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X @ drive.google.com, , BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES, PART 1, , For viewing video, click the link below, , , , , , + The process of exchange of oxygen from the atmosphere with the, carbondioxide produced by the cell is called respiration or breathing., , * Lower invertebrates like e, exchange oxygen with C ffusion over their entire body, surfaces., , Reptiles, Birds, Mammals, , HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, , External nostrils > nasal passage-PNasal chamber> nasopharynx > glottis > larynx >, jtrachea> bronchi bronchioles > —_ alveoli, , Pharynx, * Itis the common passage for food and air., Larynx, + Itis the upper part of the trachea, , + Larynx is a cartilaginous box which helps in sound production and, hence called the, , Glottis & Epiglottis, + Opening of the larynx is called, , + A large leaf like cartilaginous lid guards the opening of larynx (glottis), called, , Bronchi and Bronchioles, + Trachea divides at the level of Sth thoracic vertebra into a right and left, primary bronchi., Each bronchi undergoes repeated divisions to form the secondary and, tertiary bronchi and bronchioles., + Bronchioles ending up in very thin, CARTILAGINOUS RINGS, , + The tracheae, primary, secondary and tertiary bronchi, and initial, bronchioles are supported by incomplete, , ALVEOLI, , + Each terminal bronchiole gives rise to a number of very thin, irregular, walled and vascularised bag-like structures called