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MBA/M.Com. III Sem (2021), •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Management Information System and Business Analytics, Entrepreneurship and new venture creation, Accounting for Decision Making, Electives 1, Electives 2, Dual Elective 1, Employability Skill Development - III, Industry Internship and Viva voce, Workshop on Project Planning & Management, Practice based experimental Learning III
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Teaching Plan, •, , UNIT 1. Information Communication & Computation Technology : 5 H, , •, , Session 1 : Information Concepts; Types of Information; Information, Technology – History, Present, & Future, , •, , Session 2 : Application of information technology, Uses of Information, Technology, , •, , Session 3 : Impact of Information Technology on Business, , •, , Session 4 : Recent Trends in Information Communication & Computation, Technology, , •, , Session 5 : Concept & Modeling of Ideal Information System, , •, , Assignment 1 : Answer the QB Questions of CH-1
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Teaching Plan, •, , UNIT 2. Information System Concept & Management : 10 H, , •, , Session 6 : Information System; Nature and functions of Management Information System;, Characteristics of Management Information Systems, , •, , Session 7 : MIS organizing issues; MIS - control issues, , •, , Session 8 : Strategic use of Information Systems - Information Systems for competitive strategy, , •, , Session 9 : Strategic Role of Information Systems, , •, , Session 10 : Strategic Use of Information Systems, , •, , Session 11 : Planning for Information; Information system Growth cycle, , •, , Session 12 : Techniques for Information Systems Planning - Derivation of information system plan, from organizational plan, Strategic grid, Strategy set transformation, , •, , Session 13 : Strategic Approach for Determining Information Requirements - Critical success factors, , •, , Session 14 : Competitive forces, , •, , Session 15 : Value chain ; Risks in Information Systems, , •, , Assignment 2 : Answer the QB Questions of CH-2
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Teaching Plan, •, , UNIT 3. Information systems for different levels of Management and Operations : 11 H, , •, , Session 16 : Information system at different levels in Organizations, , •, , Session 17 : Types of Information systems – Operating Support Systems, Management support, systems, , •, , Session 18 : Other Classifications of Information Systems, , •, , Session 19 : Expert System & Knowledge management systems, , •, , Session 20 : Strategic information systems, , •, , Session 21 : Decision Support Systems, , •, , Session 22 : Success and Failure of MIS; Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Definition, Modules,, Vendors, , •, , Session 23 : Information System Resources : Computer basics (H/w), , •, , Session 24 : Computer basics (S/w), , •, , Session 25 : DBMS, , •, , Session 26 : Communication Systems, internet and office automation, , •, , Assignment 3 : Answer the QB Questions of CH-3
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Teaching Plan, •, , UNIT 4. Electronic Business & M- Business : 8 H, , •, , Session 27 : Infrastructure for e-Business, communication networks for e-business,, , •, , Session 28 : Payment systems in e-business,, , •, , Session 29 : Impact of e-business on Business., , •, , Session 30 : Ecommerce in Indian Business Context,, , •, , Session 31 : Business Models for e-business., , •, , Session 32 : Legal and Ethical Issues in E-business and M-business, , •, , Session 33 : Ideal Business model, , •, , Session 34 : Realization of Ideal business model using Mobile Business model, , •, , Assignment 4 : Answer the QB Questions of CH-4
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Teaching Plan, •, , UNIT 5. Business Analytics & Predictions: 5 H, , •, , Session 35 : Concept of business analytics (BA), Decision Theory, Types of, decision Making, Decision making under certainty. Decision making under, uncertainty, , •, , Session 36 : Decision making under risk (EMV, EOL, EVPI), , •, , Session 37 : Business problems in decision making, , •, , Session 38 : Markov analysis, Concept, First order and second order Markov, analysis, , •, , Session 39 : Applications of Markov analysis. Solution to brand switching, problems, , •, , Assignment 5 : Answer the QB Questions of CH-5
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Chapter 1. Information Technology, Session 1 : Introduction to information, technology, - History, present & future of IT, • Business Case 1 : California Pizza controls, costs with IT, • Readings : 1. Data, Information, & Systems
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What is Technology ?, • Technology is an Enabler to solve problems of Society., • Technology is application of Scientific Inventions in, various fields & process to solve real life problems, related to Basic needs, Comfortable wants, and Dreamy, desires of Human beings., • Being a Professional in Management of Engineering &, Technology, you can contribute to solve one or more, problems of above category in Society by developing or, Managing new Product, or Process, or Application, or, Improvements in Technology.
