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BOOK -1, , FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Ch-1HUMAN GEOGRAPHY:NATURE & SCOPE, , Q1. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow: Benda lives in the, wilds of the Abujh Maad area of central India. His village consists of three huts deep in the, wilds. Not even birds or stray dogs that usually crowd villages can be seen in these areas., Wearing a small loin cloth and armed with his axe he slowly surveys the penda (forest) where, his tribe practices a primitive form of agriculture called shifting cultivation. Benda and his, friends burn small patches of forest to clear them for cultivation. The ash is used for making, the soil fertile. Benda is happy that the Mahua trees around him are in bloom. How lucky I, am to be a part of this beautiful universe, he thinks as he looks up to see the Mahua, Palash, and Sal trees that have sheltered him since childhood. Crossing the penda in a gliding motion,, Benda makes his way to a stream. As he bends down to scoop up a palmful of water, he, remembers to thank Loi-Lugi, the spirit of the forest for allowing him to quench his thirst., 1.Benda practices which of the type of agriculture ?, a. Subsistence gathering, b. Slash burn cultivation, c, Extensive grain farming, d. Horticulture, 2.The state of the society in the passage can be describe by the of the following term, a. Neo determinism, b. Ariel differentiation, c. Possibilisim, d. Environtmental determinism, 3. What has allowed humans to loosen the shackles of the nature ?, A, Development of agriculture, B Development of new tools, c. Discovery of fir e, d . All of the above, Q2 A: The type of relation between primitive human society and strong forces of nature was, termed as environmental determinism., R: Due to very low technological developments, primitive man listened to the nature and, was afraid of its fury and worshipped it., , 3

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a)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A., c)A is true but R is false., d)A is false but R is true., , Q 3. Which one of the following statements does not describe geography?, (a) An integrative discipline, (b) Study of the inter-relationship between humans and environment, (c) Subjected to dualism, (d) Not relevant in the present time due to the development of technology, , Q 4 Which one of the following is not a source of geographical information?, (a) Traveller’s accounts, (b) Old maps, (c) Samples of rock materials from the moon, (d) Ancient Epic, 5. Which one of the following is the most important factor in the interaction between, people and environment?, (a) Human intelligence, (b) People’s perception, (c) Technology, (d) Human brotherhood, 6 Which one of the following is not an approach in human geography?, (a) Areal differentiation, (b) Spatial organisation, (c) Quantitative revolution, (d) Exploration and description, 7 The theme of human geography is based on –, (a) The study of nature, (b) The study of human beings and their activities, (c) The relationship between man and his natural environment, (d) The study of phenomenon occurred on the surface of the earth, 8 “Human geography is a study of changing relationship between unarresting man and, unstable earth” The core idea of above mentioned definition is –, (a) Dynamism in the relationship, (b) Synthesis, (c) New conceptions of the interrelationship, (d) Welfare, 9 Which of the following Scholar (geographer) defined geography as “The synthetic, study of relationship between human societies and the earth’s surface”., (a) Miss Ellen Semple, (b) Vidal de la Blache, 4

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(c) Friedrich Ratzel, (d) Griffith Taylor, 10 Vidal de la Blache supported the idea of ______., (a) Possibilism, (b) Determinism, (c) Behavioural School, (d) Radical School, 11.The core concern of ‘Stop & Go’ determinism is(a) The movement of human from a state of necessity to a state of freedom., (b) Human beings should adapt the dictates of nature., (c) Possibilities can be created within a limit and there is no free run without accidents., (d) None of the above, 12 Which factors helped the human to conquer nature?, (a) Intelligence, (b) Development of new thoughts, (c) Development of technology, (d) Discoveries and explorations of new ideas, 13 . Which is not a fact ?, (a) pollution is caused due to industrial development, (b) ozone layer is depleted due to primitive agriculture, (c ) global warming is due to green house effect, (d) land has been degraded due to pollution, 14. Which one of the following is not the methodology of human geography?, (a)Aerial specialization, (b)Spatial organization, (c )Quantitative revolution, (d)Investigation and description, 15.Behavioral school of thought lade emphasis on, (a)Passed expricnece, (b)live experience, (c )Present experience, (d) Present experience, 16.Which of the following is sub field of economic geography, (a)Geography of leisure, (b)Military geography, (c ) Historical geography, (d) Geography of agriculture, 17 In which period Quantitative thought became popular in geographical studies, (a) 1850, (b)1920, (c ) 1900, (d) late 1950s, 18.Make correct pairs from the following two columns and select the correct option., Period, Approach, 1. Early colonial period, (a) Exploration & Description, 5

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2. Late 1950’s to the late 1960’s, 3. Later colonial period, 4. 1930’s through the inter-war period, , (b) Regional Analysis, (c) Aerial Differentiation, (d) Spatial Organization, , (a) 1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (c), (b) 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b), (c ) 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a), (d) 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d), 19. Assertion: Nature of human geography is dynamic., Reason: Branches of human geography are co-related to each other., OPTIONS, (a). Only Assertion is correct, (b) Only Reason is correct, (c )Both Assertion and Reason correct and Reason is correct explanation of Assertion., (d )Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., .20.Assertion: Physical geography studies about human activities., Reason: Man is a centre of human geography., OPTIONS, (a) Only Assertion is correct., (b) Only Reason is correct., (c ) Both Assertion and Reason correct and Reason is correct explanation of Assertion., (d) Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------, , 6

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Answer Key CH1 HUMAN GEOGRAPHY:NATURE & SCOPE, , 1.1: b. Slash, burn, cultivation, , 1.2 d., 1.3 d . All of the, Environtmental, above, determinism, , 2. b, , 3.(d), , 4 (c), 9 (c ), , 5 (c ), 10(a), , 6 (c ), 11( c), , 7(c ), 12(c), , 8(a ), 13 (b), , 14 (c ), , 15(b), , 16( d), , 17 (d ), , 18(a), , 19 . (d), , 20 . (b)Reason, is correct., , 2.THE WORLD POPULATION:DISTRIBUTION,DENSITY &, GROWTH, Q1.A: Ramu migrated from Uttarakhand to Delhi along with his family due to scarcity of, livelihood and frequent landslides. This is an example of Push Factor., R: The push factors make the place of destination seem less attractive for reasons like, unemployment, natural disasters, socio-economic backwardness, etc., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true but R is false., d) A is false but R is true., Q2 Which of the following pair is not correctly matched?, REGIONS, a. Kobe-Osaka region, b. Mediterranean Regions, c. Ganga Plains, d. Mega cities, , FACTOR OF HIGH DENSITY, in Japan Presence of industries, Pleasant climate, Scenic beauty, Good civic amenities and employment, , Q3.Consider the following statements and choose the correct option from the given, options, 1. Population grown rapidly during the sixteenth and seventeenth century., 2. Expansion of world trade during sixteenth and seventeenth century is an important, cause of it., , 7

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a.Only 1 is correct., b. Only 2 is correct, c. Both the statements are incorrect, d. Both statements are correct and statement 2 correctly explains the statement 1., Q 4 Consider the following points regarding the growing population in developing, world and choose the correct options from the given options;, 1. Birth rate is extremely high as compared to death rate., 2. Need for children to go out and work to bring in income for the family., 3. Lack of availability and knowledge of contraception and family planning., Options;, a. Only 1 and 2 are correct., b. Only 2 and 3 are correct, c. All 1,2 and 3 are correct, d. All are incorrect, Q.5Which one of the following continents has the highest growth of population?, (a) Africa, (b) South America, (c) Asia, (d) North America, Q.6 Which one of the following is not an area of sparse population?, (a) The Atacama, (b) Equatorial region, (c) South-east Asia, (d) Polar regions, Q.7Which one of the following is not a push factor?, (a) Water shortage, (b) Medical/educational facilities, (c) Unemployment, (d) Epidemics, Q.8 Which one of the following is not a fact?, (a) Human population increased more than ten times during the past 500 years., (b) It took 100 years for the population to rise from 5 billion to 6 billion, (c) Population growth was high in the first stage of demographic transition., (d) Population growth was very slow in the first stage of demographic transition, Q 9 “Asia has many places where people are few and few places where people are, many” Above mentioned remark about uneven distribution of Asia as well as world, population is given by, a. Dudley Stamp, b. G.B. Cressey, c. Hartshorne, d. Griffith Taylor, 8

