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JAIGOPAL GARODIA VIVEKANANDA VIDYALAYA CHENNAI- 54, SUBJECT: SCIENCE, LESSON: 8, COMPONENTS OF FOOD, ANSWER THE FOLLOWING, 1. Name the major nutrients in our food., Ans. The major nutrients in our food item are, ● carbohydrates, ● Proteins, ● Vitamins and minerals, ● Fats, 2 what are deficiency diseases?, Ans Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are, called Deficiency diseases., 3. Define balanced diet., Ans. The diet which contains all the nutrients in proper proportions, needed for our body is known as a balanced diet., 4. What are nutrients?, Ans. The ingredients that we get from plants and animals contain, components that are needed by our body. These components, are called nutrients., 5. How can you test the presence of starch in your food item ?
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Ans, ● Take a small quantity of food items or raw ingredients., ● Put 2 or 3 drops of Iodine solution in it., ● If we notice Blue- Black colour , then we say that the food item, contains starch., 6. How can you test for protein in a given food item?, Ans., ● Take a small quantity of food items., ● If the food item is solid, make a paste of it or powder it., ● Put some of the powdered food item in a clean test tube and add, 10 drops of water and shake well., ● Using the dropper add two drops of copper sulphate solution, and 10 drops of caustic soda solution to the test tube and shake, it well., ● If the contents of the test tube changes into violet colour then, we say that the given food item contains proteins., , 7. What is Roughage?, Ans., ● Whole grains, pulses, potatoes , fresh fruits and vegetables are, the sources of roughage., ● Roughage does not provide any nutrients to our body , but it is, an essential component to the body and adds to its bulk ., ● This helps our body to get rid of undigested food.
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8. How is water useful to our body?, Ans., ● Water helps in absorbing nutrients from the food., ● Water also helps in throwing out waste from the body as urine, and sweat., ● We usually get water from the liquid we drink and fruits ,, vegetables we eat., 9. Write a list of any five diseases caused due to the deficiency or lack, of vitamins and minerals and their symptoms., Ans ., ● Night Blindness:, It is caused due to lack of Vitamin A in our diet, Symptoms :, The deficient person may have complete loss of vision or they may not, be able to see in dim light., ● Beriberi :, It is caused due to lack of Vitamin B in our diet ., Symptoms:, The deficient person muscles become weak and the, person will have very little energy to do the work., ● Scurvy:
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It is caused due to lack of Vitamin C in our diet ., Symptoms:, The deficient person has bleeding gums , healing of, wounds will take longer time., ● Rickets:, It is caused due to lack of Vitamin D in our diet, Symptoms:, Bones become soft and bent., ● Anaemia:, It is caused due to lack of Iron in our diet., Symptoms:, The deficient person becomes very weak and the body turns, pale., 10 . Write the different kinds of nutrients in our food and their, functions in our body and give their sources., , Ans. The different kind of nutrients in our food are, ● carbohydrates, ● Proteins, ● Vitamins and minerals, ● Fats and oil
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❖ carbohydrates, They provide energy to our body . The main carbohydrates found in our, food are in the form of sugar and starch., Source: Rice and Wheat, ❖ Protein, They are bodybuilding food . They help in repairing our injured part of, our body, Sources: Meat and pulses, ❖ Fats and Oil :, They provide extra energy to our body fats . Fats are the fuels for, various body processes., Sources: butter and ghee., Vitamins and minerals:, Vitamins and minerals help in protecting our body against disease., They also help in keeping our eyes , bones, teeth , gums healthy, Minerals are needed for proper growth of our body and to maintain, good health ., Sources: fruits and Vegetables.