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Technology Generations and their, characteristics, S., No., , Generations, , Technology, , Characteristics, , Era, , 1, , First Generation, , Mechanization, Technology, , Tools, Weapons, & Printing, (knowledge Era), , 4,000-2,800 B, , 2, , Second, Generation, , Steam Engine, Technology, , Industrial Revolution, (Industrial era), , 18th Century, , 3, , Third Generation Electricity, Technology, , Power generation & Usage, , 19th Century, , 4, , Fourth, Generation, , Automobile, Technology, , Long distance commuting &, Transportation, , 20th Century, , 5, , Fifth Generation, , Airplane & space, Technology, , International Travel &, Transportation, , 20th Century
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Technology Generations and their, characteristics (Continued), 6, , Sixth Generation Telephone Technology, , Distance communication, , 20th Century, , 7, , Seventh, Generation, , Video communication, , 20th Century, , 8, , Eight Generation Computer Technology, , Data Processing, , 20th Century, , 9, , Ninth Generation Internet Technology, , Data & Information, Communication, E-business, , 20th Century, , 10, , Tenth, Generation, , Mobile Communication &, Biotechnology, , Ubiquitous communication &, Bio-engineering, Gene, Therapy,, , 20th Century, , 11, , Eleventh, Generation, , Information, Communication &, Computation (ICCT), underlying Technologies, , Ubiquitous computing &, Communication, and Total, Automation, , 21st Century, , 12, , Twelfth, Generation, , Nanotechnology, , Solutions to nutritious food,, drinking water, renewable, energy, Nanomedicine &, Therapy, , 21st Century, , Television Technology
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Industry Generations & Characteristics :, Table 2 : Technology impact on Industry, S. No., , Progress of, Industry, , Characteristics, , Technology used, , 1, , Industry 1.0, , Mechanization – Energy based., , Water & Steam Power Systems, , 2, , Industry 2.0, , Mass Production – Knowledge based., , Electricity and assembly line, , 3, , Industry 3.0, , Automation Processes – Skill based., , Computer and, technology, , 4, , Industry 4.0, , Mass Customization, based., , 5, , Industry 5.0, (Predicted), , Mass Automation and 3D production ICCT, underlying, technologie, using Nanotechnology and ICCT including Artificial intelligence, controlled Super Intelligent Machine Virtual reality and Nanotechnology, systems – Intelligence based., , –, , Communicatio, , Experience Internet of Things (IoT) and 3, printing
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Education Generations & Characteristics, Based on Technology Impact :, S., Progress, of Characteristics, No. Education Industry, , Technology used, , 1, , Education 1.0, , Reading & writing, accumulation., , –, , Information Letters using ink on paper, Palm leaf, , 2, , Education 2.0, , Reading, and, understanding, Knowledge based study., , 3, , Education 3.0, , Automated mass learning, MOOC– Skill based training., , 4, , Education 4.0, , 5, , Education 5.0 [6], , Mass Customization using research, and innovation – Experience based, learning., Mass, Automation, using, Nanotechnology and ICCT controlled, Super Intelligent Machine systems –, Intelligence based., , – Paper & Book based type writt, knowledge, manageme, technology, , using Computer,, storage, Communication technology, , a, , MOOC Internet of Things (Io, based digital technologies, , ICCT underlying technologi, including Artificial intelligence, Virtual, reality, a, Nanotechnology
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Tech-human generations (TechGenerations), S. No. Generation, , Born Period, , Habits, , 1, , Silent Generation (or, Traditionalist), , 1930 - 1944, , Read News, transactions, , 2, , Boomers, , 1945 - 1964, , Watch Radio, Branch banking, use cash fo, small transactions, , 3, , Generation X, , 1965 - 1979, , Watch TV & Facebook users, Tec savvy bu, prefers personal transactions, , 4, , Generation Y (or, Millennials), , 1980 - 1994, , Cable based, transactions, , 5, , Generation Z, (or iGen or, Centennials), , 1995 - 2015, , Mobile devices,, banking, , 6, , Generation A, (Artificial intelligence, generation), , 2016 onwards, , Artificial Intelligence and virtual realit, embedded mobile devices, , Paper,, , Cash, , Internet,, Online, , &, , Barte, , Internet, , base, , games,, , Mobil
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What is Information Technology, • It is a Technology used to collect data, convert, them in to information, store the information in, database, retrieve the information whenever, required and share it with others located at any, distance., • Hence it is called ICT., • When processing is required => ICCT, , • ICCT=> Information Communication & Computation, Technology
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Information Technology, • IT is a Technology used to generate, process,, communicate, detect, store, compute, and, analyze Information to help or automate, decisions.
