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Y ead the passage given below and, answer the questions that follow: [NCT, 2017], , 1. Jahangir was born on 30 August 1569,, to Akbar, the Mughal Emperor, and his, Hindu wife, Jodha Bai. He was crowned, on 24 October 1605. In the twenty-two, years, he was Emperor, till his death on, 28 October 1627, he had many battles to, fight and many rebellions to suppress., But he always found time for his, greatest hobby-the study of animals and, plants. He was an avid bird watcher or, an ornithologist as he would be called, now, and a keen naturalist. The care and, accuracy with which Jahangir described, various characteristics of animals and, birds, their geographical distribution and

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behaviour, would have done credit to a, full-time naturalist. His observations are, recorded in his memoirs, the Tuzuk-iJahangir., , 2. Jahangir had a small zoo and he, would spend hours-sometimes days, and nights together-on his observations., For the first time in the history- of, ornithology, he noted how sarus cranes, mate brood over their eggs in turn, and, how chicks are hatched and taken care, of. He also observed one human quality, in this bird: the parents love not only their, eggs and chicks but also each other., , 3. The Emperor had several famous, painters in his court. When he came, across a rare animal, bird or plant, he, would instruct an artist to draw it. The

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painter who excelled in this art was, Ustad Mansur. For modern, ornithologists, Jahangir's collection of, paintings provides a strikingly accurate, description of the natural history of the, day. Unfortunately, most of these, paintings are no longer to be found in, India. With the disintegration of the, Mughal Empire, foreign adventures, looted this treasure. Most of the, paintings were thus lost.

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4. In 1958, a Russian researcher, A, lvanoc, created a sensation when he, discovered, a rare portrait of the dodo, a, large non-flying pigeon-like bird, which, became extinct about three centuries, ago. This portrait was found ina, collection of paintings at the Institute of, Orientalists of Soviet Academy of, Sciences. There was no way of, identifying the painter, but the style,, without doubt was that of Ustad Mansur., Now there is evidence to show that it, was the portrait of Mauritian dodo that, was presented to Emperor Jahangir, around 1624. Over three centuries after, their death, Jahangir and his dodo made, a dramatic reappearance in the world of, ornithology!

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we, , 5. Jahangir also loved gardens, but his, dissertations in botany and horticulture, were mostly confined to how a lotus, traps hornets or how saffron sprouts, from soil. However, he was responsible, for the cultivation of high altitude trees, such as the cypress, Juniper, pine and, Javanse sandal in plains., , 6. Jahangir had many other scientific, interests. He once conducted an, experiment to show that the air of, Mahmudabad (in Gujrat) was healthier, than that of Anmedabad. He was, fascinated by the movement of the stars, and the planets and used to regularly, record the occurrence of solar and lunar, eclipses. When a comet made its, appearance, he recorded the growth and, decay of its tail.