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yr TERMS AN, pont” ree Resouree> which, nel amount Coal,, — i power!, , ~ atu! gos and nucleat, jonal resources, , = els which are derived from, , e, , ee : js under © d rocks, er foss", , # and pressure, , s Blectric!, with the force 0, rf stations., , of, #, he stratific!, , ty generated by, , awe, f water, , nya OT es, ae cted 10 electric powe, , ycent EXERCISES, , q choose the ft answers, tea the give” options., , one of the followin:, oil field located?, , (b) Bihar, (d) Tamil Nadu, , , , of the following, , g states, , ams (2), (@ At which one of the following places, , was the first atomic power station, started?, , (a) Kalpakkai, , (b) Narora, , (c) Rana Pratap Sagar, , (d) Tarapur, Ams. (d), , ai, — one of the following minerals, known as brown diamond?, , ae (b) Lignite, Ans. (6) Manganese (d) Mica, , ivy Which, one of the following is nonSource of energy?, , (b) Solar, (d) Wind power, , p CONCEPTS, , « Mumbai High., , « Nuclear power, , «© Off-Shore drillin, , Mineral and Energy Resources 39, , Mumbai high is the off-shore, , oil field, 176 km apart from Mumbai into the, , Arabian sea, Energy generated by splitting, , atoms, g. Digging deep bores, , o bed of shallow seas near the coast for, extracting mineral oil is called off-shore, drilling. Mumbai High is the off-shore, drilling station in the Arabian sea., , « Thermal power. Power obtained by burning, , coal, petroleum and natural gas., , int, , 2. Answer the following questions in about, , 30 words., (j Give an account 0, mica in India., , f the distribution of, , What is nuclear power? Mention the, , (ii), important nuclear power stations in, India., , (iii) Name non-ferrous metal. Discuss their, spatial distribution., , (iv) What are non-conventional sources, of energy?, , ‘Ans. (i) Micais one of the important non-metallic, , mineral and mainly used as an insulator., India is the second largest producer of, mica in the world. It is widely distributed, , in the following states «, Nellore in Andhra Pradesh., , Gaya and Munger in Bihar., Jaipur, Bhilwara and Udaipur in, Rajasthan., , Mysore and Hasan districts of, Karnataka., © Coimbatore, Triuchirapalli, Madurai, , and Kanniyakumari in Tamil Nadu.

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ns., , 60 Aagecher with ® Geography —12, , (“) Nuclear power is the use of nuclear, reactions that release nuclear energy, to generate electricity, India has, vast deposites of thorium. The gross, electricity produced from nuclear plants, ts 2720 MW per year, which is little less, than 4 per cent of the total production, of energy. The major nuclear power, Stations in India are as follows :, , © Tarapur Maharashtra, © Rawatbhata Rajasthan, © Narora Uttar Pradesh, . Kalpakkam Tamil Nadu, © Kaiga Karnataka, * Kakrapara Gujarat, , (a) Out of syllabus, , (iv "he a, ) The non-conventional sources of energy, , are inexhaustable in nature. These, resources are environment friendly., These non-conventional energy sources, are more equitably distributed and will, Provide more sustained, cheaper energy, after the initial cost is taken care of., The non-conventional sources of energy, cov er biogas, biomass, solar energy,, wind energy, geothermal energy and, tidal energy. The non-conventional, energy potential of India is estimated, about 95,000 mw., , . Answer the following questions in about, , 150 words., , (4) Write a detailed note on the Petroleum, , resources in India., , (4) Write an essay on hydel power in, India., , (i) Petroleum is one of the most important, source of power in the modern era., Petroleum and petroleum products are, used for variety of purposes such ., power, lubricants and as a raw =a, for manufacturing synthetic ee, and chemicals are are | oe, chemical industries. The