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SSLC SOCIAL SCIENCE-I, Culture and Nationalism Text Book Questions and, Answers, Prepared by Win Plus Travel Youtube channel, , Question 1., Can you find out the objectives of English education in, India from his statement?, Answer:, •To prepare a generation that favors English life styles., •Compulsion to work with low wages., •Impose interest towards British culture., •To make people work under the British rule., •Sambath Kaumudi, Question 2., Did the British rule lead to the growth of Indian nationalism, ? Evaluate., Answer:, The British captured India in the 19th century. Their, culture, ideologies which entered in to the Indian society, was to be restricted. This was thought by those who, gained English education and democracy, liberty, equality,, scientific awareness, socialism and fundamental rights.
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They tried to modify the social customs and traditions and, to prevent the entry of English culture. This resulted in, restricting the inequalities and violation of rights which, prevailed in the Indian society and to inculcate nationalism, among Indians., Question 3., How did the ideologies put forward by Indian reform, movements create nationalism among Indians? Discuss, on the basis of the given hints:, Answer:, Opposition to Caste System:, Social reformers succeeded in creating a feeling of, universal brotherhood forgetting the bonds of caste and, religion., Advocating for Equal Rights:, The British had a feeling that they were racially superior, and it created a feeling of nationalism among Indians., British kept up the same even in the jurisdiction., Defending the instruction of foreign ideas and culture:, British captured India in the 19th century. Their culture,, ideologies which entered into the Indian society was to be, restricted. This was thought by those who gained English, education and democracy, liberty, equality, scientific, awareness, socialism and fundamental rights.
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They tried to modify the social customs and traditions and, to prevent the entry of English culture. This resulted in, restricting the inequalities and violation of rights which, prevailed in the Indian society and to inculcate nationalism, among Indians., Protest against social evils:, Caste system is a social protest against human equality., Raja Ram Mohan Roy protested against polygamy, child, marriage. Sree Narayana Guru fought against caste, system and social evils., Educational Development:, Raja Ram Mohan Roy strives for establishing modem, education in India. He explained the prominence of, Mathematics, Chemistry and Philosophy., Protest against the Discrimination imposed upon women:, Raja Ram Mohan Roy advocated for the right of woman to, own property. Brahmasamaj advocated for a higher status, of women in the society. ‘Prabha System’ was withdrawn, Widow Remarriage was established. ‘Sati’ was abolished,, polygamy was withdrawn, education for women was, advocated, Question 4., Examine the role of news papers in making people aware, of exploitation and violation of rights they faced.
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Answer:, News papers played an important role in making people, aware of their problems. Freedom of press was limited., Rulers tried to block the news which was against them., Social reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ramakrishna, Pillai brought the exploitation and violation through, newspapers. Ramakrishna Pillai questioned the kingly, powers and struggled for civil rights. Raja Ram Mohan Roy, protested against Sati, child marriage, illiteracy., Question 6., Prepare a speech on the role of the press in fostering, national unity and social reformation in India., Answer:, Dear friends,, With the entry of printing machine the cost of exchange of, ideas and knowledge has lowered. It was done by news, papers and many other journals. The British tried to control, but could not succeed. Newspapers brought out the cruel, face of the British. They played an import ant role in, organizing public discussions, political movements and, developing nationalism., Question 7., Identify the role of education from these observations., Answer:, •To bring about changes in society.
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•To maintain unity., •As technology and the culture changes, the role of, education evolves., •To equip people with the knowledge to make a positive, difference in society., •Helps instill values, attitudes and behaviors that align with, those expected in a society, Question 8., How did the advancement in education help nurture Indian, Nationalism., Answer:, Western education was helpful for the growth of Indian, nationalism. Indians became aware of brotherhood,, equality, liberty and self rule.The British was domineering, and had a discrimination over Indians. This wounded their, emotions. They decided to unite and fight against the, British. English became a common language of the, educated., Question 9., Following are some ideas envisioned in national, education. Read carefully. List the institutions that worked, for materializing these ideas., Answer:, Ideas of National Education & Institutions
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Secularism : Jamia Millia Islamiah, Nationalism:, , Deccan Edn Society, , Women empowerment: Vanitha University, Internationalism: Viswabharathi, Revival of traditional arts : Kerala kalamandalam, Protest against foreign rule and caste system: Central, educational institutions, Question 10., How did literature in various languages motivate Indian, nationalism? Discuss., Answer:, Literature motivated Indian nationalism. Protest against, British grew as a result of hatred. But literates and middle, class showed different ways towards them. They showed, their resentments through articles, novels, plays and news, papers. Subrahmania Bharathi, Tagore, Premchand, Althaf, Hussai Ali were the writers at that age. They wrote about, the agonies and atrocities faced by the people., Question 11., Prepare an essay on the factors that contributed to the, emergence of Indian nationalism., Answer:, •Role of painters:
