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PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, 1.0 Current Electricity :, Electric Current and Voltage, Ohm's Law, Resistance, law of resistance,, specific resistance. Conductance and Conductivity. Effect of temperature, on resistance and temperature coeff. of resistance. Electrical power and, energy. Joule’s law of electric heating and relationship between electrical,, mechanical and thermal units. Electric cell and battery, E.M.F. terminal, voltage and internal resistance. Basic construction, charging and, discharging reactions for (i) Lead Acid and (ii) Ni-Fe Cells. Common, methods of battery charging and precautions during charging. D.C. series,, parallel and series - parallel circuits., 2.0 Static Electricity :, Definition of electric field intensity, electric flux, electric flux density and, their units. Statement of Gauss theorem and Coulomb theorem. Capacitor,, its capacitance and unit. Energy stored in a capacitor. Series, parallel and, series-parallel combination of capacitors. Capacitance a composite, dielectric parallel plate capacitor and multi plate capacitor., , 3.0 Electromagnetism :, Definition of Magnetic field, magnetic flux and magnetic flux density and, their units. Concept of magnetic field around a current carrying conductor, and rules for finding its direction. Concept of magnetic field of a wire loop, and a solenoid and rules for finding their polarity. Magnetic path M.M.F., and Magnetizing force. Definition of Reluctance, relative permeability and, factors influencing the reluctance of a magnetic path. Relationship between, magnetic flux, M.M.F., and reluctance in a magnetic circuit., 4.0 Electrodynamics force :

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Electrodynamics force, its magnitude and direction. Torque produced in a, current carrying coil placed in a magnetic field. Force between two parallel, current carrying conductors, its magnitude and nature., 5.0 Electromagnetic Induction :, Faraday's Laws of electromagnetic induction. Lenz's Law. Types of, induced e.m.f. (dynamic & static induction) its magnitude and direction., Dynamically induced e.m.f., its magnitude and direction, self induced, e.m.f., self inductance and their expressions. Mutually induced e.m.f.,, mutual inductance and their expressions. Energy stored in an inductor., Charging and discharging of inductors., 6.0 Elements of Alternating Current :, Production of emf in a coil rotated in an uniform magnetic field. Alternating, e. m.f. current and their equation-cycle, time, period and frequency., Maximum value, instantaneous value, average value, R.M.S. value, form, factor and peak factor for sinusoidal alternating quantities. Phasor, representation of sinusoidal alternating quantities. Phase, phase difference, and leading-lagging quantities and phasors. Phasor addition, subtraction,, multiplication and division of alternating currents and voltages. A.C. Power,, energy and their concept, expressions and relationship between KVA, KW, and KVAR. Power factor (leading and lagging)., 7.0 Single Phase A.C. circuits :, A.C. through pure resistance, inductance and capacitance circuits and their, power factor and power. R-L, R-C and R-L-C series circuits, their phasor, diagram and calculation using impedance method. Resonance in R-L-C, series circuits, its frequency, frequency response and quality factor. R-L, RC and R-L-C parallel circuit, their phasor diagrams, calculations using, impendance and admittance methods. Resonance in R-L-C parallel circuit,, its frequency, frequency response and quality factor. Application of, complex notation methods in AC circuits., , 8.0 Elements of Polyphase Circuits :, Production of two phase and three phase e.m.f and their wave and phasor, diagrams, phase relations and equations, (star and delta) Star connections,, phase and line values, their relationship, power and power factor. Delta, connections, phase and line values, their relationship, power and power, factor, conversion of star-delta. Advantages of three phase over single, phase., 9.0 House Wiring :, Types of house wiring and their comparison. Concept of wiring circuit for, light, fan and bell connections. loop in method and T-method of wiring., Important wiring circuits.