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Information:, The most valuable resource, in Decision Science (Business Management)
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Five Main Resources, Personnel, Material, Machines, , }, , – (including facilities and energy), , Money, Information (and data), , }, , Physical, , Conceptual, , TIME – Non earnable resource (exhausting)
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How Resources are Managed, Acquire, Assemble, or prepare, Maximize use, Replace
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Factors Stimulating Interest in, Information Management, , Increasing complexity of business activity, – International economy, – Worldwide competition, – Increasing complexity of technology, – Shrinking time frames, – Social constraints, , Improved computer capabilities, – Size, – Speed
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Fugaku, Japan’s new supercomputer, at the Riken, Center for Computational Science in Kobe, Japan., The machine carried out 2.8 times more calculations per, second than Summit, an IBM system in Tennessee, USA.
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Who are the Users of Information, Managers (Decision Makers), Nonmanagers, Persons & organizations in the firm’s, environment
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ENTRY TEST, 1., , What is Information Technology ?, , 2., , What are five main resources used in Busines, organizations ?, , 3., , What are the challenges for Managers while, handling resources, , 4., , Name two intangible/conceptual resources, , 5., , What are the factors stimulating in information, management ?
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What is Information Technology, Technology used to collect data, convert them, in to information, store the information in, database, retrieve the information whenever, required and share it with others located at, any distance.
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What are five main resources used i, Business organizations ?, Personnel, Material, Machines, – (including facilities and energy), , Money, Information (and data)
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What are the challenges for, Managers while handling resources, , , , , , Acquire, Assemble, or prepare, Maximize use, Replace
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Name two intangible/conceptual, resources, Money, Information (and data)
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What are the factors stimulating in, information management ?, Increasing complexity of business, activity, – International economy, – Worldwide competition, – Increasing complexity of technology, – Shrinking time frames, – Social constraints, , Improved computer capabilities, – Size
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Levels of Management :, , Top, Strategic, Planning, , Middle, , Management Control, (Tactic), , Junior, , Operational Control
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The Influence of Management, Level on Information Source, , Strategic planning level, , Environmental, , Management control level, , Operational control level, , Internal
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The Influence of Management Level, on Information Form, , Strategic planning level, , Summary, , Management control level, , Operational control level, , Detail
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Managers Can Be Found on All, Levels and in All Functional, Areas of the Firm, Strategic planning level, Management Control Level, Knowledge & Data Level, Operational Control, Level, Finance, Function, , Human, Resources, Function, , Information, Services, Function, , Manufacturing, Function, , Marketing, Function
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What is Data ?, • A series of non-random symbols, numbers,, values or words., • A series of facts obtained by observation or, research., • A collection of non-random facts., • The record of an event or fact.
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Examples of Data, 1. Today’s date, 2. Measurements taken on a production line, 3. Records of business transactions
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Data: raw material, unformatted information., Information: processed data (meaningful)., , Knowledge: understanding relationships betwee, pieces of information., Wisdom: knowledge accumulated and applied.
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What is Information ?, • Data that has been processed so that they, are meaningful., • Data that has been processed for a purpose., • Data that has been interpreted and, understood by the recipient.
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Examples of Information, • A bank statement, • A sales forecast, • A telephone directory
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Information, • Involves transforming data using a defined, process., • Involves placing data in some form of, meaningful context., • Is produced in response to an information, need and hence serves a specific purpose., • Helps to reduce uncertainty, thereby, improving decision behaviour.
