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MANIPUR HISTORY, , CHAPTER-II, , HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY, Q1. What does Historical Archaeology deal with? (1/2018), Ans:, , Historical Archaeology deals with the historical remains of human, artefacts since, man know how to write and record, their history. It deals with the study of, , paleographical and epigraphical records, temple arts and architecture, sculpturai, remains and numismatics., , Q2. Mention the main sources of the, , Ans:, , art and architecture in, Manipur., The main sources of Art and Architecture of, Manipur were the old, Umanglais, old standing monuments and temples., , Laiphams, , of, , Q3. Explain the role of temples in the reconstruction of Manipur, , history., Manipur, temples played an important role as the keeper of historical records and, religious culture and beliefs of the people. While it reflected the religious, , Ans:, , In, , the, aspirations of the people, temples had sculptures, images, designs and structures that, , portrayed the then prevailing architecture., Some of the more important temples of Manipur are:, 1) Vishnu temple at Bishnupur, constructed, , during King Kyamba;, , 2) Krishna temple at Brahmapur (Imphal), constructed during King Charairongba;, 3) Govindaji temple at Kangla (Imphal), constructed during King Nara Singh., , These temples contained various architectural designs and structures specific to, , their own periods. They also highlighted the Meitei people's beliefs in Lais. These, temples have a Hindu temple structures like figures, deities highlighting the Meitei, belief in Hindu gods and goddesses. It also reflected the Meitei people conversion from, Sanamahi religion to Vaishnavite Hinduism., Q4. Under which Manipur King, the Meitei script was first introduced?, Ans:, Under King Kyamba, the Meitei script was introduced., Q5. Name two important stone inscriptions of Proto - Historical Manipur., , Ans:, , 1) Konthoujam Lairembi, , Stone, , Inscription;, , 2) Khoibu maring Stone Inscription., Q6. Mention the role of Numismatics in the reconstruction of Manipur History., Ans:, Numismatics (the study of coins) is an essential component in the reconstruction of, Manipur history. This is so because the study of coins reveals the then prevailing, , economic, political, social and cultural history of Manipur. For instance, the 'Sel', which is a small bell metal coin is said to have been minted in the 16th 17th, century, A.D., , during the reign of King Khagemba.

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The coins of Manipur can be divided into three groups, the scripts embedded in the coins. They are:, , or, , categories according, , lo, , 1) Coins with archaic scripts of Manipur;, , 2) Coins with Devanagiri script;, 3) Cons with Bengali script., , coins, minted in gold, silver and bell metal respectively. These, taste in literature and the, highlighted the level of literary activities, the people's, the existence, intellectual advancement of the the people of the state. They also implied, Vaishnava Hinduism from, of the old language of the Meiteis, the Meiteis' conversion to, , These coins, , were, , their ancestral religion (Sanamahi)., to humans?, (2/2020), Q7. How did the Mesolithic culture provide new resources, warmer and, became, climate, Ans: The Mesolithic culture belongs to the Holocene era. The, flora and fauna of the, humid. Due to increased rainfall, there were expansions in the, the Mesolithic, region. This led to the availability of new resources to humans during, -, , period., , transition of the various phases, Q8. Show the division of the Palaeolithic age Or Show the, , stone tools., of the Palaeolithic age with the increased differences in the refineness of the, It, The Palaeolithic age is the age in which men used coarsed (rough) stone tools., Ans:, substantial subsequent refineness in the tools, can be subdicided into three phases with, used:, , used were mainly hand, 1) Lower Palaeolithic: During this period, the popular tools, coarse and massive in size., axes and cleavers. These tools were generally, were generally more, 2) Middle Palaeolithic: During this period, the tools used, as Flake, refined and were made of flakes. For this reason, this period is at times known, , tool industry., , 3) Upper Palaeolithic:, sharper, , blades,, , the tools used were more refined, smaller in size and lighter in weight. For instance,, , During, , this, , period,, , the edges, more pointed,, bore tools, grinding stones and bone tools., on