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING, 1. Brick Masonary, Size of brick, methods of preparation of cement and line mortar ., Importance of brick bonds., 2. Industrial buildings, Definition, Requirement of factory buildings, selection of sites,, Layout plan of a factor buildings, ventilation and light in factory, buildings. Types of ventilators, ventilation area, natural light heat, insulation of walls, floor and ceiling., 3. Doors, Windows & Roofs, Component of a door, types of doors for factory buldings, door, fitting size and location of doors, types of sizes of windows,, introduction to workshop shed roofs., 4. Floors, Special requirement of a factory floor. Simple constructional, details of flag, cement concrete and mosaic floors, Use of floors, hardners., 5. Foundations of machines, Objects of providing machine foundations, Preventation of, vibration, foundation of static and dynamic machine (viz., Stationary Diesel engine, Lathe machines .Power of foundation for, static Dynamic machines., , Element of Electrical Engineering (EEE), Unit 1.Current Electricity, Electric current, Voltage, Resistance, Resistivity Conductance, Conductivity,, Power & Energy, Toule’s law of electric heating and its practical application,, connection of light, fan & power loads in electrical circuit and their current,, voltage power and energy consumption., Unit 2. Electromagnetism, Magnet field of a current carrying conductor and right hand thumb rule, magnetic, field of solenoid and helix rule, magnetizing force, magnetizing curve and B H, loop, and hysterisin loss, residual magnetism, MMF, Reluctance flux and their, relationship in series magnetic circuit, Electromagnetic force producing in current, carrying conductor and coil placed in magnetic field, Fleming’s hand rule., Unit 3. Electromagnetic Induction, Faraday’s law, Lenz law, Dynamically inducted emf and Fleming’s hand rule,, static induction, self and mutual induction, Eddy current and Eddy current loss., Unit 4. Fundamental of A.C., Production of single phase emf & its equation, cycle , time, period, frequency, instantaneous value, maximum value, average value ,R.m.s value, form factor,, phase representation of alternating quantities, leading and lagging quantities, their, addition and subtraction, as power factor, leading and lagging power factor,, significance of power factor., Unit 5. AC circuits, Single phase circuit- Pure resistance, inductances and capacitance circuits,, inductive and capacitive reactance and impendence, phasor diagram, solution of RL-C (series & parallel) circuits, Resonance in series R-L-C, circuit and resonance, frequency Three phase circuits, production of three phase emf star and delta, connections, Phase and line values, solution of three balance star & delta circuits

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MECHINICIAL ENGINEERING, 1. Introduction, Scope of mechanical engineering, units and dimension section of S.I. Units., 2. Machine components:, Pins, Cotters and cotter Balls., Keys, key-ways and splines Shafts, cotters, cranks, eccentrics.Clutches and, couplings. Screw fasteners, types of threads, types of bolts, washers and locking, device., Bearing : plain, Bushed, split, step , ball, roller journal, Foot step, Thrust coller, type bearing and their specific applications, Oil seals, packing and gaskets., Gears : Spur, Helical, Bevel, Metric, Rack and pinion, Worm and worm wheels,, types of gears and their applications, simple and compound gear train and their, uses, Definition of pitch, pitch circle, module, pressure angle , velocity ratio., Spring : Compression, Tension , Helical, Torsion, Leaf and, laminated springs and their uses., Belt and Rope Pulleys and chain Sprockets : Types of Belt and Rope Pulleys,, and their materials, Open and cross belt drive, use of stepped pulleys. Velocity, ratio (No numerical treatment), Method of prevention of slip, Various types of, chain and sprockets, relative merit and demerits of pulleys & chain derive system., 3. Lubrication:, Necessity and kinds of lubricants, Function of different lubricants. Lubrication, system for machine Principle of working of probity food and forced food system., 4. Fuel and combustion:, Solid liquid and gaseous fuels. Combustion of fuels, higher and lower calorific, values. Combustion equation of carbon, Sulphur, Hydrogen and their simple, compounds. Calculation of minimum amount of air required for complete, , combustion. Combustion analysis on mass basis and volume basis. Concept, of excess air in combustion. Heat carried away by flue gases. Analysis by Orsat, appraise., 5. Source of energy:, Basic idea, Conventional and non conventional forms of energy---Thermal, Hydel,, Tidal, Wind, Solar, Biomass and Nuclear., 6. Basic thermodynamics:, Definition, concept of thermodynamics system and surroundings. Closed system,, open system, isolated system, thermodynamics definition of work. Zeroth law of, thermodynamics and concept of temp scale. First law of thermodynamics for, cyclic and non cyclic processes. Idea of internal energy and enthalpy., Thermodynamics processes-constant volume, constant pressure, constant, temperature (isothermal) processes, adiabatic process, polytropic process, their, representation on P-V diagram and calculation of work done. Applications of first, law of these processes, Simple numerical problems. Steady state flow process, its, equation and applications Second law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics, concept of perpetual motion machine