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SAMRAT, , W H I CH CONT AI NS 2MAR K S , 3MAR K S , 4MAR K S AND MAP, , IT IS A NOTES ONLY NOT A PASSING PACKAGE, ENGLISH MEDIUM SOCIAL SCIENCE NOTES 2021-2022, , NAME OF THE SCHOOL:PREPARED BY:PHANEENDRA.N., SOCIAL SCIENCE TEACHER, MORARJI DESAI RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL,, BACHCHAHALLI, DODDABALLAPUR (T),, BENGALURU RURAL (D),, MOB:- 9901712753, , NAME OF THE STUDENT:-, , ROLL NUMBER:-, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 1
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SAMRAT, , HISTORY, ADVENT OF EUROPEANS TO INDIA, , The Indian goods which had great demand in, European market:1. Pepper, 2. Cardamom, 3. Ginger, 4. Silk, 5. Clove and other species items, Why was Constantinople considered as the, gateway of European trade:1. It was a center for an international trade, 2. Eastern and western trade goods were, exchanging through this place only, 3. The goods reaches Europeans countries, through this place only, Why was Turks captured Constantinople:1. To stop the trade between eastern and, western countries, 2. To gain monopoly over trade, 3. To get more profit, 4. To suppress the monopoly of Italian, merchants in Europe, , Effects of the fall of Constantinople / causes, resulted in the discovery of a new sea route to, India/ why Europeans encouraged sailors to, find a new sea route to India :1. Trade link between eastern and western, countries was closed., 2. The trade route was comes under the control, of Turks, 3. Turks started levying too many taxes on the, goods passing through this route, 4. There was a huge demand started for Indian, goods in European markets, 5. Italian people lost their monopoly over the, trade in Europe., 6. Many Europeans like Spain and Portugal were, attempting to break the monopoly of Italian, traders, 7. Many European nations encouraged for, sailors to find an alternative route to India., 8. Many inventions like compass, astrolabes and, gunpowder came to use., How did the sea voyages/scientific inventions /, become very easy for Europeans:1. Many European rulers opened navigational, schools and gave training, 2. Europeans rulers extended their all kinds of, support to navigators, 3. Because of the invention of compass,, astrolabes , gunpowder,, Maps and navigational books, , How did the trade take place between India, and Europe during middle age:1. The trade was going through the Persian, gulf, the red sea and through the north, western regions of India, 2. The Arab merchants carried Asian, merchandise into Constantinople of eastern, Roman Empire. Italian merchants would, buy these goods and then sell them in, European countries, Europeans who encouraged for Navigation:1. Portuguese 2. Spain, 3.England 4. French, 5, Dutch, Europeans who came to India for trade:1. Portuguese, 2. Dutch, 3. England, 4. French, How did the Portuguese established their, power in India/ How did Portuguese got, monopoly over trade with India:1. Vasco-da-Gama was the Portugal person who, re-established the trade in India, 2. Francisco-de Almeida was implemented Blue, water policy In India, 3. Alfonso-de Albuquerque waged war and, captured Goa. And made it as administrative, center in India, 4. By establishing trading centers in India at, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 2
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SAMRAT, Why was Alfonso de Albuquerque considered, as the real founder of Portuguese Empire in, India, 1. He led the strong foundation for the, development of Portuguese power in India, 2. Waged a battle against the sultan of Bijapur, in 1510 and won Goa, 3. He made Goa as the administrative center, of the Portuguese in India, 4. He took control over many trading places, in India, Why was the Dutch lost their power in India:1. Unable to face the competition from English, and French, 2. Their mother country was not supported for, them, 3. Their negligence towards the trade with, India, 4. They completely focused towards trade with, Indonesia, How did the British established their power in, India:1. Took royal charter from Queen Elizabeth to, do trade in India, 2. Established British East India company in, India in the year 1600CE, 3. Thomas Roe obtained royal permission from, Mughal ruler Jahangi to establish factories in, India, , 4. English took Madras from the ruler of, chandragiri and built st. George fort, 5. Obtained Bombay from Charles II and, purchased few villages by this they built fort, William, Colonies/trading centers/warehouses, Dutch, Surat . Broach, cambe cochin., Nagapatinam., Masulipatanam., Chinsura, French, MachalipatinamChand, ranagore. Mahe., Karailkal., Casssimbazar., Balasore. Pondicherry, , England, Bombay. Calcutta., Agra. Ahmadabad., Broach. Surat., Madras, Portuguese, Goa, Diu, Daman, , First Anglo- French wars, ( Carnatic wars), Causes:1. The rivalry between French and British in, England, 2. La Bourdonnais attack on Madras as per the, request of Dupleix, 3. Dupleix was not ready for compromise with, Anwaruddin., , Course:1. La Bourdonnais took money from British and, returned Madras to them, 2. Dupleix tried to recapture Madras and failed, in it, 3. Finally this war ended with the treaty of AixLa-Chapelle, Second Carnatic war:Causes:1. Dupleix extended his support to Muzaffar, Jung and British also extended their support to, Nasir Jung to solve the crisis’s of Hyderabad, Nizamship, 2. In Carnatic region British announced their, support to Anwaruddin and Dupleix to, Chandasaheb to solve the Carnatic problem, Course:3. By defeating and killing Anwaruddin French, made chandasaheb as the nawab of Carnatic., But British waged war on chandasaheb and, defeated him made Mohammad Ali as the, Nawab of Carnatic, 4. French made Muzaffar Jung as the Nizam of, Hyderabad by killing Nasir Jung. After few days, he was killed by British., 5. As per the treaty of Pondicherry this war was, ended . As per this treaty French took control, over Hyderabad and appointed Bussy . And, British took control over Carnatic region under, the leadership of Robert Clive., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 3
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SAMRAT, Second Carnatic war brought laurels to English, and a political setback to French in India. How:1. French lost their control over Carnatic region, and this region went under the control of British, 2. French called back Dupleix and not sent an, eminent officer like him, 3. British shown their military strength to Indian, local rulers, 4. British did had a strong competition after this, war, 5. Local rulers lost the faith on the strength of, French army and officers, , Results / Carnatic wars helped to British to, consolidate their power in southern India:1. By the end of the second war Dupleix went, back to mother country, 2. British very easily took control over French, areas, 3. British established their supremacy over, Carnatic region and Hyderabad, 4. This war had shown the British capacity to, others, 5. No one had not given strong competition to, British after these wars in India., , Third Carnatic war:1. French governor Count de Lally decided to, attack on British base especially Wandiwash in, 1760, 2. Lally ordered to Bussy to join him in the, battle. that`s why Bussy left Hyderabad, 3. Sir Eyre Coote took the charge of this war and, defeated French. Lally escaped and Bussy, imprisoned, 4. Finally Coote attacked on Pondicherry and, Lally had to surround unconditionally to British, in 1761, 5. This war ended with the treaty of Paris. As per, it French get hold on only Pondicherry reset of, their places went under the control of British., , Battle of Plassey(1757), Causes:1. Misuse of Dastaks, 2. Mending of the fort without permission, 3. Black room Tragedy, 4. Siraj-Ud-Daulah was not ready to listen the, words of British, 5. a huge economical loss to Bengal government, Results:1. This war brought out the immorality and lack, of unity among the Indians, 2. Mir Jaffar became the Nawab of Bengal, 3. British company had gained the trade rights in, Bengal, 4. Mir Jaffar had to pay 17 crores and 70 lakhs, to British company as war indemnity, 5. Jaffar gave 24 paraganas to British, 6. Siraj-Ud-daulah lost the battle and also his life, , Battle of Buxar (1764), Causes, 1. Qasim declared him as an independent ruler, 2. Qasim made duty free trade in Bengal like, British for other traders also, 3. He was not listening the words of British, 4. British dethroned Qasim and made again, Jaffar as nawab of Bengal, , Results / Out come, 1. British took Dewani rights over Bengal from, Shah Alam II, 2. Alam II gave away all the rights over Bengal to, the British for an annual rent of rupees 26 lakhs, 3. Company had to pay pension to Jaffar`s son, and took administrative control of Bengal, 4. Nawab of Awadh had to pay a fine of rupees, 50 lakhs to company, 5. Bengal , Bihar and Odisha provinces came, under the control of British, 6. Clive introduced Dual government, Dual Government/Governance:1. Introduced by Robert Clive, 2. In Bengal in the year 1765, Meaning:As per this the British had the right to collect, land taxes, whereas the Nawab had power over, administrative issues like justice and others, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 4
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SAMRAT, Trade link between India and Europe in Middle, age, 1. The Arab merchants carried the Asian, merchandise into Constantinople of Eastern, Roman Empire, 2. Italian merchants would buy these goods and, then sell in European countries, , THE EXTENSION OF THE BRITISH RULE, First Anglo Maratha Wars:Causes:1. Marathas installed Shah Alam II back on the, throne of Mughal Empire in Delhi, 2. Shah Alam II gave Kora and Allahabad to, Marathas which was under the control of British., it led the rivalry between British and Marathas, 3. after the death of Madhav Rao Narayana Rao, became the peshwa of Marathas but he was, killed by his uncle Raghobha, 4. Maratha federation opposed this and made, Madhav Rao II as the peshwa, 5. Raghoba asked British support to fight against, the Maratha federation, Results:1. Marathas lost their control on Allahabad, 2. Marathas came forward for Salbai agreement, 3. Madhav Rao II became as peshwa., , Second Amglo Maratha War, Causes:1. The difference between the Maratha, Chieftains, 2. The enmity between Yashwanth Rao of Holkar, family , Daulath Rao of Sindhia family and, peshwa Balaji Rao II, 3. Yashwanth Rao defeated Daulath rao and, Balaji Rao ii, 4. Peshwa appealed to the British for help, 5. Balaji Rao II entred Subsidiary Alliance by, singing the treaty of Bassein, 6. Lord Wellesley defeated the combined force, of Marathas chieftains, Third Anglo Maratha war, Causes:1. Marathas family tried their best to protest, their independence and honour, 2. Peshwa attempted to free himself from the, clutches of the company, 3. Peshwa attacked the British residency in, Poona and brunt it down, 4. Appa Sahed and Malhar Rao rebelled against, British, 5. peshwa attacked on British at Koregaon and, Ashti and later surrendered to British, , Results:1. peshwa lost the war and surrendered to, British, 2. British abolished the peshwa post and, granted a pension to Baji Rao II, 3. British installed Pratapa Simha as the, traditional leader of Marathas, 4. Finally all the Maratha families accepted the, subsidiary Alliance, 5. British took complete control over Maratha, region, How did Dalhousie merge Punjab into British, Empire:1. The British attempts to rule Punjab, Directly was opposed by many., 2. Chattar singh Attariwala in Lahore and, Moolraj in Multan also opposed it., 3. But Dalhousie waged war on them and by, defeating them he completely merged Punjab, into British Empire., The policies followed by Wellesley to expand, British power in India. OR Expansion of the, British power took place in a large pace after, the arrival of Wellesley . How:1. Subsidiary alliance, 2. Waging war against new states, 3. Direct administrative control over the British, colonies/places in India., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 5
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SAMRAT, Subsidiary alliance, Areas, Hyderabad. Mysore., Awadh, Tanjavur,, Marathas. Berar, Arcot., Pone. Gwalior, Person, Lord Wellesley, Meaning, This was basically a, military protection, agreement between the, East India company and, the Indian state, , Civil Service:1. Lord Cornwallis introduced the administration, of civil services in India, 2. Employees appointed by British company for, the trade purpose only, 3. British implemented Regulating Act to control, corruption, 4. Corn Wallis opened Fort William College in, Calcutta for the aspirants of civil services, 5. Appointments made by the directors till 1853, 6. 1853 onwards appointments made through, Competitive Examinations, 7. British gave lower grade jobs for Indians in, their administrative system., , 6. British appointed magistrates and they took, control over police system, 7. Indian police Act was implemented in 1861., But Indians were not appointed for the post of, officers., 8. In 1902 the police commission allowed of, appointment of suitable qualified Indians for the, police officers., Statements, 1. All the Natives of Hindustan are completely, Corrupt - LORD CORN WALLESLEY, 2. The Indian farmers were born in debt, lived in, debt and died in debt due to the land tax, policies of the British- CHARLES METCALF, 3. Creation of new class of Indians who are, Indian by body but British in intelligence, opinion, and taste- MACAULEY, , Reforms in Police system, , Judicial system, , 1. British brought reforms in police system to, maintain internal peace and security., 2. Lord Cornwallis brought so many changes in, police system, 3. He created a new post called superintend of, police and divided district into many police, stations., 4. Every stations was under the control of, Kotwal`s and every village under the care of, Chowkidhar., 5. Kotwal was the, accountable person for thefts, crimes and other, law violations at village level., , 1. British thought of bring more centralized, judicial system in India. 2. British overtook, Mughal `s authority and established their judicial, supremacy in India., 3. Warren Hasting implemented two types of, courts in India ., 4. Diwani Adalat it is a civil court. Gives justices, as per Hindu manuscripts and Muslims, Shariyath. Slowly civil courts came under the, control of European officers., 5., Fouzadaari Adalat was a criminal court comes, under the control of quajis, they were, functioning under the supervision of Europeans, officers., , Doctrine of lapse, Areas, Satara. Nagpur., Sambalpur., Udaipur. Jhansi., Jaipur, Person, Dalhousie, Meaning, If any Indian ruler, dies without, children, their, adopted children, had no legal right, over the throne, , The Conditions of Subsidiary Alliance:1. The Indian king had to keep the British army, in his kingdom, 2. The local king only bare the expenses of the, army, 3. Indian kings only give salary for soldiers, 4. King had to have a British resident in his court, 5. King could not appoint any one and could sign, for any agreements without the permission of, British, 6. Company takes only responsibility of, protecting the state from internal and external, aggression, , THE IMPACT OF BRITISH RULE IN INDIA, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 6
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SAMRAT, Write the difference between Diwani Adalat, and Fouzadari Adalat courts, Diwani Adalat, 1. it was a civil court., 2. Justices as per the, Hindu manuscripts, and the Muslims, Shariyath., 3. Courts under the, control of European, officers., 4. slowly British legal, procedures were, introduced here, , Fouzadari Adalat, 1. It was a criminal, court., 2. Justices as per, British legal, procedure., 3. Courts comes, under the control of, `Qajis`., 4. Qujis works under, the supervision of, European officers., , Mahalwari System, , Impact of British Land tax system, , 1. R.M. Bird and James Thomson implemented, this system in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya, Pradesh, Punjab, and Delhi, 2. this system brought to practice due to the, failure of zamindar system, 3. company made tax agreement at the level, of Mahals, 4. Here company officers fixed the tax., Sometimes they fix it more than the, production, 5. In this system British took back the land, ownership from the zamindars ., 6. Here officers ( Mahaldars) who appointed, by the company played a very important role, , 1. A new class of Zamindars was created and, they started to exploited the farmers, 2. Farmers became land less slowly due to their, exploitation, 3. Land became a commodity., 4. Loans could be raised by mortgaging the lands, 5. The Agriculture sector became, commercialized, 6. Farmers had to grow the raw materials which, needed by industries of England, 7. The money lenders became so strong, 8. Zamindars also had to mortgage their lands in, order to pay the land taxes., 9. British had received benefits as well as losses, from all these land tax systems., , British Land Taxes Policies in India, Ryotwari System, Zamindar system, , 1. Cornwallis implemented this system in, Bengal during 1793., 2. Zamindar had to pay agreed tax to British, 3. He lost the ownerships of the land if he not, pay the tax, 4. Farmers suffered a lot of problems under, this system, 5. Zamindar works as mediators between, farmers and company, 6. later this system was extended to Bihar,, Odissa, Andhra and Varanasi regions, 7. farmers exploitation was increased here by, zamindars, , 1. This system firstly implemented by, Alexander Reed in Baramahal region in 1792., 2. Further it was implemented in Madras and, Mysore region by Thomas Munroe in 1801., 3. In this system company and farmers were, directly linked, 4. The tiller recognized as the owner of his, tilling land, 5. Here farmers want to pay 50% of production, as tax, 6. Every 30 years once tax could be revised., 7. Money lenders got more importance in this, system, , Growth of English Education, 1. British brought changes in Indian traditional, education system during the 18th century., 2. New schools were started for the children of, Europeans in India., 3. Warren Hastings facilitated the expansion of, the modern education in India. For that he, started Calcutta Madras in 1781, 4. Later Jonathan Duncan started Sanskrit, College in Banaras in 1792., 5. Charter act of 1813 provided the founds for, universalization of education in India., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 7
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SAMRAT, 6. Lord William Bentinck appointed Macaulay as, chairperson of committee on education. This, report became the base for English education., 7. Lord Dalhousie established Universities in, Calcutta, Bombay, and Madrasas per the, suggestion of Charles wood`s commission of, 1854, , Impact of British Education in, India, 1. Indians could develop modernity, secularism,, democratic attitudes, 2. It helped to learn rationality and Nationalistic, Ideals, 3. New social and religious movements emerged, 4. It hardly influenced on Indian freedom, struggle, 5. It helps to understand rich tradition and, culture of Indians for Europeans, 6. The thoughts of Western thinkers like J.S.Mill,, Rousseau, influenced in the mind of educated, youth of India, 7. So many periodicals started and worked on, various issues, , 8. It helped to bring unity among the educated, Indians and common people through local, languages and literature., Constitutional Development, Company Acts 1773 to 1857, 1. Regulating Act – 1773, 2. Pitts India Act – 1784, 3. Charter Act of 1813, 4. Charter Act of 1833, , British Parliament acts 1858 to 1947, 1. Indian Government Act – 1858, 2. Indian Councils Act – 1861, 3. Indian Councils Act – 1892, 4. Minto-Marley Reforms- 1909, 5. Montague-Chelmsford Reforms- 1919, 6. Government of India Act of 1935, Features/ provisions/ Recommendations of, Regulating Act- 1773, 1. Bengal presidency gained administrative, control over Bombay and Madras presidencies, 2. The Governor of Bengal became as the, Governor General of all three presidencies, 3. Governor General was authorized to direct,, exercise control and supervises over two, presidencies, 4. Bombay and Madras presidencies lost their, complete freedom, 5. Supreme court of Judicature was established, in Calcutta, Pitts India Act, 1. British Parliament restricted the power of the, company in India, 2. Board of Controllers came to exit in the place, of Board of Directors which consists of6, commissioners, 3. Board had to rights on land taxes, Military, and civil issues, 4. It declared company areas are the integral, part of British Empire, , Charter Act of 1813, 1. Act was renewed the company trading, licenses for another 20 years, 2. It was allowed to all interested persons to, carryout trade in India, 3. A new era of License and Authorization, started, 4. The Board vested with the powers to appoint, the Governor General and the commander-inchief, 5. The church were allowed to enter India, officially, 6. It led a strong foundation for the expansion of, Christianity and English Education in India, Charter Act of 1833, 1. Act was renewed the company trading, licenses for another 20 years, 2. The Governor General of Bengal was named, as the Governor General of India, 3. It gave all kinds of power to governor General, 4. Act banned any discrimination based on, religion, birth and skin colour, 5. Governor General was mandated to appoint a, law professional as member to his executive, committee, 6. All British companies were allowed to have, trade relationship with India, 7. It also gave rights to Bengal central, government related wars , peace and, agreements., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 8
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SAMRAT, Indian Government Act of 1858, 1. Company was lost it power in India and India, brought under the direct administration of, Queen, 2. The post of Governor General was changed, into Viceroy, 3. A new post called secretary of state for India, was created, 4. A council of India was created to assist, secretary, , Indian Councils Act /Minto – Marley, Reformations of 1909, 1. The strength of central legislative council, members was increased from 16 to 60, 2. The number of regional councils members, was also increased, 3. Representation of the regional council was, allowed through election for the first time, 4. Separate Electorate college was created for, Muslims to provide separate representation, , Indian Council Act of 1861, 1. it was allowed Indians to participate in the, process of creating laws, 2. Indians were nominated to the council of, viceroy as non-official members, 3. Viceroy was authorized to proclaim, Ordinances in case of emergency, , Indian Councils Act/ Montague-Chelmsford, Reformation Act of 1919, 1. Act formulated Bu-cameral legislative body, 2. Diarchy was allowed at regional governments, 3. An high commissioner was appointed for India, 4. Promised to improve local self-government, 5. Provincial budget was separated from central, budget, 6. Separate Electoral College was extended for, Muslims, Sikhs, Anglo-Indians and Europeans, , Indian Council Act of 1892, 1. It extended the participation of Indians in the, legislative bodies, 2. The number of members in the regional and, central legislative bodies was increased, 3. Legislative councils had authority to discuss, on budget related issues, 4. It gave power to people to question the, government on public issues, , Indian Government Act of 1935, 1. Reserve Bank of India was established, 2. Diarchy was established at the center, 3. Diarchy was canceled at the regional level and, autonomy was granted, 4. The Federal Court was established, 5. A federal system of Indian principalities,, British governed regions and dominion states, was formed., , OPPOSITION TO BRITISH RULE IN KARNATAKA, 18th century has considered as “the century of, Political problems”, 1. Death of Chikkadevaraj Wodeyar., 2. Death of Aurangazeb, 3. Mughals lost their control on south India, 4. Political struggle of Carnatic region, 5. Zamindars revolt against the British, 6. Local ruler’s agitation on British., Role of Dondiya Wagh, 1. Rebellion of Wagh is an important rebellion, among the rebellions led in 19th century. He is, known as tiger for his bravery. He was, imprisoned by Tippu British released him from, the jail., 2. Wagh built a small army and organized, alliance with unhappy soldiers of Tippu`s army, and feudatory rulers., 3. With his army he captured Bidanoor and, Shivamogga forts and tries to capture, chitradurga fort but he was failed., 4. He was organized attacks on British at, Shivamogga, Honalli, Harihara and other palces, but British suppressed it. That`s why wagh ran, away to Gutti., 5. There Nizams of Hyderabad was attacked on, him so that he once again he shifted his place to, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 9
