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UNIT I, HIS FIRST FLIGHT, Summary, ‘His First Flight’ is the story of a young seagull. He was afraid to fly . He thought his wings would not, support him. His family tried to encourage him. But they failed. So they left alone. After twenty four, hours, he became hungry. His mother came near him with a fish. He jumped out of the ledge to eat, the fish. But his mother flew away. Suddenly, he started to fly. He also learned to float in the sea. The, story gives the message about the importance of motivation and family support to be successful. The, crisis of the seagull was his lack of confidence. But he felt the need to fly as he became hungry. His, mother and the fish motivated him. Thus he was able to take his first flight., Write a paragraph on the importance of motivation in achieving success., There are many qualities that make a person successful.Motivation is one of the most important, factor among them. Some people are born great. They do not need any motivation from others. But, many of us lack the confidence in our own abilities. Such people need someone to motivate them to, find their true potential. Let’s take the example of the young seagull. His siblings needed only a little, encouragement from the parents. But the young bird thought his wings would not support him. So, had to be motivated continuously. In this story , his mother motivated him with a piece of fish., Similarly, there is a motivator behind most successful people., I WILL FLY, Summary, ‘I Will Fly’ is a speech by Dr A P J Abdul Kalam. In this speech he gives us the formula to become, successful. He says that the ignited mind of the youth is the most powerful resource. But most young, Indians lack confidence. AP J advises that we shouldn’t be nervous. We are born with wings to fly. So, we must fly. The society always asks us to be like others. But we should not imitate others.To become, successful,we should be unique. For this,we should identify and develop our talents and potential. We, should also work hard until we reach our goal., Write four points to substantiate that science empowers our nation.,  Scientific inventions help in developing the country’s health system,  The development in technology helps in the development of education.,  Technological development helps in strengthening national security.,  The development in communication and transport facilities unite the country., Imagine that you get a chance to interview APJ Abdul Kalam. Write four questions and their, possible answers., Q : Good morning sir. What is your opinion about the youth?, A : The youth can contribute a lot to the society. The ignited mind of the youth is the most powerful, resource on earth., Q : What is the drawback of Indian youth?, A : Most young Indians lack confidence. They do not have any idea about their potential., Q, A, , : How can we overcome this problem?, : You should be unique . You should identify and develop your talents and potential., , Q: What is your advice to the youth?, A : You are born with wings. You have to fly and reach the skies. Remember, if you wish upon a star,, anything your heart desires will come to you.

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Imagine that AP J Abdul Kalam visits your school. Prepare a script to welcome him., Ladies and Gentlemen,, Get ready to experience the most thrilling moments of your life. Coming on the stage to address you, is the greatest of Indians, the one and only Dr A P J Abdul Kalam. As you know Dr Kalam is an, inspiration to millions around the world. He enjoys talking with the young people and has agreed to, address you today. So prepare yourselves for an exciting speech. Friends, let me present before you, one of the finest men on earth, Dr A P J Abdul Kalam., Quest for a Theory of Everything., 1. Prepare a profile of Dr Stephen Hawking., Stephen Hawking is one of the greatest scientists of the 21st century. He is considered the supernova, of Physics. He was born on 8th January 1942. His parents were Frank and Isobel Hawking. He was, educated in St. Alban’s school, Cambridge and Oxford. At the age of 21, he contracted a disease called, ALS. But he continued his studies and research to become a noted scientist. In 1960 , he married Jane, Wilde. They had three children. In 1988, he published his first book ‘ A Brief History of Time’. This, book made him famous all over the world. In spite of disability,Hawking inspired many through his, speeches. He passed away in 2018., 2. Prepare an interview of Stephen Hawking, Q : Good morning. Can you tell me about your childhood?, A : My parents were not rich. I was schooled at St. Alban’s. I was an average student., Q: What made you study Physics?, A : I think Physics is the most precise science. I had a lot of doubts about the cosmos. I studied Physics, to get answers to them., Q: How did you get the courage to overcome your disease?, A : At first, I went into depression. But then I felt that I had many things to do before I died. So I, fought with my disease., Q: Can you describe your experiences in writing ‘ A Brief History of Time?, A : I started writing the book because I wanted to make science easy for all. But I fell ill and took 8, years to publish it. My students and family helped a lot in writing the book., 3. Write a paragraph about Jane’s role in Hawking’s life./ Write a character sketch of Jane Wilde., Hawking met Jane at a new year party and they became good friends. Hawking’s mental or physical, condition did not discourage Jane. She was a shy and serious person. She had great faith in God., She was also an optimist.She supported him while he was fighting his illness. They married in 1960., with her encouragement, he started writing ‘ A Brief History of Time.’ When he fell ill and the doctors, advised surgery, Jane agreed because she wanted him alive. Without Jane’s love and support,, Stephen Hawking wouldn’t have become a successful scientist., 4. Write a character sketch of Stephen Hawking., Stephen Hawking is one of the greatest and strongest persons ever lived. He was an average student., But with determination and hard work he became a great scientist. He was highly intelligent, witty,, energetic and adaptable. He had an untidy and arrogant appearance. But he was also a very, interesting person. He was very bold and brave. His disease could not defeat him. He did not let his, disabilities stop him from achieving his goal.Stephen Hawking is a role model for millions of young, people around the world., 5. Imagine that Stephen Hawking visits your school. Prepare a script to introduce him.