of first order and that of second order., Concept of heat engine, heat pump and refrigerator. Carrot cycle efficiency for, heat engine and cop for refrigerator and heat pump. Entropy: its physical concept, and significance, simple numerical problems concerning the above., 7. Properties of Steam:, Idea of steam generation. Pressure temperature curve for steam. Idea of dry, saturated steam , wet steam and Drynoss fraction, Super heated steam, and its, degree of superheat Enthalpy, entropy, specific volume and saturation pressure, and temperature of steam. Use of steam lable and mollier chart, Simple numerical, problems., 8. Heat Transfer:, Its important, different modes of heat transfer, one dimensional steady state heat, conduction through plane and composite wall. Insulating material.

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Engineering Mechanics, 1. Introductions:, Mechanics and its utility, definition of matter. Particle and body, displacement,, rest and motion, concept of Scalar and Vector quantites, force magnitude,, direction, point of application and line of action, graphical representation of a, force, active and reactive forces, Newton’s third law of motion, forces, developing tension and compression, rigid body, transmissibility of force., 2. Composition & Resolution of forces:, System of forces, concept of coplanar and non-coplanar forces, concurrent and, non-concurrent forces, resultant forces, composition of forces, concept of, equilibrium of a body and eqilibrium forces, law of parallelogram of forces and, calclation of resultant, rresultant by graph, law of triangle of forces and its, converse, Lami’s theorem, extension of the priciple of triangle of forces to, polygon of forces, resolution of a force, its components and resolved parts,, resolution of concurrent coplanar forces, their resultant and conditions of, equilibrium, coplanar forces, their resultant and conditions of equilibrium., 3- Parallel forces:, Like and unlike parallel forces, resultant of parallel forces acting on a rigid, body, introduction to beams and cantilevers through a few simple examples., 4- Moment:, Turning effect of a force on a body about a fulcrum, turning effect of a force on, a body about an axis when the force is normal to the plan containing the axis of, rotation, moment and theorem, simple problems on lever such as safety valve,, steel yard and bell crank levers, beams and wheels., 5- Couple:, Concept of couple and its moment. Properties of a couple- it has only rotating, effect, its effect is not translatory, it can be balanced only by another couple, and its moment is constant. Simple applied problems of pulley and shaft., 6- General conditions of equilibrium of a rigid body under the action of, system of coplanar forces: Statement of NS conditions-X=, Y=0 and M=0,, , application of the above on a point, on a body as a whole and on a part of the, body as applied to Trusses and Beams., 7- Beams and Trusses:, Physical significance and example of beams and determinate trusses; types of, supports- roller supported; hinged and fixed; loading- point loads on beams,, loading on trusses, vertical and inclined loads, loads on the top chords, bottom, chords or on both; Bow’s notation, space diagram, polar diagram, Funicular or, link polygon; finding out the reactions at the supports of cantilevers & simply, supported beams and trusses both graphically and analytically; graphical, solution of simple determinate trusses with references to stress or force, diagram for determining the magnitude and nature of forces in its various, members under the following conditions- (1) one end hinged and other, supported on rollers, (need of hinge and roller support), (2) vertical and, inclined loads on pannel points, vertical load on the bottom tie, (3) simple, cantilever trusses; determination of stresses in different members of simple, determinate trusses by method of resolution., 8- Centre of Gravity:, Concept of the terms centroid, Centre of gravity and Centre of area. CG of a, system of point loads acting (1) on a st. line when the loads are coplanar (2) on, a plane; statement of formula for the CG of the following regular lamina and, regular solids-uniform thin rod, triangular lamina, trapezoid, circular and semicircular lamina, prism, cylinder, pyramid, cone, sphere, hemisphere, hollow, sphere, hemi-spherical bowel and para- bolic area; determination of CG of, triangular lamina, and simple sections such as L section, T section, I section, and channel section., 9- Friction :, Physical significance of friction; advantages and disadvantages of friction and, its role in every day life; types of friction- statical, limiting and dynamical;, statement and explanation of the laws of statical fiction, coefficient of friction, angle of friction; problems on equilibrium of a body resting on a rough inclined, plane; conditions for sliding and toppling.