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SAMRAT, Maratha`s region. Marathas waged war on him, and captured horse, camels and arms., 6. He took support from many palyegaras and, French to continue the war on British. But British, killed many of his followers., 7. Wagh recaptured Shikaripura fort from, British. That`s why Wellesley decided to end his, adventures by taking local rulers support., Attacked on him at the region of Malprabha and, Tungabadhra. But wagh escapade., 8. Later Nizams and Marathas army caught him, british attacked him at Yelaparavi and killed him, at Konagal., Role of Puttabasappa in the Rebellion of Amara, Sullya, 1. Farmers issues and disrespect to, Chikkaveeerarajendra a ruler of Haleri dynasty, by British. Became the major reasons for this, rebellion., 2. Puttabasappa declared him as Kalyanaswamy, and Aparampura . by organizing his own, army(rebels) he took the leadership of kodagu, rebellion., 3. He assured that tax on Salt and Tobacco will, be withdrawn if rebel government comes to, rule. So that many farmers, land lards and, chieftains supported to him to fight against, British., 4. With this support he captured government, office in Bellare and killed Amaldhar. This victory, made rebellion much more famous., , 5. Rebels decided to capture Mangalore fort, .while they marching towards Mangalore they, attacked on Bantwal and looted the treasury and, prison., 6. To control this rebel British took the army, support of Thalacheri, Kannur and Bombay. With, this they planned to suppress the rebels., 7. Basappa and his followers escaped to Sulys., There British captured him and hanged him and, many of the sub leaders of this rebellion., Surapura Rebellion (OR) Role of Venkatappa, Nayaka., 1. It is one of the most important rebellions in, Karnataka which indirectly supported to the, revolt of 1857., 2. After the death of Krishna Nayaka British took, the overall responsibilities of developing the, surapura. For this they appointed Meadows, Taylor as resident., 3. British made Vekatappa Nayaka as ruler of, surapura in the year 1853., 4. British observing various developments in, surapura during the time of 1857 revolt. They, suspect that Nana Saheb took shelter in, surapura and Venkatappa nayaka was working, against to British., 5. To check this British appointed Campbell. He, was submitted report to Resident of Hyderabad, says that Venkatappa Nayaka was involved in, maladministration. So that British took control, over surapura in 1858., , Meadows Taylor (OR) Role of British in the, development of Surapura, 1. British salved the internal crisis which took, place in Surapura after the death of Krishna, Nayaka, 2. British appointed Meadows Taylor as resident, in surapura., 3. Taylor worked for the development of, surapura by organizing various plans., 4. Appointed PeddaNayaka as Dewan of the, state. And gave power to him, 5. To increase the states revenue he, implemented various programmes., 6. He conducted land survey of the kingdom, 7. He took the responsibility of Venkatappa, Nayaka`s education., 8. British handed over the power to Venkatappa, Nayaka in the year 1853., Role of Chenamma in the revolt of Kittur(1824), 1. She was a one who bravely fought against, British in Karnataka. Against to the policy of, Doctrine of lapse., 2. Shivalingarudra Sarja and Chenamma came to, power soon after the death of her husband, Mallasarja in Kittur., 3. Due to the ill health of her son Shivalingarudra, Sarja she completely took the administrative, charge of Kittur., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 10
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SAMRAT, 4. Very soon she lost her son due to his ill health., So that she adopted a boy named Shivalingappa, as her successor against to the British policy., 5. Dharwad collector Thackeray noticed this and, reported same to Governor of Bombay., 6. Thackeray was attempted to take control over, Kittur. Chenamma suppressed his effort by, killing him. And took many British soldiers as, prisoners., 7. To take action against to this British send an, army under the leadership of colonel Deak. But, chenamma attempted to escape from the battle, field., 8. British captured her and imprisoned her at, Bylahongala fort. She passed away in the prion, only., , Role of Sangoli Rayanna in the revolt of Kittur, (1829-1830), 1. He was a brave soldier and patriotic person of, Kittur. He fought for the independence of kittur, and tried to liberate his motherland from British., 2. For this he was tried to develop a sense of, nationalism in Kittur. He was organized an army, and meetings to plan regarding his attacks on, British., 3. He and his follower’s looted British weapons,, treasury and taluk offices., 4. In this way he was waged war on British and, continued the revolt which was stopped by, Chenamma ., , 5. All villagers started to support for him and his, work. It`s became a huge headache to British., That’s what they decided to suppress him., 6. British took the support from Desais and, Amaldhar Krishnaraya. With their cunning plan, they waged war on him and captured him and, brought down to Dharwad jail., 7. British declared him as offender and hanged, him till death., , How Hyder Ali came to power, 1. The political challenges witnessed in Mysuru, soon after the death of Chikkadevaraj wodeyar, gave a platform to him., 2. Firstly he was joined Mysuru army as an, ordinary soldier, 3. He was closely observing the political, developments in Mysuru., 4. The attack on Devanahalli and Nizam of Arcot, made him as a great person in Mysuru., 5. He won the hearts of Mysuru soldiers by, paying their salaries., 6. With his swift actions he weakened the power, of Dalawayee and sidelined the King Krishnaraja, Wodeyar., 7. In this way an ordinary soldier Hyder Ali, became the Nawab of Mysuru. And took, complete administrative control of it., , First Anglo-Mysuru War (1767- 1769), Causes:1. British not tolerated the Hyder Ali`s, prominence in south., 2. The jealousy of Marathas and Nizam of, Hyderabad on Hyder Ali`s expansion, 3. Hyder Ali successfully breaks the tri party, alliance formed between British. Marathas and, Nizam of Hyderabad., 4. Hyder Ali and Nizam of Hyderabad`s attack on, Arcot in the year 1767. Arcot king took the, support from British to fight against the Hyder, Ali., Course:The battles took place in Thiruchanapalli,, Thiruvanamalai, Ambur, and other places.fur to, the join of Bombay army HyderAli got setback in, the beginning. he planned to capture Madras. It, created panic among British. War ended with, the treaty of Madras., Results:1. Both side prisoners were released, 2. Both side occupied areas also returned back, 3. One should come to the support another, when others attacked on British or Hyder Ali., 4. Both singed for the treaty of Madras., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 11
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SAMRAT, Second Anglo – Mysore war, (1780 -1784), Causes:1. British not came to the support of HyderAli:when Marathas attacked on Mysore British, didn’t announce their support to him as per the, treaty of Madras., 2. British attack on Mahe:- a French colony, which was under the control of Hyder Ali., Course:Beginning Ali gained upper hand. He captured, many British forts and Arcot. It created tension, to British., Sir Eyre coot led the British army and defeated, him at Porto Nova., By taking the support from Marathas and Nizam, of Hyderabad British continued was on him. But, due to his ill ness Hyder Ali lost his life., Later war was continued by his son Tippu Sultan., Finally war was ended with the treaty of, Mangalore., Results:1. Tippu Sultan became the leader of Mysore, 2. British noticed the strength of Tippu., 3. Tippu came to know the cunning policy and, ideas of British., 4. Tippu decided to protect Mangalore breach, 5. British defeater Hyder Ali at Port novae., , Third Anglo – Mysore war, Causes:1. The enmity between Tippu and British, 2. Tippu`s plan to get foreign support, 3. Travancore king built a fort at Kochi with the, help of British. Against the provisions of the, treaty of Mangalore., 4. Travancore ruler captured Kanganoor,, Ayacotta from the Dutch., Course:Tippu captured Baramahal and Satyamangalam, and moved towards to capture Travancore., Lord Cornwallis took charge of this war and, captured Kolar, Hosakote and moved towards, Bengalore., British took the support from Marathas and, Nizam of Hyderabad and captured Savanoor,, Gajendraghad, Lakshmeshwara, Hubballi and, marched towards Srirangaptna. They destroyed, it in the year 1792. So that Tippu entered with a, treaty of Srirangaptana., Provisions of the treaty of Srirangapatana:1. Tippu was forced to give his half of kingdom, to British, 2. Tippu want to pay 3 crore rupees as war, damage fee to British, 3. He had to pledge his two children to British as, a guarantee of the payment., 4. Tippu should release all the prisoners, , 5. Tippu should not continue his relationship, with foreigners, 6. Tippu should not plan anything against to, British., Fourth Anglo – Mysore War (1799):Causes:1. Tippu continued his relationship with, foreigners, 2. Lord Wellesley forced to accept subsidiary, alliance, 3. British not handed over the rights of Malabar, region to Tippu, Effects /Results:1. Tippu was completely lost his power and life, 2. Tippu`s regions was shared between British, alliance members, 3. Tippu`s son didn’t get any area from British, 4. British took complete control over south India, 5. A small region was handed over to Wadeyars, of Mysore., 6. Krishna Raja Wadeyar took the political, charge of Mysore and accepted subsidiary, alliance, 7. Mysore became the princely state of British., 8. British didn`t had strong enemies after this in, south., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 12
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SAMRAT, SOCIAL AND RLIGIOUS, REFORMATION MOVEMENTS, 19th century was considered as new, awakening time in the history of India:1. Because of the implementation of English, education, 2. British administration system and reforms, 3. Educated class started analyzing their own, society, 4. British put forth the theory of white man`s, burden, 5. Indians learnt more about democracy,, nationalism, equality from Europeans, 6. Many socio and religious reforms and, reformers brought radical changes in this, century, 7. The rapid growth of science and technology in, the field of communication, Teachings or Contributions or Reforms brought, down by the Following Societies or Persons, , Common points, 1. Opposed the practices of caste system, 2. Encourage for inter caste marriages and, widow remarriages, 3. Criticized the practices of child marriages, 4. Argued men and women are equal, 5. Opposed the practices of Polygamy, 6. Given importance to education, 7. Opposed meaningless rituals, , Prathana Samaj / Atma Ram Panduranga, Brahma Samaj / Raja Ram Mohan Roy, 1. Abolished the practices of Sati with the help, of Bentinck, 2. Started Athmiya Sabha in Calcutta, 3. Established Vedanta college in Calcutta, 4. Wrote Samvada Kaumudhi in Bengali, language, 5. Prophet of Indian Nationalism, Harbinger of, modern India, Progenitor of Indian social, reformation movements by R. Tagore, , Young Bengal Movement / Henry Louis, Derozio, 1. Calcutta was the center for this new thinking, 2. A professor at Hindu college of Calcutta., Students became his followers, 3. Importance to free and rational thinking and, new education For that he started Academic, Association in 1828, 4. advocate of women rights, 5. Died at the young age of 22 due to cholera, , Arya Samaja / Dayananda Saraswathi, a. Early name Moolashankar, received, Sanskrit education, he left his house at the, age of 21, b. Book Sathyartha Prakaasha. Vedas is the, ultimate source of knowledge., c. Back to Vedas, Shuddi movement and Cow, protection associations wer started., d. Dayananda Anglo- Vedic College and, Gurukula Vidyalaya was started after his, death by his followers, , 1. Reformation should not be a wish but, should be implemented in reality, 2. M.G.Ranade, Bhandarkar and Chandravarkar, were main leaders, , Sathya Shidhak Samaj / Jyothibha Phule, 1. Established to provide equal rights to nonBrahmin class, 2. Books Gulamagiri and Shetkarayacha Aasud, 3. Hostels for girls, 4. Ambedkar was influenced from this, , Aligarh Movement / Sir Syed Ahmad, Khan, a. In Muslim community, b. Tried to bring unity between Muslims and, HInds, c. Argued to provide English education for, Muslims, d. Mohammadan Literary Society established, in 1863, e. Debate, discussions on the issues related, Muslim religion, social and political issues, f. He argued Quran is only authoritative book, g. Religion practices should be changes, according the changing times, h. Opposed Purdah system, i. Criticized Polygamy, j. Founded Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental, College in Aligarh in 1875. Later it became, university, , Ramakrishna Mission / Vivekananda, a. Unique contribution in spiritual growth,, nationalistic awareness and cultural, development., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 13
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SAMRAT, b. Moksha through Dyana andBhakti . all, religions advocate the same, c. Don`t follow western ideas blindly, d. Persons who response for poor –, Mahatma, if not, Duratma, e. Participated in Chicago`s world religious, parliament in 1893, f. Books Jnana yoga, Raja yoga, Karma yoga, and Bhakto yoga., , Theosophical Society / Annie Besant, a. Founded by Blavatsky and colonel at, Adyar in Madras in 1886, b. Aims was comparative study of various, religions, philosophy and science, c. Declared universal brotherhood, d. Given importance to Vedas and other, Hindu books, e. Annie Besant influenced from Hindu, philosophy. She said Hindu philosophy far, superior than the western, f. Translating Bagvath Geetha to English., Known as Shwetha Saraswathi, g. Opened central Hindu college at Benaras, h. Two periodicals New India and, Commonweal started to discuss the, current problems, i. Started home rule movement in 1916, j. First women president of Indian national, congress, , Sri Narayana Guru, a. Sri Narayana Guru Paripalana Yogam in, 1903, b. Aim strengthening the backward and, exploited communities, , c. Palpu and Kumaran Assan were his, companions, d. Condemned the caste system in Kerala, e. Importance to human rights, f. One caste, one religion and one god for, human beings, g. Built temples for backward communities, in Kerala, h. Started Vaikom movement in 1924 for, free entry of lower caste, i. Gandhiji and Periyar were participated in, this movement, , Periyar, a. Self-respect movement by E.V., Ramaswami Naicker. Who came out from, the congress in 1925. Start3d Self, Respect League in 1926., b. Demanded representations in, government sector as per the population, of lower caste., c. He believed congress is in favor of varna, system that`s why he started a new, movement based Dravida Racial Identity, d. Opposed racial supremacy of Arya and, Dravid. Opposed Sanskrit language and, literature, e. Rejected ramaas the vedi leader and, accepted Ravana as the Dravidian leader, f. Start3d magazine Revolt, g. Started association Dravida Kazhagam, , Name the leaders of prathana samaj:-, , Vivekananda wrote his books on following, issues:1. Jnana yoga, 2. Raja yoga, , 3. Karma yoga, 4. Bhakti yoga., , What are the main aims of theosophical, society:1. Do a comparative study of various religious,, philosophies and science, 2. Discover the indomitable spirit hidden in the, human, 3. Achieving universal brotherhood, Dayananda`s call back to Vedas:1. Because it is the ocean or source of, knowledge, 2. It has answers for all our problems and doubts, 3. It is more voluble and realistic one than the, westerns, 4. It is our pride and heritage, , Social contributions of M.G.Ranade, 1. Fight against the practice of child marriage, 2. Gave importance to girls education, 3. He encouraged for widow remarriages, 4. Argued for equality in society, , 1. Athmaram panduranga 2. R.G.Bhandarkar, 3. N.G.Chandravarkar, 4. M.G.Ranade, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 14
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SAMRAT, THE FIRST WAR OF INDIAN INDEPENDENCE, , The famous leaders of the first war of Indian, independence:1. Mangal Pandey, 2. Tatya Tope, 3. Jhansi Rani Lakshmi Bai 4. Nana Saheb, , What was the immediate cause for the revolt of, 1857:1. A rumor spread that the bullets of Royal, Enfield guns were smeared in the fat of pig and, cow., 2. The cow was sacred for Hindus and the pig, was prohibited for Muslims, 3. So Indian soldiers refused to use it but British, forced to use, , Reasons for the failure, 1. Lack of proper planning, 2. Lack of unity among the Indian soldiers, 3. Mutiny was not spread all over India, 4. Some Indian local rulers were supported to, British, 5. No suitable leader for Indians, 6. Indian soldiers lost common people faith, 7. British army was so strong then the Indians, , Results / Effects/Queens Magnacarta, 1. East India company power was ended in, India, 2. British accepted to provide equality to all, before the law, 3. British Promised to give permanent and, responsible government to Indians, 4. British were with draw their political policies, in India, 5. British given opportunities to Indians to, participate in administration, 6. British Promised not to interfere in local, politics and religious aspects, 7. British Parliament took direct control on India, through viceroy, 8. British noticed the importance of policy of, association, , Economic causes, 1. Due to the effects of industrial revolutions in, England British transfer Indian natural resources, and raw materials to England., 2. India became workshop for their industries., Purchased goods at low price and sold finished, goods at high price in India., 3. Due to this many of Indian artisans, hand, crafts, small scale industries lost their, importance in India, many weavers lost, complete existence. It creates more economical, and unemployment problem in India., 4. British appointed the Inam commission. As, per it they took back all the Inam lands from the, , people. It hurts the people those who lost their, land., 5. Land reforms brought by British in India were, not satisfied by the local farmers. Because of, these reasons people were supported to, soldiers., , Political causes, 1. Due to the effects of doctrine of lapse and, subsidiary alliance so many local states like, Satara, Jhansi, and Udaipur etc. were lost their, power and kingship. So that many soldiers were, lost their jobs., 2. Dalhousie abolished the kingships of Carnatic, and Tanjavore Nawabs was also one cause., 3. British dethroned Mughal kings and many, other kings from their power. It’s hearted to, soldiers and common people., 4. British cancelled the tittles and awards of local, rulers and shown unrespect to them., , Military causes, 1. Indian soldier’s condition was very pathetic in, British military., 2. British were not paying hand full salary to, Indian soldiers, no promotion and no fixed, working hours for them like British soldiers., 3. British were not providing any kind of facilities, to Indian soldiers like British soldiers., 4. Indian soldiers should do heavy work but it, was not for British soldiers., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 15
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SAMRAT, 5. British were not respecting religious beliefs of, Indian soldiers. Hence they forced to cross the, sea., , Administrative causes, 1. British made English as their administrative, language instated of local languages in India., 2. British Implemented so many rules and, regulations as per the view of British parliament, in India., 3. They were not allowed Indians to participate, in administration., 4. Implemented British type of judiciary in India., 5. Followed partial administration policy in India., , FREEDOM MOVEMENT, , 3. This theory successfully shows the another, face of British to Indians, Leaders:Moderates, W.C. Banerjee, M.G.Ranade,, surendranath Banerjee, Dadabai Navoroji,, Gopalakrishna Gokale. R.C.Datt, , Lal:Bal:Pal:-, , Radicals, lala Lajpath rai, Bala Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, , Revolutionaries, Aurobindo Ghosh,, V.D. Savarkar, Ashwini Kumar Dutta, Azad, Vishnu, shastri., Madam cama. Bhagat singh,, kudhiram Bose,, Ras Behari Bose, , Early political / freedom associations of INC in, India:1. The Hindu Mela, 2. Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, 3. The Indian association, 4. All Indian Association, Drain Theory:1. Dadabai Navoroji was firstly introduced it., 2. It mainly focus on how British looting the, Indian wealth by increasing the import and, reducing the export, the British facilitated the, draining out of precious Indian resources into, England, , Role of Moderates, 1. They were the traditional followers as well as, early leaders of congress. 2. Their period from, 1885 to 1915. The main leaders were Umesh, Chandra Banarji, M.G.Rande, Dadabai Navroji, ,Gopala Krishna Gokhale , etc. 3. They believed, on protest, pamphlet and petition., 4. They fought against British within the legal, frame work only. Drain theory was the main, contribution of one of them., , Their Demands were, 1. Cut down the military expenditure, 2. Should give importance for the development, of Indian industries, 3. Provide educational facilities to Indians, 4. Conduct the programs to decrease the, poverty., 5. Give chance to Indians to participate in British, administration., 6. Should provide responsible government in, India., , Role of Radicals, 1. The leaders who came out from the congress, due to dissatisfaction with moderate’s works., Mainly they were Aurobindo Gosh, Lal Lajapath, Roy, Bipin Chandra Pal, Balagangadhara Tilak,, etc., 2. These people called moderates as political, beggars and p3 idiots. By following little violent, methods they criticized the soft stance of, moderates., 3. Radicals opposed stance of British who, considered nominating the Indian members to, Indian Legislative Assemblies as an important, favor., 3. They opposed the partition the Bengal and, took the issue door to door. For that they did, many movements and programmes . And bring, unity through that., 4. They gave call to people to use swadesi goods, and boycotting British goods., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 16
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SAMRAT, 5. They published many books , periodicals, among that Tilak`s Kesari and Maratha were, most famous, 6. Due to the strong oppose of them British, withdrawn the Bengal division order., , Balagangadhara Tilak, 1. One of the famous radical leader, himself, involved in many movements. Demanded for, complete freedom, opposed the partition of, Bengal, started home role movement and, demanded to use domestic goods only., 2. He Try to get the common people support, and involvement into freedom movement., That`s why he arranged the public celebration of, Ganesh festival and the birth day of Shivaji,, Durga festival and Rakshabandhan., 3. To bring the unity and awareness among the, people he published many periodical like kesari, in Marathi and Maratha in English., 4. He wrote a book called Geeetharahasya. He, said Swaraj is My Birth Right; I would definitely, get it back. In this way he became the role, model to upcoming freedom fighters in freedom, movement., , Partition of Bengal, 1. British thought to divide Bengal to control the, freedom fighters and to suppress the freedom, movement on the basis of administration., 2. Viceroy lord Curzon did this as into west and, east Bengal based on Hindu and Muslim, population because Hindus more in west and, , Muslims in east. It helps to British divide Indians, based on their religion., 3. Moderates were accepted this but some, people of INC were not accepted. So that came, out from the congress. Tilak and many other, started their own movement to oppose this., 4. Home rule movement and Swadesi, movement. Rakshanbandan and cultural works, started by Indian to show unity between Hindus, and Muslims., 5. Many Indian boycott their works and involved, into movements. These movements gave lots of, problems to British, 6. Hence British government withdrew the, Bengal partition order in 1911., , 4. They started to loot the weapons and wealth, of British, 5. They used bombs and guns to reach their goal, complete freedom., 6. The famous leaders of revolutionaries are, Aurobindo Ghosh, V.D. Savarkar, Azad, Bhagat, singh etc, 7. Abhinava Bharatha and Anusheelan Samiti, were the two important secret organizations of, them in India., , ERA OF GANDHI AND NATIONAL MOVEMENT, Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, , British withdrew the Partition of Bengal - Why, 1. Because of the strong Opposition of INC, 2. British failed to break the unity between, Hinds and Muslims, 3. Strong protests by Indians across the country, 4. People Boycotting the British Goods and, encouraged to local Goods, 5. Radical took this issue to the door steeps and, gains the strong support from the people., 6. It`s negatively impacted on British existence in, India, Role of Revolutionaries, 1. Their dream was attaining complete freedom, 2. They believed on violent methods only., 3. They established secret associations across, the country and provided training for common, people, , 1. British implemented Rowlatt Act in 1919. As it, they could arrest a man and declare him as an, offender in a court of law., 2. British passed a order that Indian could not, arrange any public meetings and they could not, assemble in any places., 3. Against to this Gandhi formed an association, called Sathyagraha Sabha., 4. Implemented various methods like public, marches, meetings and boycotts etc, 5. When Gandhi had called one day hartal on 6th, April 1919 many leaders were took participation., 6. Dr. Fakruddin and Dr. Sathyapal and other, leaders were arrested in Punjab., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 17