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Data Transformation Process, •, •, •, •, •, , Classification, Rearranging / sorting, Aggregating, Performing calculations, Selection, Data, , Data, Transformation, process, , Information
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ENTRY TEST, 1., , What is Data ? Give examples., , 2., , What information ? Give examples., , 3., , What are the four levels in Management in an, organization ?, , 4., , Comment on type/nature of information, required at different levels of management in an, organization ?, , 5., , What are the different processes used to conver, data into information ?
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Value of Information, • Tangible Value, • Can be measured directly, usually in monetary terms., = Benefit of Information – Cost of gathering it, , Intangible Value, Difficult to measure or impossible to quantify., = Improvement of decision behaviour – Cost of gathering
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Qualities of Information, •, •, •, •, , Time dimension, Content dimension, Form dimension, Additional characteristics
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Attributes of Information Quality, Time, , Content, , Form, , Additional, Characteristics, , Timeliness, Currency, Frequency, Time period, , Accuracy, Relevance, Completeness, Conciseness, Scope, , Clarity, Detail, Order, Presentation, Media, , Confidence in source, Reliability, Appropriate, Received by correctperson, Sent by correctchannels
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Model of Decision Making, • Intelligence - Awareness that a problem exists, • Design, , Awareness that a decision must be made, - Identify all possible solutions, Examine possible solutions, Examine implications of all possible solutions, - Select best solution, , • Choice, • Implementation – Implement solution, • Evaluation - Evaluate effectiveness or success of decision, H. Simon (1977)
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Levels of Decision Making, • Strategic Level - Long term planning, • Tactical Level - Medium term planning, • Operational Level – Day-to-day control
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Decision Characteristics and, Management Level, Management, level, , Type of, decision, , Timescale, , Impact on, organization, , Frequency o, decisions, , Strategic, , Unstructured, , Long, , Large, , Infrequent, , Tactical, , ⇔ Semistructured, Structured, , Medium, , Medium, , ⇔ Semi, , Short, , Small, , Frequent, , Operational
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Information Characteristics for, Decisions by Management levels, Manage, ment, level, , Time, period, , Strategic Wide, Tactical, , ⇔, , Operatio Narro, w, nal, , Frequency, , Source, , Certainty, , Infrequent External Less, certain, ⇔, ⇔, ⇔, Frequent, , Internal More, certain, , Scope, , Detail, , Wide, , Summar, ed, , ⇔, , ⇔, Narrow Detailed
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What is a System ?, , • A collection of interrelated components that, works together towards a collective goal., • Its function is to receive inputs and transform, them into outputs., • Basic model of a transformation system, , INPUT, , PROCESS, , OUTPUT
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Generic Model of a System, Control, , Feedback, , INPUT, , PROCESS, , OUTPUT
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What is Information Technology, System ?, • An organized combination of :, •, People,, •, Hardware,, •, Software,, •, Communication networks, and, •, Data resources, •, that collects, transforms and disseminates, information in an organization.
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Major Processes IT & ITES :, , 1. Data Gathering : Internal & Externa, 2. Data Entry : Inputted & Stored in a, database, 3. Data Transformation : Software, programmes + decision of users, 4. Information Utilization :
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ESome Facts :, EThe information systems heavily dependent on, information technologies, E Are designed, operated and used by people in a, variety of organizational settings and business, environments., E The success of IS should not only be measured by, its efficiency in terms of minimizing costs, time and, use of information resources.
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It should be measured by effectiveness of, information technology in supporting :, E an organizations business strategies,, E enabling its business processes,, E enhancing effectiveness of its organizational, structures and culture, and, , E increasing the business value of the enterprise, in dynamic business environment.
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ENTRY TEST, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , What is Information ? Give Examples ?, How Data transformation takes place ?, What are the qualities and attributes required fo, information ?, What do you mean by value of information ?, What are the different phases in Decision making, process ?
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History of IT development, • Humans have been storing, retrieving,, manipulating and communicating, information since, the Sumerians in Mesopotamia, developed writing in about 3000 BC.
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History of IT development, , • The term information technology first appeared in a, 1958 article published in the Harvard Business Review;, • authors Harold J. Leavitt and Thomas L. Whisler, commented that "the new technology does not yet, have a single established name. We shall call it, information technology (IT).", • Their definition consists of three categories:, • techniques for processing, • the application of statistical and mathematica, methods to decision-making, and, • the simulation of higher-order thinking through, computer programs.