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10- Machines :, Definition of machine, mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, output, input and, mechanical efficiency and relation between them for ideal and actual machines;, lifting machines such as levers, single pulleys three systems of pulleys,, Weston’s differential pulley, wheel and axle, winch crab, capstans, screw jack, & differential screw., 11- Moment of Inertia :, Definition of Moment of Intertia and its significance, Radius of Gyration,, Perpendicular and Parallel axis theorem, moment of intertial of rectangular,, triangular and a circular lamina (proof of formulae not in the course)., 12-Simple Stress and Strain:, Elasticity, elastic and Plastic Bodies, Stress and Strain, Stress Strain curve,, Hook’es Law, Young’s Modulus, Bulk Modulus and Modulus of Rigidity., , Engineering Drawing, 1- Introduction of Drawing:, Equipments, printing and scales, introduction of engineering drawing of, communication skill, importance of neatness and correctness of drawing,, drawing equipments and their use, handling and care, specification of set, square and boards, drawing sheet size, weight and specification, sheet planning, need, layout margin, title block and its components., 2- Letters and Numerals Painting :, As per TS recommendation upright, inclined, normal, single, stroke capital, letters and numerals, 3- Introduction of Scales :, Necessity meaning of RF type of scale, generally used in engineering drawing,, of scales and their grading as per TS code 696., 4- Convention:, Line convention, conventional representation of engineering materials of, common use and such objects as bolt nuts, threads, gear, springs, as per TS, 696., 5- Dimensioning :, Types, principle, size and location of dimension :, 6- Type of Projection :, Orthographic isometric and perspective oblique difference between 1st angle, and 3rd angle projection, projection of points, lines and plan, projection of, simple solid such as cylinder, cuboids prism, pyramids is 1st angle and 3rd, angle on horizontal and vertical and auxiliary plane with edge and axis making, given angles with reference planes., 7- Section of Solid and Development of Surface :, Concept of sectioning and projection of section, solid such as cubes, prism,, cylinder, cone, sphere, pyramid, and simple block for the following position of

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section planes, cutting plane perpendicular to one of the reference plane and, inclined to other planes, method of development of surface, parallel line and, radial line, development of simple and truncated surface like blue, prism,, cylinder, cone and pyramid., 8- Isometric and Oblique Views :, Introduction to isometric and oblique views, the concopt as a special of, orthographic projection, isometric and oblique views of simple and geometrical, solids., 9- Free Hand Drawing:, Sketches of various engineering fastening bolt, nuts, rivets, keys, and cotters,, simple riveted joints, plumber blocks, simple brackets, locking nuts, foot step, bearing coupling (flange simple)., , Engineering Chemistry, 1- Equations:, Concept of Normality, Molarity, and mole fraction of the solution with, numerical problems., 2- Oxidation and Reduction:, i) Modern concept of oxidation, reduction, oxidizing agents, and reducing, agents., ii) Oxidation number and calculation of oxidation number of an element in a, compund or ion, iii) Ion-electron reaction and balancing of redox reaction by ion-electron and, oxidation number method., 3- Chemical Equilibrium :, i) Reversible and irreversible reactions, law of mass action, equilibrium, contains Ka ans Kp and their