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SAMRAT, 7. Against to this Punjab people had assembled, in Jallianwala Bagh on 13th April 1919 during, their Baisaki festival, 8. General Dyer fired at the peacefully, assembled the people and killed around 300, protestors and many were injured, 9. Many leaders opposed this inhuman action, and reacted in their own ways like Tagore, returned his Knighthood awared., 10. Later Udam Singh killed Michael. O. Dyer, Effects/ Impacts of Non-Cooperation, Movement, 1. Because of this the freedom movement had, become as people movement., 2. It helped to achieve the unity between Hindus, and Muslims, 3. The National Movement went to rural areas, also, 4. It provide an entry of women into public, spaces, 5. It worked to remove untouchability, 6. First time Congress took some revolutionary, turns or decisions, , Programmes of Non-Cooperation movement, 1. Boycotting schools, colleges and courts, 2. Boycotting the election for regional legislative, bodies, 3. Returning all the honors and medals given by, the British, , 4. Nominated members to the local bodies, resigning from their membership, 5. Boycotting all the government functions, 6. Boycotting all foreign goods, , Mohammad Ali Jinnah, 1. One of the famous Muslim member of INC., he Joined INC in 1906., 2. He was worked as PS to Dadabhai Navaroji, and solved the Tilak`s litigations with his law, knowledge, 3. Joined in home rule and participated in many, INC`s conferences, 4. He argued in favour Hindu-Muslims unity., 5. He strongly opposed the implementation of, Rowlatt Act, 6. Participated in all the 3 round table, conferences, 7. Came out from the congress and took active, role on Muslim League, 8. He put pressure for the creation of, Independent Pakistan., The Initial Protests of Ganhiji, 1. He was participated in the movement as per, the guidance of Gokhale., 2. Toured entire India to understand the reality, of the country, 3. He established Sabaramathi Ashram at, Ahmadabad in 1916, , 4. He stood in the favour in Farmers, Labours,, Daliths, Workers, Tribal and other issues, 5. He launched champaran Movement in 1917 in, support of Indigo growers, 6. In 1918 he started a movement in support of, the Mill workers of Ahmadabad, 7. In 1918 he started another movement in, Kheda village of Gujarath to oppose land taxes, 8. In his movement he used Truth, Non-Violence, and Sathyagraha ideals as his strong weapons., , Developments During the NonCooperation Movement, 1. Many senior lawyers like Chittaranjandas,, Motilal Nehru, Rajendraprasad left their legal, practice, 2. Students boycotted schools and colleges, 3. Congress boycotted the election for regional, bodies, 4. Many National institutions were established, like Kashi vidyapeetha, Bihar vidyapeetha, etc., 5. Many leaders returned their awards given by, British like Tagore `knighthood`, 6. Common people donated liberally to the, congress and started use domestic goods, 7. The visit of Prince of Wales in 1921 was, opposed, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 18
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SAMRAT, Chauri Chaura Incident, 1. As per the call of Gandhi the people of Chauri, Chaura involved them self in the NonCooperation movement, 2. The police officers beaten the congress, leaders of village when they were protesting, peace fully in front of an arrack shop, 3. Against to this incident around 3000 farmers, assembled in front of the police station on 5th, February 1922, 3. The police started shooting from the inside, the station. Protestors got an angry with this, they torched the police station, 4. As a result of it 22 policemen were lost their, life and rest of the staff wounded, 5. When this movement took violent Gandhi, realized to withdraw the movement., 6. British arrested Gandhi as a responsible, person for all the violent uprisings., Civil Disobedience Movement, 1. British appointed Simon commission in 1927, to study the effects of Montagu-Chelmsford Act, 2. People arranged Bundhs and Hartals against, the arrival of commission in the different places, like Bombay, Lahore and Madras and protested, with slogans like `Simon Go Back`, 3. Due the death of Lala Lajapath Roy in the, laticharged this movement took into another, shape, 4. British delayed to implement the, recommendation of Motilal Nehru`s committees, and failed to full fill the 11 demands of Gandhi., , 5. In the Lahore congress session Jawaharlal, Nehru demanded for Poorna Swaraj. With this, inspiration Gandhi gave call for this movement., 6. As per the call of Gandhi people decided not, to follow the rules and not to support British, administration., 7. Many people refused to pay the tax to British, and involved themselves into the Salt, Satyagraha and other movements, Dandi March, 1. This movement started as a part of Civil, Disobedience Movement., 2. British rejected the 11 demands of Gandhi. So, that`s why he gave call to this movement., 3. To break the salt tax he started to march with, his followers from his Sabaramathi Ashram to, Dandi on 12th March 1930., 4. By covering 375 kms on foot he reached Dandi, and broke the law by holding a fistful salt, without paying the tax., 5. Charaka became more famous during this, march., 6. Many leaders were participated in this, movement like Vijayalakshmi Pandit, Kamala, Nehru, and Rajagopalachari. Babu Rajendra, Prasad and other., 7. British arrested Gandhi and his followers, those who had participated in this movement., Round Table Conferences, British arranged this conference at London to, take the Indian support., , FIRST, 1. Representation was given to untouchable, community., 2. The imprisoned leaders like Gandhi an d many, other wee released from the jail., 3. This conference approved Dominion status,, Responsible Government and Religious, Representation., 4. Dr. Ambedkar, M.R.Jayakar, Jinnah, Srinivas, Shastry and other leaders were participated in, this conference., 5. Congress had not participated in this, conference so that`s why First table conference, has remained as incomplete., SECOND, 1. As per the Gandhi-Irwin pact congress, stopped Civil Disobedience Movement and, Gandhi accepted to participate in Second, conference., 2. Gandhi, Dr. Ambedkar, Jinnah and other, leaders were participated., 3. Ambedkar pressed for a separate electoral, constituency for untouchables., 4. British stood in the favour of Ambedkar and, announced separate electoral constituencies for, the untouchables and implemented communal, Award, 5. Gandhi was strongly opposed it. And started, Fasting unto Death., 6. Due to the Ideological differences between, Ambedkar and Gandhi this conference also, ended without any conclusion., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 19
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SAMRAT, 7. Gandhi and Ambedkar were come for, compromise as per the provisions of Poona Pact., THIRD, 1. British organized this conference to, instructed for the formation of federal, government at the center and provincial, government at the states., 2. Congress was not ready to accept this hence it, was not participated in this conference., 3. Ambedkar, Jinnah and other few leaders only, participated., 4. This conference also ended with no results., Quit India Movement, 1. British announced India`s war on Germany, without consulting Indians. Hence Gandhi was, disappointed., 2. To gain the Indian support British sent Cripps, mission to India., 3. The proposals of Crips was not accepted by, congress especially all states will have liberty to, be part of the new federation or not., 4. Gandhi was started this movement by giving, call `Do or Die`. He said to British Quit from, India., 5. Rajendra Prasad, Azad, Patel, Acharya, Kripalini, Kasur Ba and other were participated., All these leaders including Gandhi was, imprisoned by British., 6. Non congress organizations led this, movement under the leadership of Jaya Prakash, Narayan., , 7. By forming the Freedom Struggle Front group, they trained factory workers. They took the, common people support and money., 8. The role of Subhas Chandra Bose was un, predictable. But Muslim league was not, extended its support to this movement and not, participated also (Due to Vimukthi Diwas) ., The Partition Of India, 1. In the Lahore session of Muslim League in, 1940 Jinnah declared that Hindus and Muslims, cannot make one nation., 2. After the second world war The Labour Party, which came to power in England. Try to find, solution for the political problems of India., 3. British sent its cabinet mission to India to, solve this problem., 4. Mission had discussed with Muslim and, congress leaders. It recommended for a federal, form of government and an Interim government., Also suggested for the formation of Constituent, assembly to form own constitution., 5. Muslim League called for Direct Action Day on, 16th August 1946 against the proposals of, Missions., 6. League created communal clashes in various, parts of the country and not participated in the, constituent assembly., 7. British again sent Lord Mountbatten as, Viceroy to India and said to solve the political, problems in India., 8. Mountbatten discussed with both leaders and, prepared his plan for the partition of India. His, , plan became as India Independence Act on 14th, August 1947., 9. As per his two nation policy he declared, Independence to Pakistan on 14th August and for, India on 15th August., 10. Radcliffe commission marked the boundaries, between the two nations. Jawaharlal Nehru, became the first Prime Minister of India., , Subhash Chandra Bose, 1. One of the great freedom fighter who is, popularly known as Netaji. Though he had, secured 4th rank in ICS exam, he refused posting, and involved in freedom movement., 2. He gave the call that Give me your blood, I will, get you Indian Independence, 3. He became the president of Haripur and, Tripura congress session. Due to the difference, opinion between him and Gandhi , he came out, from the congress and opposed the soft, approach ., 4. He was organizing the Indians residing outside, India. He toured many places like Vienna. Berlin,, Rome etc. took the foreign support also, 4. He and Jawaharlal Nehru founded another, political party called Congress Socialist Party., 5. He established Forward Block, with this he, started to opposed British, 6. As that he was arrested by British. Escaped, from there and reached Germany. He, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 20
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SAMRAT, broadcasted his speeches over Azad Hind Radio, to Indians., 7. Bose joined the hands of Rose Behari Bose to, seek the support of japan. There he established, Indian Independence League. Indian National, Army was its military wing. With that bose, started Delhi Chalo, 8. Planned to attack India through Rangoon., Reached Burma border there struggle with, British., 9. Bose died in airplane crash. Its became a, major setback to INA., , 7. Became the chairperson of Drafting, committee and gave shape to Indian, constitution became the architecture of Indian, constitution. Provided many facilities for, backward class try to get equality in society., Hence he is called as Son of Backward class, 8. Worked as the first law minister of, Independent India., 9. Fed-up with Hindu caste system and became, the follower of Buddhist., 10. Government honored him by giving Bhatatha, Rathna ., , Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. B.R..Ambedkar, 1. He believed that political freedom without, social freedom is meaningless. last man in the, society was also enjoy the benefits ., 2. He studied Case system and opposed the ill, practice of untouchability. He organized Mahad, and Kalaram movement to oppose it, 3. He participated in all the three round table, conference in the favour of back word class., 4. He demanded separate electorate, constituencies for untouchables., 5. He worked as Dewan to Baroda Maharaja,, member of bomby legislative council. Member, of Viceroy`s legislative council., 6. Came out from the congress and founded, Bahiskrut Hithakarini Sabha and Swatantra, Karmika Party. published periodicals like, Prabhudha Bharatha, Janatha, Mookanayaka, and Bahishkrutha Bharatha., , 1. He was the first prime minister of, Independent India. Popularly known as Chachaji., Also called as Architecture of Indian foreign, policy., 2. He said that congress completely support to, democracy not for socialism., 3. As a prime minister he gave importance to the, development of Industries and agriculture. for, that he implemented five years plans in India, 4. By following nonaligned policy during cold war, he was maintained good relationship between, USA and Russia, 5. Maintained good relationship with china by, singing for Panchasheela principles, 6. Given importance to mixed economy, 7. With the help of Patel successfully merged the, princely states into Indian union. Formed the, language based states to maintain the unity, among the Indians, , 8. Led the foundation for the development of, atomic energy under the leadership of H.J.Baba, 9. Maintained for better relationship with, foreign countries. He lost his life in 1964., , Workers Revolts, 1. This revolt was started to stop the, exploitation of workers and to get facilities., Struggle started in Calcutta in 1827. The workers, of Jute and cotton mills along with railway, workers., 2. Workers started protect by boycotting their, work and raising slogans against the British, officers in different places., 3. Many labour associations were established, and worked to create national awareness., 4. The congress party was also supported to, them, , Tribal Revolts, 1. Tax and forest policies implemented by British, were became the cause for this revolt, 2. Santala, Kola, Munda and Halagali Beda`s, revolts were notable revolts, 3. Santala revolt is most important in India., These people present in the hilly areas of Bengal, and Odisha states., 4. Zamindari system made them as land less, people and Zamindars exploits the tribe people., 5. People upset and looted the wealth of, Zamindars and money lenders., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 21
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SAMRAT, Speared In Bhathpur, Barahath and Rajamahal, areas. Killed many zamindars and money, lenders., 6. British very easily took control overt on it, , Formers Revolts, 1. Congress and Marxist people were also, supported to this revolts., 2. Many farmers opposed British land reforms,, land tax, low wages and Indigo cropping., 3. Protest started in Champaranya district., 4. Gandhi convinced the British officers through, his sathyagraha. Did many activities in, Chmaparanya, Khedha and other places., 5. Farmers of Tebhaga, Malabar,Telangana,, Bengal and other places farmers were also, supported, 6. Strong protest started under the banner of, Kisan sabha by the influences of leftists., 7. All the farmers were also supported to noncooperation movement and civil disobedience, movements., 8. British failed to control the revolt but, suppressed the effects of the revolt., , POST INDEPENDENT INDIA, Princely states which not agreed to join Indian, union:1. Junaghad 2. Kashmir 3.Hyderabad, Effects of the partition of India:1. Increased Communal crisis, 2. Raised Financial crisis, 3. Backwardness of industries and trade, 4. More refugees came to India, How was Indian government solved communal, violence:1. By adopting secular values, 2. By following universal administration and, rules, 3. By its strong administration, 4. By following principle of equality, 5. By giving importance to each and every one, Why Nehru was willing to adopt secular, Nation:1. The bad effects from the communal violence, that took place soon after independence, 2. Because we don’t have common religion in, India, 3. It is badly effects on administration and, nation’s development, , 4. It damages the respect and unity of the, people, List the problems faced by India from refugees:1. Shelter problem, 2. Basic facilities problems, 3. Food problem, 4. Citizenship problem, 5. Law and order problem, How did India solved the refugees problems:1. Government of India provides shelter from, them in Tripura. Meghalaya and Assam, 2. By providing basic facilities for them, 3. By providing job opportunities, 4. By giving financial support, 5. By giving citizenship, How did government solved Tibet crises /, Refugees :1. Government sanctioned 3000 acres of land to, them at Bylakuppe, 2. By providing basic facilities for them, 3. By providing job opportunities, 4. By giving financial support, , Why Vallabhabai Patel called as Iron man of, India:1. Successfully merged the 562 princely states, into Indian Union, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 22
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SAMRAT, 2. Very bravely solved the communal and, refuges problems as a home minister of India, 3. Gave more importance to national unity and, ready to do anything for that., 4. By doing police action he took control over, Hyderabad, 5. He merged it to India by sending military, force to Junagadh., How the following princely states merge with, Indian union:JUNAGADH:1. Nawab had signed the agreement to join with, Pakistan. Citizens protested against him and his, decisions, 2. Nawab ran away from the state and Dewan of, Junagadh requested with India to send military, 3. As per that our government sent military, force and took control over it in 1949, HYDERABAD:1. Nizam want to be an independent ruler hence, he was not joined to either India or Pakistan., 2. Farmers revolt against him and Zamindars., 3. Common people got angry on Razakars. A, cruel army of Nizam, 4. India had sent its army to fight against Nizam, and Razakaras. By defeating the both India took, control over it in 1948., , JAMMU AND KASHMIR:1. Harisingh wants to be an independent ruler., But it was not tolerated by Pakistan, 2. Pakistan provocative the tribal Muslims of, Kashmir to creates more problems in the state, 3. Harishing was failed to control it and asked, the support of India, 4. By sending our military forced we took control, on tribal Muslims and also on Kashmir in 1947, PONDICHERRY:1. It was a place under the control of French, after the independence also, 2. congress and communist started strong, protests to merge it into the Indian union, 3. Government also took it as very seriously. As, the whole effects of these things it was merged, to India in 1954, 4. In 1963 it became as union territory of India, GOA:1. It was a place under the control of Portuguese, after the independence also, 2. Government ordered them to vacate Goa. But, they brought more army from Africa and Europe, to hold control over Goa, 3. Against their decision and work protests, started all over India., 4. Many sathyagrahis and our defense force, entered Goa, 5. Portuguese failed to face it. that`s why they, vacate Goa in 1955, , The French areas in India after the, independence:1. Pondicherry, 2. Mahe, 3. Chandranagar, 4. Karikal, , Name The President and Members of state, Reorganization Commission:President:- Fazal Ali, Members:- K.M.Pannikker and H.N. Kunjru, Process of State Reorganization based on, language:1. There was a huge demand and protests to, farm states based on language, 2. Potti sriramulu was the first person who did, 58 days fasting for the creation of Telugu state., as per his effort vishalandhra formed in 1953, 3. After this many protests started to form their, own states based on own langue, 4. To solve this government formed state, reorganization commission under the president, ship of Fazal Ali members Pannikkar and Kunjru, 5. As per that reports 14 states and 6 union, territories were formed, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 23
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SAMRAT, , Problems of Independent India:1. Integration of princely states, 2. Economic backwardness, 3. Formation of our own constitution, 4. Strengthening the military force to protect our, nation, 5. Adaptation of our new foreign policy, 6. Formation of our own government, 7. Communal and refuges problem, 8. Reorganization of states based on languages, , THE POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE 20TH, CENTURY, , Causes for the first world war, 1. The Industrial Revolution that took place in, Europe, 2. Imperialism and colonialism policy, 3. The aggressive Nationalism, 4. Development of science and technology, 5. Militarism and arms competition, 6. Formation of Triple Entente and Triple, Alliance groups, 7. Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, 8. The Balkan problems., , Results/ effect of the First World War, 1. Germany forcefully sign for the treaty of, Versailles., 2. The empires of Austro-Hungary and ottoman, empires lost their existence, 3. Germany lost most of its geographical areas, 4. The physical map of the Europe underwent, change., 5. Many new and small countries emerged in, Europe., 6. League of Nation came into existence to, prevent the war in future, 7. Extreme nationalism brewed in the defeated, nations, 8. Germany had to pay more war penalty., 9. it was impacted on the ordinary life of, Germans and Germany`s economic conditions., Treaty of Versailles, 1. Germany had to pay 6600milion pounds as, war penalty., 2. it was impacted on the ordinary life of, Germans and Germany`s economic conditions., 3. Germany lost most of its geographical areas, 4. Industries started to decline in Germany, 5. Many problems like unemployment, poverty, and others economic issues rose in Germany., 6. This aided the growth of dictators in Germany, 7. Germany was disarmed. And forced to, reduced is army strength, 8. Many restrictions imposed on Germany, , Causes for the second world war, 1. The failure of the League of Nations., 2. The rise of Dictatorship in Germany and Italy, 3. over Nationalism, 4. Arms competition and Militarism, 5. The Great Economic Depression, 6. Germany`s revenge attitude towards Triple, Entente, 7. Germany`s attack on Poland on 01/09/1939, 8. The partial provisions of the treaty of, Versailles, Results / effects of the second world war/ Most, heinous and devastating war in the history of, human civilization, 1. UNO came to existence in the place of League, of Nations., 2. Winning countries like USA, England etc, became the permanent members of UNO, 3. Caused for utmost misery and death in the, human history, 4. It brought the social, political and economic, changes in the world, 5. USSR and USA became powerful rival, countries in the world and it led for cold war, 6. The colonies of Asia and Africa were able to, achieve their independence, 7. Most of the European countries lost their, moat of the colonies in the world, 8. World witnessed the bad effects of Nuclear, Weapons, 9. Many cities like Hiroshima lost its existence, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 24
