Page 1 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , Hydrogen Chloride Gas and Hydrochloric acid, 1. The statements given below pertain to HCl gas or HCl acid. Complete the statements, with appropriate words., (i) Hydrogen chloride gas is not dried by using __________ [conc. H2SO4/P2O5]., (ii) Addition of __________ [sodium nitrate/zinc nitrate/silver nitrate] to hydrochloric acid, gives an insoluble, ppt. of the respective chloride. This ppt. is __________ [soluble/insoluble] in ammonium hydroxide and, ________[soluble/insoluble] in dilute nitric acid., (iii) Hydrogen chloride gas on heating above 500°C gives hydrogen and chlorine gas. This reaction is an, example of __________ [thermal decomposition/thermal dissociation]., (iv)Addition of __________ [iron (III) sulphide/iron (II) sulphide/iron pyrites] to dilute hydrochloric acid, results in the liberation of hydrogen sulphide gas., (v) Iron reacts with hydrogen chloride gas forming _________[iron (II)chloride/iron(III) chloride] and, hydrogen gas. The reaction is an example of __________ [double decomposition/synthesis/simple, displacement]., (vi) Hydrochloric acid can be converted into chlorine by heating it with __________ [calcium oxide/lead (II), oxide], which acts as a/an __________ [oxidising/reducing] agent., (vii) Hydrogen chloride and water are examples of __________, [polar covalent/non polar covalent] compounds and the solution of hydrogen chloride in water, _________[contains/does not contain] free ions., (viii) An aqueous solution of HCl gas is named __________ [aquafortis/oil of vitriol/muriatic acid]., (ix) The salt obtained when rock salt reacts with conc. sulphuric acid below 200°C is a/an __________, [acid/normal] salt., (x) In the preparation of HCl acid from HCl gas, a funnel arrangement provides __________ [more/less], surface area for the absorption of gas., , 2. Select the correct words from the list given below to complete the following word, equations: metallic oxide, active metal, metal carbonate, metal bisulphite, metal, hydroxide, metal bicarbonate, metal sulphate and metal sulphide., (i) __________ + HCl (dil.) –→ Metal salt + water + Carbon dioxide gas, (ii) __________ + HCl (dil.) –→ Metal salt + hydrogen sluphide gas, (iii) __________ + HCl (dil.) –→ Metal salt + hydrogen gas (iv) __________ + HCl (dil.) –→ Metal salt +, water + sulphur dioxide gas, (v) _______ + HCl (dil.) –→ Metal salt + water, , 3. Select the correct word/formula from the choices given below:, (i) A substance which reacts with conc. HCl to liberate chlorine.[PbO/PbO2/PbCl2], ii) An acid which is not monobasic acid, [HNO3/HCl/HCOOH/ H2SO4], (iii) A metal which reacts with dil HCl to liberate hydrogen [Zn/Cu/Ag/Pb], (iv) An acid which is not an oxidising agent. [H2SO4 /HNO3/HCl], (v) A salt insoluble in cold water, but soluble in hot water. [(PbCl2/PbSO4/PbS], , 4. Choose the chemicals from the letters A, B, C, D and E, which match the descriptions, below, A. NH4Cl B. AgCl C. Ag(NH3)2Cl D. PbCl2 E. FeCl2, (i) A salt which is soluble in hot water, but insoluble in cold water., (ii) A salt which is insoluble in nitric acid, but soluble in ammonia solution., (iii) A salt obtained when a basic gas reacts with HCl gas., (iv) A salt obtained by the action of active metal with dil. HCl., (v) A salt obtained by dissolving insoluble metallic chloride in excess of ammonium hydroxide., , 5. A colourless gas G fumes strongly in the air. The gas gives dense white fumes when a, glass rod dipped in ammonia solution is held near the gas. Answer the following, questions:, 1
Page 2 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , (i) Name the gas G., (ii) Name two chemicals used in the preparation of the gas G., (iii) Write the chemical equations for the reaction of the chemicals named in (ii) when, a) The reaction mixture is not heated., b) The reaction mixture is heated above 100°C., (iv) Why does the gas G fume strongly in air?, (v) Why does the gas G form dense white fumes with ammonium hydroxide?, , 7. State the products formed and write chemical equations when the following substances, are treated with hydrochloric acid., (a) Calcium carbonate, (b) Magnesium hydrogen carbonate, (c) Ferric hydroxide, (d) Copper