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Q.10 Patterns of population distribution and density of population help us to, understand, a. Regional imbalances of an area, b. Demographic characteristics of any area, c. Uneven topography of an area, d. Developmental level of an area, Q 11The density of population is usually measured in, a. Persons/cm area, b. Persons/sq km area, c. Persons/cubic area, d. All the above, Q 12 When we found more than 200 persons on every square km then the area will be, considered as, a. Highly or densely populated, b. sparsely populated, c. Rarely Populated, d. Under Populated, Q 13Which of the following area has very low density of population?, a. North-Eastern part of USA, b. High rainfall zones near the Equator., c.Sweden in Europe, d. South and South-East Asia, Q14 Which of the following area is densely populated?, a. North-Western part of Europe, b. Western China, c. North and South Pole, d. Southern India in Asia, Q 15 Which is the most important geographical factor that attract the human, inhabitation in particular area?, a. Availability of water, b. Urbanization, c. Minerals, d. Social factors, Q16. Which Factor is responsible for high density of population found in Katanga, Zambia located in Africa?, a. Availability of mineral wealth (copper), b. Availability of good forest resources, c. Close social ties, d. Scenic landscapes, Q17 The population growth or population change refers to the-----------------of, inhabitants of a territory during a specific period of time., a. Decrease in number, b. Change in number, c. Increase in number, d. huge migration, 9

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Q18. Which factors affect the mortality rate of a region?, a. Demographic Structure, b. Social advancement, c. Level of its economic development, d. All the above, Q19. Which of the following is not a PUSH factor of migration?, a. Poor living conditions, b. Political turmoil, c. Epidemics, d. Pleasant climate, Q20 Every five person in the world live in, A China, B india, C Nigeria, D USA, Q21.Ten most populous countries make up ___%of worlds population, A 65%, B 55%, C 60%, D 50%, Q22.How much did human population increase during past 500 years, A 12times, B 6times, C 10 times, D 8 times, Q23.the third most populous nation in the year 2000 was, A Nigeria, B Japan, C China, D US, Q24.Indias population will double itself in:, A.38 years, B.34 years, C.36 years, D.32 years, Q25. By 2025, the world population will be, A. 6.8 billion, B. 8 billion, C. 6 billion, D. 8.6 billion, Q26.The term crude birth rate (CBR) is close meaning to which the following terms, A.Mortality, B.Fertility, C.Migration, D.None, Q27.The fertility rate is, A.Total number of children born to a woman, B.Average number of children born to a woman, 10

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C.Total children born in a year, D.None of these, Q28. Migrants who move into a new place are called, A.Emigrants, B.NRI, C.Immigrants, D.None, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------, , ANSWER KEY, , CH-2, , THE WORLD POPULATION:DISTRIBUTION,DENSITY &, GROWTH, 1C, 6C, 11 B, 16 A, 21 C, 26B, , 2C, 7D, 12 A, 17 B, 22 C, 27 A, , 3.D, 8C, 13 B, 18 D, 23 D, 28 C, , 4C, 9. B, 14 A, 19 D, 24 C, , 11, , 5A, 10 B, 15 A, 20 A, 25B

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CH-4 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, Q1. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:, For many decades, a country’s level of development was measured only in, terms of its economic growth. This meant that the bigger the economy of the, country, the more developed it was considered, even though this growth did not, really mean much change in the lives of most people., The idea that the quality of life people enjoy in a country, the opportunities, they have and freedoms they enjoy, are important aspects of development, is, not new., These ideas were clearly spelt out for the first time in the late eighties and, early nineties. The works of two South Asian economists, Mahbub-ul-Haq and, Amartya Sen are important in this regard., The concept of human development was introduced by Dr Mahbub-ul-Haq., Dr Haq has described human development as development that enlarges, people’s choices and improves their lives. People are central to all development, under this concept. These choices are not fixed but keep on changing. The basic, goal of development is to create conditions where people can live meaningful, lives., A meaningful life is not just a long one. It must be a life with some purpose., This means that people must be healthy, be able to develop their talents,, participate in society and be free to achieve their goals., , Q1.1 Which criterion was used in the early period to measure development ?, a. Industrial growth, b. Agricultural growth, c. Economic growth, d. Population growth, Q1.2 Who introduced the concept of Human development?, a. prof, Amartya Sen, b. Dr. Mahbub-Ul-Haq, c. Alexander Von Humboldt, d. Ratzel, Q1.3 Which of the following is not an important aspect of development?, a. The quality of life, b. Opportunities, c. Freedom, d. People’s movement, Q1.4 According to Dr Mehbub-Ul-Haq which of the following is central to all, development ?, a. Basic infrastructure, b. People, c. Stress on education, d. Safety and security, Q1.5 People must be healthy, be able to develop their talents, participate in society, and be free to achieve their goals are the features of which of the following?, a. Meaningful life, b. Enjoyable life, 12

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c. Terrible life, d. Rigid life, Q2 Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:, 5x1=5, “As many as 33 countries record low levels of human development. A large proportion of, these are small countries which have been going through political turmoil and social, instability in the form of civil war, famine or a high incidence of diseases. There is an urgent, need to address the human development requirements of this groups through well thought out, policies., International comparisons of human development can show some very interesting results., Often people tend to blame low levels of human development on the culture of the people., For example, X country has lower human development because its people follow Y religion,, or belong to Z community. Such statements are misleading., To understand why a particular region keeps reporting low or high levels of human, development it is important to look at the pattern of government expenditure on the social, sector. The political environment of the country and the amount of freedom people have is, also important. Countries with high levels of human development invest more in the social, sectors and are generally free from political turmoil and instability. Distribution of the, country’s resources is also far more equitable., On the other hand, places with low levels of human development tend to spend more on, defence rather than social sectors. This shows that these countries tend to be located in areas, of political instability and have not been able to initiate accelerated economic development., 2.1 How many countries are lying in the low ranking HDI group?, a. 36, b. 33, c. 42, d. 44, 2.2 Which of the following reason responsible for low HDI rankings ?, a. high governmental expenditure on social sector, b. accelerated economic growth, c. equitable distribution of resources, d. political turmoil, 2.3 How does the political environment determines the country’s high HDI ranking?, a. The government is not accountable to its people., , 13

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b. The high level of corruption and poor governance., c. The government formulates policies for public welfare., d. Incompetency of the government schemes, 2.4 The countries with high level of human development invest more on which of the, following ?, a. Defence sector, b. Agricultural sector, c. Social sector, d. private sector, 2.5 The countries with high level of human development experiences which of the, following ?, a. political instability and Social turmoil, b. food insecurity and famines, c. high incidences of epidemics, d. accelerated economic development, Q3. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:, , 5x1=5, , “The human development index measures attainments in human development. It reflects what, has been achieved in the key areas of human development. Yet it is not the most reliable, measure. This is because it does not say anything about the distribution. The human poverty, index is related to the human development index. This index measures the shortfall in human, development. Since 1990, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been, publishing the Human Development Report every year. This report provides a rank-wise list, of all member countries according to the level of human development. The Human, Development index and the Human Poverty index are two important indices to measure, human development used by the UNDP.”, It is a non-income measure. The probability of not surviving till the age of 40, the adult, illiteracy rate, the number of people who do not have access to clean water, and the number, of small children who are underweight are all taken into account to show the shortfall in, human development in any region. Often the human poverty index is more revealing than the, human development index., Looking at both these measures of human development together gives an accurate picture of, the human development situation in a country., , 14

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3.1 The key areas of human development does not include:, a. access to Resource, b. access to Health, c. access to Food, d. access to Education, 3.2 The shortfalls of human development include:, a. underweight children, b. adult literacy, c. access to clean water, d. high life expectancy, 3.3 The first human development report was published in ___________., a. 1989, b. 1990, c. 1991, d. 1992, 3.4 The human development report is published by:, a. UNESCO, b. UNGA, c. UNDP, d. WHO, 3.5 Which of the following is not true about human poverty index ?, a. It measures the shortfall of human development, b. It is income generated measure., c. It is often more revealing than the human development index., d. All of the above, , 15

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Q4. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:, Both growth and development refer to changes over a period of time. The difference is that, growth is quantitative and value neutral. It may have a positive or a negative sign. This means, that the change may be either positive (showing an increase) or negative (indicating a, decrease)., Development means a qualitative change which is always value positive. This means that, development cannot take place unless there is an increment or addition to the existing, conditions. Development occurs when positive growth takes place. Yet, positive growth does, not always lead to development. Development occurs when there is a positive change in, quality., For example, if the population of a city grows from one lakh to wo lakhs over a period of, time, we say the city has grown. However, if a facilities like housing, provision of basic, services and other characteristics remain the same. Then this growth has not been, accompanied by development., 4.1 .Growth refers to –, (a) increase in size, (b) change in quality, (c) constant in size, (d) A simple change in quality, 4.2. Development means a qualitative change which is always, (a) value neutral, (b) value positive, (c) value negative, (d) value constant, 4.3. Which of the following doesn't define development., (a) Development Is always value positive, (b) Development occurs when positive growth take place, (c) Development means quantitative change, (d) Development means qualitative change, 4.4 In which of the following cases growth of a city is not accompanied by development, a) Provision of better housing facilities, b. Provision of standard educational facilities, 16, , 4x1=4

