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Lifelines of, National Economy, • Social Science
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Roadways, Super highways, , Pipelines, , National Highways, State Highways, , Assam to Kanpur, , District Roads, , Saalya to Jalandhar, , Rural Roads, , HVJ Pipelines, , Border Roads, , Waterways, Inland, Waterways, , Lifelines of, National Economy, , Communication, , Airways, Domestic, International, , Railway, , Pushkar, Priyanshu, Personal, , Broad Gauge-1.67m, , Mass, , Metre Gauge-1m, , Narrow Gauge-0.61m, , Trade, , Tourism as a, , Local, , trade, , trade, , Balance of, , International, , trade, , trade
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Key Points, Road Density -The length of road per 100 sq kms of area is, known as density of roads., , Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways -It is major road, development project linking the four metropolitan cities-Delhi,, Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai by six lane super highways., , North-South Corridor- Roads linking Srinagar to Kanyakumari, East-West Corridor- Roads linking Silcher to Porbandar., , National Highways- Major roads connecting state capitals and, metropolitan cities of a country., , Pushkar, Priyanshu, , State Highways- Roads linking a state capitals with different, district headquarters., , International Trade-Trade between two countries., , Export: When the goods are sent to other country for sale it is, called as export., , Import: When the goods come from other country to be sold in, India it is called import., , Balance of Payment: This is the difference between export and, import of a country.
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Important Qs, 1. Why is air travel preferred in North-East?, i) Uneven and mountain terrain, ii) Dense forests, iii) Presence of big rivers, iv) Frequent floods, v) International frontiers., , 2.Write three advantage of waterways., i) Cheapest means of transport, ii) can carry heavy and bulky goods, iii) do not cause air pollution., , Pushkar, Priyanshu, , 3.Name three National waterways ., , i) The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia, , ii) Brahamaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri, iii) West Coast Canal in Kerela, , 4.What are the advantages of transport?, , i) Facilitates easy and free movement of people from one place to, another., , ii) Helps to carry goods and materials from one place to another, iii) Helps in production and distribution of goods., , iii) Connect markets with the production centres., , iv) Promotes easy accessibility of goods and services., v) Helps in development of trade and commerce., vi) Helps to increase the volume of the Trade.
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5. What are the problems faced by Indian roadways?, i) Road network is inadequate for increasing volume of traffic., ii) About half of the roads are unmetalled., iii) The National Highways are inadequate and are poorly, maintained., iv) The roadways are highly congested in cities and are lacking, safety measures., v) Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow., vi) Lack of proper security measures., , 6. What are the Problems Faced by Indian Railways?, i) Requires huge investment at the time of installation., ii) Maintenance and upkeep is very costly., iii) Construction is difficult and costly in uneven and high hills., , Pushkar, Priyanshu, , iv) Not suitable for transportation of perishable goods., v) Thefts and damaging of railway property., vi) Unnecessarily chain pulling to stop train., vii) Gauge Conversions., , viii) Sinking and slipping of tracks in rains., , 7. Why is transport and communication called lifelines of country?, i) Connects far lying areas of the country, ii) They benefit trade and commerce, , iii) Help in the development of agriculture and industry., iv) Helpful during calamities, , v) Promotes unity of the country
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7. The sugar industry is now shifting from north to south. Why?, i) The sugar contents in the cane is higher i.e. 10.5% in, Maharashtra and other southern states., ii) Climate is suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane., iii) South has better export facilities as compared to North., iv) Cooperative sugar mills are more successful in management in, south India., v) The Peninsular climate helps to extend the crushing season by, two months in the south India than north India., , 8. How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants?, i) Integrated Steel Plant is larger in size than Mini Steel Plant., ii) Integrated Steel Plant handle everything in one single Complex, from putting together raw material to steel making, rolling and, , Pushkar, Priyanshu, , shaping while the Mini steel Plants use steel scrap, sponge iron, and sometimes steel ingots supplied by integrated Steel Plants., iii) Integrated Steel Plants manufacture all types of steel but Mini, steel Plants produce mild and alloy steel of given specification., , 9. Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental, degradation by industries., , i) Restricting use of fossil fuels and using hydel power, , ii) Fitting smoke stacks to factories with electrostatic precipitators,, fabric filters, scrubbers and inertial separators., iii) Discharging the dirty water after treating it., , iv) Machinery, equipment and generator can be fitted with silencer, v) Redesign machinery to make them energy efficient and to, reduce noise.