oxide, (e) Sodium nitrite, (f) Zinc sulphide, (g) Aluminium metal, (h) Potassium sulphite, (i) Potassium nitrate, 8. (i) Hydrogen is burnt in a greenish-yellow gas A and another gas B is formed. Gas B gives dense white, fumes with ammonia liquor. Name the gases A and B., (ii) Write chemical equations in support of your answer in 8 . Burning sodium is taken in the gas B, when it, forms a salt C and another colourless gas D. The salt solution of C gives a curdy white precipitate with, silver nitrate solution. The white precipitate is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide., (a) Name the salt C., (b) Name the gas D., 10. How can you distinguish between HCl gas and carbon dioxide gas by ONE test?, 11. Explain, why silver nitrate crystals are dissolved in distilled water and not in tap water in order to, prepare a solution of silver nitrate as a laboratory reagent., 12. (a) Name two gases that react chemically to form a solid., (b) Name a metallic chloride that is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide., , Ammonia, 1. Starting from (i) magnesium, (ii) calcium and (iii) aluminium how you can obtain ammonia gas. Support, your answer with chemical equations., 2. State two physical properties of ammonia that enable its separation from a mixture of NH3, H2 and N2., 3. How is the density of ammonia compare with air? Name two gases lighter than ammonia., 4. Ammonia gas is highly soluble in water. Name two more gases showing similar solubility., 5. A flask contains 2(vol.) of oxygen and 1(vol.) of ammonia. If the flask is lowered a coiled wire of platinum, and its ends are connected to a battery through a switch. The flask is sealed and the electric current is, switched on for 1 minute. Describe your observation and explain it by writing balanced chemical equations., 6. What is the chemical name of an aqueous solution of ammonia?, , 7. Write chemical equations for the conversion of :, (i) Ammonia to nitric acid., (ii) Ammonium hydroxide to ammonium sulphate., , 2
Page 3 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , 8. Write balanced chemical equations for reducing the action of ammonia with, (i) Lead (II) oxide, (ii) Excess of chlorine, , 9. State the chemical name and formulae of the following salts and a reason for their use :, I., II., , smelling salt, Sal ammonic used in dry cells., , 10. Name the gas evolved by choosing from the letters A, B, C and D in the following, statements., A. N2O B. NO C. N2 D. NO2, (i) Ammonium nitrite undergoes a thermal decom-position., (ii) A greenish yellow gas reacts with excess of ammonia., (iii) Dry ammonia and oxygen are ignited., (iv) Dry ammonia and oxygen are passed over heated platinum and then allowed to cool., (v) Ammonia gas is passed over heated litharge., , 11. Give balanced equations for the following conversions., A. 2NH4OH → (NH4)2SO4, B. (NH4)2SO4 ⎯⎯→ 2NH3, C. 4NH3 ⎯⎯→ 2N2, , 12. Give the balanced equation for the following, E. NH3 → N2, F. NH3 ⎯⎯→ NH4Cl, , 13. Select the most probable substance from D, E, F, G and H which must be added to, distinguish between:, I., II., III., IV., V., , Ammonium sulphate from ammonium chloride, Potassium sulphate from ammonium sulphate., Copper (II) oxide from Cu(II) chloride, Liquor ammonia from liquid ammonia, Ammonia and sulphur dioxide gas., , D. Conc. Hydrochloric Acid, E. Ammonia gas, F. Sodium hydroxide, G. Barium chloride, H. Phenolphthalein, , 14. Complete the statements by selecting the correct word from the brackets., (i) The gas most difficult to liquiefy is __________ [nitrogen/ammonia/hydrogen]., (ii) Ammonia in liquid form is __________ [basic/neutral/acidic]., (iii) The salt solution which gives white ppt. on the addition of ammonium hydroxide solution is, __________ [sodium sulphate/potassiam nitrate/magnesium chloride], (iv) Excess of ammonia reduces chlorine to ________ [NH4Cl/ N2/HCl]., (v) The alkaline behavior of liquor ammonia is due to the presence, of __________[NH+4 ions/OH– ions/H3O+ ions], , 15. Write fully balanced equations for the following reactions:, (i) Aluminium nitride is treated with warm water., (ii) Ammonium sulphate crystals are warmed with sodium hydroxide., (iii) Ammonium chloride is warmed with slaked lime., (iv) Magnesium nitride is treated with warm water., 16. (i) The formation of ammonia from its elements is an exothermic reaction. What is meant by, exothermic?, , 3
