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Section A, Theory, , , , TIE,, , INTELLIGENCE AND, APTITUDE, , , , , , , , , , = THAT MATTER, , « Individual differences refer to distinctiveness and variations among people’s characteristics, and behaviour patterns., « Approaches explaining individual differences in psychological functioning., 1. Trait Approach: Personal traits cause change in behaviours. [INTERNAL FACTORS], , ‘ _2-Situationism is a view which states that situations and circumstances in which one is, placed influence one’s behaviour. [EXTERNAL FACTORS], , 3. The situationist perspective views human behaviour relatively more as a result of, influence of external (situational) factors than personality traits. [INTERNAL], , 5 —, 1. Predict future behaviour-intervention to affect a change in behaviour., , 2. First step in understanding a psychological attribute., _7 Formal Assessment: Objective, standardized, organized—psychologists are trained in, making formal assessment. e :, ormal Assessment: It varies from case to case/one assessor to another—open to, subjective interpretation., « Attributes:, 1. Attributes chosen for assessment depend upon purpose, e.g., improvement of a weak, student intellectual strengths and weaknesses are measured., 2. An attribute will be said to exist in a person only ifit can be measured by using scientific, , procedures., , ee, , of Psychological Attributes, , , , Definition, , Provides a global measure of, general cognitive competence, including the ability to profit from, schooling., , Global capacity to understand the, world, think rationally, and use, available resources effectively, when faced with challenges., , individyal’ underlying | Used to predict an individual's, An 1 Eee tid skills. ‘ | capabilities if given proper, paren environment and training.