tota, , of the hydrocarbons are stim,, GSI at 17 billion tonnes, of lea by, 1 x, per cent have been establisheg ie 75, In 1886, for the first time fo, Explor ar, " a acieee tion, of petroleum wells were drilled in a. ian, The distribution pattern of (Petrotey,, , 1 n, major oil fields into four main rep mn), are:, , « North-Eastern region. Th). Major, oilfields of this region are Digboi, Naharkatiya, Moran., , ¢ Gujarat region. The importan,, oil fields of this region are, Ankaleshwar, Kalol, Mehsana., Sanand and Lunej. Oil also foung, on the Aliabet Island situateq, 45 Km west of Bhavnagar in, , Saurashtra., , ¢ Mumbai High. Located 176 km, apart from the Mumbai in the, Arabian sea, Mumbai High is an, off-shore field. It is one of the, , most important oil field of India., Bassein is another important, , oilfield located south of Mumbai, High. It produces nearly two-third, of the total oil production of India., , East-Coastal, , over J, , Jong,, , , , was erected in, the requirem

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- plants were also commissioned, jn Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh in, : the north and Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, in the South in 1930s. Total generation, capacity reached to 508 MW in 1947., Mass efforts were made to develop, waterpower during the five peat plans, and several multipurpose projects were, commissioned. The National HydroElectric Power Corporation (NHPC), , was set up in 1975., , SOLVED QUESTION BANK, , Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark], , 1. What are the two types of minerals?, ‘Ans. The two types of minerals are:, (a) Metallic minerals, (0) Non-metallic minerals, 2. Mention the different types of metallic, minerals., Ans. The two different types of metallic minerals, are:, (a) Ferrous metallic minerals, (b) Non-ferrous metallic minerals, 3. Where does the large reserves of coal, reserves found?, Ams. Over 97 per cent of coal reserves occur in, , the valleys of Damodar, Sone, Mahanadi and, Godavari., , 4N ;, Name two major types of iron are found, in India., , Ans, a, _— and Magnetite are the two types, Ton ore found in India., , a Which i, is the important raw ial ft, material f, Ans, *melting of iron ore? a, , > is the important raw material for, 2 Of iron ore,, , t Was the con,, , ~ —* in India?, .- 8 poor! i, Y endowed with non-ferrous, , dition of non-ferrous, , , , Ans., , Ans., , 9, , Ans., , 10., , Ans., , Ans., , 12;, Ans., , 13., , Ans., , 14,, , Ans., , —, , OT, The central water and, , estimated the potential, of hydro-electr, Power at about 40 million kw : 60 ine, , Cent load factors from these rivers,, , Th i, amen, , ie egime, volume, of water, regularity in river flow, nature of, terrain, availability of other sources of power,, level of economic development creating, demand and technological etc., are the factors, , favours the development of hydel power in, India., , Power commission, , . Name the ore used in manufacturing of, , aluminum., Bauxite is the ore of aluminum., , . Which is the largest producing state of, , bauxite in India?, , Odisha is the largest producing state of, bauxite in India., , Mention one use of copper., , Copper is used for making wires, electric, motors, transformers and generators., Which mineral is mainly used in the, electrical and electronic industries?, , Mica is used., , . Which type of coal deposit found largly, , in India?, , About 80 per cent of the coal deposits in, India is of bituminous type., , Name the largest coalfield in India., Jharia., , Why is petroleum referred to as liquid, gold?, , Petroleum is referred as liquid gold because, of its scarcity and diversified uses., , When did Oil and Natural Gas Commission, set up?, , Oil and Natural Gas Commission set up in, 1956.

