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STYLE OF GARDENING, , DR R CHANDRA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE, AMAR SINGH COLLEGE, LAKHAOTI, BULANDSHAHR
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INTRODUCTION, s The historic style of gardening originated in, , various parts of the world under the, influence of the country and its people., s The garden style s have been classified, differently based on following points of view, , s Esthetic:- aesthetic is used to talk about beauty, , or art, and people appreciation of beautiful, things, s Restraint and formal design developed mainly, by the Greek and Romans, s The romantic style
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THE HISTORICAL GARDENS WERE, INFLUENCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL, FACTORS, s Topography, s Country of origin, s Climate, s Vegetation, s Material of construction, s The people and their functions and, , purpose, such as for pleasure, comfort,, magnificence and display of social status.
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s The two most common garden, , designs based on form and space, are the formal and informal, design, s The third style which is less, common is wild style of, gardening
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IMPORTANT FEATURES OF A, FORMAL GARDENS, s First plant is made on paper and then land is, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, , selected accordingly, Land is leveled, Symmetrical design, Geometrical shape : Square, rectangular,, circular beds and borders, Roads and paths cut at right angle, Balance is symmetrical as same feature, replicated on both sides of central axis, Headge, edges and topiary are trimmed, Trees can be selected as individual feature, Eg. Mughal garden, Persian, Italian, French and, Americal garden
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IMPORTANT FEATURES OF INFORMAL, GARDENS, s Plant is forced to fit the land, s Main aim is to capture natural scenery, s Land is not leveled, s Asymmetrical design, s Non-geometrical beds and borders, s Untrimmed hedges, edges and topiary, s Individual plants are not selected, s Eg. Japanese garden, Chinese and English, , gardens
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s Free style of gardening combines best of, , both formal and informal styles are, selected to secure the most picturesque, effect., , s Wild style of gardening follows no rules, , but aim is to make the garden beautiful, and natural., , s Wild garden was expounded by William, , Robinson in, century, , the last, , decade, , of 19th
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THE MAJOR GARDEN STYLE, s ITALIAN GARDEN, s FRENCH GARDEN, s ENGLISH GARDEN, s PERSIAN GARDEN, s MUGHAL GARDEN, s JAPANESE GARDEN
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ITALIAN GARDEN, s These, , are formal romantic gardens, which were dominated by architectural, features, and flower beds and hedges, formed an integral parts of the, architecture., s The Italian gardens were also influenced, by the persian garden style.
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Characteristics of Italian Gardens, , s Very formal lines that, , intersect, s Result of hot climate, s Influences French, baroque gardens
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Italian Renaissance Gardens, , s, , Geometrically patterned beds, or parterres, are a distinct element of, the Italian style., s Traditionally, Italian gardens had few flowers. The plants were, primarily evergreens for texture and shape, often in manicured, topiary.
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Italian Gardens, s 19th, , century revival, Italian gardens are, based on:, s Steps,, urns, and, balustrades, s geometrical, to, serpentine
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Characteristics of Italian Gardens, , s, , Designed to be inspiring all year, round, , s, , Not dependent on color, Very formal, , s
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Characteristics of Italian Gardens, , s Fountains, s Sculptures, s Historic themes, s Water canals, s Contrast of sun and shade
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FRENCH GARDENS, s The early French gardens were based on, , Italian garden designs. However, the, french people were tried of the formal, Italian style which was very remote from, nature, s Consequently there was a development, of a new style known as the style of Le, Notre, at Versailles., s These, garden, give, an, effect, of, spaciousness, and, simplicity, and, appeared closely related to nature., s The Le Notre French style influenced, other gardens of Europe.
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Le Nôtre was known as, the greatest French, landscape architect
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French Gardens, , s Retains, , the, elements, geometric design, , of
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French Gardens, s Water, , features and, fountains, remain, important, with, highly, styled, elements, , s Color is, , introduced, to the designs
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French Gardens, s Stairs, , and, balustrades are also, incorporated, to, change, from one, terraced, area, to, another, , balustrades, , balustrades
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French, Gardens, , s The, , expansive, vista and topiary, hedges, remain, critical elements, but less statuary, is present., , Vista is a view from a, particular place
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English Garden, s In the early days, The English gardens, , were made around the monasteries., s In the 10th century the monks developed, herb and kitchen gardens with vineyards, and few varieties of flowers like rose,, hollyhocks, carnations, lilies and violets., These were mainly utilitarian gardens, s The pleasure gardens were introduced by, monks in the 14th century which were, formal walled garden with fountain,, arbour and trellis around all castles.
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English garden, s Later in the middle of the 16th, , century, during the reign of, Henry VIII, emereged the, formal tudor garden style, which, had, flower, beds,, topiary,, terraces,, sundials,, fountains, low shrubs and, plants, clipped hedges, green, turf and trees., s The, tudor gardens were, neither exclusively utilitarian, th, th, nor herbal., Henry, VIII of In the 17 and 18, England, centuries, the english garden
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English garden, s The people wanted a change in the garden, , style which resulted in the evolution of the, romantic style of landscaping in the 18th, century., s The romantic style was closer to nature, than the earlier formal style, with main, features like winding walks, group, planting of trees, waterfall and rivulets, against the natural background
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English garden, s During the Elizabethan period aesthetic, , value was of more importance than utility, in the garden., s In the early 19th century of the victorian, era, the naturalistic style of garden was, evolved in small english home garden.
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English garden, s The origin of the informal garden in, , england during the 19 th century became a, historic landmark in gardening which, spread out to different parts of the world., s Several beautiful exotic plants were, introduced from different countries in to, the english garden., s The wild flowers also found a place in, these modern informal naturalistic garden
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Formal English, Gardens, s The heavy influence of, , both, French, and, Italian gardening is, easily recognized., s Color, s More in keeping with, current style
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Formal English, Gardens, s Estate “Parks”, s Capability Brown, , removed much of, the formal gardens, in favor of a natural, design with streams, and swards.
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Blenheim Palace Park, by, Capability Brown
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Garden of Chatsworth House, by, Capability Brown
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English Gardens, s Highlight individual, , plantings, s Avent of the botanical, collector’s approach, s Cottage gardens
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Capability, BROWN (1716-1783) - the, Genius of English Garden, Landscape
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Lancelot "Capability" Brown :, the Great man in English Garden, History
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PERSIAN GARDEN, s The Persian garden style and the, , Japanese style both were based on, their respective ideas of heaven., s Except this similarity the two, styles differ widely from one, another., s The persian style were strictly, formal and symmetrical
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PERSIAN GARDEN, s They used for their gardens all cra ed, , material such as masonary, carved and, pierced marble, stones, and highly, polished stones., s If there was no natural source of water, this, was, created, artificially, by, diverting some rivulet or a stream., s The main stay of a persian garden, design was Nahars, of water- the, concept of persian paradise, “where, cooling water flows”
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PERSIAN GARDEN, s The selection, , and placing of trees, were very judicious., s The fruit trees represented the symbol, of life while Cypress symbolized death, and eternity.
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The garden in the Golestan Palace of Tehran
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Eram Garden is a famous historic Persian garden in Shiraz, Iran
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Dariush, Grand, Hotel, Kish, Island,, is, a, newly-built, Its garden combines elements of both Persian and Caribbean styles., , construction.
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Shazdeh Garden is one of the largest gardens of Kerman Province.