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Phases of IT development, • Based on the storage and processing, technologies employed, it is possible to, distinguish four distinct phases of IT, development:, • (1) pre-mechanical (3000 BC – 1450 AD),, • (2) mechanical (1450–1840),, • (3) electromechanical (1840–1940) and, • (4) electronic (1940–present).
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California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) started out in 1985, as a venture by two former federal prosecutors, who wanted to do something different., , They decided to sell "designer pizza" in which the, pizza dough is a "canvas" for exotic food toppings, such as Thai chicken, shrimp pesto, Peking duck,, or southwestern burritos., , By offering stylish entrees costing less than $10 in, a sit-down setting, CPK mushroomed into a, national chain of 70 restaurants in only nine, years, with PepsiCo buying half-ownership in, 1992.
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Success did not come easily to this Los Angelesheadquartered chain., , The restaurant business is a high-risk industry with, many factors that are beyond their control-like :, swelling competition, fickle customer tastes, and rising, real estate costs., Thus, restaurants need to tightly control food and, labor costs to remain profitable-without affecting the, quality of their food or service.
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CPK company is poised for another take-off. It hopes, to expand to 700 restaurants by using information, systems to control food costs and make employees, more productive., Since diners are turned away by high prices, the only, way to control costs is through inventory and portion, control -keeping precise track of the amount of, ingredients used in each menu item and stocking only, as much of these ingredients as each restaurant, actually needs.
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All California Pizza Kitchen restaurants installed pointof-sale (POS) devices, which capture data about each, item sold at the time the sale takes place., The sales data and inventory reports prepared by, restaurant managers are transmitted from each, restaurant to the company's central computer, where, the information is consolidated and analyzed.
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An application called Inventory Express "remembers", ordering patterns, such as the amount of lettuce a, restaurant needs each week, and also compares the, amount of each item used to what each restaurant, actually sold., , If, for example, a restaurant sold 100 Thai shrimp pizza, in one week, it should have used a predetermined, amount of shrimp, such as 40 pounds, based on portio, measurements established by CPK management., , Using more shrimp would indicate a problem with over, portioning or waste. Restaurants with out-of-line, portions would be told to take corrective action.
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The POS-derived data is used for other purposes beside, portion control. CPK's restaurant operations group use, the data to determine peak sales at each location so th, they can schedule employee work shifts. The data tell, food and beverage specialists how well each item sells, CPK found that it should get rid of its egg-salad pizza, fo, instance, when the item registered poor sales.
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California Pizza now has pilot projects to move to more, state-of-the art information system technology., Waiters and waitresses are experimenting with handheld point-of-sale devices, which management hopes, will boost productivity by reducing the amount of time, employees spend with customers., , The devices use radio frequencies to transmit orders to, a computer in the back of the restaurant, eliminating, the need for employees to run back and forth to a, stationary POS device to place orders.
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CPK can also use its information systems to calculate th, relative costs of different markets so it can determine i, it has a lower profit margin on Hawaiian pizza in, Maryland, than in Waikiki. (Pineapple should be less, expensive in Hawaii than in the northeastern United, States.), , CPK's corporate accounting department can use the, aggregated sales data to tally revenue and can manage, the accounts payable and accounts receivable processe, by combining that data with financial data residing on, central CPK computer.
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Business Case 2 : Smart Systems & Smart, working made Toyota No. 1., Toyota Motor Corporation is surpassed GM as the, world's largest auto maker, selling over 9 million, vehicles in 2006., It is also considered the world's best auto maker., 2018 : Toyota Motors Revenue = 270 Billion $., 2018 : General Motors Revenue = 147 Billion $, www.ststista.com/statistics/, , (Basic Account Free)
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Toyota stands for quality with efficiency., One key to Toyota's success is its production System,, which is based on lean production-eliminating waste, while optimizing value., Toyota has based its Smart business processes and, information systems on the principles of just-in-time, delivery, quality, and continuous improvement.
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The VP of Toyota : "you can achieve cost reductions and, at the, same time, make your customers happy through, implementation of smarter business processes.“, , Toyota Motor divisions around the world use information, systems to support these business processes. Vehicle, production is based on actual customer orders rather than, "best guesses" of what to stock in dealer showrooms, so, the company only builds cars that customers want, when, they want them, without additional delays or quality, problems.