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c. Provision of better health facilities, d. Provision of better irrigation facilities, Q5. Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:, International comparisons of human development are interesting. Size of the territory and per, capita income are not directly related to human development. Often smaller countries have, done better than larger ones in human development. Similarly, relatively poorer nation have, been ranked higher than richer neighbours in terms of human development., For example, Sri Lanka, Trinidad and Tobago have a higher rank than India in the human, development index despite having smaller economies. Similarly, within India. Kerala, performs much better than Punjab and Gujarat in human development despite having lower, per capita income., Countries can be classified into four groups on the basis of the human development scores, earned by them., , 5.1 in terms of human development relatively__________ Nations have been ranked, higher than ______, (a) poorer nations, richer neighbours, (b) richer neighbours, poorer nations, (c) smaller countries, bigger countries, (d) developed countries, developing countries, 5.2 Countries can be classified into how many groups on the basis of the human, development scores earned by them, (a) 2, 17

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(b) 3, (C) 4, (d) 5, 5.3 Countries with very high human development index are those which have a score, between, a) 0.800 to 1, b) 0.701 to 0.799, c) 0.550 to 700, d) 0 to 0.549, 5.4 In which of the following indicators Punjab and Gujarat are better than Kerala ?, a) Life expectancy, b) Per capita income, c) Literacy rate, d) All of the above, 5.5 Many of the countries with high human development score are located in:, a) Asia, b) South America, c) North America, d) Europe, ASSERTION - REASON BASED QUESTIONS, Q6. Assertion(A):- Very often, people have the capability and freedom to make basic, choices in the areas of low human development., Reason(R):- This may be due to their inability to acquire knowledge, their material, poverty, social discrimination, inefficiency of institutions and other reasons., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, , 18

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Q7. Assertion(A):- Sustainability means continuity in the availability of opportunities., Reason(R):- All environmental, financial and human resources must be used keeping, in mind the future, a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q8. Assertion(A):- The level of development has four categories Very high, High,, Medium, Low, Reason(R):- The number of countries in Medium category are 59 as per human, development report 2016., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q9. Assertion (A): Human resource is necessary for the progress of any country., Reason (R): Investment in education and health of people can result in a high rate of, returns in the future for a country., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q10. Assertion (A):- Building people capabilities in the areas of health, education and, access to resources is important in enlarging people’s choices., Reason (R):- If people have the capabilities in these areas, their choices are also get, limited., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, 19

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d) A is false and R is true, Q11. Assertion(A): First Human Development Report published by United Nations, Development Programme (UNDP) in 1990., Reason(R): India with a population of over 1.38 billion is ranked 131 among 189, countries of the world in terms of Human Development Index ( HDI), a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q12. Assertion(A):- The Human Development Index ranks the countries based on their, performance in the key areas of health, education and access to resources., Reason(R) :- These ranking are based on a score between 0 to 1, that a country earns, from it scored in the key areas of human development., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q13. Assertion(A): High level of human development group has 53 countries as per, 2020 HDR., Reason(R): A higher investment in people and good governance has set this group apart, from others., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q14 Assertion(A):- Income approach is one of the oldest approaches to human, development., Reason(R):- This approach looks at human beings as beneficiaries or targets of all, development activities., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., 20

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c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q15. Assertion(A):- Empowerment means to have the power to make choices, which, comes from increasing freedom and capabilities., Reason(R):- Therefore, efforts to increase their knowledge, or provide better health, facilities ultimately leads to better work efficiency., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q16. Assertion(A):- The government has introduced “Beti Bachao Beti Padhao”, programme., Reason(R):- This programme address the issue of increasing social crime., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A ., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) Both A and R are true, d) Both A and R are false, Q17. Assertion(A):- Leading and healthy life, being able to gain knowledge and having, enough means to be the most important aspects of human development., Reason(R):- Therefore access to resources, health and education are not the key, aspects in human development., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q18. Assertion(A):- Bhutan is the only country in the world to officially proclaim the, Gross National Happiness(GHN) as the measure of the country’s progress., Reason(R):- As the Bhutan focuses more on material progress., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., 21

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c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q19. Assertion (A) : The indicator chosen to assess health is the literacy rate., Reason (R) : Higher literacy rate means that people have a greater chance of living, longer and healthier lives., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) Both A and R are false, Q20. Assertion (A) : Countries with low levels of human development tend to be located, in areas of political instability and have not been able to initiate accelerated economic, development., Reason (R) : As the countries with low level of human development tend to spend more, on social sector rather than defence sector., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is false and R is true, d) Both A and R are false, Q21.Assertion (A) : According to the Human Development Report 2018, Norway is, placed at the first position., Reason (R) : The Norwegian Government gave more priority to health and education, and lot of investments were made in social sector., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is false and R is true, d) Both A and R are false, Assertion (A) : - Growth can be either positive or negative., Reason (R) : - Growth measure the qualitative change, a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., 22

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c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q23. Assertion (A) :-Productivity means human labour productivity or productivity in, terms of human work., Reason (R) : -Such productivity must be constantly enriched by building capabilities in, people., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q24. Assertion (A) :- Basic needs approach is one of the approaches to human, development., Reason (R) : This approach was initially developed by World Health Organisation, (WHO), a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is true and R is false, d) A is false and R is true, Q25. Assertion (A) :- There are 37 countries in the medium level of human development, as per HDR 2020., Reason (R) :- Most of these are countries which have emerged in the period before the, Second World War., a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A., c) A is false and R is true, d) Both A and R are false, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------, , 23

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ANSWER KEY (Ch-4 Human Development), , 1.1- c,, , 1.2- b, , 1.3- d, , 1.4- b, , 2.1- a, , 2.2- d, , 2.3- c, , 2.4- c, , 2.5- d, , 3.1- c, , 3.2- a, , 3.3- b, , 3.4- c, , 3.5- b, , 4.1- a, , 4.2- b, , 4.3- c, , 4.4- d, , 5.1- a, , 5.2- c, , 5.3- a, , 5.4- b, , 5.5- d, , 6- d, , 7.a, , 8- c, , 9- a, , 10- c, , 11- b, , 12- a, , 13- a, , 14- c, , 16- b, , 17-c, , 18- b, , 19- d, , 21- a, , 22- c, , 23- a, , 24- c, , 24, , 1.5- a, , 15- b, 20 b, 25- b

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CH-5, , PRIMARY ACTIVITIES, , 1. The scientific study, cultivation and harvesting of grapes is known as-(A)Viticulture, ( B)Viniculture, ( C )Viviculture, (D )Vivuculture, , 2. Assertion (A) People engaged in primary activities are called red collar workers., Reason: (R) This is due to outdoor nature of the work., (A)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, (B)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, (C)A is true but R is false, (D A is false but R is true., 3. The use of minerals in ancient times was largely confined to the making of-A) Tools, B)Utensils, C) Weapons, D) All the above, 4. Several countries of Africa and few of South America and Asia have over fifty, Percent of the earnings from ----------------alone, A)Labour, B)Migrant money, C)Minerals, D)Dairy farming, 5. Assertion: ( A): It is true that dairy farming is the most advanced and efficient type of, Rearing of animals for the milk in the world,, Reason (R) :This is because it is highly capital as well as labour intensive., A)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C)A is true but R is false, , 25

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D)A is false but R is true., 6. Assertion ( A): The people in the coastal areas still catch fish through fishing has, Experienced, modernization due to technological progress., Reason (R ): Many species now have become extinct or endangered due to illegal, Hunting or poaching., A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C)A is true but R is false, D)A is false but R is true., 7. Assertion (A): Mediterranean agriculture is that type found in the areas surrounding, Mediterranean Sea., Reason (R): These areas mild wet winters and hot dry summers which is suitable for, Cultivating grapes, olives and other cash crops which are exported to, Other countries., A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C)A is true but R is false, D)A is false but R is truea, 8. Assertion (A): Commercial livestock rearing is totally opposite to the nomadic, Herding., Reason (R) : It is more organized and capital intensive, the livestock rearing is, Practiced on permanent ranches., A)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C)A is true but R is false, D)A is false but R is true., 9. Assertion (A): Collective farming takes place when there is collective labour and, There is a social ownership of means of production., Reason (R): In collective farming all farm inputs are provided by the rich land lords., A)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, 26

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C)A is true but R is false, D)A is false but R is true, 10. Assertion (A): Gathering is the oldest economic activity known., Reason (R): This type of activity requires a small amount of capital investment, And operates at very low level of technology ,, A)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C)A is true but R is false, D)A is false but R is true, 11. Assertion (A): Market gardening and horticulture specialize in the cultivation of, High value crops such as vegetables, fruits and flowers solely Urban markets., Reason (R): It is both labour a nd capital intensive and lays emphasis on the, Use of irrigation, HYV seeds, fertilizers insecticides, green houses And artificial, heating in colder region, A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C) A is true but R is false, D)A is false but R is true, 12. Mention one factor on which the profitability of mining depends., A) Social factors, B) Political factors., C) Physical factors, D) All the above., 13. Why products of gathering cannot compete in the world market., A) Close market concept, B) Availability of less price synthetic products., C) Use of old technology., D) None of the above, 14. The actual development of mining began with the ------------A) Industrial revolution., B) Civil wars, 27