Page 4 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , (ii) Ammonia produced is removed from unchanged gases in one of the two possible ways. Mention the two, ways., , Nitric Acid, 1. State the colour of:, (i) Pure nitric acid., (ii) Nitric acid obtained during laboratory preparation., (iii) Nitric acid obtained in the laboratory is treated with water or air is blown through it., 2. Name two naturally occurring nitrates., , 3. Select the letters E, F, G, H, and I, which forms gaseous products of reactions 1 to 5., E. Nitrous oxide, F. Hydrogen, G. Oxygen, H. Nitrogen dioxide, I. Nitric oxide., I., Reaction of manganese with cold and dilute HNO3, II., Reaction of zinc with dilute nitric acid., III., Reaction of sulphur with conc. nitric acid., IV., Heating of ammonium nitrate., V., Heating of potassium nitrate., , 3. Give balanced equations for the following conversions, (a) Copper P⎯⎯→ copper nitrate Q⎯⎯→ copper oxide R⎯⎯→ copper, (b) Sulphur A⎯⎯→ sulphuric acid B⎯⎯→ sulphur dioxide., , 4. Match the observations given from 1 to 5 with respective reactions from A to E., I., II., III., IV., V., , Reddish brown fumes evolved and (conc.) reaction mixture is brown, Reddish brown fumes evolved and reaction mixture is blue, A brown solution is obtained, Reddish brown fumes evolved and residue is white solid, Reddish brown fumes evolved and residue is yellow solid., , (A) Heating of KNO3 +Cu + H2SO4, (B) Heating of conc. HNO3, (C) Heating of zinc nitrate, (D) Heating of Lead nitrate, (E) Reaction with acidified FeSO4+HNO3, , 5. Select the correct word from the list in brackets to complete each sentence :, (i) The nitrate which on heating melts and liberates only one neutral gas is, _________ [Pb(NO3 )2 /Ca(NO3 )2 /NaNO3 ]., (ii) The reaction of _________ [CaCO3 /CaS/CaO] with dilute nitric acid is an example of neutrilisation, reaction., (iii) Lead nitrate is a/an _________ [normal/acid] salt of nitric acid., (iv) The mineral acid obtained from conc. nitric acid on reaction with a non-metal is _________ [HCl/H2SO4, /H2CO3 ]., (v) The oxidised product obtained on reaction with H2S gas and dil. HNO3 is _________ [SO2 /S/H2SO4 ], 6. The two constituents of water gas can be separated by passing the mixture with extra steam over, a heated iron catalyst. One of the gases is oxidised and then is dissolved out under pressure in, water (or more easily in aqueous KOH). What is the name of the gas X left after this process has, been carried out?, The gas X can be mixed with one of the gases present in air and then used in the preparation of yet, another very important industrial gas., (i), Name the gas present in air., (ii), Name the important industrial gas., , 4
Page 5 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , (iii), , What happens when this gas is passed over heated cupric oxide? Write an equation., , 7. Fill in the blank spaces in the following statements :, Most of the nitric acid today is manufactured by Ostwald’s process. In this process, mixtures of pure dry, ammonia and air in the ratio of....................... by volume is first compressed and then passed over, ....................... at about .............................. °C., This results in the oxidation of ammonia into ......................... which combines with....................... of the air, to give ........................... This is an acidic gas from which nitric acid can be obtained by simply dissolving, in.................., , 8. Give equations to obtain each of the following, mentioning the necessary experimental, conditions., (i) To obtain nitric oxide from nitric acid., (ii) To obtain chlorine from concentrated hydrochloric acid., (iii) To obtain lead from lead monoxide., 9. (a) During a rainstorm, the rainwater contains traces of nitric acid. Explain., (b) Lead nitrate is heated. Write a balanced equation., (c) Explain briefly or give balanced equations to show how would you obtain:, (i) Copper oxide from copper nitrate,, (ii) Ammonia from ammonium chloride., (d) (i) Give two large-scale uses of nitric acid., (ii) A sample