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The individual cell of Volvox is spherical, elliptical or oval., It is biflagellate. The two whiplash type of flagella are, attached to anterior end. The cell has a thick cell wall, differentiated into outer firm and inner mucilaginous layer., Several contractile vacuoles (2 to 6 in number) are, distributed near the surface of protoplast. Each cell has, single cup-shaped or curved plate like chloroplast, which, possesses chloroplastic pigments characteristic of green, algae ie. chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b. carotenoids and, xanthophylls. The chloroplast is associated with 1 or 2, pyrenoids. Single nucleus is situated in the hvaline portion, of cytoplasm. The nucleus is connected with the, neuromotor apparatus consisting of blepharoplast,, thizoplast and centromere. Each cell has a single eye spot, at the anterior end., , , , , , , , STRUCTURE OF SINGLE CELL

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New colonies are produced within the, parenfcolonies during asexual reproduction., Only certain cells at the posterior end of the, colony take part in the asexual reproduction. The, size of these cells increases. They become ten, times larger. These cells are called gonidia., Gonidia develop numerous pyrenoids. There are, 5 — 20 gonidia in each colony. They produce, daughter colony within the parent colony., , Release of daughter colony: Sometimes, a pore, is produce in the wall of parent colony. Thus, daughter colony comes out from parent cells and, it become free. In some case, it remains within, the parent colony. The parent colony, , disintegrates and releases the daughter colony., , , , , , we we ye, VJ a ne)

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During its formation the protoplasm of, gametangium divides by successive and, simultaneous longitudinal divisions forming a, bowl shaped plate consisting of 64—128 male, cells. The number of male cells varies from, 16,32,64, 128 to 512 depending upon the, species. The bow] is then inverted in the same, manner as asexual colony. Each protoplasmic, piece gets differentiated into long, narrow,, conical motile antherozoid, It is uninucleate, and possesses a small yellow green or pale, green chloroplast. The mass of antherozoids, (spermatozoids) is released at maturity which, swims for sometime and then the, , antherozoids get separated.