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C) World wars., D) All the above., 15. Primitive human being subsisted on ---------------A) Hunting, B) Gathering., C) Trade., D) Both A&B., 16. Chicle is made from the milky juice of ---------------- tree., A) Capof, B) Zapota, C) Balata., D) None, 17. Pastoralism is declining because ___________________, A) Imposition of political boundaries., B) Settlement plans., C) A&B both, D) None., 18. Prairies and pumpas are known for which type of agriculture.________, A) Plantation agriculture, B) Extensive commercial farming., C) Subsistence agriculture., D) Mixed farming., , 19. Farming which involves specialization in vegetables only known as___________, A) Truck farming, B) Market gardening., C) Horticulture., D) Veg. farmng., , 28

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20, Read the case study given below and answer the questions that follow. (any three, 3x1=3), Each nomadic community occupies a well identified territory as a matter of tradition., Pastoral nomadism is associated with three important regions. The core region extends from, Atlantic shores of North Africa eastwards across the Arabian peninsula into Mongolia and, central China. The second region extends over the Tundra region of Eurasia. In the southern, hemisphere there are small areas in south West Africa and on the island of Madagascar., Movement in search of pastures is undertaken either over vast horizontal distances or, vertically from one elevation to another in mountainous regions. The process of migration, from plain areas to pastures on mountains during summers and again from mountain pastures, to plains are as during winters is known as “Transhumance”. In mountain regions such as, Himalayas Gujjars, Bakarwals, Gaddis and Bhotiyas migrate from plains to mountains in, summer and to the plains from high altitude pastures in winters. Similarly in the Tundra, region the nomadic herders move from south to north in summers and from North to south in, winters., Q 1. why each nomadic community occupies a well identified territory?, A) As a matter of tradition, B) As a matter of division, C) As a matter of enemity, D) As a matter of segregation., Q.2. Why do nomadic communities move from one place to another?, A) Due to change in season, B) As part of their traditional habits, C) Due to terrorist threat, D) All of these., Q. 3. Where are Gaddis tribes found?, A) Madhya Pradesh, B) Jammu and Kashmir, C) Uttarakhand, D) Uttar Pradesh, Q.4 In which region the nomadic herders move from south to north in summers and from, north to south in winters?, A) Taiga, B) Tundra, C) Equatorial, 29

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D) Polar., 21. Arrange the correct sequence of column II against column I, Column I, (Field of agriculture), , Column II, (Related to), , I. Dairy farming, , 1. Grapes, , II. Viticulture, , 2. Kolkhoz., , III. Truck farming, , 3. Milch animals., , IV. Collective farming, , 4. Vegetables, , A)III—1,IV—2,I—3, II—4, B)IV—3, I—4, II—1, III—2, C) I—4, II—3, III—2, IV—1, D) II—1, III—4, IV—2, I--3, ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------, , 30

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ANSWER KEY CH-5 PRIMARY ACTIVITIES, 1, A. Viticulture, 2. A. BOTH A AND R ARE TRUE AND R IS THE CORRECT EXPLANATION OF A, 3. D. All the above, 4. C . Minerals, 5. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, 6. B, Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, 7. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 8. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 9. B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A., 10. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 11. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 12. C. Physical factors., 13.B. Availability of less price synthetic products., 14. A. Industrial revolution., 15. D. Both A&B, 16. C. Balata, 17. A. Imposition of political boundaries., 18. B. Extensive commercial farming., 19. A. Truck farming., 20.1. A. As a matter of tradition., 20-2. A. Due to the change of season., 20.3. B. Jammu & Kashmir., 20.4. B. Tundra., 21. D. II-1,III_4, IV-2,I-3., , 31

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BOOK – 2 INDIA –PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, , CH -1 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION, DENSITY, GROWTH AND, COMPOSITION, , Source Base Or Diagram Base Questions, , Q 1 Read the above graph carefully and give the answer for any three questions: (1) In which category of occupation highest population engaged?, (a) Household industries workers, (b) Cultivators and Agriculture laborers, (c) Other works, (d) none of the above, (2) Why are more people engaged in cultivation in India?, (A)Due to illiteracy, (B) more agriculture landless population, (c)lack of industrial development, (D) all of the above, (3) which of the following state/UT have highest percentage of cultivators?, (a) Himachal Pradesh, (B) Bihar, (C) Uttar Pradesh, (D) Punjab, (4) which of the following state/UT have highest percentage of other workers?, (A) Rajasthan, (B) Chhattisgarh, (C) Chandigarh, (D) Andhra Pradesh, (5) If the proportion of main and marginal workers will decline in India, what would be, its effects?, 32

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(A) More number of dependent people, (B) Less number of dependent people, (C) No change in number of productive people, (D) More number of productive people, Q 2 Study the above table carefully and give the answer for following questions: Decadal growth rates in India ,1901-2001, Census, (year), , Total Population, , 1901, , Growth Rate*, Absolute, Number, , % Of, Growth, , 238396327, , -------------, , --------------------, , 1911, , 252093390, , (+) 13697063, , (+) 5.75, , 1921, , 251321213, , (-) 772117, , (-) 0.31, , 1931, , 278977238, , (+) 27656025, , (+) 11.60, , 1941, , 318660580, , (+) 39683342, , (+) 14.22, , 1951, , 361088090, , (+) 42420485, , (+) 13.31, , 1961, , 439234771, , (+) 77682873, , (+) 21.51, , 1971, , 548159652, , (+) 108924881, , (+) 24.80, , 1981, , 683329097, , (+) 135169445, , (+) 24.66, , 1991, , 846302688, , (+) 162973591, , (+) 23.85, , 2001, , 1028610328, , (+) 182307640, , (+) 21.54, , (1) In Which decade the population growth rate was highest/maximum in India?, (A) 1971, (B) 1961, (C) 1991, (D) 1951, (2) In Which decade the population growth rate was lowest/minimum in India?, (A) 1931, (B) 1961, (C) 1991, (D) 1921, (3) what is the reason for continuous decline in population growth rate in the post, 1981?, 33

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(A) A downward trend of crude birth rate, (B) A downward trend of crude death rate, (C) Increased international migration, (D) High crude death rate, (4) what is the meaning of decadal population growth rate?, (A) Decline in total population, (B) Gives an overview of the total population growth in a particular decade, (C) Increase in total population, (D) population growth in a particular year, (5) what was the decadal growth rate between 1981to 1991?, (A) 24.66 %, (B) 24.80 %, (C) 23.85 %, (D) 24.80 %, , 3. Consider the following statements, establish the cause-and-effect relationship and, choose the correct answer from the given options, A In the post 1981, the growth rate of country’s population though remained high, has started, slowing down gradually., R. A downward trend of crude birth rate is held responsible for such a population growth., Optionsa. Only statement I is true, b. Only statement II is true, c. Both the statements are true and statement II presents the valid cause for statement I, d. Both the statement are irrelevant, 4. Which of the following pair is not matched correctly?, a. Kerala, - Lowest population growth, b. Migration, - Induced population growth, c. Andaman & Nicobar - Highest population density among all, the union territories, d. Phase IV of population growth - Improvement in women’s education, 5. In which of the following states, maximum concentration of population is found?, a. Maharashtra and Sikkim, b. Bihar and Sikkim, c. Maharashtra and Bihar, d. Sikkim and Goa, 6. Which of the, a. Jain and Muslim, , following, , is, , the, , b. Buddhist and Christian, 34, , smallest, , religious, , group, , of, , India?