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Toyota Motor Europe uses a vehicle orders, management system based on Oracle E-Business Suite, software to reduce the time it takes between placing, a customer order and delivering the vehicle to the, customer., The software integrates easily with the company's, existing systems and also with those of Toyota's, independent dealerships and national marketing and, sales companies, which run their own separate, information systems based on a variety of, technologies.
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This system encompasses several business processes. It, starts with the customer selecting a car and various, options, such as tinted windows or a navigation system., The dealer uses the system to configure a car with all of, the selected options in front of the customer and then, locates the best available car and options in the Toyota, supply chain, including vehicles scheduled for production, in the future., The dealer then uses the system to place the order, through national distributors, who consolidate the order, with those of their other retailers and place an order, through Toyota Motors Europe.
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Toyota Motor Europe consolidates orders from the national, distributors and places an order with Toyota's factories., Each car is then shipped and invoiced from the factory to, headquarters to national distributors to retailers, triggering, all related accounting processes at each step. National, distributors can use the system to monitor their orders and, those of different dealers and even "swap" cars with various, retailers., , The vehicle order management system has helped Toyota, reduce production time and the cost of maintaining materials, and finished cars in inventory, while increasing customer service, and satisfaction.
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Video Case : 1., PeopleSoft: A Collaborative Global Workforce, , PeopleSoft, Inc. was a company that provided human resource management, systems, Financial Management Solutions, supply chain management, custome, relationship management, and enterprise performance., Founder: David Duffield, Founded: 1987, Headquarters: Pleasanton, California, United States, Acquisition date: January 2005, Parent organization: Oracle Corporation, , SAP stands for Systems, Applications, Products in data, processing.
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Case Study - E-Seva, eSeva - an online community bill payment system,, in Andhra Pradesh to deliver government, information and services online to the state's, citizens
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Michel Porter 1998
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ENTRY TEST, • 1. What are the competitive forces affecting, the business of an organization ?, • 2. Who has developed Competitive forces, model ?, • 3. What are the strategies proposed to face, competitive forces by the M. Porter?, • 4. How IT can be used to become low cost, leader ?
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10 Top ERP Companies in India, •, •, , •, •, •, , •, •, •, , •, , 1. SAP, SAP is the most familiar name in ERP systems in India and is the, third largest software company across the globe. SAP offers the, most advanced modules of ERP which matches the business mode, of a corporate., Website: www.sap.com/india/pc/bp/erp.html, 2. Oracle, Oracle is a vital player in the ERP Software in India and holds, second position in Tier 1 Market. Oracle offers ERP software, including its Oracle Siebel, PeopleSoft and Oracle on demand, products for its clients., Website: www.oracle.com, 3. Infor, Infor Global Solutions is a private company offering ERP solutions in, India as well as have got strong global presence with client, database in more than 194 countries across the globe in 14, domains., Website: www.infor.com
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10 Top ERP Companies in India, •, •, •, •, •, , •, •, •, , •, , 4. Microsoft, An unbeatable name in the IT industry and providing ERP software, solutions in various business domains and Customer relationship, Management is a major one in that., Website: www.microsoft.com/en-in/dynamics/erp.aspx, 5. Epicor, Epicor was initially working with DOS and later on with a, collaboration with Windows, and started selling ERP solutions as a, package. With a global presence in more than 150 countries and, with more than 20000 customers., Website: www.epicor.com, 6. QAD, QAD offers Enterprise Application solutions with least migration, problems for its customers. QAD plays a vital role in Indian ERP, business with its great support to clients in rapid return of investment, made by their clients., Website: www.qad.com
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10 Top ERP Companies in India, • 7. Lawson, • Lawson is another player in ERP software business, with a global presence of more than 68 countries and, is specialized in tailor made solutions for small and, medium enterprises., • Website: www.softwareadvice.com, • 8. Sage, • Started in 1981, Sage is an UK based company, having strong presence in ERP application industry, and the company has grown in this field with major, acquisitions and that is the major strength., • Website: www.sage.com/us/erp
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10 Top ERP Companies in India, • 9. Consona Corp, • Consona caters its ERP services to various industries and is, very much active in ERP Software Companies in India, CRM,, knowledge management and other related fields in India., • Website: compiere.consona.com, • 10. ebizframe, • ebizframe is a SEI CMM Level 5 Company with the, accreditation of ISO. Noida based ERP manufacturing, company is known for the contents of the vital software and, also for building modules as per the requirements of different, industries. The long standing ERP company is on the 10th, position in the list, but recognized for its quality work delivery., • Website: www.ebizframe.com