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SAMRAT, Effects of the Chinese revolution /, Contributions of Mao-Tse-Tung as president of, china, 1. Community farming was introduced in china, 2. All were provided with free health, education, and other facilities., 3. Importance was given to science and, technology, 4. Industries rapidly developed in China, 5. The private property was converted into, public property., 6. Leap Forward programme was planned and, implemented., Role of Mao-Tse-Tung in Chinese revolution/, Communist party, 1. After the death of Sun-Yat-Sen Kuomintang, party and communist party worked together. It, groomed movements in rural and city areas., 2. He started a Long March protest against the, inhuman work of Chiang-Kai-Shek., 3. Communist party defeated japan during, Second World War. And occupied many areas, and introduced land reforms., 4. With their reforms party gained the support, of common people., 5. They took control over most of the cities of, china .Because of this Chiang-Kai-Shek run away, to Taiwan., 6. Party declared Mao-Tse-Tung as the president, of china., , Role of Chiang-Kai-Shek in china`s revolution, 1. He led the Kuomintang party after the death, of Sun-Yat-Sen., 2. With the help of his army he started attacking, the communist party`s areas., 3. He was killed nearly 70,000 revolutionaries, (Communists) during his attacks., 4. when many areas came under the control of, communist party Chiang-Kai-Shek run away to, Taiwan., Role of Lenin in Russian Revolution, 1. He was the famous leader of Bolshevik party., 2. He was guided to farmers and workers in, Russia, 3. Being a president of Russia. He was promised, to provide `Peace, Food and Land`. For every, one, 4. Implemented many poetical and economic, policies in Russia., 5. Worked to improve the condition of Health,, Education and residence in country, 6. Gave more importance for the development, of Industries, Trade and commerce, banking, in, Russia, 7. He introduced the New Economic Policy in, 1921., 8. he was the first person to implement Karl, Mark`s scientific communism in Russia, 9. Salved many internal and external problems, with the help red army and his secret police, force, , 10. Such a legendary person passed away on 21st, January 1924., Role of Stalin, 1. Became the president of Russia after the, death of Lenin., 2. Implemented five years plans in Russia., 3. Built USSR as a formidable opponent to USA, 4. Led the USSAR army during the Second World, War, 5. Launched the first satellite in the history of, human civilization. Yuri Gagarin became the first, Astronaut of the world., 6. Gave more importance for the development, of science and technology, 7. Extended his support to the independence, movements of countries of Asia, Africa and, South America, Causes for the Russian Revolution, 1. The autocratic and inefficient rule of Tsars in, Russia., 2. Exploitation of farmers and labours by land, lards, 3. Role of Philosophers and their writing, 4. Bloody Sunday, 5. Defeated of Russia by a small country like, Japan., Triple Entente/ Allies, England, France, Russia, USA, Italy, Serbia,, Canada, South Africa, Triple Alliance/Axis, Germany. Japan, Austria, Hungary, Italy ,, Ottoman Empire,, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 25
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SAMRAT, February Revolution/ Mensheviks, 1. Russians fed up with the administration of, Tsars, 2. Land lards started to exploit the farmers and, labourers, 3. a small country Japan easily defeated Russia, 4. labours and farmers arranged protest, demanding food, 5. All together joined their hands and rebelled, against Tsar Ruler Nicholas II. Under the, leadership of Kerensky, 6. Nicolas failed to control it and ran away from, the country. A provisional government was, established under the leadership of Kerensky., 7. This revolution is called as February, Revolution, Bolsheviks / October Revolution, 1. Kerensky was also failed to full fill the, promises what he made before the revolution, 2. Provisional government continued its, participation in First World War., 3. Mensheviks government reformers was not, brought radical changes in Russia, 4. People rebelled for Peace, Food, land and, Security in Russia, 5. Lenin took the leadership of the revolt and by, over throwing Menshevik government he, became the president of Russia., 6. It was known as October Revolution., , How was Communalism collapsed in Russia, 1. Stalin made many mistakes while trying to, make Russia as a power full country., 2. As a result many of the leaders started to, oppose the works of Stalin., 3. Gorbachev took the leadership and, implemented Glasnost in 1985 and Perestroika, in 1987. By doing this he democratized Russia., Features of Fascist part / Fascism/ Nazism, 1. Ultra Nationalism, 2. Racial Superiority, 3. Patronizing violence, 4. Idea of destroying the other national forces, 5. Expansion of national boundaries, 6. Support of human executions, 7. More importance to state only., Nazi ideology destroy the Germany/ How Hitler, himself became responsible person for the, decline of Germany, 1. He banned workers union and political parties, and declared that Nazi party as the only party of, Germany., 2. He put forward the supremacy of German, race theory and spread ultra-Nationalism, 3. He advocated that Germans are the superior, race of the world and they are the only fit to rule, the world., 4. He declared that Jews, Communists, Socialists, and Catholics are also the reason for the, problems of Germany so that they are unfit to, live., , 5. He appointed Gobbles and a cruel army, named Brown shirts to spread the theory of, Nazism., 6. He implemented Nuremberg Laws and killed, many Jews in Holocaust incident., 7. He utilized the government to kill the people, and not for rule., How did Hitler became more power full person, in Germany, 1. Hindenburg appointed him as the chancellor, of Germany. After his death Hitler became the, president of Germany., 2. He declared him as Fuhrer., 3. By taking the help of Industrialists he, suppressed the socialists and communists., 4. He banned workers union and political parties, and declared that Nazi party as the only party of, Germany., Name the crisis emerged during the cold war, situation, 1. Korean war,, 2. Vietnam war,, 3. The Suez Canal Crisis,, 4. The Berlin Crisis,, 5. The Cuban Missile Crisis, Cold War, Meaning:The mistrust, weapons competition and fear, that emerged between the democratic block and, communist block under the leadership of USA, and USSR., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 26
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SAMRAT, Agreements of USA:1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization- NATO, 2. South East Asian Treaty Organization- SEATO, 3. Central East North Treaty OrganizationCENTO, Agreements of USSR:1. Warsaw Organization., Effects of the Cold war, 1. The competition to stockpile weapons grew, 2. USA gained upper hand in this competition, 3. Both blocks entered into many agreements, 4. It formed many military organizations, 5. Huge arms manufacturing factories were, formed, 6. The competition for nuclear weapons, increased, 7. The entire world entered into an invisible, tension., 8. USA has remained as the only powerful, country after this., Effects/outcome of Economic Crisis on USA, 1. USA was not experienced stagnation in, economic development, 2. Output dropped in automobiles and, agriculture, 3. Consumer durables manufacturing also drop, out, 4. Mining, Ship building and many other, industries started to decline, 5. It created many political issues in USA, , Measures to reduce the regional imbalance:How did USA come out from Economic Crisis, 1. USA had helped the Triple Entente with, money and soldiers, 2. He encouraged women to work in public, spear, 3. By wining wars, 4. By crating many reforms in economic field like, New Deal., 5. Increased working hours, employment, opportunities and reduced expenditures, 6. USA has achieved economic stability, , 1. By implementing special programmes for, backward areas, 2. By giving special status for an area under, article 371, 3. By appointing special committees and, implementing its recommendations, 4. By following the decentralization of power, 5. By developing science, technology and, industries in those areas., Effects of regional imbalance:1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Harmful to overall development, Cause for protests and strikes, Become Cause for dividing the area, Damages to peace in the society, Damages to unity, Badly effects on administration, Still the status of women is in low why:-, , POLITICAL SCIENCE, , PROBLEMS OF INDIA AND THEIR SOLUTIONS, , 1. Poverty 2. Social customs, 3. Illiteracy 4. Lack of opportunities, 5. No encouragement, 6. Male dominance attitude., , Mention of various forms of corruption:-, , Actions taken by the Government to improve, the status of women:-, , 1. Bribery,, 2. Caste favoritism,, 3. Nepotism, 4. Intentional slowdown of the work, , 1. Established women and child development, department, 2. Improving women education, 3. By improving health facilities for women, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 27
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SAMRAT, 4. By curbing the problems like dowry, child, marriage, child labour etc, 5. By implementing stree shakthi programme, through self-help group, 6. By providing reservation for them in politics, and education, 7. By establishing women commission at various, level, 8. Government should provide subsidy for them, to do self-employment., Effects of Terrorism:1. Creates a lot of loss for the individual as well, as communities, 2. Creates psychological pain, 3. Badly effects on cultural aspects (negatively), 4. Creates violence in the society, 5. Creates fear and tension in people, Factors influence / cause /on Terrorism:1. Extreme religious sentiments, 2. Separatism,, 3. Racialism,, 4. Leftist ideals, List out the methods/tricks/ general using by, Terrorists to achieve their goal:1. Bombing, 2. Suicide bombing, 3. Kidnapping, 4. Attack on areas, buildings, 5. Hijacking bus, trains, plains, , On which places general Terrorists attacks:1. Railway stations, 2. Airports, 3. Busy markets, 4. Busy streets, 5. Famous buildings, 6. Companies and industries, Measures/ methods/ Steps taken by India to, curb Terrorism:1. By the effective use of defense force, 2. By appointing special tasks forces, 3. By giving harsh punishments for them, 4. By following strong administration, , Measures to control Unemployment, 1. Improve the skill based education, 2. Government should generate employment, schemes, 3. Improve the job oriented courses, 4. Encourage to cottage industries, 5. Encouragement to self-employments, opportunities, 6. Giving equality to all the sectors, 7. Decreasing the use of science and technology., , Effects/ social evil-How/ of Corruption, Causes for Unemployment, 1. over population, 2. over dependency on agriculture, 3. Lack of skill education, 4. Decline of cottage and small scale industries, 5. Development of science and technologies, 6. Lack of good administration, 7. Shortage of natural resources., , Effects of Unemployment, 1. It cause for increase poverty, 2. Cause for decrease national and per capita, income, 3. Decrease the standard of living life, 4. Cause to increase anti-social activities, 5. Cause for backwardness of nation, 6. Creates migration problem, 7. Decrease country`s GDP and HDI rates, , 1. Increases immoral activities in society, 2. Not good for country`s development, 3. Needed people not get the governmental, benefits, 4. It damages the concept of quality, 5. It damages the value of rules and regulations, 6. Have`s starts to exploit the haven’t, 7. It breaks the unity and peace in society, , Things comes under Political Corruption, 1. Tax evasion, 2. Illegal hoarding, 3. Smuggling, 4. Economic offences, 5. Cheating, 6. Violence of International exchange, 7. Employment cheating, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 28
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SAMRAT, , Measures to Eradicate/control Corruption, 1. Implementation of good administration, 2. Implementation of strong supervision, 3. Installment of CC TV cameras, 4. Increase number of courts and judges, 5. By giving harsh punishment, 6. Establishment of lokayuktha and lokapal, 7. Giving awareness to people through good, education, , Effects of Communalism, 1. Its cause for social groups, 2. Its damages peace in society, 3. It damages public and private property, 4. It cause for economical hatefulness, 5. Cause for social insecurity, 6. Damages the unity and integrity, 7. Effects on the concept of equality, , Measures to control Communalism, 1. Implementation of uniform civil code, 2. Implementing secular values, 3. Improve equality ideas, 4. By providing best administration, 5. Healthy national thoughts, 6. Proper education to all, 7. Giving opportunities to all, , The positive aspects / Advantages / Merits of, Corporate Strategy / CSR Programmes, 1. They help for the country`s development, 2. They create more employment opportunities, 3. Work to reduce the poverty and increase the, standard of life, 4. Help to increase the income of people and, country, 5. Work to salve social problems like, malnutrition, health, illiteracy etc., 6. Provide skill education, Trainings for required, one, 7. They take the adaptation of schools , villages, etc and work for the development of it, 8. They arrange so many camps to extend their, social service for needed people., 9. They give donations for needed one, The Negative aspects / Disadvantages /, Demerits of Corporate Strategy / “Corporate, strategy is the biggest challenge in India”., Substantiate this statement., 1. Administrative measures to reach company, target, 2. Uses globalised environment for their profit, 3. They work for maximising the profits of the, company only., 4. Influence the on the decisions of the, government., 5. They create problems like Unemployment and, poverty in the society by adapting science and, technology., , 6. Give more pressure and tension for, employees to complete the fixed target, 7. Some time they do exploitation for the sake, the goal or target, 8. Rapidly use the natural resources without, concern of future generation, 9. They do cheating for consumers and country, for the sake of their own gain, , FOREIGN POLICY OF INDIA, India foreign policy has considered as Nehru` s, policy why:1. As the first foreign minister he had shaped, and given strength to our foreign policy., 2. In a radio speech on September 7th 1946 he, outlined the foreign policy of India for the first, time to public, 3. Maintained excellent relationship with other, countries during critical conditions during the, early days, List out the benefits received by India due to its, NAM policy:1. Successfully gain faith from both the blocks, 2. It secured financial assistance from USA, 3. It secured military aid from USSER, 4. Up holds the value of sovereignty, 5. Independently have rights to criticize, international issues, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 29
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SAMRAT, Why India is against to imperialism/ No corner, of world shall not have Imperialism – why/, India is against to Apartheid policy why:1. It was badly experienced from British, imperialism, 2. Because of this human would lose his voluble, rights, 3. Because it damages the respect of the country, 4. It curbs the independence / freedom of the, country, 5. It is not good for countries all round, development, 6. It becomes the cause for the backwardness of, the country, How has India following its disarmament policy, presentably:1. By following the article 51, says ours main aim, is establishing international peace and, cooperation, 2. Ours policy aim is strengthening UNO, 3. By maintaining strong and good relationship, with rest of the world countries, 4. By accepting the membership of SAARC,, Common Wealth of Nations and other, organizations, 5. By following the instructions of UNO as the, member of it, , Apartheid policy is against to Humanism How:1. In humanism we never classifies the people, but in apartheid we do it, 2. Humanism gives more importance to human, beings and human values but in apartheid we, give importance to colour not to human and, values, 3. Humanism never creates or encourages, slavery but apartheid creates., , India is considered as one the major country in, the world why:1. Because of its huge population, 2. Because of its strong defense force, 3. Huge natural resources, 4. Science and technology development, 5. Rapid growth in Industries, 6. Because of its effective administration, , Aims of Indian Foreign policy, 1. National security, 2. Enriching national economy, 3. Spreading cultural richness of our country in, other country, 4. Increasing number of friendly nations, 5. Achieving world peace and, co-existence, 6. For mutual assistance, , Factors Influence on the Foreign policy of, India, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , National interest, Geographical interest, Political situations, Economic interest, Military issues, Public opinion, International situation, , Features of Indian Foreign policy, a., b., c., d., e., , Panchasheela principles, Non Aligned policy, Anti-Imperialism, Anti-apartheid policy, Disarmament, , Why Disarmament Necessary, 1. Because it would cause for world wars, 2. Present world has facing cold war, 3. To maintain the world peace and security, 4. For good international relationship, 5. Arms destroy the life and property of nation, and people, 6. It reduce the unwanted arms competition, 7. It helps for the development of trade and, commerce, 8. Helps for the country`s economic, development, 9. Helps for peace full life, 10. Deduce the burden on nuclear weapons, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 30
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SAMRAT, INDIA AND CHINA:-, , Panchasheela principles, 1. Respecting each other sovereignty and, regional interest, 2. Non invasion of each other, 3. Noninterference in internal issues, 4. Mutual cooperation and respect, 5. Peaceful coexistence, , Effects of Arms Race, 1. It is cause for wars and creates violence in the, world, 2. It creates insecurity and damages the peace in, the society, 3. It damages the relationship between, countries and makes them as enemies, 4. It badly effects on international trade and, agreements, 5. It pulls down the countries all round, development, 6. It damages the life and properties of human, beings., Eye to Eye Foreign policy followed by, 1. Lal Bahurdar Shastri, 2. Indira Gandhi., , INDIA`S RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER, COUNTRIES, , Name the members of BRICS:1. Britain,, 2. Russia,, 3. India,, 4. China And, 5. South Africa, , USA`s foreign policy is considered as anti-India, and pro-Pakistan-why:1. Though being a friendly nation of us it is, supporting to Pakistan also, 2. One side its argue against terrorism another, side it extends support to Pakistan to develop it, 3. It is stands in the favor of India but works for, the victory of Pakistan, 4. The oral words of it is towards India but real, action in the favor of Pakistan, Names of the Neighboring countries of India:Srilanka , Bhutan,, Pakistan, Nepal,, Maldives,, Afghanistan, and, Indonesia, , Ancient time:1. Relationship goes back to Mesopotamia and, Sindh civilization time, 2. India`s Buddhism has widely accepted in china, 3. Many Indian rulers had cordial trade, relationship with china since from ancient time, 4. Kautilya`s Arthashasthra revealed the silk, trade between this two nations., 5. Many chine travellers were visited to Indian, rulers court and described the richness of ours, 6. Both countries adopted sovereign republic, principles, 7. India and China singed for Panchasheela, Principles, Factors spoiled the Relationship between, India and China:1. Due to Indo-China war in 1962, 2. Tibet crisis, 3. Border disputes, 4. China`s view on Arunachal Pradesh, 5. China`s cunning economic policy towards, India, 6. Attacks in LOC areas, 7. China`s support to terrorists, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 31
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SAMRAT, The Bilateral/ Improve the Relationship, between India and China:1. Both have highest population, 2. Both have leading economic countries, 3. Both have maintaining good trade relationship, after 1980`s, 4. Both have playing a predominant role in world, issues, 5. Both have the membership in BRICS group, INDIA AND PAKISTAN :Tension / problems /effects on bilateral, Relationship :1. Border disputes, 2. Terrorism, 3. Water disputes, 4. Wars between two countries, 5. Attacks in LOC areas, 6. Jammu and Kashmir issue, 7. Cunning policy of Pakistan towards India,, 8. Pak`s attacks on Parliament, Mumbai and, Pathankot, 9. Pulwama attack in 2019, To Improve the Relationship between Pakistan, and India:1. Tashkent agreement, 2. Shimla agreement, 3. Lahore bus yatra, 4. Agra conference, , Similarities between India and Pakistan:1. Common culture, 2. Practice of Islam religion, 3. Economic ties, 4. Mutual trade relationship, 5. Response towards world issues, natural, calamities and emergence., 6. Life style and practices, Every sovereign country has adopted its own, foreign policy / Why should a country Need to, maintain good Relationship with other, countries:, , 4. Helped to singed for Tashkent Agreement, between these two countries,, 5. India and Russia signed for 20 years, agreement for peace and cooperation in 1971, 6. Russia supported to establish steel plants at, Bhilai and Bhokaro in India, 7. Russia supporting to India for the, improvement of its industries and technology., 8. It is supporting us to get permanent, membership in Security Council of UNO, , INDIA AND USA:Cordial Relationship between:, , 1. For economic improvement, 2. For the improvement of trade, 3. To salve the problems, 4. For the countries development, 5. To main peace and security, 6. For the maximum use of resources, 7. To get good cooperation, 8. For the development of science and, technology., INDIA AND RUSSIA:1. India had maintained good relationship with, Russia during cold war by following Non-Aligned, policy., 2. Russia opposed china`s attack on India during, 1962, 3. Supported to India during Goa liberation in, 1961, , 1. India had maintained good relationship with, USA during cold war by following Non-Aligned, policy., 2. USA extended its support to India during, India-China war. But later it was supported to, Pakistan also., 3. Both have common view to control terrorism, 4. USA supporting to India for the improvement, of science, technology, trade, space science and, education., 5. Both have showing Mutual responsibility, strengthening UNO, 6. Both are trying to maintain global peace, 7. India has maintaining its foreign policy as per, the policies of USA`s Political parties., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 32
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SAMRAT, GLOBAL PROBLEMS AND INDIA`S, ROLE, List out the remained problems in world after, the second war:1. Denial of human rights, 2. Arms race, 3. Economic inequality, 4. Apartheid, 5. Terrorism, Based on what reasons Human rights have, been denied:1. Caste,, 2. Religion,, 3. Race,, 4. Gender, 5. Colour of skin, 6. Nationalism, Steps taken by India to come out from its, economic inequality, 1. By the implementation of Five years plans, 2. By solving problems in the field of Health and, education, 3. By creating more employment opportunities, 4. By controlling its over expenditure, 5. By increasing its economic market, 6. By giving importance for primary, secondary, and territory sectors., 7. By taking foreign aid, , List out the events which provided strength to, Human Rights:1. The American war of independence-1776, 2. The French revolution -1789, 3. The Russian revolution -1917, 4. The Freedom struggle of India, , Explain the role of UNO in the implementation, and maintenance of Human Rights:1. Adopted the universal human rights on 10th, December 1948, 2. Advised to its member nations to adopt and, implements the human rights, 3. Working for the improvement of human rights, 4. Prepared one guideline related to human, rights, 5. Formed one international human rights, commission to protect the human rights, , Explain how India has implanted Human rights, for its citizens:1. By giving fundamental rights to every one, 2. By giving special priority through, constitutional articles, 3. By appointing special commissions for the, protection of human rights, 4. By giving universal adult franchise, , History of implementation of Human Rights, (Denial), 1. American War of Independence-1776, 2. The French Revolution-1789, 3. Unification movements of Italy and Germany, 4. Freedom struggle of India, 5. Effects of World wars, 6. Universal declaration of Human rights by UNO, on 10th December 1948., 7. Preparation of human rights guideline by, UNO., 8. Formation of International Human Rights, Commission., Commissions formed by India for the, protection of Human Rights:1. National commission for Human Rights, 2. National commission for scheduled castes, 3. National commission for scheduled tribes, 4. National commission for backward class, 5. National commission for minorities, 6. National women`s commission, 7. Same committees formed at state level also., Backward countries depending on developed, countries-why, 1. Because of poor science and technology, 2. Backwardness in Agriculture, 3. Poor transport and communication system, 4. Problems are more in Health and Education, fields, 5. More Poverty and Unemployment, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 33