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Ladies and Gentlemen,, Get ready to experience the most thrilling moments of your life. Coming on the stage to address you, is the greatest of scientists, the one and only Stephen Hawking. As you know Mr. Hawking is an, inspiration to millions around the world. He enjoys talking with the young people and has agreed to, address you today. So prepare yourselves for an exciting speech. Friends, let me present before you, one of the finest men on earth, Stephen Hawking., IF, If is a didactic poem.It is written as a dialogue by a father to his son. The father is advising the son on, the qualities of a perfect man., Stanza I, The qualities mentioned in the first stanza are self control, self confidence, ability to stay calm,, patience, honesty and humility. The speaker asks the son to keep calm and cool even when others, lose self control. He should be confident. At the same time he should consider the opinions of others., He should be patient and honest. He should not hate others. He must also behave with humility., Stanza II, A perfect man should have a lot of dreams. But he should never let the dreams control him. He should, have thoughts. But his goal should not be limited to mere thoughts. He should treat success and, failure equally. The poet uses personification in these lines. He should bear when others tell lies about, you. When a perfect man faces failure, he works hard again till he achieves success., Stanza III, The successful man is always ready to take risks. If he loses in the gamble of life, he will start anew, and never worry about his loss. He forces his heart and nerves and tissues to work even when he is, tired from over work. His will power alone is enough to take him to success., Stanza IV, The perfect man mingles with all kinds of people. He walks with kings, but does not lose contact with, the common man. He interacts with common people, but never loses his virtue. His friends or, enemies do not have the power to hurt him. He considers all people equal and does not prefer, anyone too much. The successful man does not waste time. He works hard each and every minute., The speaker points out that if the son can develop all these qualities, he will be the perfect man and, the earth will be his., , 1. What is the central theme of the poem?, The theme of the poem is the qualities of a successful man., 2. What, according to the poem, are the two impostors in life?, According to the poet, the two impostors are Triumph and Disaster., 3. What, according to the poet, should be one’s attitude to unexpected, loss?, According to the poet one must not worry about unexpected loss. Instead, he should try, again and achieve success., 4. Identify the poetic forms, figurative language and poetic, structure., Language : The poet uses simple but ornate language., Rhyme scheme:, first stanza :AAAB CDCD, All other stanzas : ABABCDCD, Images : The poem has an abundance of images. Example, ‘knaves’, ‘stoop and build’, ‘heart, nerve,, sinew’, crowds, kings’.

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Figures of speech:, Metaphor : Worn out tools : our abilities and capacities are compared to worn out tools, Unforgiving minute : Time is portrayed as unforgiving minute., Personification :, Dreams personified as master, Triumph and Disaster personified as imposters., Will is portrayed as a person calling ‘hold on’., Minute is personified by characterizing it as ‘unforgiving’, Symbolism, :, Knaves symbolises the bad people, Heart, nerve and sinew symbolise our abilities, Crowds symbolise the common man, Kings symbolise the upper class people