relationship., ii) Application of law of mass action to homogenous equilibrium., iii) Solubility product and common ion effect with their application., iv) Le Chaterlier’s principle and its application to a physical and chemical, equilibrium, v) Numerical problems., 4- Ionic Equilibrium:, i), , Concept of pH value and its application, , ii) Determination of pH value of a solution by Electro metric method (using, potentionmeter and hydrogen electrode) and Universal indicator method (using, lovibond, comprator), iii) Acid and basic buffer solution and their pH value, iv) Numerical poblems, 5- Colloidal State of Matter:

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S i) Concept of colloids and its type, different systems of colloids,dispersed, phase and dispersion medium., ii) Methods of preparation of colloidal solution., dialysis., , 9- Corrosion:, i) Concept of metallic corrosion, affecting corrosion rate, , iii) Dialysis and electro, , iv) Properties of colloids (Brownian movement, tyndal effect, electrophoresis,, and coagulation), , iii) Chemical and electro chemical theories of corrosion, oxide films, formation and its characteristics, tarnishing, fogging, and rusting., 10- Water Treatment:, , v) Relative stablity of hydrophilic and hydrophobic colloids, protection and, protective colloids., , i) Concept of hard and soft water, ii) Disadvantage of hard water in different industries, boiler-feed water and, boilder-scale formation,, corrosion, caustic, embrittlement, priming and, foaming, , vi) Emulsion types, preparation, properties and uses., vii) Application of colloids chemistry in different industries., , iii) Degree of hardness of water, different scales on which degree of hardness, of water is measured, determination of hardness of water by E.D.T.R. method., , 6- Electrochemistry:, i) Postulates of Arthenious theory, electrolysis and law of electrolysis,, industrial application of electrolysis with special reference to electro plating,, electro typing and electro refining of metals., , iv) Softening methods (soda-lime, zeolite, and ion exchange process) and, conditioning of boiler-feed water, , ii) Redox reaction and electrode potential of metals, single electrode and, standard single electrode, standard hydrogen electrode., , v) Drinking or potable water, destinction of water by cholramine, ozone and, chlorination with its mechanism, advantages and disadvantage of chlorination,, break point chlorination (free residual chlorination), , iii) Nernst’s equation and measurement of electrode potential, EMV of electro, chemical cells and its measurement., , vi) Analysis of water estimation of chlorides in water, determination of type, and amount of alkalinity in water, determination of dissolved oxygen, , iv) Numerical problems, , vii) Industrial waste and sewage, brief account of treatment processes., , 7- Explosive and Propellants:, i), , 11-, , Concept of explosive, , ii) Classification, sub classfication and application of explosives with, examples, iii) Concept of propellants and their classification and their examples, , Fuels and Combustion:, i) Definition, classification, and requirement of a good fuel., ii) Calorific value and its determination in solid and liquid fuel by Bomb, calorimeter (experimentally) and, Dulong’s formula (theoretically), iii) Cola and its type, bituminous and anthracite coal, analysis of coal, (proximate and ultimate), , 8- Glass Technology:, i) Concept of glass and its consequence, different glasses, , ii) Types of corrosion and factors, , ii) Classification and uses of, , iii) Elementary idea of manufacturing process of glass., , iv) Carbonization, low temperature and high temperature carbonization.

