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Oral Comprehension Check, Page 18,19, , Question 1., , Where did the ceremonies take place ? Can you, name any public buildings in India that are made, of sandstones?, , Answer:, , The ceremonies took place in the campus of the, Union Building of Pretoria, which were attended by, dignitaries and leaders of many nations. In India;, Rashtrapati Bhavan and Red Fort are buildings, made of red sandstone., , Question 2., , Can you say how 10th May is an ‘autumn day’ in, South Africa?, , Answer:, , As South Africa is in the Southern Hemisphere,, may falls in the autumn season. Thus 10th May is, an ‘autumn day’.

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Question 3., , At the beginning of his speech, Mandela mentions, “an extraordinary human disaster”. What does he, mean by this? What is the “glorious human, achievement” he speaks of at the end?, , Answer:, , By ‘an extraordinary human disaster’ Mandela, means to state the practice of apartheid in South, Africa. During this there was a racial segregation, based on colour and the blacks suffered a lot., They were not allowed to demand freedom or any, right. Mandela himself did spend many years on, infamous ‘Robben Island’ as a prisoner where he, was beaten mercilessly. He considered it as great, glorious human achievement that a black person, became the President of a country where the, blacks were not even considered human beings, and were treated badly.

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Question 4., , What does Mandela thank the international, leaders for ?, , Answer:, , Mandela felt very privileged to welcome the, international leaders at the swearing — in, ceremony because not too long ago, the South, Africans were considered outlaws. He thus thanks, all of them for having come to witness the, historical ceremony. This was a gesture of, international recognition to a newly born free, democratic nation and it could be considered as a, common victory for justice, peace and human, dignity.

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Question 5., , What ideals does Nelson Mandela set for the, future of South Africa?, , Answer:, , Nelson Mandela set the ideals of liberating people, from bondage of poverty, deprivation and, suffering. He also set the ideal for a society where, there would be no discrimination based on gender, or racial origins.

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Page 21, , Question 1., , What did the military generals do ? How did their, attitude change and why?, , Answer:, , The highest military generals of South African, defence force saluted Mandela and pledged their, loyalty which was of great significance as during, apartheid era they would have arrested him. The, change in their attitude was because of struggle, and sacrifices put in by many heroes of South, Africa. This struggle not only ensured the freedom, of anation struggling with apartheid, bur brought a, change in mindsets of many. He believed that love, can also be taught and human being is naturally, inclined towards love rather than hate.