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SAMRAT, Reasons for Economic Inequality, 1. Colonialism and imperialism, 2. Unequal distribution of resources, 3. Globalization, 4. Shortage of capital, 5. Failed to salve the problems, 6. Poor economic plans and programmes, 7. Poverty and unemployment, Agreements signed by USA and USSR to stop, Arms Race, 1. Partial Test Ban Treaty – PTBT, 2. Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty- CTBT, 3. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks – SALT, How developed countries negatively effecting, on Third world Countries, 1. By doing excess spending, 2. Open economy, 3. Globalization policies, 4. Implementing more taxes, 5. Increasing pollution, 6. Increasing the problems, Features of Third World Countries, 1. More population and unemployment, 2. High poverty level, 3. Less national and per capita income, 4. Poor science and technology, 5. Less standard of life, 6. Less priority to Industries and service sectors, 7. More dependence on primary sector, , INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, Name the persons responsible for the, foundation of UNO:1. Russia – Stalin, 2. USA – Roosevelt, 3. England – Churchill, , Why General Assembly of UNO has considered, as a Global parliament:1. Majority countries in the world are the, members in this assembly, 2. It discuss about the global problems and, issues, 3. Works for the world peace and development, , Name the permanent members of Security, Council:USA, England, France, China, Russia, Where is the head office and branch offices of, UNO?, Head office - New York, Branch office in 1 Geneva,, 2 Vienna, 3 Nairobi, , The aims of FAO;1. Development of agriculture, 2. Providing nutritious food, 3. Creation of hunger free communities, 4. Reforming the life of rural people, 5. Fight against poverty, , Why is Security Council considered as Global, Cabinet:1. It discuss about the global problems and, issues, 2. Works for the world peace and development, 3. It only approves the decision of general, assembly, 4. Forms rules and norms for the sake of, cooperation between the members, , The aims of WHO:1. Improving the health of the world community, 2. Address issues like population growth, hunger, and malnutrition, 3. Eradicate the diseases in the world, 4. Working towards freeing the world from AIDS,, Cancer and other diseases, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 34
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SAMRAT, The Aims of UNESCO:1. Working to improve the status of education ,, culture and science in the world, 2. Improving creative thinking, 3. Preserve the world heritages, 4. Giving importance to technical education, The Aims of UNICEF:1. Improve the condition of women and children, 2. Fight against the problems of women and, children, 3. Implementation of various programmes, related to children and women, 4. Collect the funds by sells greeting cards, The Aims of IMF:1. Resolve international economic problems, 2. Helps to develop global commerce and, economy, 3. Gives financially support to nations, 4. Helps for economic stability, , The Aims of IBRD:1. Helps for economic progress, 2. Provide funds for agriculture and transport, 3. Helps to balance the world trade and the, payment process, 4. Provide for the development of international, trade, 5. Provides funds to promote infrastructure., , The Aims of ILO:1. Improve the welfare of the workers, 2. Helps to provide facilities for workers like, health, shelter, and timing, 3. Helps to get special benefits for women, workers, 4. Rise the voice against the problems of Labour, class, 5. Helps to implement minimum wage and other, facilities, The Aims of WTO:1. Solving trades disputes between the nations, 2. Encourages for international trade, 3. Helps for international agreements, 4. Reducing the cost of doing business, internationally, 5. Stimulating the economic growth, 6. Brining the international trade under legal, framework, List our the Regional Cooperation of UNO, 1. Common wealth of Nations, 2. South Asian Association for Regional, Cooperation (SAARC), 3. European Union, 4. Association of South East Asian Nations, (ASEAN), 5. The Organization of African Unity, List the diseases completely eradicated by, WHO?, , Common wealth of Nations, Structure, 1. Earlier it was called as British Common Wealth, of Nations., 2. The King of England is the nominal head of, this organization., 3. There are 54 member states in this, organization, 4. The Prime Ministers, Finance Ministers and, External Affairs Minister of the member states, participate in its meetings, Aims, 1. Upholding the values of Democracy, 2. Protection of freedom, 3. Alleviation of Poverty, 4. Securing world peace, 5. Improving the cooperation among the, membership states, 6. Helping for the development Sports, science, and Arts, Members of SAARC, , 1. India,, 2. Pakistan,, 3. Srilanka,, 4. Nepal,, 5. Bangladesh,, 6. Maldives,, 7. Bhutan and, 8. Afghanistan, , Plague , Cholera , Malaria , Small pox, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 35
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SAMRAT, The Aims of SAARC, 1. Working for economic and cultural progress, 2. Arranging foster mutual ties, 3. Helps for the development of Trade, 4. Working to salve burning issues / problems, among the member countries, 5. Providing a platform to resolve the difference, of opinions, European Union, 1. It is an institution of 28 European countries., Founded in 1993., 2. It provides for common market, common, currency and common agriculture and trade, policy., 3. This is resembles a federal government, structure, 4. Committee, Commission, European, Parliament, European court of Justice are the, sub divisions of this organization, Member Nations of ASEAN, Singapore,, Malaysia,, Indonesia,, Philippines,, Thailand,, Cambodia,, Myanmar ( Burma),, Vietnam,, Laos and, Brunei., , Aims of ASEAN, 1. Foster mutual trade cooperation, 2. Aiding social and Economic ties, 3. Achieving progress in cultural, technology,, scientific, and administrative fields, 4. Achieving all round development of member, nations, Aims / Functions of African Unity (union), 1. Having regional agreements for developments, 2. Working for equality, freedom and unity, among all the African Nations., 3. Condemning the policy of Imperialism and, colonialism, 4. Maintaining the mutual assistance between, the member nations, 5. Functioning against the ill practices of, Apartheid., AIMS OF UNO, 1. Safeguarding international peace and security, 2. Fostering co-operation among nations, 3. Improving the faith in human rights, 4. Exploring solutions to various economics,, social. Cultural and other problems of member, nations, 5. Providing recognition to international, agreements and conditions, 6. Striving to build mutual trust and co-operation, among countries, , Affiliated Bodies of Un, 1. General Assembly, 2. Security council, 3. Economic and Social committee, 4. Trusteeship council, 5. International court of Justice, 6. Secretariat, UNO`S GENERAL ASSEMBLY, STRUCTURE: 1.This body has consisting of representatives, from all the member states., 2. Every country sends five representatives to, this body but they have only one vote power., 3. Members of this body have select president, and 17 vice presidents through elections., 4. 193 is the total members of this body, FUNCTIONS:1. Elect one president and 17 vice presidents for, a period of year, 2. Uno`s budget has approved by this body, 3. Special seasons arranges in case of emergence, 4. Discuss the global problems and issues, 5. Select the chairmen’s for different, committees, 6. By the majority of 2/3 general assembly, changes takes place in UNO, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 36
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SAMRAT, Security council, Structure;1. It is an organ which is consists of totally 10, members., 2. Among that 5 are permanent (USA. Russia,, England, China and France) and 10 are nonpermanent., 3. Non-permanent members elect for a period of, 2 years from general assembly., Functions:1. Discuss about the global issues and problems, 2. Select the judges for international court of, justices, 3. It also has right to suggest the name for, secretary of general of UN, 4. It deploys UN peace keeping force, 5. The permanent members of this council have, Vito power, , Functions:1. Conducting studies on economic, social,, cultural, education and health issues, 2. Takes preview of the problems like refuges,, women, housing and many other, 3. Discuss on human rights, 4. Organizing conferences on human resources, and culture., 5. It coordinating the functions with ILO and, FAO, WHO., , Achievements of UNO, Peace keeping functions: 1. Uno has solved many conflicts between, nations., 2. It works for the protection of human rights, and world peace., 3. It has resolved crisis of Suez canal, Iran,, Indonesia, Kashmir, Korea, Arab-Israel, etc., 4. It works on disarmament also .it successfully, ended the cold war., , Economic and social council ;Structure:1. the council has consists of 54 members . 18, members of the council are elected once in, every three year., 2. They chose one among them as the, chairperson of the council., , Economic and Financial achievements: 1. It works for the uplift of socio-economic, status of the people as well as country., 2. Helps for the smooth international trade, by, providing financial assist and agreements, (GATT)., , 3. Appointed many committees for the, supervision of international trade and business., 4. By its various organizations it helps for the, nation’s economic development., 5. Arranges many developmental programmes, to ensure the economic growth., , Social achievements:1. Worked for the implementation and, protection of human rights., 2. UNO has played decisive role in the removal, of Apartheid, colonialism and Imperialism., 3. Provides social security for people as well as, country, 4. Many of its organizations like WHO,, UNESCO,UNICEF etc works for the development, of health, education , women and children in the, world., 5. Fighting against many diseases., , Aims or Functions of ILO:1. Works for the welfare of workers, 2. Provides health facilities for workers, 3. Helps to improve the workers standard of life, 4. Helps to get maternity benefits specially for, women workers, 5. Provides minimum wages, 6. Provides housing schemes for workers, 7. Works for the all-round development of, workers, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 37
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SAMRAT, SOCIOLOGY, SOCIAL STRATIFICATION, Factors responsible for social inequality:1. Gender,, 3. Caste,, 5. Profession, , 2. Class,, 4. Race, , Reasons for social inequality:1. Source of Income, 2. Health facilities, 3. Political representation 4. Education, , Where we can see the social justice aspect of, education:1. Directive Principles, 2. Preamble of the Constitution, Mention the names of varna:1. Brahmins,, 3. Vyshayas, , 2. Kshatriya, 4. Shudras, , Problems of untouchability /, , How it is social evil in our society:1. The lowest position in the social strata, 2. They were kept out of the education, 3. Denial of property right, , 4. Denial of political participations rights, 5. They not allowed enjoying the benefits and, facilities., 6. They always live under exploitation, 7. They were kept out of temples, 8. They kept out from the villages, Untouchables were assigned the lowest, possible position-Justify (works doing by, untouchables by K. Kuppuswamy):1. Anyone who touches the untouchables has to, undergo purification man times, 2. If a person touches the untouchable he could, purify himself with a bath, 3. They were used to prepare footwear in, Malabar region, 4. They were not allowed to touch public well,, tanks, 5. Not allowed them to temples, 6. They should carry the night soil, died animals, and other filthy jobs, Eradication of inequality in Education, a. Article 21A education is fundamental right, to children, b. Article 45 all children under 14 years should, be provided with free and compulsory, education, c. Article 29 protection of cultural rights of, minorities, d. Article 30 establishment of minorities, educational institutions, , e. Article 19 right to speak and right to express, opinion, f. Article 46 government support to education, for SC and ST, g. Article 39 providing social justice and people, welfare of people. is the responsible of state, government, , Features of Social Stratification, 1. It is social in nature, 2. It is universal, 3. It is ancient, 4. It is exist in different ways, , Major forms of Indian social stratification, a., b., c., d., e., , Primitive society, Slavery, Estate system, Varna system, Caste system, , Legal measures to eradicate Untouchability, 1. Article 17 practice of untouchability is, prohibited, 2. Untouchability offense act was implemented, in 1955, 3. Protection of civil rights act in 1976, 4. Implementation of universal fundamental, rights, 5. Providing reservations in education and jobs, 6. Implementation of adult franchises, 7. By giving importance to equality, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 38
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SAMRAT, Reasons for Social Inequality, a., b., c., d., , Income source, Education, Health facilities, Political representation and, participation, e. Professional opportunities, f. Favoritism based on caste, region,, colour, g. Hiding the opportunities, , How our social stratification is differ from, other societies, 1. In other societies its nature and structure, is most similar but in our society it is, completely difference, 2. It is common in all the areas in other, societies but in ours it is different from area, to area, 3. Ours social stratification is based on, karma theory but it is not in other societies, 4. We give priority based on Varna like, Brahmins, Kshatriya, Vyshyas and Shudras., But in Rome it is only between plebeians, and patricians, 5. Presently our social stratification is, influenced by factors like caste, region, where as in other societies it is influenced, more on colour, , 6. We give more importance for social and, physical recognition but in other societies, they won’t give for both, 7. Our social stratification is ancient but, other society’s stratification is not that much, ancient., , List out the acts which belongs to organized, sector works:1. Minimum wages act,, 2. Factories act,, 3. Employees provident fund act, , LABOUR, A society`s need is fulfilled by different, divisions of people-justify this:1. The food which is need for people has, produced by famers and it serviced by many, people., 2. Cloth by weavers and dress are produced by, tailors and it is selling by sellers., Factors create inequality in labour or, employment:1. Gender 2. Region 3.Religion, 4. Caste, Discrimination of labour is not in governmental, sector or organized sector justify:1. This sector wants common qualification for, jobs or works, 2. It is comes under supervision, 3. It is monitories by government and, governmental officers, 4. It comes under specific rules and regulations, 5. The discrimination in this sector can be, question in judiciary, , Examples for organized sector:Schools , Banks , Military, LIC companies ,, Hospitals and Industries etc, Examples for unorganized works:1. Vegetables venders, 2. Fish venders, 3. Loading and unloading workers, 4. Puncture repairers, 5. Vehicle repair, 6. Labours in agriculture, 7. Beedi workers and mine workers, , What do you mean by social security:Means providing basic facilities universally and, publically to led life. Like housing, health, water,, food drinking water, equal opportunity to work, and others is called as social security, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 39
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SAMRAT, , Unorganized sector promotes child labour, how:1. They can work in dangerous environment, 2. It is not that much follows by rules and, regulation, 3. They don`t ask any kind of benefits from, employer, 4. They work without any guarantee for life, 5. They ready to work for les pay, 6. Employer can get more additional benefits, from children, , Why migration is one of the major problem of, unorganized workers/ only in unorganized, sector/ why unorganized workers have facing, migration problem :1. Because of job purpose, 2. Because of social security, 3. To lead life, 4. Because of uncertainty in jobs, 5. Because of less wage, 6. Because of less opportunity, , Factors influence on Division of labour, 1. Age, 3. Capacity, 5. Interest, 7. Talent, , 2. Special skill, 4. Gender, 6. Skill, 8. Taste, , Differences between/ features organized and, un organized workers, , Organized labours, 1. They have rules and regulation, 2. They have fixed and equal labour, 3. They need educational qualification, 4. They have medical facilities, 5. They have fixed working time, 6. They should pay tax, 7. Ex;- Teachers, Doctors., , Unorganized labours, 1. They don’t have rules and regulation, 2. They don’t have fixed and equal labour, 3. They don`t have social security, 4. Don’t need educational qualification, 5. They don’t have medical facilities, 6. They don’t have fixed working time, 7. They should not pay direct tax, 8. Ex;- farmers, labours, , The challenges faced by unorganized, labours, 1. Migration problem,, 2. Child labour, 3. Physical and mental exploitation, 4. Social insecurity, 5. No legal frame work, 6. No medical facilities 7. Don’t have fixed wage, , Facilities enjoys by organized labours, 1. They have social security, 2. They have medical facilities, 3. They enjoys the governmental benefits, 4. They don’t have migration problem, 5. They have equal and fixed salary, , 6. They have fixed time work, Features of Division of Labour, 1. Division of labour is common in every where, 2. It creates many groups in society, 3. It helps for specialization, 4. With this works become very fast, 5. It helps to gain the skill in one field, 6. It helps to full fill the needs of the society, 7. Many factors influence on it like age, gender,, talent etc., 8. It merges many sections of society, Importance /Merits of Division of Labour, 1. It helps to improve the skills or specialization, in work., 2. Work become very fast and perfect, 3. Helps to save the Time and Money, 4. It helps to keep right person in the right place, 5. It helps to utilize the maximum resources and, talent, 6. With this work allotment become very easy., 7. It helps to improve the capacity of the labour., Differences between labour with pay and, without pay/ labour with compensation and, with out compensation, With pay / Compensation, 1. Here Payments based on hours, day or, months, 2. Ex;- Teachers, Building workers, Vehicle, repair garages., 3. Here agreements sign between owner and, worker, 4. workers not work for self-satisfaction, 5. Give more importance to profit, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 40
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SAMRAT, Without pay / Compensation, 1. Here payments has not important, 2. Here work has done for self-satisfaction, 3. No agreements between owners and, workers, 4. Ex;- Mothers works in a family etc, 5. Give importance of service, love and, affections, , SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, , Mention the characteristics / features of Mob:1. It is a temporary assembled group, 2. It is not formed based on relationship, 3. It is formed based on one common interest or, goal, 4. It is a group of different aged people, 5. It is the group formed to show their, dissatisfaction, , Characteristics of mob violence :1. It is a violent behavior of mob, 2. It is not continue for longer duration, 3. Here we can’t see the unity among the people, 4. Anti-social elements may be influence on it, 5. It is a platform for confusions, quick action, and quick decisions, 6. It destroys the public property, 7. Many times it results in major death., , Factors which influence/ motivates on Mob, violence:1. Caste, 2. Region, 3. Religion, 4. Land, 5. Politics, , Mob violence leads to the dominance of antisocial elements / problems/effects:1. It destroys the public property, 2. creates a serious law and order situation, 3. Badly effects on human relationship and, values, 4. It creates communal violence, racial violence, and political violence., 5. Many a times Mob violence result in major, death, , Methods to check / stop / control Mob, violence:1. It can be control through effective use, of police force, 2. By taking military assistance, 3. By salving problem quickly, 4. By taking smooth response, 5. With the help of other governmental, agencies, , Why the people opposed Narmada /silent, valley/Coastal Karnataka /Kaiga plant/ why, appiko and chipko movement started:1. It cause for raising global temperature, 2. To stop the exploitation of nature, 3. To save forest and water resources, 4. It cause for ecological imbalance, 5. To stop the environment pollution and to save, environment, Why women`s movements are very, essential/goals / importance/ significance:1. To stop the exploitation of women, 2. To eradicate gender discrimination, 3. To fight against dowry, rape and other, harassments, 4. To control acid attacks, kidnaps and human, trafficking, 5. To provide rights to women, Why women organized protest against, alcoholism:1. Because its creates many unwanted problems, in family, 2. Labours lose their small earrings to this, addiction, 3. Its spoils the life of rural women, 4. They often forcibly take away money earned, by the wife also, 5. It makes them economically poor and cause, for poverty., 6. It causes for hunger and malnutrition., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 41
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SAMRAT, Write a short note on alcohol prohibition, movement:1. It was the part of chipko and environmental, movement that took place in coastal Karnataka., 2. It was designed by women., 3. Kusuma Soraba was the leader of it. It was, also started in Hassan, Kolar, Mandya, and, Chamrajanagar districts., 4. (Write the any four aims of this movement as, it mentioned above), Short note on environmental movements:NOTE:- kindly write any 4 points why people, opposed the movements along with the below, information, Chipko, Sunderla l Bahuguna was the, leaderAdavani village of Tehri-Gharwal, distrist. Started in the year 1974, Government issued licence to cut down, 2500 tress. People decided to hug the trees, in oirder to protect, Appiko, Panduranga Hegde in 1983.at salyani, village. Contractor moved to cut the tress in, Kalase forest., Narmada, Medha patkar is the leader of this. Dam, across the river Narmada. sardar sorovar, project in Gujarath., , Silent valley, Dam was proposed to build in this valley of, Palghat of Kerala.people from Kerala, Sahitys parishad and wild life enthusiasts, opposed this, , Coastal Karnataka, People of Mangalore . against Mangalore, refineries and petro chemical plant., , Kaiga, Shivarama Karantha was the leader. Uttara, kannada district., List out the contributions/ reforms of D., Devaraja Urs:1. Brought many reforms to uplift the position of, SC and ST, 2. canceled tenancy system and bonded labour, 3. Released farmers from their debt, 4. Brought land reforms and gave land to land, less people, 5. Abolished of carrying night soil on the head, 6. Made tiller is the owner of the land, , Demands / aims of Karnataka State Kyot, Sangha /formers movement:1. To stop unscientific price fixation, 2. Make government to should stop seizure of, the properties of the farmers for their debts, , 3. To salve farmers distress, 4. Levy system should be stopped, 5. Villages should get basic infrastructure, 6. To improve the market facilities, 7. Protest against the Cauvery and Mahadayi, water sharing judgments of the courts, What are the aims / Demands of labour /, trade unions or movements:1. To Implementation of labour related legal, provisions, 2. To improve the better working condition, 3. To oppose the exploitation of the capitalism, 4. For the implementation of 8 hours of shift of, working, 5. To protect the social security of workers, 6. To safeguard the workers’ rights, Farmers Movement:1. Formers movements are most important, during 1980`s ., 2. Movements started with the denial of land tax, and to express their problems., 3. D.Devaraj Urs and Basavalingappa tried to, strengthen the condition of farmers in, Karnataka., 4. When movements turned to grab the, attention of government, they faced many, problems like laticharge. Firing. During the, revolt of Naragunda., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 42