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v) Liquid fuel : Petroleum and its refining, distillates of, (kerosene, diesel and petrol), Benzol and power alcohol, , petroleum, , iii) Cutting fluids and selection of lubricants, 15- Adhesives:, , vi) Knocking anti-knocking agents and octane number, , i) Definition and advantage of adhesives, , vii) Cracking and its type, gasoline from hydrogenation of coal, Bergious, process and Fischer Tropach’s process, , ii) Physical and chemical factors affecting actions of adhesives, , viii) Gaseous fuel : Coal, methods of preparation and uses, , iii) Classification, examples and uses of adhesives, , ix) Combustion of fuel and calculation of air required, fuel gas analysis by, ORSAT apparatus., x) Numerical problems, , 16- Fertilizers and Insecticides:, i) Concept of fertilizers, types, examples, uses and method of preparation, ii) Concept of insecticides and their classification with examples., , 12- General Organic Chemistry and Polymers:, , iii) Uses of insecticides in different fields., , i) Introduction, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons., , 17- Pollution and Its Control:, , ii) Functional groups and their detection (-COOH, -CHO, =C=O and -OH, group), , i) Concept of environmental pollution with special reference to air and water, pollution., , iv) Addition and condensation polymerization with examples, , ii) General approaches to control air and water pollution., , v) Thermo and thermosetting plastic with examples and uses, 13- Soaps and Detergents:, i) Concept of soap, glycerides and its types., ii) Sopanification, sopanification value, acid value, and iodine, method of soap preparation, , value,, , iii) Determination of acid value and iodine value, iv) Detergent and their type, builders and their importance in detergents., vi) Numerical problems, 14- Lubricants:, i) Wear, definition, classification, function and mechanism of action of, lubricats and examples, ii) Properties of lubricating oils and greases

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Engineering Mathematics, ALGEBRA:, 1- Binomial Theorm:, Statement to theorem to any index, general term, middle term, greatest term,, Binomial approximation (proof of theorem not required), 2- Exponential and Logarithmic Series:, Meaning of e, expansion of ex and log (1+x) without proof, summation of, exponential and logarithmic series, 3- Determinants:, Propetries of determinants, simplifications (2nd and 3rd order), solution of, simultaneous equations by Cramer’s rule., 4- Matrices:, Multiplication, transpose, and adjoint, inverse of a matrix, solution of a, simultaneous equation (up to 3 variables only), rank of a matrix, consistency of, equations, characteristic equations, Cayley Hamilton’s theorem, Eigen values, and Eigen vectors., , TRIGONOMETRY, 1- Trigonometrical equations., 2- Solution of Triangle :, Statement of various formulae showing, relationship between sides and angles of a triangle and their use in solving the, triangles., 3- Complex Quantities:, Complex numbers and its representation, modules and amplitude, Cartesian, and polar forms, Demoiver’s theorem, and its application in solving the, algebraic equations, hyperbolic functions, Euler’s theorem, relationship, between circular and hyperbolic functions., 4- Inverse Circular Function:, Simple problems, , DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS, 1- Limit, continuity and differentiability of a function (basic ideas and simple, problems), 2- Differentiation of functions, Differentiation of function of function, logarithmic, differentiation, differentiation of implicit function and parametric equations,, differentiation by transformation, tangents and normal, sub tangents and, subnormal, maxima and minima of two variables connected by a relation., 3- Rate measue, velocity, acceleration, error and approximation, Newton-Raphson, method for roots of equations., 4- Successive Differentiation:, Leibnitz’s Theorem, Maclaurin’s and Taylor’s series (for one variable), 5- Partial Differentiation:, Euler’s theorem, jacobians, approximate calculations, (rate measures, small, errors)