contains nitric oxide. The nitric oxide can be removed by passing the mixture through solution, “S”. Name the solution “S”., (iii), , Nitrogen can be obtained in its pure state by heating a mixture of ammonium chloride and, substance X. Name the substance X., , (e) Nitrogen dioxide is called mixed anhydride. Explain., , 10. Name:, I., II., , A metal that reacts with very dilute nitric acid to liberate hydrogen., A substance, on heating decomposes but does not leave any residue behind., , (c) What is the product of oxidation of ammonia in Ostwald’s process?, , 11. (a) Name, (i) A gas that dissolves in water to give an alkaline solution., (ii) A metal that reacts with very dilute nitric acid to liberate hydrogen., (iii) A salt that is insoluble in cold water, but is soluble in hot water., , (b) State the products of the following reactions :, I., II., , When ammonium nitrate is heated., When a mixture of ammonium chloride and calcium hydroxide is heated., , (c) Give chemical names for:, (i) Aqua fortis, (ii) Sal ammoniac., 12. (a) (i) Name a drying agent for ammonia., (ii) Name a nitrate of metal that on heating does not give nitrogen dioxide., (b) Name all the products formed when :, , 5
Page 6 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , (i), (ii), , Ammonium nitrate is heated., Ammonia is passed over heated copper oxide, , (c) Name all the products formed when ammonium chloride is mixed with sodium nitrite and the mixture is, heated., (d) Write a balanced equation for the preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate., (e) Under what conditions do nitrogen and hydrogen combine to form ammonia? State one large-scale use, of ammonia., (f) Write balanced equations for the following:, (i) Action of concentrated nitric acid on copper., (ii) Action of heat on sodium nitrate., (iii), Water is added to aluminium nitride., , 14. Name the products formed when:, (i) a mixture of carbon and conc. nitric acid is heated., (ii) Dilute nitric acid is added to copper., (c) Nitrogen prepared from the atmosphere is denser than nitrogen prepared by chemical reactions., Explain., , 15. Name the gas that evolved when the following mixtures are heated:, (i) Ammonium chloride and calcium hydroxide., (ii) Ammonium chloride and sodium nitrate., 16. (i) Sodium hydroxide solution is added to solution A, a white ppt. is formed, which is insoluble in excess, of sodium hydroxide. What metal ion is present in A?, (ii) Ammonium hydroxide solution is added to solution B, when a pale blue ppt. is formed. This pale blue, ppt. dissolves in excess of ammonium hydroxide to give inky, Blue colouration. Name the cation present in B. Name the probable colour of solution B., , 17. Copy and complete the following equations :, I., II., III., IV., , Mg3N2 + 6H2O —→, 2NH3 + 3CuO —→, 8NH3 + 3Cl2 —→, 4NH3 + 5O2 —→, , Sulphuric Acid, 1. Write equations for the preparation of sulphur dioxide gas from, (i) sodium sulphite, (ii) sodium bisulphite., 2. Write an equation for the preparation of sulphur dioxide from conc. sulphuric acid and copper., 3. State with reasons for how sulphur dioxide gas dried., , 4. How can you obtain sulphur dioxide from, (i) sulphur, (ii) ZnS, (iii) FeS2, 5. State two properties of sulphur dioxide that lead to its storage in large volumes., , 6
Page 7 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , 6. By writing the chemical equations, name the acid obtained when, (a) sulphur dioxide, (b) sulphur trioxide is dissolved in water., 7. Name a gas which is called acid anhydride of sulphurous acid., 8. How will you obtain (a) normal salt (b) an acid salt, starting from sodium hydroxide and sulphur dioxide?, 9. Name two gas which on passing through lime water, turn it milky., , 10. By stating the type of reaction and chemical equation, state, how sulphur dioxide gas, reacts with, (i) dry chlorine, (ii) chlorine water., 11. By writing equations, state two oxidising reactions of sulphur dioxide., , 12. Write chemical equations for the reaction of sulphur dioxide with, (i) Fe2 (SO4)3 sol. (ii) FeCl3 (sol), , 13. State what will you observe and write chemical equations when sulphur dioxide gas is, passed through an aqueous and acidified solution of, (a) KMnO4, (b) K2Cr2O7., 