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INDEX, 2, Classification of Organism, The five kingdom system classification of organisms is proposed by Whittaker in 1969. He classified and organisms of the world N to S kingdom namely-, Kingdom –Monera, Kingdom – Protista, Kingdom - Fungi, Kingdom - Plantae, Kingdom – Animalia, The classification is based on three important characters as follows-, Type of cell – Either prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell., Body complexity – Either unicellular or multicellular., Mode of nutrition – Either autotrophic, heterotrophic or saprophytic., 3, STUDY OF KINGDOM-PROTISTA, Phylum – Protozoa, GENERAL CHARACTERS, These are simple, unicellular, microscopic, primitive organisms., These are motile and heterotrophic organisms., They shows unicellular level of organization i.e body made up of single cell., These are eukaryotic organisms, These are showing autotrophic mode of nutrition. Some of them are, photosynthetic or chemosynthetic., These occurs in aquatic habitat such as fresh water or marine water., These shows all types of symmetry, structural complexity and adaptations., Most of protozoan are solitary, colonial and freely mobile., Heterotrophic mode of nutrition., Digestion is intracellular, it is occur in food vacuoles., Excretion and osmoregulation takes place by means of contractile vacuoles., Locomotion occurs by temporary or permanent locomotory organelles like pseudopodia, cilia, flagellae, may be through contractile pellicle., Reproduction takes by asexual as well as sexual method., Asexual reproduction takes place by means of binary fission or by budding., These are provided with organelles such as mitochondria, food vacuoles,contractile vacuoles etc., 4, 1)Amoeba :, Kingdom –Protista, It is eukaryotic animal showing autotrophic or heterotrophic mode of nutrition., Sub kingdom –protozoa, These are primitive, unicellular organism., Phylum –protozoa, These are simple,unicellular organism., Sub-Phylum -Sarcodina, The amoeboid form is predominant., Class- Rhizopoda, Because Locomotion by pseudopodia., Type –Amoeba, Body shape irregular and transparent, Euglena, Kingdom –Protista, It is eukaryotic animal showing autotrophic or heterotrophic mode of nutrition., Sub kingdom –protozoa, These are primitive,unicellular organism ., Phylum –protozoa, These are simple, unicellular organism., Sub-phylum –Mastigophora, Locomotory organellies are flagellae., Class –Zoomastigena, Because locomotion by mean of flagella., Type – Euglena, Body is spindle shaped., Amoeba, Euglena, 5, 3) Paramoecium, Kingdom –Protista, It is eukaryotic animal showing autotrophic or heterotrophic mode of nutrition., Sub kingdom –protozoa, These are primitive, unicellular organism ., Phylum –protozoa, These are simple, unicellular organism., Sub-Phylum –Ciliophora, Nutrition is mixotrophic or heterotrophic, Class –Ciliopoda, Because cilia are present through the body surface.Locomotion by cilia., Type – Paramoecium, Because body is slipper shaped with mega and micronucleus., 4) Plasmodium, Kingdom –Protista, It is eukaryotic animal showing autotrophic or heterotrophic mode of nutrition., Sub kingdom –Protozoa, These are primitive, unicellular organism ., Phylum –Protozoa, These are simple, unicellular organism., Sub-phylum -Sporozoa, Locomotory organelles absent in adult., Class – Telosporea, Parasitic form with sexual and asexual reproduction., Type – Plasmodium, Life stage i.e signet ring is present in RBCs., Plasmodium (Singer ring stage)