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Engineering Physics, 1- Measurement:, Errors in measurements, Accuracy, Estimation of percentage, Errors in the, result of measurement., 2- Dynamics of Rigid Body:, Central forces, Circular motion, Angular velocity, Uniform angular, acceleration and centripetal acceleration, Relationship between linear and, angular velocity and acceleration, Centripetal and centrifugal forces, Practical, applications of centrifugal forces, Principle of centrifuge., Rigid, body,, Rotational motion, Moment of inertia, Theorem of moment of inertia, (statement only), Example of M.I. of regular bodies, Radius of gyration,, Angular momentum, Torque, Rotational kinetic energy., 3- Elasticity:, Elasticity, Stress and strain, Hook’s law, Elastic Unit, Yielding point and, breaking point, Modulus of elasticity, Young’s modules bulk modules of, rigidity and their applications in enginerring., 4- Fluid Mechanics:, Concept of viscosity, Determination of coefficient of viscosity by Stoke’s law,, Surface tension, Capillarity and its applications, 5- Ultrasonic and its Applications:, Production, Detection, Properties and industrial application., 6- Thermal Physics:, Kinetic theory of gases, Determination of pressure of an ideal gas, Basic, comcepts of gas laws, Concept of PV = RT, Significance of R. Root mean,, Square speed on molucular agitation, Concept of temperature, Concept of, specific heat, Capacity of gases, Relation Cp - Cv = R, Degree of freedom,, Concept of specific heat, Capacity of simple solid and gases, Mode of heat, transfer, Coefficient of thermal conductivity and its determination by i) Searl’s, method for good conductor ii) Lee’s method for poor conductor, Conduction, of heat through compund media., , 7- Optical Instruments:, Formation of images, Combination of lenses, Dispersion and dispersion and, dispersive power, Type of objective, lenses, Ramsdens and Hygens eye piece,, Optical projection principles, Defects in image formation (qualitative),, Microscope (simple and compund), Telescope (astronomical, terrestrial, and, theodolite) and their magnifying powers., 8- Electricity and Magnetism:, Wheat-stones bridge and expression for its sensitivity and application of this, principles in measurement of resistance, Potentionmeter, Kirchoff’s laws and, their simple application, Biot-savart law, Magnetic fields around a curret, straight conductor, circular loops and solenoids, Force on a moving charge and, current in a magnetic field, Force between two current carrying parallel, conductors, Electro magnetic induction (Faraday’s laws), Susceptibility,, Permeability, Para, dia and ferro magnetism., 9- Semi-Conductor Physics:, Energy band formation, Band structures of conductors, insulators and semiconductors, Intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors, Effects of temperature,, Barrier voltage, Diode, Formation of a transistor, Majority and minority charge, carriers, Base, emitter and collector currents and their relationship, Device, characteristics, Photo electric effect and its applications, Concept of super, conductor and conductivity., 10- Laser and its Applications:, Spontaneous and stimulated exission, Absorption, Laser idea, Population and, inversion, Pumping schemes and active medium, Optical resonator, Ruby laser,, He-Ne gas laser, Properties of laser beams (monochromaticeity, coherence,, dirctionally, brightess and industrial application)., 11- Fiber Optics:, Ciritical angle, Total internal reflection, Principle of fiber optics, Various, applications of fiber (communication, environmental, measurment and quality, control), 12- Renewable Energy Sources:

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a) Wind energy-Induction, Scope and significance, Measurement of wind, velocity of wind mills., b) Historical significance of solar energy, Availability of solar energy,, Availability of solar energy on earth surface, Solar energy as free gift, Solar, radiation and its classification, Global solar radiation in India, Measurement of, solar radiation by :, , Humanities, Part-1 : Humanities (English), 1- Introduction to communication methods., 2- Development of comprehension of English through the study of text, material and language exercises, based on the oprescribed text, book prepared by CDC-IEERT., , i. Solar intensity meter, , 3- Development of expression through :, , ii. Pyrometer, Basic idea of solar collectors and their application, Solar, cooker, Solar water heater, Concept of photo voltaic cell and panells., , a. Letters : Personal, Business, Official and unofficial, and Applications, b. Report writing, , c.Precise writing, , d. Antonyms and synonyms, 4- Essays on subjecgts of technical and industrial importance., (Topics, for Essays, work limit 200 words)Democracy, Importance of technical, education, Pollution, The value of games and sports, Problem of, unemplyment in India, Unity on diversity in India, My idea of a happy life,, Influence that shaped my life, Rural reconstruction in India, Man is the, archetect of his own fate., , Part-2 : Humanities (Hindi), 1- Development of comprehension knowledge of Hindi, usage, through, rapid reading and language exercise based on prescribed text material, developed by CDC-IERT., 2- Development of expression through., a. Letter writing in Hindi : Personal, Business, and Official application., b. Antonyms and synonyms, .