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ICCT as Universal Technology, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Artificial Intelligence & Robotics, Blockchain Technology, Cloud Computing, Cyber Security, Data Science & Business Analytics, 3D Printing, Internet of Things, Mobile Communication Technology, Online Education. Training, Working, Quantum Computing, Information Storage Technologies, Virtual & Augmented Reality
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1. Application of Information, Technology (ICCT), • Science and Engineering :, • Business & Commerce:, • Education:, • Governance:
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• Medicine:, • Entertainment:, • Research & Development :, • Agriculture :, • Military :, • Information through Internet
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2. Uses of Information Technology, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Data/Information Storage, Databases, Data/Information Retrieval, Data/Information Transmission, Data/Information Manipulation, Information exchange
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3. Impact of information technology, on business, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , (1) Storage, (2) Marketing, (3) Information, (4) Communication, (5) Efficiency, (6) Competitive Advantage, (7) Economic Efficiencies, (8) Lowering the cost
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•, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Impact of information technology o, business, , (9) Lowering the wastage, (10) Identifying the market, (11)Identifying suppliers, (12) E-business opportunities, (13) E-transactions, (14) Online customer support, (15) Product/service differentiation, (16) Any type of value addition
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Impact of information technology o, business, • (17) Improving productivity, • (18) Business automation, • (20) Business information generation &, Storage, • (21) Enhancing long term profit, • (22) Expansion of business, • (23) Developing Business strategies etc.
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Benefits of IT in Business, • Business Data Processing :, • Enhanced Intra-organizational and Interorganizational Communication :, • Outsourcing of Business Processes:, • Support to BP Automation (Internet of Things) :
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•, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Recent Trends in Information, Technology :, , Business Developments :, Artificial Intelligence :, Cloud Computing :, Enterprise Computing :, Mobile Business :, Smart Card : Cyber Security & Blockchain Tech., Data Analytics & Business Intelligence, Integrated Business Processing using Internet of, Things. IOT, • Virtual & Augmented Reality
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Management Information System, • A IT system developed by experts to provide, required information to managers.
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1. Definition of MIS :MIS can be defined as a system that, (a) Provides information to support managerial functions like planning,, organizing, directing , controlling., (b) Collects information in a systematic and a routine manner which is, in accordance with a well defined set of rules., (c) Includes files, hardware, software and operations research models, of processing, storing, retrieving and transmitting information to the, users.
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2 Objectives of MIS :-, , (a) Facilitate the decisions-making process by furnishing informatio, , in the proper time frame. This helps the decision-maker to sele, the best course of action., (b) Provide requisite information at each level of management, carry out their functions., , (c) Help in highlighting the critical factors to the closely monitore, for successful functioning of the organization., , (d) Support decision-making in both structured and unstructure, problem environments., , (e) Provide a system of people, computers, procedures, interactiv, , query facilities, documents for collecting, storing, retrieving an
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3. Components of MIS :, , As predicted by McLeod, in 1986, a typical MIS is based on fo, major components. They are :, , (a) Data gathering – data required to the operations of th, , organization have to be gathered from both internal an, external sources., (b) Data entry – stored in databases., (c) Data transformation – in to useful information by means, , computer programs and judgements made by technical sta, and other system users., , (d) Information utilization – applied to decision makin
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4. Functions of MIS :, (a), , Collect data – Internal data can be collected from company, , records or reports, marketing data, financial data, production data, , personnel data and information compiled by manager themselves, External, , sources, , include, , trade, , publications,, , customers, , and, , consultants, government data, technology data, social change data, Economic data etc.., (b), , Store and process data – using computers., , (c), , Present information to Managers – for their use.
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5. MIS Resources :, People, hardware, software, data, and networks are the five basi, resources of information systems., E People resources include end users and IS specialists,, E Hardware resources consist of machines and media,, E Software resources include both programs and procedures,, E Data resources can include data and knowledge bases,, E Network resources include communications media and, networks., E. Data resources are transformed by information processing, activities into a variety of information products for end users., E. Information processing consists of input, processing, output,, storage, and control activities.