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Painters played a vital role in the emergence of Indian, nationalism. Raja Ravi Varma visualised various scenes, from Indian epics and literature following the western, style. Nandalal Bose protested against ‘Sati’., Abanindranath Tagore pictured Bharath Matha giving, goods, cloth and knowledge to Indian masses. Painters, played an important role to be free from western style and, to promote Indian culture and nationalism., •Role of Literature:, Literature motivated Indian nationalism. Protest against, British grew as a result of hatred. But literates and middle, class showed different ways towards them. They showed, their resentments through articles, novels, plays and news, papers. Subrahmania Bharathi, Tagore, Premchand, Althaf, Hussai Ali were the writers at that age. They wrote about, the agonies and atrocities faced by the people., •Role of Newspaper:, The newspapers during the freedom struggle functioned, with the aim to create awareness on social issues, to help, them to participate in the national movement and to treat, any problem any where as a national problem. Indian, leaders depended on new papers to promote nationalistic, ideologies., •Journalism was a social service. They criticized the, British policies. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the first to, launch the news paper with the national perspective. His, Sambath Kaumudi in Bengali, Mirat-ul-Akbar in Persian, focused on social reformation, democracy and, nationalism. Following the same, many reformers and
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national leaders published newspapers in regional, languages., The British imposed strict measures to control the power, of press. The Vernacular Press Act by Lord Lytton in 1878, was one among them. As it restrained the freedom of, press in regional languages, the British withdrew the act, after a massive protest. The protection, circulation and, reading were a part of freedom struggle during those days., •Role of Education:, It was education that helped India to fight against the, British colonial supremacy and social inequality that, existed in India. Thus education created a nationalist, perspective among the Indians. The establishment of, national educational institutions was the important one to, inculcate nationalism. Through this, secular education was, imparted., •Role of Social reform movements:, Liberal outlook, passion for modernization and rationalism, that nurtured in India society in the 19th century paved the, way for the emergence of various social reform, movements., They had two main objectives., To eradicate evils and superstitions that existed in the, Indian society., Ensure civil right to education, travel and dress code.
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The socioeconomic situation in India was not favorable to, achieve these goals. So, proposals were advanced by the, reformers to bring about fundamental changes in the, society., •Eradicate caste system ., •Protect the rights of all ., •Eliminate discrimination against women., •Provide education to all., •Promote widow remarriage., •Abolish child marriage and eliminate the supremacy of, the clergy., , Let Us Assess, Question 1., ‘Indian nationalism was a form of protest against and, dissent to the British colonialism’. Substantiate., Answer:, By the 19th century, English culture and ideologies began, to intrude into Indian society. Some Indian leaders found it, necessary to resist this cultural invasion. Most of them, were English educated Indians who internalized the, concepts like democracy, liberty, rationalism, equality,, scientific temper, socialism, civil rights, etc.
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They ventured to reform the social customs and rituals, prevailed in the country, thereby to defend the invasion of, English culture. They tried to reform Indian society,, language, art and literature. It motivated to protest against, inequalities and violation of rights and created a sense of, unity among the people., Question 2., The news papers have a major role in unifying the people, of a country. Evaluate the significance of this statement in, Indian context., Answer:, The newspapers during the freedom struggle functioned, with the aim to create awareness on social issues, to help, them to participate in the national movement and to treat, any problem any where as a national problem. Indian, leaders depended on new papers to promote nationalistic, ideologies., Journalism was a social service. They criticized the British, policies. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the first to launch the, news paper with the national perspective. His Sambath, Kaumudi in Bengali, Mirat-ul-Akbar in Persian focused on, social reformation, democracy and nationalism. Following, the same, many reformers and national leaders published, newspapers in regional languages., The British imposed strict measures to control the power, of press. The Vernacular Press Act by Lord Lytton in 1878, was one among them. As it restrained the freedom of, press in regional languages, the British withdrew the act
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p, g, g g, after a massive protest. The protection, circulation and, reading were a part of freedom struggle during those days., Question 3., Evaluate how changes in education influenced the, emergence of Indian nationalism., Answer:, It was education that helped India to fight against the, British colonial supremacy and social inequality that, existed in India. Thus education created a nationalist, perspective among the Indians. The establishment of, national educational institutional the important one to, inculcate nationalism. Through this, secular education was, imparted., The Oeccan Education Society founded in 1884 in Pune by, G.G. Agarkar, Bal Gangadhar Thilak and Mahadev Govinda, Ranade was one of such educational institutions, established with a nationalistic perspective.The Swadeshi, Movement in 1905, after the partition of Bengal founded, many educational institutions. D.K. Karve started the first, Indian women University in Maharashtra in 1916., It was started for women empowerment. Many, educational institutions also developed for promotion of, nationalism opposition to social aids and rejection of, western education. Visvabharathi, founded by, Rabindranath Tagore focused on Universal brotherhood., Tagore aimed at a system that would bridge western and, eastern cultures.
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When the national movement became strong, under, Mahatma Gandhi, a team led by Maulana Mohammed Ali,, Shoukath Ali, Dr, Zakir Hussain and M. Ansari founded, Tamia Millia Islamia in Aligart. It was to strengthen, national movement through secular education. Intrusion of, western arts and education ruined Indian traditional arts., Initiatives were taken to defend the cultural invasion and, promote traditional arts. Kerala Kalamandalam in, Cheruthuruthy village of Thrissur established by Mahakavi, Vallathol Narayana Menon aimed at this.In 1937, Mahatma, Gandhi proposed Wardha education plan on vocational, education. He dreamt that it would build up a good future,, a generation to defend the British.