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62, 2, Wether, cueee® Geography 6, , 1s. wy, enti, ton one example of fi, e, , Ans. Digbor owe refinery, "d-based ana, Baran ieee cele of field pe, refinery, example of ratke as, , 16. Wh based, , en did the Gas, ae ie Gas Authority of India set, , In 1984, » the Gas », . Gas Authority of India Was set, , 17. Ment,, Ans. oo ee ae, Was set up as ity OF India Limited (GAIL), transport es a Public sector undertaking to, Pa and marketing of natural gas., » In which year Atomic Energy Commission, Was established?, Ans. In 1948, Atomic Energy Commission was, Set up., 19. Mention the states of following nuclear, power stations., (@) Tarapur, (#7) Kakarapara, , (i) Narora, (iv) Rawatbhata, , Ans. (7) Tarapur — Maharashtra, (ii) Narora — _ Uttar Pradesh, (iii) Kakarapara — — Gujarat, (iv) Rawatbhata — Rajasthan, , 20. Which energy is more effective than coal, based plants and nuclear plants? How, , much?, Ans. Solar energy is 7 per cent more effective than, coal or oil based plants and 10 per cent more, effective than nuclear plant., , 21. Where does the large tidal waves occur in, India?, ns. Large tidal waves are known to occur along, the west coast of India., 2. Where does the Geothermal energy plant, commissioned?, . In India, Geothermal energy plant has been, commissioned at Manikaran is Himachal, Pradesh., , Mention an advantage of wind energy., Wind energy is absolutely pollution free and, inexhaustible source of energy., , , , , , 24. State any two uses of Manganese, Ans. ‘The uses of manganese are, , © itis used in manufacturing of war,, shells of the gun nk, , © For making hard sheet of stee), , © Itis also used in dyes, batteries, , , , 25. Write down the name of the 5, has the largest r, *Odisha’ has the largest reserves of manjear., in India., , te wh, hic, ves of mangane. ", , , , , , Ans., , 26. Which metal is obtained from bauxite,, Ans. Aluminium is the metal derived from bau, 27. Name four non-conventional sources, energy., Ans. The four non-conventional sources of ener, are : solar energy, wind energy, g, By, energy and tidal energy , of, , Sothermay, , 28. Name the four conventional sources {, energy. 7, Ans. The four conventional sources of ener,, ey, are: coal, petroleum, natural gas and muciee, ear, energy., 29. Write down the four types of coal,, Ans. The four types of coal are anthracit, a : agen Acie,, bituminous, lignite and peat, 30. What is lignite?, , Ans. Lignite is an inferior quality of coal cont, , i AINiNg,, high moisture and low carbon (less than 50, , per cent)., 31. Write down the name of minerals, which, are rich in India., Ans. India is rich in minerals such as iron-ore,, mica, manganese and bauxite., , 32. Write down the name of six nuclear power, plants of India., Ans. The six nuclear power plants are, , e Tarapur Maharashtra, , e Rawatbhata Rajasthan, , e Narora Uttar Pradesh, , ¢ Kalpakkam Tamil Nadu, , e Kaiga Karnataka, Gujarat, , e Kakrapara

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ion has undertaken, , “ <i), - and transportation of natural, , - Oil and Natural Gas, , (ONGC) was set up?, , Gas Commission’ (ONGC), has maximum oil refineries, down the name of these oil, , ‘maximum oil refineries. The, es are as follows :, , ain lignite producing region, , is the main lignite, , Ans., , 43., , Ans., , 44., Ans., , _, On, , Ans., , 46., , Ans., , 47., , Ans,, , like copper, zine, lead and gold., , , , , , Write down the oil-refineries of Uttar, Pradesh and Bihar., The oil refineries of these states are :, , ¢ Barauni — Bihar, , * Mathura — Uttar Pradesh, Why is aluminium said to be the substitute, of iron?, Aluminium is said to be the better substitute, of iron because :, , ¢ It is rust free., , © [tis light, lustrous and available in bulk., What do you mean by Mumbai High?, Mumbai High is an off-shore outfield that, lies on the Mumbai coast about 115 km from, the shore. It is India’s largest producer of, petroleum. It produces nearly two-third of, the total oil produced in the country., , . Write down the limitation of nuclear, , resources., The nuclear plants require huge amount, of water for cooling purpose, hence set up, near water-bodies. There is always a fear of, leakage., Name the type of coal, which has bulk, reserve in India,, Bituminous has bulk reserves of 80 per cent, in India,, Write down the name of the three mineral, belts of India., The three main mineral belts of India are, follows :, , ¢ The North-Eastern Plateau Region., , ¢ The South-Western Plateau Region., , ¢ The North-Western Region.