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SAMRAT, 5. Nanjundaswamy founded Karnataka State, Ryot Sangha. With this farmers doing their, protects related to price fixation, debts,, infrastructure, tax and other issues, 6. Even todays also farmers continuing their, movement to improve their condition and to, solve their problems ., List out the names of social Movements:a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , Farmers movements, Labours movements, Bhakti Movements, Freedom Movement, Women`s Movements, Environment Movements, Alcohol Prohibition Movements., , 2. Due to the effects of Industrial revolution, these movements took more significance in, Europe., 3. The aim of the movement is stop the, exploitation of labours from capitalistic, 4. They fought to reduce their working hours as, into shifts (8hours), 5. In recent days many labour unions interlinked, with political parties., , SOCIAL PROBLEMS, , Labour/Trade union Movements:1. Movements started to improve the condition, of labours and to get good salary and other, benefits., , 1. Children below 14 should not be employed in, any sector if it happened 50,000 fine and 2 years, imprisonment on violators, 2. If family members engage them in work they, considered as offender and a fine of 10,000, 3. Adolescent children should not be employed, in any dangerous work. if it is violated 50,000, fine, , List out the social problems of India:1. Child marriage, 2. Hunger and Malnutrition, 3. Child labour, 4. Gender discrimination, 5. Female feticide, 6. Child trafficking, , List out the names of Environment, Movements:1. Jarkhand Mukthi Morcha movement, 2. Chipko movement, 3. Appiko movement, 4. Narmada Bachavo Andolana, 5. Silent Valley Movement, 6. Coastal Karnataka Environment Movement, 7. Movement against Kaiga Nuclear plant., , What are the legal punishments for child labour, under the child adolescent labour prohibition, and regulation act of 1986:-, , Which are the dangerous works doing by, children:1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., , Mining, Production of explosives, Production of combustible products, Iron and steel manufacturing sector, Repair of motor cycle and vehicles, Cement and rubber production, Chemical manufacturing units, , List out the types of actions considered as, sexual offence:1. Unsafe touch, 2. Violence, 3. Exploitation, 4. Harassment, 5. Assault on any children under the age of 18, years, Causes for female feticide/ why it is not, possible to curb:1. Religious beliefs, 2. Prevalence of patriarchal values, 3. Problem of dowry, 4. Issue of property inheritance, 5. Exploitation of girls / women, 6. Lack of education, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 43
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SAMRAT, Effects of female feticide:1. Cause for the difference in sex ration, 2. Badly effects of the concepts of family and, marriage, 3. Increase female honor killing, 4. Cause for the collapse of population, 5. Increase immoral activities and values, , Measure to overcome from malnutrition:-, , 1. By providing nutrition food through public, food distribution system, 2. By increasing people earning capacity, 3. By giving importance to natural, agriculture (organic), 4. By eradicating poverty, , Measures to control feticide:1. By Educating people, 2. By implementing strict rules and regulation, 3. By giving harsh punishments, 4. By giving equal rights to women in society, 5. By implementing Pre-Conception and Pre –, Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act in 1994, (PCPNDT), The aspects of Hunger Index:1. The average of people who receive less than, minimum calorie of food required, 2. The average of children who are below five, years of age and underweight, 3. The mortality rate of children below five years, of age., Effects of hunger and malnutrition/ why it is a, serious problem:1. Cause for anemia, 2. Cause for underweight, 3. Badly effects on physical and mental, growth, 4. Cause for many diseases, , List out the people who considered as, offenders under child marriage act:1. Parents of both side 2. Priest, 3. Photographer, 4. Musicians, 5. Videographer, 6. Vehicle drivers, 7. The printer who printed marriage invitations, 8. Owner of the marriage hall 9. Cook, , List out the importance of Baabalika Sanghas:1. It helps to educated the girls of 11 -18 age, 2. Gives information about their rights, 3. Gives information about health issues and, their health condition/problems, 4. Helps for empowerment, 5. Teach about the different types of cheatings, /problems., , Child Labour:Causes:1. Failure to implement educational policies, 2. Lack of rules and regulations, 3. The poor financial condition of families, 4. Migration of families, 5. Backwardness of agriculture and drought, 6. Greediness of owners to get more profit with, low wage, 7. Failure to implementation of acts., Effects:1. Creates psychological panic in children, 2. Negative effects on their physical growth, 3. Cause for many ill health issues, 4. They missed out from their rights, 5. Creates illiterates, 6. Leads to child marriage and human trafficking, 7. Cause for sexual exploitation, Measures to control:1. Implementation of compulsory education., 2. Implementation good and strong rules and, regulations, 3. Giving more working opportunities to elder, families members, 4. Control of migration, 5. Implementation of acts like child labour, prohibition and regulation act. Adolescent, labour prohibition act., 6. Not to allow children to work and fine to, employer, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 44
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SAMRAT, Sexual offences under the act of 2012:1. Penetrative sexual assault, 2. aggravated penetrative sexual assault, 3. Sexual assault, 4. Aggravated sexual assault, 5. Sexual harassment, 6. Using children for pornographic purpose, 7. Strong pornographic material in any form, commercial purpose, Types of Gender Discrimination as per Amartya, Sen:1. Inequality in birth Rate, 2. Inequality in Infrastructure, 3. Inequality in opportunities, 4. Inequality in ownership, 5. Inequality in family, Child Marriage:Causes:1. The practice of gender discrimination, 2. Lack of education to parents, 3. Lack of implementation of rules and, regulations, 4. Lack of schooling facilities, 5. Families poor condition, 6. Parents believed better to send girl as, possible early., , Effects:1. They never get and enjoy their rights, 2. Increase sexual assaults, 3. They never get education., 4. Creates many health issues like malnutrition,, anemia, abortions, infanticide and HIV, 5. Chance of girl becoming a widow at a young, age, 6. It damages to girls respect, 7. Girls never enjoys their childhood, 8. It badly effects on girl`s physical and, psychological growth and condition., Measures to Control:1. By implementing strong rules and regulations, 2. By lodging complaint against them, 3. By implementing Compulsory schooling,, prevent the school dropouts and 100%, attendance, 4. By giving special importance to girl`s, education, 5. By doing 100% birth registration compulsory, 6. By educating parents through different, programmes., Child Trafficking :Causes:1. Child labour, 2. Child marriage, 3. School dropouts, 4. Poverty, 5. Negligence in families, , 6. Bonded labour, 7. Migration, 8. Inequality and discrimination, 9. Effect of social media, Effects:1. Effects on holistic development of children, 2. Children learns immoral values, 3. Children exploited by other like physically,, psychologically and sexually, 4. Many children ill affected like HIV and other, dieses., 5. It creates many anty -social activities in the, society, 6. It causes for unwanted pregnancy , abortion,, forced pregnancy, 7. Children become drug adductors, Remedies:1. Formation of Baalika Sanghas in the all, anganawadis of the state, 2. By the implementation of free and, compulsory education, 3. By forming women and children trafficking, prevention committees at Grama, Talik and, District, 4. Formation of child rights protection units in, the villages, taluks and districts, 5. Organizing children grama sabha in all the, villages., 6. By implementing strong rules and regulations., 7. By formation of child rights clubs at school, and college level, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 45
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SAMRAT, Parts of Indian Coastal Plain:-, , GEOGRAPHY, INDIA – PHYSIOGRAPHY, Physiographic Divisions or features of India:1. The Northern Mountains, 2. The Northern Great Plain, 3. The Peninsular Plateau, 4. The Coastal Plain and Islands, Parallel ranges of Himalayas:1. Greater Himalayas/ Himadri, 2. Lesser Himalayas / Himachal, 3. Siwalik Hills / outer Himalayas, Highest peaks in Greater Himalayas:1. Mt. Everest 2. Kanchenjunga, 3. Makalu, 4, Dhaulagiri 5. Manaslu, 6. Nandadevi, , Write about Swalik Hills:1. It is also known as foothills of Himalayas., Located to the south of the Himalayas., 2. it is extend from Jammu and Kashmir in west, to Arunachal Pradesh in the east., 3. Its height is 600m to 1500mts and width from, 15 to 150 km. here we have many Doons and, Valleys., , 2. Dhaula Dhar 3. Nagatiba, 5. Mahabharat 6. Darjeeling, , Hill stations in Lesser Himalayas:1. Shimla 2, Ranikhet 3, Mussorie, 4, Nainital, 5, Darjeeling, , Eastern coastal Plain:1. Northern Corcar:-North of Krishna to Calcutta, 2. Coromadal:- kanyakumari to south of Krishna, Difference between Islands, , 1. It is lies between Himalayas and Peninsular, Plateau of India., 2. It is formed by the depositional work of three, river systems namely the Sutlej, Ganga and, Brahmaputra., 3. It is the largest alluvial soil tract in the world, it covers an area of about 7 lakh sq.kms., , 1., 2., 3., 4., , Andaman and Nicobar, Located in Bay of Bengal, It is the group of 204 Islands, Located in the east side of India, Earth quacks and tsunamis are common, , Plateaus in Peninsular Plateau:-, , 1., 2., 3., 4., , Lakshadweep, Located in Arabian sea, It is the group of 43 Islands, Located in the west side of India, Formed by corals, , 1. Aravall, 2. Vindhyan 3. Satpura, 4. Chotanagapur . 5. Malwa, , Valleys in Lesser Himalayas:1. Kashmir 2. Kangra 3. Kulu, , 1. Konkan coast:- Daman to Goa, 2. Karnataka coast:- Goa to Mangaluru, 3. Malabar coast:- Mangaluru to Kanyakumari, , Formation of the Northern Great Plain:-, , Parallel ranges in the lesser Himalayas:1. Pir Panjal, 4. Mussoorie, , Western Coastal Plain:-, , Passes in Western Ghats:1. Borghat 2. Talghat 3. Palghat, , Importance of Himalayas:1. Its acts as natural frontiers, 2. Prevent from foreign invasion, 3. Prevents from cold winds blow from central, Asia, 4. Obstruct the rain bearing winds and causes, for heavy rainfall., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 46
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SAMRAT, 5. It’s a store house of minerals, 6. It is the birthplace of so many rivers, 7. Help to generate hydro-electric power, 8. Here we have think forest and slopes are good, for plantation crops., , Importance of Northern Great Plain:1. It is very suitable for irrigation, 2. Here`s fertile soil and rivers help for the, development of agriculture., 3. It is good for transport and communication, 4. Many pilgrim centers are located here, 5. Its helps for urbanization, 6. Helps for industrialization, 7. It is good for transport, Importance of Peninsular Plateau:1. It is rich in minerals, 2. Here we have thick forest and bio-diversity, 3. The block soil which we have here is good for, agriculture, 4. This region fully influence on south-west, monsoons, 5. It is the birth place of many rivers, 6. It is useful for the generation of hydroelectricity, 7. The hill stations are attracts many people, , Importance of Coastal Plain:1. It is good for foreign trade, 2. It is more useful for fishing, 3. It is help for shipbuilding, 4. It is good for agriculture, 5. Good to production of salt, 6. Many beaches attract tourists, 7. It is also use for internal navigation, , 5 Mumbai, Goa, Mangalore etc important, ports, Eastern plain, 1 lies between eastern ghats and Bay of Bengal, 2 Extend from Subarnarekha to Kanyakumari, 3 isn’t Narrow, steep and rocky, 4 its divided as Northern circar and coromandal, 5 Calcutta, Tuticorin, Chennai etc important, ports, , Difference between Ghats, Western Ghats, 1 these are continuous, 2 these are parallel to west coast, 3 its extend from Tapi valley to Kanyakumari, 4 these are very high, 5 Anamudi is the highest peak, 6 good to hydro-electricity, Eastern Ghats, 1 These are not continuous, 2 these are parallel to east coast, 3 its extend from Mahanadi valley to Niligiri, 4 these are not higher than the western ghats, 5 Armakonda is the highest peak, 6 not good for hydro electricity, Difference between coastal plain, Western plain, 1 lies between western ghats and Arabian sea, 2 extend from Rann of Kutch to Kanyakumari, 3 its narrow, steep and rocky, 4 its divided as Konkan, Karnataka and, Malabar coast, , INDIA – CLIMATE, Why tropical Monsoon type of climate:1. A greater part of India lies in the Tropical, zone, 2. Monsoon winds greatly influence on Indian, climate, Climatic seasons of India:1. The winter season: - December to February, 2. The Summer season:- March to May, 3. The Rainy Season:-June to Mid of September, 4. The Retreating Monsoon season:- Mid of, September to November, , Conventional rain:The rain which occurs during the summer season, due to high (increase) temperature. It is known, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 47
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SAMRAT, with different names in the different parts of, India., 1., 2., 3., 4., , Andhis – Usttar Pradesh, Kalabaisakhis – west Bengal, Mango showers – Kerala, Coffee blossom – Karnataka, , Formation of south west monsoons:1. Since the temperature rises by the end of, summer season,, 2. a low pressure area is developed over central, India. On the other hand there is high pressure, over the Indian Ocean., 3. Hence the moisture laden winds blow from, the south-west towards India. And brings rain to, different parts of the country., , Difference between south west Monsoon, branches:Arabian sea Branch, 1. It`s movie towards west side, 2. Its brings average rainfall in India, 3. Causes for high rainfall in western Ghats, 4. Cause for rain shadow area, 5. Winds Farms on Arabian Sea., 6. The rain decrease as it movie towards the, east side, , 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Formation of North – East Monsoons:1. In early October due to decrease of, temperature low pressure area is gradually, replaces by high pressure over the land mass., 2. A low pressure area is developed over the, Bay of Bengal., 3. As a result the south west monsoon starts, retreating and blows from the North-East, towards the sea. Gives rain to eastern coastal, Plain., , Bay of Bengal Branch, It`s movie towards North and, North- East side, Brings heavy rainfall in India, Causes for high rainfall in north-east, states, Not cause for rain shadow area, Winds farms on Bay of Bengal, Rain decrease as it movie towards, the north-west side., , Climatic seasons of India:The winter season, 1 December to February, 2 sun`s rays fall vertically over the southern, hemisphere, 3 hence temperature and humidity are low., January is the coldest month, 4 the sky is clear, Dew and Fogs are common, 5 cool in north and warm in south, 6 lowest temperature Dras near Kargil, 7 annual rainfall is 2%, The summer season, 1 March to May, 2 sun`s rays fall vertically over the Northern, Hemisphere., 3 hence temperature is high. Ganganagar, receives 49.4`C, 4 Hot, Dry and Sultry are common, 5 convectional rain occurs. Andhis,, Kalabaisakhis, Mango Showers, Coffee, blossom, 6 Annual rain fall 10%, , Factors influence on climate, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., h., , Location, Distance from water bodies, Relief features, Monsoon winds, Ocean currents, Altitude, Mountains, Air , Humidity and Temperature, , The Rainy Seasons, , 1 another name is South West, Monsoon season, 2 low pressure develops over central, India and high pressure over Indian, Ocean, 3 winds blow from South-west to India, 4 annual rainfall is 75%, 5 Mawsynram receives highest rainfall, 6 Bay of Bengal branch causes for heavy, rainfall, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 48
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SAMRAT, 7 period June to Mid of September, The Retreating Monsoon Season, , 1 Period Mid-September to November, 2 another name is North-East Monsoon, Season, 3 high pressure develops over the land, mass and low pressure over Bay of, Bengal and Indian Ocean, 4 hence winds starts to blow from, North-East to south and South-East., 5 unsettled weather condition and, cyclones are common, 6 eastern coast receives heavy rain and, gets damages, 7 annual rainfall is 13%, , Types of Soils, , 1. Alluvial soil, 3. Red soil, 5. Desert soil, , Area with heavy rainfall:1. A narrow belt in western Ghats, 2. A belt from Jammu hills through Himachal, Pradesh, Northern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and, West Bengal, 3. North eastern India, 4. West coast and the western side of western, Ghats, , Alluvial Soil, , 2. Black soil, 4. Laterite soil, 6. Mountain soil, , Soils – crops- areas:Soils, Alluvial, , Black, , Distribution of Rainfall In India:Area with low rainfall:1. Western kutch, 2. Thar desert, 3. Haryana, 4. Royli,, 5. Western Punjab, , Features or differences between soils, , INDIA – SOILS, , Crops, Wheat, paddy,, sugarcane,cotton,, jute, Cotton,, sugarcane, jowar,, maize, pulses,, wheat , chillies, , Red, , Ragi, millets,, groundnuts,, tobacco, potato, , laterite, , Cashew, rubber,, tea , coffee,, paddy, Tea, coffee, fruits, , Mounta, in, , Areas, , 1 this is composed of alluvium, 2 formed from the sediments deposited, by the rivers, 3 good for agriculture, 4 total are 15 lakhs sq.Kms, 5 crops:- wheat, paddy, sugarcane,, cotton and jute, 6 area:- Indo-Gangetic plain, Black Soil, , Maharashtra, , Madhya, Pradesh,, Telangana,, Tamil Nadu, Kerala,, Maharashtra, , Madhya, Pradesh,Assa, m,, , Jammu and, Kashmir,, Himachal, Pradesh,, Manipur., , 1 Known as Regur soil and black cotton, soil, 2 formed from the basalt rock, 3 so they are dark grey to black in, colour, 4 with high clay content, 5 highly retentive of moisture and, extremely compact, 6 crops :- cotton, jowar, maize,, sugarcane, pules, wheat and chillies, 7 areas:- Maharashtra, Madhya, Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Gujarat, and Tamil Nadu, , Red Soil, , 1 formed from the weathering of granite,, gneiss and other crystalline rocks, 2 it is red or redish brown, 3 they are sandier and less clayey, 4 don`t retain moisture, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 49
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SAMRAT, 5 area around 5.2Lakh sq. Kms, 6 areas :- Karnataka, Tamil Nadu,, Maharashtra, Odisha, Assam, Manipur, 7 crops:- Ragi, Millets, Groundnuts,, Tobacco, Potato, Laterite Soil, 1 formed due to high temperature and, rainfall, 2 not so much fertile, 3 hence not good for agriculture, 4 2.48 lakh sq kms, 5 crops:- rubber, tea, coffee, paddy,, cashew, 6 areas:- western gahts, rajmahal hills,, satpuras, chotanagpur plateau, Mountain soils, 1 formed due to the decomposition of, organic matter, 2 rich in humus and fertile, 3 more useful for plantation crops, 4 crops:- Tea, Coffee, fruits, 5 areas:- Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal, Pradesh, Manipur, 6 total area 2.85 lakh sa.kms, , Desert Soil, 1 formed under desert and semi desert, 2 they are friable, high content of soluble, salt, 3 they are sandy and low in moisture and, humus, 4 not good for agriculture, 5 total area 1.42 lakh sq kms, 6 areas:- Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat, , Methods of conservation of Soil:-, , 1. Afforestation and reforestation, 2. Controlled over grazing, 3. Contour farming, 4. Construction of check dams, 5. Contour bunding, 6. Gully control and bench terracing, 7. Not to use soil for construction works, , Causes for soil Erosion:Factors influence of formation of soils:-, , 1. Deforestation, 2. Overgrazing, 3. Shifting cultivation, 4. Faulty methods of cultivation, 5. Use of top soil for making bricks, tiles etc, 6. Lack of check dams, 7. Continues cultivation, , Effects of Soil Erosion:-, , 1. Loss of soil fertility, 2. Fall in agricultural productivity, 3. It leads to silting and floods, 4. Changes of the course of rivers, 5. Reduce the capacity of reservoirs, 6. Decrease in soil moisture, 7. Vegetation dries up and cause for drought, 8. Causes for economic backwardness, 9. Causes to decrease underground water, level, , 1. Parent rock 2. Relief, 4. Natural vegetation, , 3. Climate, , Natural agents cause for soil Erosion:1. Rivers, 3. Winds, , 2. Glaciers, 4. Sea waves, , INDIA- FOREST RESOURCES, Importance of Forests, 1. Helps to improve agro based industries, 2. Its checks soil erosion, 3. Its control floods, 4. Provides employments opportunities, 5. Provides shelter to wild animals, 6. Cause for rain, 7. Generates income, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 50
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SAMRAT, Types of Forests, a., b., c., d., e., f., , The Evergreen forest, Deciduous forest, Scrubs and grassland, Desert vegetation, Mountain forest, Mangrove forest, , Methods of Conservation of Forest, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., h., i., j., , Control of deforestation, Restriction on grazing, Control of forest fires, Prevention of encroachment on forests, Control of forest insects and diseases, Controlling illegal cutting of trees, Scientific cutting of trees, Legislation to check deforestation, Encourage afforestation, Creating awareness among the people, about the importance of forests, , Causes for Declining Forest areas, OR, Why conservation of forest is essential, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., h., , Expansion of agricultural land, Construction of roads and railways, Construction of irrigational projects, Industrialization, Urbanization, Over grazing, Forest fires, Smuggling activities in forest, , National Parks:Meaning:An extensive area which is specially protected to, preserve its natural beauty, wild life and forests, for public recreation and scientific interests is, called national parks, Place, Kaziranga, Sundarbans, Corbett, Gir, Kanha, Bandipura,, Banerghatta,Nagarahole, , state, Assam, West Bengal, Uttarakhand, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, , Meaning of wild life sanctuaries, A place meant for providing protection to wild, life . it is an area where killing or capturing of, any species of animals is prohibited except, under orders of the competent authority., , Wild life Sanctuaries in India, Place, Anamalai and, Mudumalai, Dandeli, Bhadra,, Talakaveri, B.R.Hills, Periyar, Nagarjunasagar, Bharatpur,, Ranthambore, , state, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Telangana, Rajasthan, , Biosphere Reserve:-, , A special category of protected area of land, or coastal environments., , 1., 2., 3., 4., , Objectives:Conservation, Research, Education, Local involvement, , Biosphere reserves, 1. Niligiri, 2. Nandadevi, 3. Nokrek, 4. Great Nicobar, 5. Sundarbans, 6. Dihang-Dibang, , Features of Indian Forests, Evergreen Forests, a. Found in the areas receives 250cm annual, rain fall, b.Found in hill slopes, Ghats regions, c. Forests are dense and trees grow to a, great height, d.Always in green and never shed their, leaves, e. Teak, Rosewood, Champa, Ebony,, f. Assam, Nagaland, Eastern and western, ghats, Tripura, Manipura,, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 51
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SAMRAT, Thermal power stations of Damodar Project:1. Bokaro 2. Durgapur 3.Chandrapura, Dams of Hirakud Project:1. Hirakud 2. Tikrapara, , 3. Naraj, , Districts of Karnataka receive benefits from, Upper Krishna Project:-, , Short note on :Name, Details, Damodar First project. Designed by TVA., Dam constructed across the, river Damodar. Joint venture of, Bihar and West Bengal. Aims:BhakraNangal, , 1. Bagalkot 2. Vijayapura 3. Kalburgi, 4. Yadgiri, 5. Belagavi, Importance of water/ rivers, a. Need for drinking, b. Need for cooking, c. Need for agriculture d. Need for industries, e. Need for navigation, f. Need for fishing, a. Need for domestic purpose, b. Need for the generation of hydro-electricity, , Hirakud, , Kosi, , Joint venture of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan. River Sutlej. 226, meters high. Highest gravity, dam in India, Gobind Sagarreservoir. Aims:Longest dam in Indai. Project of, Odisha. River Mahanadi. Aims:International Project. Venture of, Indai and Nepal. River Kosi., Aims:-, , The aims of multipurpose river valley projects:a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , To provide water for irrigation, To control the floods, To generate hydro-electricity, To prevent soil erosion, To develop inland waterways and fishing, To provide recreation facilities, To provide water for domestic purpose and, industries, h. To reclaim land for agriculture, i. For afforestation, j. For navigation purpose, , West Flowing, 1. These are short and swift, 2. These rivers join into Arabian sea, 3. Not good for hydropower, generation, 4. Ex:- Narmada, Tapi, Sharavathi., 5. Flows towards west side, , Difference between east and west flowing, rivers of south india, East Flowing, 1. These are not short and swift, 2. These rivers joins into Bay of, Bengal, 3. Good for hydropower generation, 4. Ex;- Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery, 5. Flow towards east side, , INDIAN LAND RESOURCES, , Classification of land, a., b., c., d., e., f., , Net sown area, Forest land, Land nor available for cultivation, Follow land, Cultivable waste land, Permanent pastures and other, grazing lands, g. Land under Miscellaneous uses, , Importance of Agriculture, 1. Helps for the develop of country`s economy, 2. Helps to increase the national income, 3. Provides raw materials for industries, 4. Helps to increase the productive level, 5. Help to develop the territory sector, 6. Provides works for rural people, 7. Provides food for human and animals, 8. Increases government revenue, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 53