14. Why is bleaching of colouring matter by sulphur dioxide is termed a reduction reaction?, 15. State two differences between the bleaching action of sulphur dioxide and chlorine., 16. Write fully balanced equations when :, I., FeS2 (iron pyrites) is heated in air., II., , Copper turnings are heated with concentrated sulphuric acid., , III., , Potassium bisulphite is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid., , IV., , Sulphur is burnt in air or oxygen., , 16. When sulphur is burnt in the air, the gas so formed strongly fumes in moist air. Explain your answer., Write chemical equations., 17. Why is bleaching done by sulphur dioxide temporary in nature?, 18. Write chemical equations for obtaining the following from dil. sulphuric acid., a) Hydrogen, b) Carbon dioxide, c) sulphur dioxide, d) Hydrogen sulphide, e) A normal salt, f) An acid salt, 19. Write chemical equations for the conc sulphuric acid when the products of oxidation are :, I., carbon dioxide, II., sulphur dioxide, III., Copper sulphate, IV., sulphur, 21. How does hydrogen sulphide forms the following :, , 7
Page 8 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , I., Lead sulphide, II., zinc sulphide, III., silver sulphide, IV., copper sulphide, Give the colour of sulphides and write relevant chemical equations., , 22. Select the correct answer from the choices in brackets., (i) The reduced product obtained when hydrogen sulphide reacts with conc. sulphuric acid is __________, [SO2 /S/H2O]., (ii)The dehydrated product obtained when sugar reacts with conc. sulphuric acid is __________ [CO2, /CO/C]., (iii) The salt which reacts with dil. sulphuric acid to form insoluble ppt is __________ [Pb(NO3 )2 /NaNO3, /Cu(NO3 )2 ]., (iv) The oxidised product obtained when sulphur reacts with conc. sulphuric acid is __________ [H2 SO3, /H2 S/SO2 ]., (v) The type of salt formed when excess of caustic soda reacts with sulphuric acid is __________ [normal, salt/acid salt]., , 23. Write balanced equations for the following reactions., (i) Formation of an acid salt from sulphuric acid by a sodium salt., (ii) Formation of black spot on a piece of wood due to conc. sulphuric acid., (iv), , Formation of sulphur dioxide gas using a metal below hydrogen inactivity series., , (v), , Oxidation of a foul-smelling gas by conc. sulphuric acid., , (v) Formation of CO and CO2 by using conc. sulphuric acid., 24. State whether the following reactions are addition/reduction/oxidation/reactions:, (i) Acidified potassium dichromate to chromium sulphate., (ii) Chlorine to sulphuryl chloride., (iv), , Hydrogen sulphide to sulphur., , (v), , Iron (III) sulphate to iron (II) sulphate., , (v) Chlorine water to hydrochloric acid., 25. What will you observe when concentrated sulphuric acid is poured onto heat., (i) sugar crystals, (ii) copper sulphate crystals?, 26. (a) An important industrial reaction is represented by the equation 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3. The formation, of sulphur trioxide is exothermic. State the conditions of temperature and state the name of catalyst, required for the above reaction to take place., (b) Describe the change you would observe :, (i) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar., (ii) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to formic acid, HCOOH, and warmed., (iii) When burning magnesium is introduced into a gas jar containing sulphur dioxide. Name the products, formed and write an equation for the reaction., , 8
Page 9 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , (iv) In what capacity is sulphur dioxide acting?, 27. (a) A mixture of iron dust (iron filings) and sulphur was heated. The black solid residue M reacts with, dilute sulphuric acid to give a foul-smelling gas N. N when ignited burned with a blue flame and deposits a, yellow residue O. On passing N into lead(II) nitrate solution, it gave a black precipitate P and a colourless, solution Q., Name the substances M, N, O, P and Q and write an equation for each., , 28. How would you distinguish between sulphur dioxide gas and hydrochloric acid gas?, 29. (a) Both chlorine and sulphur dioxide bleach moist litmus paper. How would, You distinguish between these two gases by a