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RESOURCES, AND, DEVELOPMENT, , CLASS X (GEOGRAPHY)

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GEOGRAPHY: CLASS 10TH, CHAPTER 1: RESOURCE AND DEVELOPMENT, , RESOURCE, Definition of a Resource, “Something which can be used to satisfy our needs, is technologically, accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable is referred, as a Resource”., Physical Environment, , Technology, , Human, Beings, , Institutions

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CLASSIFICATION OF RESOURCES, , RESOURCES, Human, , Natural, , Renewable, , Continuous, or flow, , Non-Renewable, , Quantity, and Quality, , Biological, Recyclable, , Natural, Vegetation, , Structures and, Institutions, , Wildlife, , Non-recyclable

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NATURAL RESOURCES, Are those resources which are created by the nature., Example: land, water, wildlife, atmosphere etc.

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Resources have been classified on various basis, 1) On the basis of exhaustibility, Renewable resources:, , Non-Renewable resources:, , 2) On the basis of origin, Biotic, , A biotic resources, , 3) On the basis of ownership, Individual, resources:, , Community, resources:, , National resources:, , International resources:

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RENEWABLE RESOURCES, , Are those resources which can be renewed or, recycled or reproduced by physical or chemical, processes are known as renewable resources, Example: Forests, Solar energy, Wind energy, etc

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NON – RENEWABLE RESOURCES, , Are those resources which take millions of years in, their formation and can not be renewed or, reproduced are known as renewable resources, Example: Coal, petroleum and natural gas.

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BIOTIC RESOURCES:, , These are obtained from biosphere and, have life such as human beings, flora and, fauna, fisheries, livestock etc.

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ABIOTIC RESOURCES:, • All those things which are composed of nonliving things are called a biotic resources. For, example, rocks and metals.

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INDIVIDUAL RESOURCES, , Are those resources which are operated by an individual, or group of individual., Example: land, pastures, ponds, water in wells etc.

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COMMUNITY OWNED RESOURCES, , Are those resources which are managed by the all, members of the community., Example: Grazing grounds, burial grounds, public, parks, picnic spots etc.

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NATIONAL RESOURCES, , Are those resources which are related to a particular, nation. Land resource are within the political, boundaries and oceanic resource up to 12 nautical, miles, Example: Minerals, forests, wildlife, oceanic resources, etc.

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INTERNATIONAL RESOURCES, , Are those resources which are managed by, international institutions. They belong to various, nations of the world., Example: oceanic resources, petroleum etc.

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On the basis of Status of development, , Example: Solar and, wind energy in Gujarat, and Rajasthan, , Example: Hydrogen, and Oxygen in water, , Example:, Forests,, Water,, Minerals, etc., , Example:, Soil,, Aviation, , Reserved resources, , Developed resources, , Potential resources, , Stock resources

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Potential Resources: Are those resources whose quality, and quantity is unknown because of the lack of technology., Stock resources: Materials in the environment which have, the, potential, to, satisfy, human, needs, but, human, beings, do, not, have, the, appropriate, technology to access these., Stock resources: Resources which are surveyed and their, quality and quantity have been determined for utilization., The development of resources depends on technology and, level of their feasibility., Stock resources: are the subset of the stock, which can, be put into use with the help of existing technical ‘knowhow’ but their use has not been started. These can be used, for meeting future requirements.

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DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES, , It is the process of developing the resources in order, to make them useful for satisfying human wants. Some, resources cannot be used directly. They have to be, processed to make them useful for satisfying our, wants., Ex: Land has to be cleared and, ploughed for growing crops. Water has to be taken to, the field to irrigate.

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PROBLEMS CREATED BY INDISCRIMINATE USE OF RESOURCE, BY MAN, , a. Many resources got depleted. Ex: Forest, b. Resources got accumulated in the hands of few, people. The society is divided into rich and poor., , c. Global warming, ozone layer depletion,, environmental degradation are other problems.

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SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, • The economic development which does not damage, the environment and at the same time takes care of the, needs of the future generations is called sustainable, development, • Sustainable Development is important because:, 1) Many of the resources are nonrenewable and exhaustible. Over exploitation of these, resources will affect the needs of our future, generations., 2) Environmental pollution has, become a major threat to the survival of human beings

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RESOURCE PLANNING, • Resource planning is a technique or skill of proper utilization of, resources., STAGES OF RESOURCE PLANNING, a) IDENTIFICATION AND LISTING OF RESOURCES, Surveying, mapping and the measurement of, the qualities and the quantities of the resources are the important, activities undertaken at this stage., b) PLANNING FOR EXPLOITATION, Develop a planning structure with suitable, technology, skill and institutional setup., , c) MATCH RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PLANS WITH NATIONAL, DEVELOPMENT PLANS.

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IMPORTANCE OF RESOURCE PLANNING, It is necessary for the balanced development of India., 1) Some regions of India are rich in certain resources and poor in, some other resources., Ex: Rajasthan is poor in water resources but rich in solar, and wind energy., 2) Some regions are self sufficient while other regions are very, poor in important resources. Ex: Madhya Pradesh is rich in many, resources but Ladakh is poor in resources., 3) Wastage of resources can be avoided by planning., 4) Environmental pollution can be reduced., 5) Over exploitation of resources can be avoided.

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RESOURCE CONSERVATION, • Planned use of resources in order to meet the present, needs and to store a part for the future generations is, called resource conservation., It is necessary because, 1) Many resources are non-renewable, and exhaustible. If we conserve them we can use them, for a longer period of time., 2) Conservation of resources helps us, to reduce wastage. It will help in economic progress., 3) Resource conservation helps us to, protect the environment.

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IDEAS OF GANDHIJI ABOUT THE CONSERVATION OF, RESOURCES., • According to Gandhiji, “There is enough for, everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed., • Greedy and selfish individuals and the exploitative, nature of modern technology are the root cause for, resource depletion., • He was against mass production and wanted to, replace it with production by masses.