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People, hardware, software, data, and networks are the five, basic resources of information systems
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6 Characteristics of MIS :(, , a) Management oriented :, (b) Management directed :, (c) Integrated :, (d) Common data flows :, , (e) Heavy planning element :, (f) Flexibility and ease of use :
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7. Role of MIS :, (Information needs at different levels of Management) :, , The role of MIS in an organization can be compared to the, role of the heart., MIS, , =, , Heart, , Data, , =, , Impure blood, , Information =, , Pure blood
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Types of Information :, • Information collected in, Business/Organizational environment fall, into four general categories :, • (1) Personal information,, • (2) Operational information,, • (3) Administrative information, and, • (4) Departmental information.
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Announcements, • Answer Assignment Questions of 1 st Chapter in, Long 200 page Book., • Write 2 company names & topic for Case, Analysis (ERP/ERP user)., • Best ERP Company Analysis attracts Rs. 1,000, Cash Prize & a Job in that Company, • (6 assignments = 12 M) +, • (2 ERP Company Analysis = 4M + 4M = 8 M), • Register for SWAYAM Course in “Predictive, Analysis”.
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Video Case : PeopleSoft: A, Collaborative Global Workforce, • Area : Global E-Business How Businesses Use Information Systems, , • Case Summary: The PeopleSoft human resources managemen, system is designed to provide best practices in Internet-based H, management. The system includes four enterprise application, and seven collaborative self-service applications, all accessibl, through a single portal., • PeopleSoft uses its own system to manage its HR and expects, nearly 200% return-on-investment within 5 years. The system, eliminates the need to install any special software on the clien, side. Employees can access their human resources files simply b, using their Web browser. The efficacy of the portal enables H, managers to devote more time to business activities such a, recruiting, retention, and strategic development rather tha, spending time answering queries about benefits and vacatio, time. IT departments have only to worry about the server, an, PeopleSoft's single database architecture fortifies the accuracy o
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How to Analyze a Case Study, • A case study helps students learn by immersing them, in a real-world business scenario where they can act as, problem-solvers and decision-makers., • The case presents facts about a particular organization., • Students are asked to analyze the case by focusing on, the most important facts and using this information to, determine the opportunities and problems facing that, organization., • Students are then asked to identify alternative courses, of action to deal with the problems they identify.
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• A case study analysis must not merely summarize, the case. It should identify key issues and, problems, outline and assess alternative courses, of action, and draw appropriate conclusions., • The case study analysis can be broken down into, the following steps:, • Identify the most important facts surrounding the, case., • Identify the key issue or issues., • Specify alternative courses of action., • Evaluate each course of action., • Recommend the best course of action.
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1. Identify the most important facts, surrounding the case., • Read the case several times to become, familiar with the information it contains., • Pay attention to the information in any, accompanying exhibits, tables, or figures., • Many case scenarios, as in real life, present a, great deal of detailed information.
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2. Identify the key issue or issues., • To determine if a problem stems from, management factors, • To determine if a problem stems from technology, factors,, • To determine the role of organizational factors,, You will have to decide which of these factors-or a, combination of factors-- is most important in, explaining why the problem occurred.
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3. Specify alternative courses of, action, • List the courses of action the company can take to, solve its problem or meet the challenge it faces., • For information system-related problems, do these, alternatives require a new information system or the, modification of an existing system?, • Are new technologies, business processes,, organizational structures, or management behavior, required?, • What changes to organizational processes would be, required by each alternative?, • What management policy would be required to, implement each alternative?
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4. Evaluate each course of action, Evaluate each alternative using the facts and, issues you identified earlier, given the, conditions and information available., • Identify the costs and benefits of each, alternative., • Ask yourself “What would be the likely, outcome of this course of action?, • State the risks as well as the rewards, associated with each course of action.
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5. Recommend the best course of, action, • State your choice for the best course of action, and provide a detailed explanation of why you, made this selection., • You may also want to provide an explanation of, why other alternatives were not selected., • Your final recommendation should flow logically, from the rest of your case analysis and should, clearly specify what assumptions were used to, shape your conclusion., • There is often no single “right” answer, and each, option is likely to have risks as well as rewards.