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c. Jain and Buddhist, d. Jain and Christian, 7.Consider the following and choose correct option with the help of given codes-, , Areas, I Rajasthan, II Jharkhand, III Peninsular States, IV Northern Plains, CodesI, II, a., 3, 4, b., 1, 2, c., 4, 3, d., 3, 4, , Causes Of Population Growth, 1. Availability of fertile land and soil, 2. Development of transport network, 3. Development of irrigation, 4. Development of minerals and energy resources, III, 2, 3, 2, 1, , IV, 1, 4, 1, 2, , 8. Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer from the given, options., I. The uses of natural resources like land and water in the river plains and coastal areas of, India have shown the sign of degradation, II. The concentration of population remains high because of an early history of human, settlement and development of transport network., a. Only statement I is correct, b. Both the statements I and II are correct, c. Only statement II is correct, d. Both the statements are incorrect, CASE STUDIES BASED QUESTIONS, 9.Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:, The National Youth Policy of Government of India, launched in 2003, stresses on an all, round improvement of the youth and adolescents enabling them to shoulder responsibility, towards constructive development of the country. It also aims at reinforcing the qualities of, patriotism and responsible citizenship. The thrust of this policy is youth empowerment in, terms of their effective participation in decision making and carrying the responsibility of an, able leader. Special emphasis was given in empowering women and girl child to bring parity, in the male-female status. Moreover, deliberate efforts were made to look into youth health,, sports and recreation, creativity and awareness about new innovations in the spheres of, science and technology., 1.In which year National youth policy of India, was introduced?, (A) 1993, 35

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(B) 2003, (C) 2013, (D) 20001, 2. Which of the following is the aim of National Youth Policy?, (A) reinforcement of the qualities of patriotism and responsible citizenship., (B) responsibility towards constructive development of the country, (C) Employment Generation, (D) Both A and B, 3. What is the main thrust of National Youth Policy?, (A) youth empowerment in terms of their effective participation in decision making and, carrying the responsibility of an able leader., (B) responsibility towards constructive development of the country, (C) Employment Generation, (D reinforcement of the qualities of patriotism and responsible citizenship, 4. Why National Youth Policy has given more emphasis on empowering women and girl, child?, (A) For better child sex ratio, (B) For high female employment rate, (C) to bring parity in the male-female status, (D) To control child marriages, 10.Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:, The population of India according to their economic status is divided into three groups,, namely; main workers, marginal workers and non-workers. It is observed that in India, the, proportion of workers (both main and marginal) is only 39.8 per cent (2011) leaving a vast, majority of about 60 per cent as non-workers. This indicates an economic status in which, there is a larger proportion of dependent population, further indicating possible existence of, large number of unemployed or under employed people. What is work participation rate? The, proportion of working population, of the states and Union Territories show a moderate, variation from about 39.6 per cent in Goa to about 49.9 per cent in Daman and Diu. The, states with larger percentages of workers are Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh,, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur and Meghalaya. Among, the Union Territories, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu have higher participation, rate. It is understood that, in the context of a country like India, the work participation rate, tends to be higher in the areas of lower levels of economic development since number of, manual workers are needed to perform the subsistence or near subsistence economic, activities., 1. What is the proportion of workers in total population of India according to census, 2011?, (A) 39.6 percent, 36

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(B) 39.8 percent, (C) 60 percent, (D) 49.9 percent, 2. The population of India is divided into three groups, namely; main workers, marginal, workers and non-workers, what is the basis for this division?, (A) Social status, (B) Economic status, (C) Political status, (D) Religious status, 3. Which of the following state is having low work participation rates?, (A) Himachal Pradesh, (B) Maharashtra, (C) Chhattisgarh, (D) Andhra Pradesh, 4. In India, the work participation rate tends to be higher in the areas of lower levels of, economic development. what is reason for this?, (A) More workers are engaged in secondary activities, (B) High level of technology in these areas, (C) More workers are required to perform the subsistence or near subsistence economic, activities., (D) None of the above, , 37

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BOOK -2 INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, , ANSWER KEY -1 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION, DENSITY, GROWTH AND, COMPOSITION, 1.1.) bCultivators and, Agriculture, laborers, , 1.2 D all of the, above, , 1.3 A Himachal, Pradesh, , 1.4CChandigarh, , 1.5 A) More, number of, dependent, people, , 2.1 (A) 1971, , 2.2 (A) 1921, , 2.3 (A) A, downward trend, of crude birth, rate, , 2.4(B) Gives an, overview of the, total population, growth in a, particular, decade, , 2.5-(C) 23.85 %, , 3. - c. Both the, statements are, true, and, statement, II, presents, the, valid cause for, statement I, , 4.c. Andaman &, Nicobar Highest, population, density among, all, the union, territories, , 5., c. 6 c. Jain and 7 Ans. (a), Maharashtra and Buddhist, 3 4 2 1, Bihar, , 8 Ans. (b), , 9.1 r -(B), , 10.1 (B) 39.8, percent, , 10.2- (B), , 9.2-(D) Both A, and B, , 10.3- (B), , 38, , 9.3– A, , 10.4- (C), , 9.4 (C) to bring, parity in the, male-female, status

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Chapter 2 Migration: Types, Causes and Consequences, , 1.Study the graph given below and answer any three Questions:, , (1) In Intra-state migration, which gender has the highest rate of migration and in, which direction?, (a)Male from rural to Urban, (b)Female from Urban to rural, (c)Male from Urban to Urban, (d) Female from Rural to Rural, (2) In Inter-state migration, which gender has the highest rate of migration and in, which direction?, A. Male from rural to Urban, B. Female from Urban to rural, C. Male from Urban to Urban, D. Female from Rural to Rural, (3) In which form of migration seems to equal amongst male and female?, A. Rural to Rural, B. Urban to Rural, C. Urban to Urban, D. Rural to Urban, Ans: Urban to rural, (4) Which one of the following is the main reason for male migration in India?, A. Business, B. Education, C. Work and employment, D. Marriage, 2.Study the graph given below and answer the following Questions:, , 39

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1) Which one of the following is the main reason for female migration in India?, A. Business, B. Education, C. Work and employment, D. Marriage, (2) Which one of the following is the main reason for male migration in India?, A. Business, B. Education, C. Work and employment, D. Marriage, (3) Which component is responsible for minimum female migration?, A.Business, B. Lack of education, C.Work and employment, D.Marriage, (4) Which component is responsible for minimum male migration?, A. Business, B. Education, C. Work and employment, D. Marriage, Case study-based questions, 3.Read the paragraph carefully and give the answers for any three questionsDuring colonial period (British period) millions of the indentured labourers were sent to, Mauritius, Caribbean islands (Trinidad, Tobago and Guyana), Fiji and South Africa by, British from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar; to Reunion Island, Guadeloupe, Martinique and, Surinam by French and Dutch and by Portuguese from Goa, Daman and Diu to Angola,, Mozambique to work as plantation workers. All such migrations were covered under the, time-bound contract known as Girmit Act (Indian Emigration Act). However, the living, conditions of these indentured labourers were not better than the slaves. The second wave of, migrants ventured out into the neighboring countries in recent times as professionals, artisans,, traders and factory workers, in search of economic opportunities to Thailand, Malaysia,, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei and African countries, etc. and the trend still continues. There, was a steady outflow of India’s semi-skilled and skilled labour in the wake of the oil boom in, West Asia in the 1970s. There was also some outflow of entrepreneurs, storeowners,, professionals, businessmen to Western Countries. Third wave, of migrant was comprised, 40

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professionals like doctors, engineers (1960s onwards), software engineers, management, consultants, financial experts, media persons (1980s onwards), and others migrated to, countries such as USA, Canada, UK, Australia, New Zealand and Germany, etc. These, professionals enjoy the distinction of being one of highly educated, the highest earning and, prospering groups. After liberalization, in the 90s education and knowledge–based Indian, emigration has made Indian Diaspora one of the most powerful diasporas in the world. In all, these countries, Indian diaspora has been playing an important role in the development of the, respective countries., 1. During the colonial period indentured labourers were sent to Reunion Island,, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Surinam by(A) British, (B) French and Dutch, (C) Portuguese, (D) American, 2. what was the main cause behind a steady outflow of India’s semi-skilled and skilled, labour to west Asia in 1970s?, (A) Demand for IT sector, (B) development of manufacturing industries, (C) oil boom in West Asia in the 1970s, (D) none of the above, 3. During the third wave of migration, migrants migrated to(A) USA, Canada, UK, (B) Australia, New Zealand and Germany, (C) Both A and B, (D) None of the above, 4.After liberalization, in the 90s, why Indian diaspora is identified as most powerful, diasporas in the world?, (A) Education and knowledge–based Indian emigration, (B) Expert in labor intensive activities, (C) Both A and B, (D) Only A, , 4.Read the paragraph carefully and give the answers for any three questionsMigrants act as agents of social change. The new ideas related to new technologies, family, planning, girl’s education, etc. get diffused from urban to rural areas through them. Migration, leads to intermixing of people from diverse cultures. It has positive contribution such as, evolution of composite culture and breaking through the narrow considerations and widens, up the mental horizon of the people at large. But it also has serious negative consequences, such as anonymity, which creates social vacuum and sense of dejection among individuals., Continued feeling of dejection may motivate people to fall in the trap of anti-social activities, like crime and drug abuse., 1. Which type of consequences are discussed in the above paragraph?, 41