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SAMRAT, Types of Agriculture, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., h., , Subsistence farming, Intensive farming, Commercial farming, Mixed farming, Plantation farming, Dry farming, Humid farming, Irrigation farming, , Factors influences of land use:1. Relief features, 2. Climate, 3. Technical factors, 4. Population density, 5. Socio-economic factors, 6. Soil, , Importance of Horticulture and floriculture, 1. Expands agriculture marketing, 2. Helps for efficient land use, 3. Creates more employments, 4. Helps to increase export trade, 5. Help to increase national and per capita, income, 6. Helps for women empowerment, 7. Provides nutritional security, , Factors influence of Cropping Pattern, 1. Relief features 2. Soil, 3. Climate, 4. Size of farms 5. Water supply, 6. Income of farmers 7.Technology, 8.Farmers interest, , Difference between, Kharif crops, 1. Crops are grow in rain season, 2. South west monsoon winds effects on it, 3. Sowing take place in june-jully and, harvested in sep –October, 4. Ex;- rice, jowar, 5., Rabi crops, 1. Crops grow in recreating monsoon, season, 2. North east monsoon winds effects on it, 3. Sowing takes place in October-NOV and, harvested in FEB-March, 4. Ex;- wheat, barley, 5., Subsistence farming, 1 growing crops for own use, 2 requires less labour and capital, 3 do farming in a small portion of land, 4 farmers use primitive method of, cultivation, 5 land is cultivated not the throughout the, year, 6 it requires average fertility and irrigation, 7 this contains two types like shifting and, sedimentary farming, Intensive farming, 1 growing for commercial use, 2 requires more labour and capital, 3 Do in large portion of land, 4 use modern technology for cultivation, 5 land is cultivated throughout the year, 6 it requires good fertility and irrigation, 7 here no such types of farming, , Agriculture seasons, a. Are three they are kharif, rabi and, zadi, b. It is depends on climate, c. Monsoons winds effects on this, d. It is purely belongs to agriculture, a., , Climate Seasons, a. They are four. Rainy, summer, winter, and recreating monsoon seasons, b. It is not depending on agriculture, c. Water bodies, winds and distance, from sea effects on this, d. It influence on all the sectors, Traditional flowers:1. Jasmine 2. Marigold, 4. Crossandra, 5. Astra, , 3. Rose, , Different types of Crops:Name, Kharif, , Rabi, Zaid, , Food, Commercial, Fibre, Beverage, , Crops, Paddy, Rice, Jowar, Ragi,, Cotton, Groundnuts,, tobacco, Wheat, Barley, Gram,, Linseed, Water melon, cucumber,, oilseeds, some pulses,, vegetables., Rice, Wheat, Jowar, Pulses, Sugarcane, Cotton,, Tobacco, Oil seeds., Cotton, jute, Tea, Coffee,, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 54
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SAMRAT, Distribution of Land:-, , Cultivable, Wastelan, d, , Fallow, , Forest, , Net-Sown, , Land, , More, Punjab,, Haryana, West, Bengal, Uttar, Pradesh, Kerala, , Less, North-eastern, states, , North-eastern, states., Andaman and, Nicobar, , Haryana,, Punjab,, Rajasthan, Gujarat, , Mizoram, Tamil, Nadu,, Meghalaya, , Tripura,, Pondicherry,, Andaman and, Nicobar, , Land under, Miscellaneous, Use, , Not, available, for, cultivatio, n, , Assam,, Manipur, Sikkim, , Assam,, Nagaland,, Meghalaya,, Kerala,, Karnataka,, Himachal, Pradesh, , Rain, , 100200, cm, , Meghalaya,, Goa, Nagaland,, Rajasthan, , tempe, rature, 18®25®c, , 5010®c70cm 15®, , 100150, Cm, 50100, Cm, , Goa, Kerala,, Odisha,, Maharashtra, , Cut flowers:-, , Major Crops of India, Soil, , Other, , PADDY / RICE, Alluvial,, Needs more, clay soil, water, , WHEAT, Black, Require heavy, soil, loams, , SUGAR CANE, 21®c- Alluvial,, Annual crop, 26®c, Loamy, soil, COTTON, 21®c - Black, Tropical and, 24®c, soil, sub-tropical, crop, TEA, , 150250, Cm, , 21®30®c, , 50100, Cm, , 21® to, 23®, , Deep, Fertile, soil, , Rich in humus,, require hill, slopes, Area above the, 1200to2400mts, from sea, , TOBACCO, Sandy, Require, loamy, chemical, soil, fertilizers, , 1. Orchids, 2.Gladiolus, 4. Anthurium 5. Lilies, , 3.Carnation, , States good in Floriculture In India:Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andra Pradesh,, Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, West Bengal., States good in Horticulture in India:Andra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh,, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu,, Kerala, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, , INDIA- MINERAL AND POWER, RESOURCES, Uses of Minerals/ Importance, 1. More useful for industrial development, 2. use in construction purpose, 3. Helps for the progress of transport and, communication, 4. Good for the development of trade and, commerce, 5. Brings foreign exchange, 6. Helps to increase country`s GDP, 7. some minerals have great economic value, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 55
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SAMRAT, Uses of Manganese, 1. Used for the manufacture of steel, 2. use in the manufacture of dry batteries, 3. uses in paints, 4. uses in glass making, 5. Uses in pottery and calico printing, Uses of Mica, 1. Used in electrical industry, 2. used in telephone, 3. used in manufacturing of aero planes, 4. uses in automobiles, 5. used in wireless communication, , Non-conventional Resources, 1. these resources have not an end, 2. requires low expenditure, 3. these are pollution free, 4. these are inexhaustible, 5. Maintenance is very easy, 6. Ex;- Solar, tidal, Biogas, Wind, , Importance of power resources, 1. Helps for the development of transport and, communication, 2. Need for the development of Industries, 3. Helps for the development of agriculture, 4. Helps for the development of trade and, commerce, 5. Helps to Improve country`s GDP, 6. Helps to improve the standard of living of the, people, 7. Indirectly helps to increase national and per, capita income of a country., , 1. Tarapur – Maharashtra, 2. Ranapratapsagar – Rajasthan, 3. Kalpakam – Tamil Nadu, 4. Narora – Uttar Pradesh, 5. Kakrapara – Gujarat, 6. Kaiga – Karnataka, 7. Kundan Kulam – Tamil Nadu, , Difference between conventional and nonconventional resources, Conventional resources, 1. these resources have an end, 2. requires high expenditure, 3. these are cause for pollution, 4. they are exhaustible, 5. Maintenance is not easy, 6. Ex;-Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas, , Mention of by Products of coal, 1. Ammonia, 2. Coal tar, 3. coal gas, 4. benzol,, 5. Naptha, 6. sulphur, Nuclear power stations of India, , Importance/Need for Non-conventional power, resources/ Urgent to develop of an alternative, power resources in Inida, 1. they are renewable, 2. pollution free and eco-friendly, 3. Conveniently supply to urban and rural areas, 4. at present the rate of energy consumption has, increased, 5. Capable to meet the requirements of power, 6. They are not expensive and very easy to, maintain, 7. Not effects on global warming, , Reasons for Energy crisis, 1. Meager deposits and shortage of petroleum, 2. Poor quality of coal, 3. Erratic rainfall and shortage of Hydroelectricity, 4. Loss of power in the process of transmission, 5. Limited use of non-conventional energy, resources, 6. More demand rather than the supply., Remedies / Measures to control Energy crisis, 1. Increase the production of coal and, petroleum, 2. Finding substitutes for oil and coal, 3. By giving more importance to increase water, power generation, 4. Greater use of non-conventional sources of, energy, 5. By educating the people readings to the use of, power, 6. By announcing discounts on Non-conventional, sour ces, 7. By proper and care full use of power, resources, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 56
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SAMRAT, INDIAN TRANSPORT AND, COMMUNICATION, Difference between Metalled and unmetalled, roads:-, , Materials transport through Pipelines:1. Crude oil, 4.Water, , 2.Natural gas 3.Mineral slurry, , Why now a day’s Inland waterways limited:-, , Metalled, 1. Constructed with cement, 2. Good for all the seasons, 3. This type of roads more in urban areas, 4. Maintenance is very easy, 5. It is expensive, , 1. Because of the development of Roads and, Railways, 2. Shortage of rain, 3. Lack of interest, 4. Lack of advertisement, , Unmetalled, 1. Not constructed with cement, 2. Not good for all the seasons, 3. This types of roads more in rural areas, 4. Maintenance is not easy, 5. It is not expensive, , 1. Jet Airways, 2. Sahara Air Lines, 3. Kingfisher Air Lines 4. Paramount Air ways, , Divisions / types of Super Highways:1. The North-South corridor, ( Srinagar to, Kanyakumari), 2. The East-West corridor (Silchar to Porbandar), , India has Border roads with following Nations:1. Pakistan, 2. Nepal, 3. Bhutan,, 4. Bangladesh, 5. Myanmar, , Personal, 1. Send message Individually, 2. Not good for larger level, 3. Ex;- Letters, Telephone, , Name the private sector air transport, companies in India:-, , Examples for personal and mass, communication:Personal, Letters, Telephone,, Mobile, Telegram,, Fax, E-mail, Internet,, Seminar, , Mass, Newspaper, Radio,, Television, Radio,, Magazines, Books,, Internet,, , Difference between personal and mass, communication:Mass, 1. Not send messages individually, 2. Good for larger level, 3. Ex:- Television, Newspapers, , Importance of Transport, 1. It helps to improve the trade and commerce, 2. It helps to utilize the resources, 3. It helps to development the agriculture, 4. It wide up the market, 5. It provides the employment opportunities, 6. It helps to improve the tourism, 7. It gives contribution towards the national, income, , Importance of Road Transport, 1. Provide door to door service, 2. It is feeders to railways and air ports, 3. Easy to construction, 4. Links all the corners of the nations, 5. Provide the employment opportunities, 6. Improve the tourism, Types of Roads, Based on physical structure, 1. Metalled Roads, 2. Unmetalled Roads, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 57
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SAMRAT, Based on construction and maintenance, 1. Golden Quadrilateral and Super Highways, 2. National Highways, 3. State Highways, 4. District Roads, 5. Villages Roads, , Western ports, Kandla, Mumbai, New Mangalore, Mormugoa, Kochi, J. Nehruport, , Eastern ports, Haldia, Chennai, Ennore, Paradip, Calcutta, Port Blair, , 6. Lal Bahadur Shastri international airportVaranasi, 7. Biju Patnaik international airportBhubaneswar, , Modes of /Examples for Communication, Personal communication, , Golden quadrilateral highways, 1. Its connects the major ports, 2. Helps to Improve industries, 3. Improvise the tourism, 4. Wide up the market, 5. improves the trade and commerce, 6. Saves the time and money, , Modes of transport:1. Land transport:- Roads, Railways and Pipe, lines, 2. Water transport:- Inland and Ocean transport, 3. Airways:- National and International, , Super highways / Corridor highways, 1. Connects with major cities, ports and, industrial areas, 2. Helps to Improve the industries, 3. Improve the trade and commerce, 4. Wide up the market, 5. Saves time and money, 6. Reduce the expenditure, , Importance of Communication, 1. It helps in quick transmission of information, from place to place, 2. Creating awareness among the people about, government policies, 3. Enables us to know about natural hazards and, disasters, 4. Provides entertainment, 5. Gives current information of the world, 6. It helps to bring unity and integrity of the, country, 7. Helps to take information related to trade,, market and price, , International Air ports, 1. Indira Gandhi international airport- Delhi, 2. Shivaji international airport- Mumbai, 3. Subash Chandra Bose international airportCalcutta, 4. Anna international airportChennai, 5. Rajeev Gandhi international airportHyderabad, , Postal Letters, Telephone,, Telegram, Fax, E-mail, Internet, Seminars,, Conference,, , Mass communication, Newspapers, Radio, Television, Magazines,, books, Internet, , INDIAN INDUSTRIES, , Why iron and steel industry has considered as, mother of industries / basis of all other, industries:Many industries like engineering, steam engine,, Machine tools, Automobiles, Agricultural, equipment’s etc. depend on it hence it is called, so, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 58
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SAMRAT, Private Sector Iron and Steel Industries:1. The Tata iron and Steel company at, Jamshedpur in Jharkhand, 2. Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited at Torangallu, in Karnataka, 3. Ispat Iron and Steel limited at Dolvi in, Maharashtra, 4. Tata Steel Plant at Gopalpur in Odisha, , Knowledge based industries are rapidly, developing in the country- why:1. Growing of information technology, 2. Interest of the young people, 3. Significance of the industries towards the, development, 4. Development of science and technology, , Name the states of India good for Software, Technology:1. Karnataka, 3. Tamil Nadu, , 2.Maharashtra, 4.Telangana, , List out the famous software centers in, Karnataka:1. Bengaluru 3. Mysore 3. Udupi, 4. Hubballi, 5. Mangalore, , Importance of Industries, , Public iron and steel industries, , a. Helps to increase national and per capita, income, b. It helps to foreign exchange, c. Increase GDP of a nation, d. Standard of living life increase, e. It reduce unemployment, f. It reduced poverty, g. It helps to wide up the market, , 1. Indian iron and steel co at Buranpur, 2. Vishakhapatnam steel plant at, Vishakhapatnam, 3. Vishweshwaraiah iron steel ltd at Bhadravathi, 4. Bokaro steel plant at Bokaro, 5. Hindustan steel Ltd. at Bhilai, 6. Hindustan steel Ltd, at Durgapur, 7. Hindustan steel Ltd, at Rourkela, 8. The Salem Plant at Salem, , Location / Localization of Industries (Iron, and steel, Aluminum, paper, cotton textile,, sugar Industries), , Uses of Aluminum, , 1. Supply of electricity, 2. Marketing facilities, 3. Labour supply, 4. Available of capital, 5. Available of raw materials 6. Good climate, 7. Government policies, 9. Available of area, 8. Transport and communication, 10. Available of basic facilities, , Name the cities famous for software industry in, India:1. Bengaluru 2. .Mumbai 3. .Pune, 4., Chennai 5. Hyderabad 6. Calcutta 7. Delhi, 8.Noida, , e. Delhi -Meerut, f. Vishakhapatnam –Guntur, , Industrial Regions, a., b., c., d., , Hooghly -Calcutta, Mumbai-Pune, Ahmedabad -Vadodara, Madurai -Coimbatore, , a., b., c., d., e., , Manufacture of Aero planes, Manufacture of ships, Packing materials, House hold appliances, Electrical appliances, , Raw materials required for paper Industries, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , Bamboo, Babhar grass, Straw of wheet, Straw of paddy, Boggase, Cotton, Celltosic pulp, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 59
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SAMRAT, Importance of knowledge based Industries, 1. It develops the software and hardware, 2. It improves the foreign exchange, 3. It increase the use of science and technology, 4. It increase the national and Per capita income, 5. Increase the standard of living life, 6. Increases country’s GDP, 7. Brings radical changes in society and economy, , INDIAN NATURAL DISASTERS, Give examples for natural disasters:1. Floods, 2. Cyclones 3. Landslides, 4. Coastal erosion, 5. Earthquakes, The states effects from cyclones:1Tamil Nadu 2. Andra Pradesh 3. Odisha, 4. West Bengal, The states suffering from coastal erosion/, effects from south-west Monsoon:1. Gujarat 2. Goa 3. Kerala, 4. Maharashtra 5. Karnataka, 6. Tamil Nadu, The states largely suffering from earthquake:1. Jammu and Kashmir, 2. Himachal Pradesh, 3. Uttar Pradesh, 4. Bihar, , Cyclones, Causes, OR, Cyclones during the North East, Monsoon season(October and, November- why), 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , High temperature, Clam air, Highly saturated air, Winds formation and movement, low pressure, , Effects, OR, Prevention is necessary why, 1. cause for loss of life and property, 2. Damage to buildings, 3. Damages the transport and communication, 4. Disrupt the power supply, 5. Destroy the crops, vegetation and animals, 6. Cause for soil erosion, 7. Effects on human health, , Preventive Measures, 1. Temporary shelters should be provide, 2. Cyclone proof structures can be constructed, 3. Growing of deep rooted trees and mangrove, forest in coastal line, 4. Giving proper weather report through radio,, TV,, 5. Ready with suitable medical facilities, , 6. Be ready with voluntaries and army to help, the needed, , Floods, Causes, Natural Causes, 1. Heavy rainfall, 2. Melting of snow, 3. Tropical cyclones, 4. Cloud burst, 5. Blockages of the free flow of river, water, 6. Silting river beds, , Man-made Causes, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , Deforestation, Faulty irrigation, Unscientific agriculture, Breaching of barrages, Rapid urbanization, , Effects, a. Cause for loss of life and property, b. Damage to buildings, c. Damages the transport and, communication, d. Disrupt the power supply, e. Destroy the crops, vegetation and, animals, f. Cause for soil erosion, g. Effects on human health, h. Disruption of essential services, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 60
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SAMRAT, Flood Prone Areas:1. Ganga and Brahmaputra river basins:Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, WB and Assam, 2. Sutluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab river basins:Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, 3. Peninsular India the deltaic areas of river, basins:- Odisha, MP, TN, Andra Pradesh and, Chhattisgarh, 4. Lower part of Narmada and Tapi river bains:Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, , Preventive Measures, a., b., c., d., , Encourage to afforestation, Construction of dams across the river, Construction of embankments for rivers, Giving early information regarding to, floods, e. Ready with medical facilities and other, needed, f. Shifting of people from flood prone areas, Landslides, Causes, Natural Causes, 1. Heavy rainfall, 2. Earthquakes, 3. Cutting of the slopes by sea, waves, , Human Forces, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Deforestation, Construction of roads and railway lines, Construction of dams and reservoirs, Construction of hydel power projects, Mining, Quarrying, , Cause for blocking of roads, Damages the railway lines, Loss of life and property, Destroys the human settlements, Damages the crops and vegetation, Effects on communication, , Preventive Measures, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , 1. Damages the trees and buildings of, coastal line, 2. Blacks the roads and rail way lines, 3. Damages the bridges, 4. Loss of property, 5. Cause for flood in future, , Preventive Measures, , Effects, a., b., c., d., e., f., , Effects, , Slope reduction, Prevention of rock falls, Avoiding of mining, Avoiding of quarrying activities, Encourage to afforestation, Shift of human residence, Providing needed basic facilities, , coastal Erosion, Causes, 1. Monsoon winds, 2. Tropical cyclone, 3. Tsunamis, , 1. Construction of retention walls, 2. Restrict sand mining in coastal areas, 3. Planting of trees along the coast line, , Earthquakes, Causes, 1. Plate movements, 2. Volcanic eruption, 3. Faulting and folding, 4. Landslides, 5. Collapse of underground cave roofs, 6. Hydrostatic pressure of water bodies, , Effects, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Damages of buildings, Destroys railway lines and roads, Damages power lines, Damages the communication lines, Damages the dams and bridges, Loss of human and animal life and, property, 7. Diversion of river course, 8. Disturbance in ground water level, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 61
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SAMRAT, Precautionary Measures, 1. Avoid the human settlements in the, earthquake prone zones, 2. Earthquake resistant construction of, buildings, 3. Avoid the construction of large dams, and reservoirs, 4. Stop deforestation, 5. Avoid the quarrying activities, 6. Restrict the diggings of deep wells for, underground water, 7. Restrict the urbanization in hilly areas, INDIA- POPULATION, Causes for the growth of population, 1. High birth rate, 2. Low death rate, 3. Improvement in health and medical field, 4. Good sanitation facilities, 5. Control of epidemics, Impact/Effects of the population growth, 1. Increases unemployment problem, 2. shortage of food and malnutrition, 3. Burden on civic and social amenities, 4. Low per capita income and national income, 5. Slow economic growth development, 6. Political unrest, 7. Cause for the increase of poverty, 8. Low standard of living, 9. Environmental pollution, , Measures to control growth of population, 1. Family planning, 2. Women welfare projects, 3. Publicity and advertisements, 4. Creating awareness among the rural people, 5. Implementing many policies like one child, policy etc, 6. Increase the age limit for marriage, 7. Remove social stigma associated with sexual, health, 8. Increase the incentives to small families, Factors affecting the distribution of population, 1. Physical features, 2. Climate, 3. Soils, 4. Resources, 5. Industries and commerce, 6. Good security of life and property, 7. Supply of Water, 8. Availability of basic facilities, 9. Good transport and communication, , Reasons for Low death rate, 1. Improved medical facilities, 2. Control of epidemics, 3. Lower infant mortality, 4. Spread of education, 5. Good basic facilities, 6. Peace full and tension less life, Population Zones in India, Areas of high density, Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh,, Haryana, Punjab, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Areas of medium density, Jharkhand, Assam, Goa, Maharashtra,, Tripura, Karnataka, Andra Pradesh, Areas of low density, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan,, Uttaranchal, Chhattisgarh, Meghalaya, , Reasons for High birth rate, 1. Early marriage, 2. Religious and social attitudes, 3. Polygamy, 4. Poverty, 5. Tropical climate, 5. Good health facilities, 6., , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 62
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SAMRAT, ECONOMICS, , DEVELOPMENT, , Basic elements of economic development as, per Meier and Baldwin:1. Process, 2. Increase in real national income, 3. Long period, Factors influence on supply and demand /, process/ influence on national income :1. Discovery of additional resources, 2. Education and skill development, 3. Capital accumulation, 4. Population growth, 5. Adaptation of better techniques of production, 6. Tastes of consumers, Measuring country`s development based on, national or percapita income is not to be a true, measure why:1. Population is not equally distributed between, the countries. As higher population higher, income and low population lower income., 2. We ( calculate percapita income as national, income divided by total population) measure, countries development based on over all income, of a country., , 3. While measuring in this method they not, considered the development of health,, education, standard of living and others. Hence, it is not to be a true measure, Difference between Inclusive and Sustainable, development:Sustainable, 1. Preserving natural resources and the, environment for the benefit of future, generations, 2. Give importance to present based on, future view, 3. Good for present and future also, 4. There is a limitation for usages., 5. Helps to safe environment, , Inclusive, 1. Ensuring that every person is benefited by, the process of development., 2. Here country never save resources, 3. More good for present generation, 4. No limitation for usages, 5. Not safes to environment, , Indicators of development:1. Income Indicator, 2. Human development Index, 3. Gender related development, , List out the alternative Indicators of, development:1. Health 2. Education, Shelter 5. Social factors, , 3. Food, , 4., , Factors essential for quality of Life/ standard of, living/ life expectance:1. Nutritious Food, 2. Shelter, 3. Clothing, 4. Health and hygiene, 5. Social security, 6. clean water, 7. Pure air, 8. Unpolluted environment, 9. education, Methods of measuring a country`s educational, achievements:1. The average period of schooling completed by, individuals above 25 years, 2. The expected period of school education that, the children of 5years might receive in their, lifetime., How to achieve women empowerment/, methods to reduce the gender discrimination:1. Many laws have been enacted to curb, violence against women at home and working, place, 2. Guarantee equal wages, 3. Providing reservation of seats in elected, bodies and jobs, 4. Free and compulsory education for girl, 5. Providing financial assistance to do their own, business, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 63