chemical test?, (b) “Sulphur trioxide and water react to form sulphuric acid.” Sulphuric acid may act as each of the, following :, (1) An acid, forms sulphates which are soluble in water., (2) A compound, forming sulphates which are insoluble in water., (3) A dehydrating agent., (4) A drying agent., (5) An oxidising agent., Which ONE of the above properties 1 to 5 are shown by sulphuric acid when :, (i) concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar?, (ii) dilute sulphuric acid reacts with lead nitrate?, (iii) dilute sulphuric acid is added to sodium hydroxide solution?, (iv) hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through concentrated sulphuric acid?, (c) “Sulphur dioxide acts as an oxidising agent and a reducing agent.” Give one balanced equation for the, reaction in which sulphur dioxide acts as :, (i) an oxidising agent, (ii) a reducing agent., 30. (a) In the contact process, sulphur dioxide can be oxidised to sulphur trioxide in the presence of, platinised asbestos, which acts as a catalyst. The reaction is exothermic. Explain what is meant by the, terms in bold italics., (b) Give examples of the use of sulphuric acid., (1) As an electrolyte in everyday use., (2) As non-volatile acid., (3) As an oxidising agent., 31. Explain, briefly how you will obtain sulphur dioxide gas from sodium sulphite., 32. (a) When blue copper sulphate crystals are added to concentrated sulphuric acid, they turn white., (b) Name a catalyst used in the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid., (c) By describing one chemical test in each case explain, how you will distinguish between sulphur dioxide, gas and hydrochloric acid gas., (d) Give the formula of the substance which is responsible for tarnish on a silver spoon., (e) What is the name given to the salts of sulphurous acid?, (f) The contact process for making sulphuric acid can be outlined with four equations. Write them down in, order., , 9
Page 10 :
Sourav sir, M: 8972624998, , (g) Give two uses of sulphur dioxide., , 33. (a) Write down the word equations for each of the following reactions :, (i) Conc. sulphuric acid + Copper —→, (ii) Conc. sulphuric acid + Sodium chloride —→, (iii) Conc. nitric acid + Copper —→, (iv) Conc. hydrochloric acid + Manganese dioxide —→, (v) Sodium hydroxide solution + Zinc —→, (b) What is the formula for anhydride of sulphuric acid?, 34. Distinguish between a drying agent and dehydrating agent., 35. Name all the products formed when :, (i) copper is heated with conc. sulphuric acid., (ii) chlorine gas is passed through sulphurous acid., (b) Write a balanced equation when sulphur dioxide gas is passed through iron (III) chloride solution., (c) What is the function of concentrated sulphuric acid in the preparation of carbon monoxide from oxalic, acid?, 36. Whenever water is added to concentrated sulphuric acid or concentrated sulphuric acid is added to, water, a large amount of heat is liberated. But the acid dangerously spurts out only when water is added to, the concentrated acid. Explain the above observation giving a reason., , 37. (a) A compound X is warmed with dil. sulphuric acid. It gives off a colourless gas which turns acidified, potassium dichromate paper green. Name the anion present in the compound., (b) The following statements are correct only, under certain conditions. Rewrite each of the statements,, including appropriate condition (s) and underline them., (i) Sulphur dioxide is a bleaching agent., (ii) Oxalic acid and sulphuric acid react to produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide., (c) Write an equation to show sulphur dioxide is an oxidising agent., (d) What is the contact process employed for?, 2. Name two gases that combine during the contact process., 38. (a) (i) State your observations when a crystal of CuSO4· 5H2O is placed in concentrated sulphuric, acid. State one reason for your observation., (ii) What is the meaning of the term “water of crystallisation?”, (b) (i) Name two acids that can be prepared by using sulphuric acid?, (ii) Which property of sulphuric acid is used in preparing acids, named by you., (d) (i) Name another metal sulphide [excluding Iron pyrites] that on roasting produces sulphur catalyst., , 10