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(A) Environmental, (B) Social, (C) Demographic, (D) Economic, 2. Which one of the following is not a positive social consequence of migration?, (A) to intermixing of people from diverse cultures, (B evolution of composite culture, (C) widens up the mental horizon of the people at large, (D) feeling of dejection, 3. Migrant’s act as agents of social change. Why?, (A) The new ideas related to new technologies get diffused from urban to rural areas through, them, (B) The new ideas related to family planning, get diffused from urban to rural areas through, them, (C) The new ideas related to girl’s education get diffused from urban to rural areas through, them, (D) All the above, 4. Migrants easily fall in the trap of anti-social activities like crime and drug abuse., Why?, (A) Because of intermixing of people from diverse cultures, (B Bad behavior of local people, (C) Lack of basic amenities, (D) Continued feeling of dejection, 5. Which of the following pairs is not matched correctly?, TYPES OF CONSEQUENCES, EFFECTS OF MIGRATION, a. Demographic consequences, - Serious imbalances in age and sex composition, b. social consequences, - Social vacuum and sense of dejection, c. Economic consequences, - Drug abuse, d. Environmental consequences, - Formation of slums shanty colonies, 6.Read and consider the following paragraphs and choose the correct option from the, given options accordingly, “Subbulakshmi belongs to fisherman community from coast of Tamil Nadu. The devastative, tsunami has swept away all the family members except her two children. Till than she lives in, a slum of Chennai and growing her children. She works in Chennai as a domestic servant and, her children go to school. However, she misses her place but she would not go back. She still, afraid of giant waves of Tsunami. Now she has to safeguard her children”., 1.Which of the following cause is responsible for the migration of Subbulakshmi from, her village to Chennai?, a. Fear of natural disaster, 42

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b. Lack of employment opportunities in the village, c. Problem of upbringing and education of children, d. None of the above, 7.Which of the following statement is not relevant in reference to migration?, a. The amount of remittance sent by the internal migrants plays an important role in the, growth of economy of the source area., b. Migration leads to the re-distribution of the population within a country, c. Migration leads to intermixing of people from diverse culture, d. Migration leads to good marriages., 8 Which one of the following Urban Agglomeration (UA) has the highest share inmigrant population?, (A) Mumbai UA, (B) Delhi UA, (C) Bengaluru UA, (D) Chennai UA, 9 Which states of India receives maximum amount of remittances from migrators?, (A) Kerala, (B) Punjab, (C) Haryana, (D) Bihar, 10. Which of the following pairs is not matched correctly?, TYPES OF CONSEQUENCES EFFECTS OF MIGRATION, a. Demographic consequences - Serious imbalances in age and sex composition, b. Social consequences - Social vacuum and sense of dejection, c. Economic consequences - Drug abuse, d. Environmental consequences - Formation of slums shanty colonies, 11. Read and consider the following paragraph and choose the correct answer of the, question that follows, “Prakash is the resident of a small town near Mumbai. He has done graduation in science, from there. Now he is migrated to Mumbai for higher studies. He is doing part time job along, with studies to run his livelihood. He likes Mumbai because he thinks that he will get high, salary as well as opportunities to go abroad”., 1.Which of the following factors is responsible for the willingly migration of Prakash to, Mumbai, a. Opportunities of higher education, b. High salary and better employment opportunities, c. Sources of recreation, d. Only (a) and (b), 43

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2. Which of the following is not a problem of migration to urban areas?, (a) Congestion, (b)Development of slums, (c) Development of inferior colonies, (d) Reduction in life expectancy, , ANSWER KEY CH -2 MIGRATION, 1.1 D, 2.2 C, 3.3 C, 4.4 D, 9A, , 1.2 A, 2.3 C, 3.4 D, 5C, 10 C, , 1.3 B, 2.4 D, 4.1 B, 6.1 A, 11.1 D, , 44, , 1.4 C, 3.1 B, 4.2 D, 7. D, 11.2 D, , 2.1 D, 3.2 C, 4.3 D, 8A

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CH-4 HUMAN SETTLEMENT, (A), In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion(A), and Reason(R). Read the statements and chose the correct option., 1.Assertion(A):Settlements can be of various types., Reason(R):various physical factors affect the growth of settlement., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 2.Assertion(A):When cities grow, their functions also grow., Reason (R): Cities can have only one function., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 3 Assertion(A):Cities can have various function., Reason(R):State and nation capital provide various administrative services., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 4. Assertion (A): Hamleted settlement is fragmented into several units, physically, separated from each other., Reason(R): this segmentation of a large village is often motivated by social and ethnic, factors., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., , 45

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5.Assertion(A):There are number of towns in India having historical background, spanning over 2000 years., Reason(R):These towns have been developed by Britishers and European., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 6 .Assertion(A):After independence, a large number of towns have been developed as, administrative headquarters., Reason(R):Varanasi, Jharia, Ambala, Rohtak, are best example of administrative, headquarters., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 7.Assertion(A):A village may have only one or two general stores., Reason(R):Village is known as low order service settlement., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 8. Assertion(A):Cities act as nodes of economic growth., Reason(R):It provides Goods and services only to urban dwellers., (a)Only Assertion is correct., (b)Only Reason is correct., (c)Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d)Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 9 .Assertion(A):The rural settlement depend upon primary activities for their economic, needs., Reason(R): Urban settlement depends upon processing of raw material and, manufacturing of goods., 46

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(a)Only Assertion is correct., (b)Only Reason is correct., (c)Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d)Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 10 .Assertion(A):Rural people are less mobile., Reason(R): .In rural area, way of life is complex and fast and social relations are, formal., (a)Only Assertion is correct., (b)Only Reason is correct., (c)Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d)Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 11 .Assertion(A):Population is more than one lakh is called city., Reason(R):Population is less than one lakh is called town., (a)Only Assertion is correct., (b)Only Reason is correct., (c)Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d)Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 12.Assertion(A):Smart cities mission promotes cities that provide clean and sustainable, environment and decent quality of life., Reason(R): making areas less vulnerable to disaster and using fewer resources., (a)Only Assertion is correct., (b)Only Reason is correct., (c)Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d)Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., 13 Assertion(A):Ancient towns are developed as a religious and cultural towns., Reason(R):They are the headquarters of kingdoms., (a)Only Assertion is correct., (b)Only Reason is correct., (c)Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d)Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., , 47

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14Assertion(A):Settlement is cluster of dwelling of any type and size where human, beings live., Reason(R):They may be small and large closed or spaced., (a), Only Assertion is correct., (b), Only Reason is correct., (c), Both Assertion and Reason is correct and Reason is correct explanation of, Assertion., (d), Both Assertion and Reason correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of, Assertion., , B.CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS:, 15.Read the paragraph and chose the correct answers. (1x5 = 5) marks, Different types of human settlements include Panna, Para, Villages, small town, big cities, all, remote places, towns and groups of towns. In some system human settlement are divided into, rural and urban settlement on the basis of vary in size and type, economic character and, social structure of settlements changes. Settlement could be small and sparsely spaced: they, may also be large and closely spaced., In small settlements, such as Padas and villages, access to low population and service is, limited. Large settlements, such as cities, have higher population, higher densities and greater, access to service, for example, a village may have only one or two general stores, while a, large metropolis may have specialized store. These differences are known as low order, service settlement and high order service settlement. The functions of human habitation are, also different, specialising in agriculture, fishing, mining and other primary activities. On the, other hand, urban settlement is specialising in secondary and tertiary activities., 1.Which human settlements are mentioned in the given passage?, (a), (b), (c), (d), , Village, Small towns, Big cities, All of the above, , 2 .Urban and Rural areas are classified on the basis of what?, (a), (b), (c), (d), , Economic activities and social characters, Landscape, Pollution, None of the above, , 3 .What type of activities are done in Rural areas?, (a)Primary activity, (b)Secondary activity, 48

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(c)Tertiary and quaternary activity, (d)All of the above, 4.Which one of the following is low order service?, (a)Less population, (b)Low density, (c)Lesser access to services, (d)All of the above, 5.Which type of activities are done in urban areas?, (a)Primary activities, (b)Secondary and tertiary activities, (c)Low order services, (d)None of these, (C), CASE BASED QUESTIONS:, 16.Read the paragraph and choose the correct answers., Census of India classifies urban centres into six classes. Urban Centre with a population of, more than one lakh is called a city or class I town. Cities Accommodating population size, between one to five million are called metropolitan cities and more than five million are, mega cities. Majority Of metropolitan and mega cities are urban agglomerations. An urban, agglomeration may consist of any one of the following three combinations:, (i), A town and its adjoining urban outgrowths,, (ii), Two or more contiguous towns with or without their outgrowths., (iii) A city and one or more adjoining towns with their outgrowths together forming a, contiguous spread. Examples of urban outgrowth are railway colonies, university campus,, port area, military cantonment, etc. located within the revenue limits of a village or villages, Contiguous to the town or city. More than60 percent of urban population in India lives in, Class I towns. Out of 423 cities, 35 cities/urban agglomerations are metropolitan cities. Six, of them are mega cities with a population over five million each. More than one-fifth (21.0%), of urban population lives in these mega cities. Among them, Greater Mumbai is the largest, agglomeration with 16.4 million people. Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai, Bangalore and Hyderabad, are other mega cities in the country., 1.What is the population size of class I town or city?, (a), 5000 – 9999, (b), 10000 – 19999, (c), 100000 & more, (d), Less than 5000, 2.Which of the following is Mega city?, (a) Delhi, (b), Mumbai, 49