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SAMRAT, What is HDI:The average percentage of these three, 1. Life expectancy, 2. Education achievement, 3. Standard of living, Objectives of economic development, 1. Increasing income 2. Attaining equality, 3. Reducing poverty 4. Eliminating inequality, 5. Reducing unemployment, 6. Conserving resources and environment, 7. Enhancing overall welfare of all, Features /causes/differences between, developed and underdevelopment countries, Under development, 1 Less per capita and national income, 2 Lower productivity levels, 3 Over population, 4 Low standard of living life, 5 More poverty, 6 Backwardness in science and, technology, Developed, 1 High per capita and national income, 2 Higher productivity levels, 3 Average population, 4 High standard of living life, 5 No / less poverty, 6 use of modern science and, technology, , Factors influence of supply and demand, 1. Discovery of additional resources, 2. Education and skill development, 3. Capital accumulation, 4. Population growth, 5. Adoption of techniques in production, 6. Consumers buying capacity, 7. Marketing facilities, , RURAL DEVELOPMENT, Reasons for the declining rural industries:1. Competition with modern industries, 2. Migration to cities, 3. Liberalization and globalization, 4. Urbanization, 5. Not regular employment, 6. Agriculture being non remunerative, , Reasons for widening gap between urban and, rural areas:1. More poverty, 2. Over dependence on agriculture, 3. Unemployment, 4. Shortage of basic facilities, 5. Use of science and technology, , Reasons for the reducing the gap between, urban and rural areas:1. Decentralization of power, 2. Creating employment opportunities in rural, areas, 3. By extending basic facilities to rural areas, 4. By implementing programs to eradicate, poverty in rural areas, 5. By reducing the dependence on agriculture, 6. By implementing many government programs, , Infrastructure necessary for rural areas:1. Electricity, 3. Irrigation, 5. Credit facility, , 2. Transport, 4. Marketing, 6.Health and education, , Activities essential for rural development:1. Development of human resources, 2. Land reforms, 3. Development of the productive resources of, each locality, 4. Infrastructure development, , Mention the three structure of PRI`s:1. Zilla panchayat at District level, 2. Taluk panchayat at Taluk level, 3. Grama panchayat at Village level, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 64
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SAMRAT, What are the works necessary for human, development:1. Encourage to primary and middle school, education, 2. Adult education, 3. Technical and vocational education and, training, 4. Expansion of health and hygiene facilities, , Importance of gram sabha:1. Provides political knowledge for rural people, 2. All developmental schemes are decided here, 3. Can have discussion on various problems, related to rural areas, 4. Gives chance to participate in developmental, works, 5. Helps to check corruption, 6. Helps to prepare village development, schemes, Housing programmes:1. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana, 2. Ambedkar Valmiki Housing Programme, 3. Ashraya Yojana, , Features of panchayat Raj system, 1., 2., 3., 4., , It is a three tier structure, It has direct and periodic elections, Has reservations for SC ST OBC and women, A strict procedure for dissolution, , 5. has its own responsibilities like, administration, finance etc, 6. There is provision for staff or executive, , women self help group, 1. Making women as independent, 2. Provides loans to women, 3. Engages women in production activities, 4. Mobilizing the savings of women, 5. Fight against the women social problems, 6. Contributes towards building a clean society, 7. Helps for the all-round development of, women, , Importance of Rural Development, 1. It helps to the development of agriculture, sector, 2. It increase the national and per capita income, 3. It generating employment opportunities, 4. It reduce the poverty in rural area, 5. Migration will be reduce, 6. Helps for the Development the industries, 7. Increase the standard of living life, , Economic condition in Rural areas, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , poverty level is more, Income earning level is very less, less standard of living life, decline of industries, unemployment is very high, lack of basic facilities, lack of urban facilities, , Decentralization of power in the view of, Gram Swarajya, 1. It helps to up hold the human independence, and dignity, 2. It improve the human values, 3. Its reduces the various kinds of exploitations, 4. It gives opportunities to local people to, participate in administration, 5. It develops the standard of living life’s of rural, areas, 6. It helps for fast development of rural areas, , Role of panchayat Raj Institutions in Rural, development, 1. Implement the various schemes related to, poverty alleviation and livelihood security, 2. Provides basic amenities like water,, drains, toilets, street light etc in rural areas, 3. It gives encouragement for education,, vocational training in rural areas, 4. Provides health and hygiene facilities in, rural areas, 5. Works for all around development of rural, areas through its grama sabha, 6. It provides employment opportunities for, rural people through MGNREGS, 7. Provides housing facilities for houseless in, rural areas through pradhan Mantri Awas, Yojan ,Ashraya Yojana and Ambedkarvalmiki housing programmes, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 65
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SAMRAT, 6. Maximum utilization of resources, 7. Adaptation of necessary science and, technology, , 8. Distributes essential food grains through, public distribution system, 9. Provides special facilities for widows,, disabled, old people and mental challenged, 10. Helps for self-help groups for the, development rural women, 11.Gives encouragement for social, cultural, and sports activities, 12. Helps for the development of, agriculture, industries and trade in rural, areas, , Importance of Banks, Evaluation of Money, a., b., c., d., e., f., , a., b., c., d., e., , Earning of income is very less, More dependency on primary sector, Less standard of living life, Less importance for industries, Unemployment and poverty are, more, f. Less basic facilities, g. No high use of science and, technology, , 1. Development of human resources, 2. Land reforms, 3. Development of the productive resources, 4. Development of infrastructure, 5. Specific programmes of alleviation of poverty,, unemployment and other problems, , For this question you have to write the answer, of money supply and credit controlling, measures both, , MONEY AND CREDIT, , Economic condition of rural areas, , Activities essential for Rural development, , Monetary policy of RBI, , Barter system, Commodity money, Metallic money, Paper money, Bank money, Plastic money, , Functions of Money, 1. Primary/Main functions, a. Medium of exchange, b. Measure of value, 2. Secondary functions, a. standard of deferred payment, b. store of value, c. transfer of value, , Functions of RBI, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , Monopoly of note issue, Banker to government, Bankers bank, National clearing house, Controller of credit, Promotion of banking habits, Custodian of foreign exchange reserves, , a. Mobilize the savings of the public, b. Helping the process of capital formation, c. They lend money to agriculture and, industry, d. They issue demand drafts, e. Issues of credit and debit cards, f. Invest the funds on securities of the, government, g. They also discount the bills of exchange, , Regulation of Money supply, 1. M1= currency notes and coins + net demand, deposits held in commercial banks, 2. M2= M1 + saving deposits with post office, savings banks, 3. M3= M1 + net time deposits of commercial, banks, 4. M4= M3 + total deposits with post office, savings banks, , Credit control measures, 1. Quantitative credit control measures, a. Bank rate policy, b. Open market operations, c. Varying reserve requirements, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 66
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SAMRAT, 2. Qualitative credit control measures, a. Change in lending margins, b. Celling and credit, c. Moral suasion, d. Direct action, , 3. Revenue generated by the departments of, postal and telecommunications, 4. Revenue generated by the public sector, industries, 5. Revenue generated by the coins and mints, 6. Various types of fees and penalties, , PUBLIC FINANCE AND BUDGET, , Importance of public finance, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., h., i., , Mobilizing revenue, Incurring expenditure, Raising loans, Economic growth, Maintain economic stability, Fair distributions of income, Regulate the economic activities, The study of public finance, Helps in analysis and evaluation of budgets, , The Goals of Public Expenditure, a. promote faster economic development, b. promote industry, trade and commerce, c. promote agriculture and rural, development, d. promote balanced regional growth, e. promote full employment, f. achieving the social welfare, , Direct tax, a. the tax paid by an individual, b. it is not transferable to other, c. ex;- income tax, corporate tax, stamp, tax, d. it is a visible, e. it is not imposed on goods, f. it is not imposed on whole production, , 1. Profit earned by the reserve bank of India, 2. Profit generated by the Indian railways, , Defined as fiscal deficit of current year minus, interest payments on previous borrowing, , (PD = FD – Interest payment), Budget Deficit;the overall gap between revenue and, expenditure during a given year, (BD = Total revenue – Total expenditure), , BUSINESS STUDIES, , BANKING TRANSACTIONS, , Indirect tax, a., b., c., d., e., f., , the burden of the tax bares by company, it is transferable to others, ex;- import- export tax, service tax., It is not visible, It is imposed on goods and services only, It is imposed on whole production, , Concepts of Deficit, Fiscal Deficit:Government`s expenditure over its revenue, receipts and non –debt capital receipts, (FD=RR+NCR-Total expenditure), , Revenue Deficit;Sources of Non tax revenue, , Primary Deficit;-, , Here revenue expenditure of the government, over its total revenue receipts, (RD=RR-RE), , For what purpose banks gives loans to, customers:1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Industrial sector, Agricultural sector, Education, House, Constructions, Vehicle purchase, Types of bank acco unts:-, , 1. Saving bank account, 2. Current account, 3. Recurring deposit account, 4. Term of Fixed deposit account, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 67
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SAMRAT, For whom saving bank account is more, suitable:1, Salary holders 2, Students, 3. Senior citizens, 4, Pensioners, , 2. Special relationship, a. Obligation of honor cheques, b. Obligation of maintaining secrecy of account, , Services offered by Banks, , Characteristics of Banks, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., , Dealing with money, Individual, Accepting deposit, Lending loans, Payment and withdrawal, Agency and utility service, Connecting link, Name identity, , Functions of Banks, 1. Accepting deposit from public, 2. Lending loans to public, 3. Transferring money from one place to another, place, 4. Collecting money an cheques, drafts and bills, 5. Discounting the bills, 6. Hiring safe deposit lockers, 7. Conducting foreign exchange transaction, 8. Conducting government transactions, , 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., , Debit cards and credit cards, Personal loans, Home and vehicle loans, Mutual funds, Safe deposit lockers, Trust service, E- banking, , Procedure to open a Bank account, 1. Decide the type of account that you want, to open, 2. Select the bank and meet the bank, manager, 3. Fill-up the proposal form, 4. Give reference for opening a bank account, 5. Give filled proposal form to manager, 6. Verifying by manager, 7. Make initial deposit, 8. Collect the passbook, , Services offered by Postal Banks, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., , It provides saving bank account, Issue of national saving certificate, Kisan vikas patra, Sukanya samridhi yojana, Postal life insurance, Pension payment, Money transfer from one place to another, Providing Aadhar card service, It provides recurring deposit account, , Types of Banks, , 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Advantages of opening a Bank account, OR, Reasons for increasing saving account, Bank account facilitates safe custody of, money, Bank account helps to making of payments, Bank accounts helps to collection of, money, Bank account holder gets advances and, loans, Helps to smooth financial transactions, Account holders gets safety deposit, lockers, , Relationship between Bankers and Customers, 1. General relationship, a. Primary relationship, b. Subsidiary relationship, c. Agent and principal relationship, , 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , Reserve bank of India, Commercial banks, Land development banks, Industrial development banks, Indigenous banks, Corporative banks, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 68
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SAMRAT, Saving Account, a. Generally open by salary holders, and, Students, b. The bank gives interest, c. Money can withdraw by cheques, and withdrawal, d. No minimum balance, e. Limitations for withdrawals, , Current Account, a. Generally open by business people, b. Bank never pay interest instead of, that collect service charge, c. Requires minimum balance, d. No limitations for withdrawals, e. Withdraw the amount more than, the balance, , Recurring Account, a. People generally open for their, future purpose, b. Monthly payment, c. Good and suitable for all class of, people, d. Account period is 1,2,3,5 years, e., , Term Deposit Account, a. People generally open for money, safety purpose, b. Onetime payment, c. One time withdrawal, d. Not good for all the classes, e. Account period is, 1year,500days,7years, , ENTREPRENEURSHIP, Characteristics of an Entrepreneur, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., , creativity, Dynamism, Team building, Problem solving, Innovation, Goal orientation, leadership, Self confidence, , Role of Entrepreneur in economic, development, a. Entrepreneur promote capital formation, by mobilizing the idle savings of the, citizens, b. Provides large scale employment, opportunities for qualified persons, c. Helps to increase the per capita and, national income of a country, d. Helps to improve the GDP of a country, e. Promotes the development of industries, f. Encourages effective mobilization of skills, g. Promotes countries export trade, , Functions of an Entrepreneur, a. He starts business activities by preparing, various plans relating to business, b. He organize factors of production, c. He takes decisions about product., Technology, marketing and employment, etc., d. He coordinates things effectively, e. He introduces new methods into practices, f. He bears risk and uncertainly, g. He handles budget of his concern, h. He gives directions to the business firm, , Self-employment opportunities for, Entrepreneurs, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , Advertising agencies, Marketing consultancy, Industrial consultancy, Photo copying centers, Beauty parlors, Internet browsing, Industrial research and, development, h. Industrial testing labs, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 69
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SAMRAT, Financial institutions, a. Industrial development bank of india, b. National bank for agriculture and rural, development bank, c. Export and import bank, d. Small industries development bank of India, e. Industrial credit and investment cooperation, of India, f. Commercial and other banks, g. life insurance cooperation of India, h. Unit trust of India, , Promotional Agencies/ Organizations, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., h., , District industrial centers, Small industrial development corporation, National small industrial corporation, Small scale industries board, Industrial estates, Khadi and village industries corporation, Technical consultancy organizations, Small industries service institutions, , Entrepreneur, 1. A person who do some innovative work, 2. He is a innovator, 3. He has more skills like team building,, managing skills etc, 4. He is the center or main pillar in his, business, 5. He organizes the resources for his, benefits, , Entrepreneurship, 1. It is a process of an action of, entrepreneur, 2. It is a creative activity of an, entrepreneur, 3. It is an area where entrepreneur can, take risk and benefits, 4. Here an entrepreneur executive his, ideas, 5. It is a venture which comprises of, numerous activities., Profile of successful an Entrepreneur, Dr. Pratap Reddy / Apollo Hospital, 1. Developed India`s first Hospital group, 2. Brought revolution in the field of health and, care sector, 3. Idea came when a patient not make it to go, Texas in America for open heart surgery, Naresh Goyal / Jet Airlines, 1. He is the founder and chairman of India`s, largest domestic airlines under private sector., 2. After his education he worked in a travel, business, 3. 1974 he started to look after sales and, marketing of foreign airlines in India, Narayana Murthy / Infosys, 1. He founded Infosys Technologies Ltd in 1999, 2. company employed more employees and, turnover of 2 billion dollars, 3. he believed on Honesty, Transparency and, moral integrity are the key factors for the, success, , Varghese Kurien / Amul milk, 1. Father of white revolution and brought, revolution in the field of milk, 2. he established a small scale Anand milk, dairy in Kaira of Gujarat, 3. leading personality in agricultural, development programme in India, Dhirubai Ambani / Reliance company, 1. He is the one who rewrote Indian, corporate History in India, 2. Started his career by selling Bhajan Books., 3. He went to Aden in Africa there worked in, a gas station as a clerk, 4. returned to India with 50,000 and set up, his textile trading company, 5. now company has doing business in, telecommunication, energy, capital markets,, Azim Premji / Wipro Tecnology, 1. chairman of the largest software, companies in India, 2. after his father`s death his company, shareholders advised him to sell his shares, 3. this thing made him to company much, more stronger, 4. now his company is the largest R & D, provider in India, Ekta Kapoor / Balaji Tele films, 1. queen of Indian television sector, 2. She isa creative director, 3. brought revolution in Television field, 4. Awardee of Ernest Young Entrepreneur, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 70
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SAMRAT, Kiran Mazumdar Shah / Biocon, 1. Chairperson and Managing director of the, largest Bio technology company in India, 2. Faced many challenges and problems, 3. started company in 1978 in a rented, garage., GLOBALIZATION OF BUSINESS, , Characteristics, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., h., i., , Growth of world economy, Increase foreign investment, International agreement leading by WTO, Development of global finance, Spreading multi culture, Development of global communication, Increasing MNC`s, Spreading local foods, Create international travel and tourism, , Factors Includes in Globalization, a., b., c., d., e., f., , International trade and finance, Encourage the international capital, Create free trade zone, Reduce transport expenses, Removes barriers of capital flow, Worldwide trade organization, , f., , Increase per capita income and national, income, g. Promote specialization incre3ase income, of people, , Promotes economic growth, Helps to increasing standard of living life, Similar type of products all over the world, Increase GDP of a nation, Create competition, , Promote peace and stability of member, countries, , CONSUMER EDUCATION AND PROTECTION, , Disadvantages, a., b., c., d., e., f., , Increase child labour and slavery, Increase terrorists and criminal activities, Creates un wanted competition, Cause for over population, Spread of diseases like AIDS,, Effects of traditional food habits, , Functions of WTO, a., b., c., d., e., f., g., , Trade agreement through the world, Administrating the trade, Free and independence trade, Salving trade disputes, Reduce the taxes, legal frame work, Utilize of resources effectively, , Aims of WTO, a., b., , Advantages, a., b., c., d., e., , f., , c., d., e., , Settling disputes and reduces trade, tension., Bring down the living cost and raise the, standard of living, stimulating economic growth and, employment, Reducing cost of doing business, internationally, Encouraging good governance, , Consumers rights, 1. The Right of Safety, 2. The right to information, 3. The right to choice, 4. The tight to be heard, 5. Right to consumer education, 6. Right to stop exploitation, 7. Right of quality, 8. Right against the unfair trade, , Methods to be followed to file a case in, consumer court, 1. The complaint may be typed one or, hand written, 2. Complainer should mention his name ,, address, mob number in complaint, 3. Against whom the complaint is made, should be mentioned clearly with, address, 4. Loss details should be mentioned clearly, with suitable bills/receipts, 5. There is no fees for complaint, 6. No lawyer is required consumer himself, can argue, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 71
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SAMRAT, , The need of consumer education / protection :1. To provide knowledge on quality of, goods and service, 2. To give information about consumer, rights, 3. To stop consumer exploitation, 4. To safeguard the interests of consumers, 5. To give information about consumer, disputes redressal agencies, Mention the importance of Tele shopping:1., 2., 3., 4., , Saves time, Avoids/reduce consumesr exploitation, Helps to buy goods directly from traders, Helps to get quality of goods at lower, price, List out the acts related to consumers-, , 1., 2., 3., 4., , Essential commodities act, Weights and measures act, Act against adulteration of food articles, Consumer protection act, , Consumer rights promoted by consumer, protection act:1. The right to protect against the, marketing of goods which are hazardous, to life, 2. The right to information, 3. Right to choice, 4. Right to consumer education, 5. Right to stop exploitation, Major Objectives of Consumer Protection, Act/ council:a. Giving importance for safety and quality, b. Avoiding production and sale of dangerous, goods, c. Prevention of trade malpractices in the, market, d. Supervision of quality, Weight, Measures, and Price, e. Compensating the consumer in case of any, problems arising as a result of trade, f. Creating awareness to the consumers, through consumer education, Reasons for consumer exploitation, , Rights given by Kennedy:1., 2., 3., 4., , The right to safety, The right to choose, The right to information, The right to be heard, , 1. Greed of businessperson, 2. Lack of awareness among consumers, 3. Improper and inadequate monitoring of rules, and regulations, 4. Deceptive advertising, 5. Malpractices of businessmen, , 6. Sell of bad quality of products, Consumer disputes redressal agencies, District forum / court, 1. District judge nominated by the, state government, 2. these shall be two members of, whom one shall be a women, 3. Complaints where the value of, goods and services is less than RS. 20, Lakhs, The state commission / court, 1. A person who is or has been a High, court Judge is its president, 2. there shall be two eminent, members one shall be women, 3. Complaints value of goods and, service more than RS. 20 Lakhs and, less than 1 Crore, National commission / court, 1. Headed by a judge of supreme, court and appointed by the central, government, 2. These shall be 4 members one shall, be women, 3. Dispose of any complaints where, the claim shall exceed RS. 1 crore, Measures to save consumer from exploitation, 1. Consumer`s education, 2. Purchase of standardized goods, 3. taking cash memo and receipt, 4. Not to be lured( tempt) by Advertisements, , PHANEENDRA. N . Social Science teacher, Morarji Desai Residential School, Bachchahalli, Doddaballapur(T), Bengaluru Rural (D). Mob:- 9901712753, , Page 72