing a balanced diet, it is essential to know the daily requirement of, energy and different nutrients which varies for different age group, occupation and, health status etc) Total energy metabolism is a measure of total amount of energy, required during 24 hours whether the person is resting or working. There are certain, factors which influence the energy metabolism in the normal human beings. So,, following factors must be considered while estimating the calorie requirement :-, M.Basal Metabolic Rate :- BMR is the main factor which influences our nutritional, requirement. \It is defined as the amount of energy required to carry on the, involuntary activities of the body) Generally for an approximate determination of, BMR, simple method is used, i.e. one k cal per kilogram per hour, so BMR = 1 k cal, × body weight (in kg) x 24 hours. Body surface area, age, sex, sleep, climate and, secretions of ductless glands are some factors affecting BMR., 2. Weight:- Total metabolism includes work done in moving one's own weight, from place to place. Therefore, the heavier the individual, the more energy is re-, %3D, IKI, quired for movements., 3, Age :- Young children need more energy and protein in their growing age, nd adolescents require more calories than the adults. The energy requirement with, the age decreases because of a fall in BMR and decreased physical activities., 4. Sex:, is 6 - 10% lower than the men. For example a moderate man requires 2875 k cal, Sex also makes variation in energy requirements. The BMR of women, OWREGIM ENOerate yoman needs 2225 k cal., CO AI QUAD CAMERA