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(c), (d), , Bengaluru, All of the above, , 3.Urbanization is expressed in terms of ……………?, (a), Absolute number, (b), Ratio, (c), Percentage, (d), None of these, 4.The population size of Metropolitan city is?, (a), Less than one million, (b), 1 – 5 million, (c), More than five million, (d), None of these, 5.What is the total number of cities having population one lakh and above?, (a), 523, (b), 423, (c), 260, (d), 623, (D), CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS:, 17.Read the paragraph and chose the correct answers., Towns flourished since prehistoric times in India. Even at the time of Indus valley, civilisation, towns like Harappa and Mohenjo Daro were in existence. The following period, has witnessed the evolution of towns. It continued with periodic ups and downs until the, arrival of Europeans in India in the eighteenth century. On the basis of their evolution in, different periods, Indian towns may be classified as:, Ancient towns, Medieval towns & modern Towns., Ancient Towns:, There are a number of towns in India having historical background, spanning over 2000 years. Most of them developed as religious and cultural centres. Varanasi, is one of the important towns among these. Prayag (Allahabad), Pataliputra (Patna), Madurai, are some other examples of ancient towns in the country., Medieval Towns:, About 100 of the existing towns have their roots in the medieval, period. Most of them developed as headquarters of principalities and kingdoms. These are, fort towns which came upon the ruins of ancient towns. Important among them are Delhi,, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Lucknow, Agra and Nagpur., Modern Towns:, The British and other Europeans have developed a number of towns in, India. Starting their foothold on coastal locations, they first developed some trading ports, such as Surat, Daman, Goa, Pondicherry, etc. The British later consolidated their hold around, three principal nodes – Mumbai (Bombay),Chennai (Madras), and Kolkata (Calcutta) –and, built them in the British style., 1.Towns are classified on the basis of evolution as:, (a), Ancient Towns, (b), Modern Towns, 50

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(c), (d), , Medieval Towns, All of the above, , 2.Which of the following is Medieval towns:, (a), Agra, (b), Varanasi, (c), Jamshedpur, (d), Chandigarh, 3.Which of the following is not a ancient town:, (a), Prayag, (b), Pataliputra, (c), Madurai, (d), Hyderabad, 4.In which of the valley were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro towns located:, (a), Ganga, (b), Narmada, (c), Indus, (d), Brahmaputra, 5.In which of the following regions has the oldest well documented urban settlement, found?, (a), Huang He valley, (b), Indus valley, (c), Nile valley, (d), Mesopotamia, (E), CASE BASED QUESTIONS:, 18. Read the paragraph and chose the correct answers., 1Apart from their role as central or nodal places, many towns and cities perform specialised, services. Some towns and cities specialise in certain functions and they are known for some, specific activities, products or services. However, each town performs a number of functions., On the basis of dominant or specialised functions, Indian cities and towns can be broadly, classified as follows:, Administrative towns and cities Towns supporting administrative headquarters of higher, order are administrative towns, such as Chandigarh, New Delhi, Bhopal, Shillong, Guwahati,, Imphal, Srinagar, Gandhinagar, Jaipur Chennai, etc., Industrial towns: Industries constitute prime motive force of these cities such as Mumbai,, Salem, Coimbatore, Modinagar, Jamshedpur, Hugli, Bhilai, etc., Transport Cities They may be ports primarily engaged in export and import activities such as, Kandla, Kochchi, Kozhikode, Vishakhapatnam, etc. or hubs of inland transport such as Agra,, Dhulia, Mughal Sarai, Itarsi, Katni, etc., 51

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Commercial towns: Towns and cities specialising in trade and commerce are kept in this, class. Kolkata, Saharanpur, Satna, etc. are some examples., Mining towns: These towns have developed in mineral rich areas such as Raniganj, Jharia,, Digboi, Ankaleshwar, Singrauli, etc. Garrisson Cantonment towns These towns emerged as, Garrison towns such as Ambala, Jalandhar, Mhow, Babina, Udampur etc., 1.Which of the following is an administrative town?, (a), Varanasi, (b), Surat, (c), Gandhinagar, (d), Rohtak, 2.Which of the following is garrison town?, (a), Udhampur, (b), Jharia, (c), Kolkata, (d), Varanasi, 3.Which of following is an educational towns?, (a), Varanasi, (b), Aligarh, (c), Pilani, (d), All of the above, 4.Which of the following is a functional classification of an urban settlement?, (a), Administration towns, (b), Industrial towns, (c), Mining towns, (d), All of the above, 5.Which of the following is a mining town?, (a), Jharia, (b), Satna, (c), Srinagar, (d), Aligarh, , 52

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ANSWER KEY CH-4 HUMAN SETTLEMENT, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., 10., 11., 12., 13., 14., , (c), (a), (c), (c), (d), (a), (c), (a), (d), (a), (c), (c), (a), (c), , (B) Case study 15.1 D, 15.2 A, 15.3.A, 15.4.C, 15.5.B, , (C)Case Study, 16.1.C, 16.2.D, 16.3.C, 16.4 C, 16.5 B, , 53, , (D)Case Study:, 17.1.D, 17.2.A, 17.3. D, 17.4.C, 17.5.B, , (E), Case based, questions:, 18.1.C, 18.2.A, 18.3.D, 18.4.D, 18.5. A

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CH -6 WATER RESOURCES, Q.No.1: Assertion (A): The ground water utilization is relatively high in the river basins, lying in, the north western region and parts of south India., Reason (R): This is due to deficiency of rainfall., A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C) A is true but R is false, D) A is false but R is true., , 2. Assertion (A): The concentration of Arsenic in parts of West Bengal and Bihar has, increased., Reason (R): This is due to over use of ground water resources has led to decline in, ground water., A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C) A is true but R is false, D) A is false but R is true., 3. Assertion (A): The concentration of pollutants in rivers especially remains high, during summer season when the flow of water is less., Reason(R): This is because of heavy rainfall in summer and excess evaporation., A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C) A is true but R is false, D) A is false but R is true., 4. Assertion (A): Water shed management refers to efficient management and, conservation of surface and ground water resources., Reason(R): This is done by prevention of runoff and storage and recharge of ground, water., , A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C) A is true but R is false, D) A is false but R is true., 54

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5. Assertion (A): The states like Kerala, Orissa and West Bengal have vast surface water, resources in lagoons and lakes., Reason(R): It is used for fishing and irrigating certain varieties of paddy crops,, coconut etc,,, A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C) A is true but R is false, D) A is false but R is true., , 6. Assertion (A): The Ganga and Yamuna are the two highly polluted rivers in the, country., Reason (R): It is due to addition of foreign substances, microscopic organisms,, chemicals, industrial and other wastes., A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A, C) A is true but R is false, D) A is false but R is true., 7. Identify the sector that consumes the highest amount of water in India., A) Industry, B) Agriculture, C) Domestic., D) None of the above., 8. In which year, Government of India has launched “Jal Kranthi Abhiyan”?, A) 2011-12, B) 2013-14, C) 2015-16, D) 2017-18, 9. Neeru-- Meeru programme belongs to which State?, A) Gujarat., B) Rajasthan., C) Punjab., 55

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D) Andhra Pradesh, 10. Haryali programme is related to development of -A) Forest cover, B) Watershed development, C) Soil conservation, D) Food grain production., 11. Which one the following rivers have the highest replenishable ground water, resources in the Country., A) The Indus, B) The Brahmaputra., C) The Ganga, D) The Godavari, 12. Which method is not related to rainwater harvesting?, A) Green Belt, B) Check Dam., C) Recharge wells, D) Eris, 13. Which part of the river has good quality of water?, A) Mountain, B) Plain., C) Delta., D) Valley., 14. Environment protection act was implemented in----A) 1974, B) 1986, C) 1988, D) 1997, 15. What is the negative impact of intensive irrigation in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh?, A) Increasing salinity in the soil, B) Increasing soil erosion, 56

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C) Soil become alkaline, D) Decreasing of soil fertility, 16. Consider the following and choose the correct answers from the given options,, I. Over withdrawals of ground water in Rajasthan and Maharastra increased fluoride, Concentration., II. This practice has led to increase in concentration of Arsenic in parts of west Bengal and, Bihar., Options: A) Only statement I is correct, B) Only statement II is correct, C) Both I&II are correct., D) Both the statements are wrong., 17. Consider and evaluate the following statements and choose the correct answer from, the given, Options., Options: I The availability of usable water is limiting day by day., II The available water resources is getting polluted due to increase in population,, Industrial, agricultural and domestic effluents., A) Only statement II is correct, B) Both are correct, statement II correctly explains statement I, C) Both are correct but not related to each other, D) Both are wrong., 18. Which of the following is not the benefit of Rainwater harvesting?, A) It increases water availability, B) It checks the declining ground water, C) It improves the quality of ground water through dilution of contaminants like, Fluoride and nitrates., D) Helpful in the production of hydroelectricity, 19. Read the note on outsourcing given below and the answer the questions that follow, Ralegan Siddhi is a small village in the district of Ahmednagar, Maharastra. It has become an, example for watershed development throughout the country. In 1975 this village was caught, in a web of poverty and illicit liquor trade. The transformation took place when a retired army, personnel, settled down in the village and took up the task of water development. He, 57

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convinced villagers about the importance of family planning and voluntary labour; preventing, open grazing, felling trees and liquor prohibition. Voluntary labour was necessary to ensure, minimum dependence on the government for financial aids. “It socialised the costs of the, projects.”, explained the activist. Even those who were working outside the village, contributed to the development by committing a month’s salary every year. Work began with, the percolation tank constructed in the village. In 1975 the tank could not hold water. The, embankment wall leaked. People voluntarily repaired the embankment. The seven wells, below it swelled with water in summer for the first time in the living memory of the people., The people reposed their faith in him and his visions., A youth group called Tarun Mandal was formed. The group worked to ban the dowry system,, caste discrimination and untouchability. Liquor distilling units were removed and prohibition, imposed. Open grazing was completely banned with a new emphasis on stall feeding. The, cultivation of water intensive crops like sugarcane was banned. Crops such as pulses, oilseeds, and certain cashcrops with low water requirements were encouraged. All elections to local, bodies began to be held on the basis of consensus. “it made community leaders complete, representatives of the people.”. a system of Nyay panchayats (informal courts) were also, setup. Since then, no case has been referred to the police. A Rs. 22 lakh school building was, constructed using only the resources of the village. No donations were taken. Money if, needed was borrowed and paid back. The villagers took pride in this self reliance. A new, system of sharing labour grew out of this infusion of pride and voluntary spirit. People, volunteered to help each other in agricultural operation. Landless labourers also gained, employment. Today the village plans to buy land for them in adjoining villages. At present, water is adequate; agriculture flourishing, though the use of fertilizers and pesticides is very, high. The prosperity also brings the question of ability of the present generation to carry on, the work after the leader of the movement who declared that,”Then process of Ralegan’s, evolution to an ideal village will not stop. With changing times, people tend to evolve new, ways. In future, Ralegan might present a different model to the country., Answer any three questions:, (i), , In which state is Ralegan Siddhi situated?, (A) Tamil Nadu, , (ii), , (B) Andhra Pradesh (C) Maharastra (D) Arunachal Pradesh, , What happened to the embankment wall I 1975?, (A) Fell down (B) Leaked, , (iii), , (D) destroyed by terrorists., , What was given to the youth group formed?, (A) Youth ekta, , (iv), , (C) Held steady, , (B) Yuva Mandal, , (C) Tarun Mandal (D) Students to soldiers, , How much donation was arranged to construct school building?, (A) Nil, , (B) Rs.10 lakhs, , (C) Rs. 20 lakhs, , (D) Rs.22 lakhs, , 20. Which of the following programme has been launched by union government for the, cleaning of river Ganga?, , 58

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A) Ganga action plan, (B) Namami Ganga, (C) Ganga namami Action plan, (D) Ganga cleaning mission, 21. The river basin which makes the minimum utilization of ground water is:, (A) Gomti, , (B) Luni, , (C) Subarnarekha, , (D) Mahanadi, , ANSWER KEY Ch-6 WATER RESOURCES ., 1. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A, 2. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 3. B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A., 4. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 5. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 6. A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A., 7. A. Industry., 8. C. 2015-16, 9. D. Andhra Pradesh, 10. B. Watershed Management, 11. C. The Ganga., 12. D. Eris., 13. A. Mountain, 14. B. 1986, 15. A. Increasing salinity in the soil, 16. C. Both I&II are correct., 17. B. Both are correct, statement II correctly explains statement I, 18. D. Helpful in the production of Hydroelectricity, 19. 1. C. Maharashtra., 2. B. Leaked., 3. C Tarun Mandal., 4 22 laks., 20. B. Namami Ganga., 21. B. Luni., -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------, , 59

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MAP WORK, 1.Identify the Six geographical features shown on the given political outline map of the, World as A, B, C, D E and F and choose the correct option, , (A.)A largest country of Africa, (a)Algeria (b) China, (c ) Brazil, (d) Sudan, (B)A Largest country of South America, ( a) Russia, (b)Argentina, (c) Uruguay (d) Brazil, (C )A Largest country of North America, ( a) China, (b)U.S.A, (c) Canada, (d)Maxico, (D) A Largest country of Australia, ( a) Russia, (b)Australia, (c) Uruguay, (d) Newzealand, (E ) A Largest country of Asia, ( a) Russia, (b)China, (c) India, (d) Indonesia, (F )A Largest country of Europe, ( a)U K, (b)Germany, (c) Russia, (d) Brazil, , 2.Identify the five geographical features shown on the given political outline map of the, World as A, B, C, D E and F and choose the correct option, 60

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(A)An important area of Subsistence Gathering, (a) Northern Canada, (b) Norther Eurasia, (c) Amazon Basin, (d) The Pampas of Argentina, (B) An important area of nomadic herding, (a)The Tundra region of Eurasia, (b)South West Africa, (c)North Africa, (d)Mangolia, (C) An area of Extensive Commercial Grain Farming, (a)Eurasian Steppes, (b)The Canadian Prairies, (c)Eastern N America, (d)The Australian Downs, (D)An area of Mixed Farming, (a)Eastern N.America, 61

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(b) North Western Europe, (c)Northern Eurasia, (d)Veld, (E) An area of Mediterranean Agriculture, (a)South Western Australia, (b)South Africa, (c)Southern California, (d)Tunisia, 3..Identify the five geographical features shown on the given political outline map of the, World as A, B, C, D E and F and choose the correct option, , (A) An important area of Subsistence Gathering, a) Northern Canada, (b) Tropical Africa, (c) Amazon Basin, (d) South East Asia, (B) An important area of nomadic herding, (a)The Tundra region of Eurasia, (b)South West Africa, (c)Northern Canada, (d)Mangolia, (C) An area of Extensive Commercial Grain Farming, 62

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(a)Eurasian Steppes, (b)The Canadian Prairies, (c)The Pumpas of Argentina, (d)The Australian Downs, (D)An area of Mixed Farming, a)Eastern N.America, (b) North Western N America, (c)Northern Eurasia, (d)Veld, (E) An area of Mediterranean Agriculture, (a)South Western Australia, (b)South Africa, (c) California in USA, (d) Central Chile, 4..Identify the five geographical features shown on the given political outline map of the, World as A, B, C, D E and F and choose the correct option, , (A) An important area of Subsistence Gathering, a) Northern Canada, (b) Tropical Africa, (c) Northern Eurasia, (d) South East Asia, 63

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(B) An important area of nomadic herding, (a)The Tundra region of Eurasia, (b)South West Africa, (c)Central Africa, (d) Northern Africa, (C) An area of Extensive Commercial Grain Farming, (a)Eurasian Steppes, (b)The Canadian Prairies, (c)The Pumpas of Argentina, (d)The Australian Downs, (D) An area of Mediterranean Agriculture, (a)South Western Australia, (b)North Africa and South European countries, (c) California in USA, (d) Central Chile, (E) An area of Mediterranean Agriculture, (a)South Western Australia, (b)South Africa, (c) California in USA, (d) Central Chile, , 64

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5..Identify the five geographical features shown on the given political outline map of the, World as A, B, C, D E and F and choose the correct option, , (A) An important area of Subsistence Gathering, a) Northern Eurasia, (b) Tropical Africa, (c) Northern Canada, (d) South East Asia, (B) An important area of nomadic herding, (a)The Tundra region of Eurasia, (b)Arabian Peninsula till Mangolia, (c)Central Russia, (d) Northern Africa, (C) An area of Extensive Commercial Grain Farming, (a)Veld of South Africa, (b)The Canadian Prairies, (c)The Pumpas of Argentina, (d)The Australian Downs, (D)An area of Mixed Farming, a)Eastern N.America, (b) North Western N America, , 65

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(c)Parts of Eurasia, (d)The Canterbury plain, (E) An area of Commercial livestock Rearing, (a)New Zealand, (b) Australia, (c) Argentina, (d)U S A, 6..Identify the five geographical features shown on the given political outline map of the, World as A, B, C, D E and F and choose the correct option, , (A) ACountry has highest HDI rank in the world, (a) Niger, (b) Latvia, (c) Norway, (d)Finland, (B)Acountry has lowest HDI rank in the world, (a) Niger, (b) Nigeria, (c) Norway, (d)Sweden, (C) An important area of Subsistence Gathering, (a) Northern Canada, (b) Norther Eurasia, 66