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Rancidity, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, , Displaces a less active metal from its salt solution, , Displacement, Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s), , CaCO3 (s), , , Decomposes to form two or more compounds., , Decomposition, heat, CaO(s) +CO2(g), , Addition of two elements or compounds, to synthesis new compound, , Combination, C(s)+O2(g) CO2(g), , Heat absorbed, , Endothermic, Sunlight, 2AgBr(s) , 2Ag(s)+Br2(g), , Heat released, , & Equations, , Chemical Reactions, , When reactive metal surface is attacked, by air, water, etc. then under redox, reaction, metal gets oxidized to metal, oxide and oxygen gets reduced to oxide ion., , Corrosion, , Reduction, heat Cu+H O, CuO + H2 , 2, , •Addition of H2 Removal of O2, •Addition of O2 Removal of H2, , Oxidation Reduction, , Exchange of ions or reactants, , Double displacement, Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq), , reactions, , Types of chemical, , Oxidation, heat, 2Cu + O2 , 2CuO, , Rus, t, , It is mainly hydrated iran (III) oxide,, Fe2O3.xH2O. It weakens the, structure of the body, , Exothermic, CH4(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)+Heat, , Prevent, •by adding antioxidants, •use air tight containers, , when fats or oil in slowly oxidised, , form-equation, , Energy released: exothermic, , Energy absorbed: endothermic, , Thermochemical, changes, , Balanced Equation, , Reactions, , change in, , CHAPTER : 1 Chemical Reactions & Equations, , Physical state of elements written, as gas (g), liquid (l) and solid (s), , Reactants & products both balanced, , Elements with maximum atoms balanced first, , No. of atoms remains same, , Follows law of conservation of mass, , unbalanced equation (Skeleton equation), , e.g. 2Mg +O2 → 2MgO, , e.g. Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide, , Simplest way to write word equation, , temperature, , state, , Colour, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 1
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A process in which metal, reacts with substance present in the, atmosphere to form surface, compounds., , Metal + H2 → Metal Hydride, , Metal + Cl2 → Metal Chloride, , Metal + dilute acid → Salt + H2, Mg+2HCl →MgCl2+H2, , Metal + Water→Metal oxide +Hydrogen, 2Na+H2O →Na2O+H2, , Metal + O2 → Metal Oxide, 2Mg + O2 →2MgO, , Good conductor of heat and electricity, , Malleable and ductile, , High density, , High M. P. and B.P., , They are solids, , Metals, , The series of metals in, decreasing order of reactivity., K>Na>Ca>Mg>Al>Zn>Fe>Sn>, Pb>H>Cu>Hg>Ag>Au>Pt., , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, Na, , +, , e–, , 2, 8, 8, , (Na+), , (Chloride anion), Cl, , ××, , ××, ×, , ×, ×, , –, , of metals, , (Sodium cation), –, → Cl, , 2, 8, , ××, ×, × Cl ×, ××, , 2, 8, 7, , Cl +, , 2, 8, 1, , Chemical Properties, , Extraction, , Non-metals, , Formation of ionic compound, When a metal and a non-metal elements, are continued by the transferring of their, elections to form an ionic compound., eg. Formation of Sodium Chloride, Na → Na+ + e–, , and Non-metals, , Metals, , Activity series of metals or Reactivity, , Corrosion, , Chemical Properties, , Properties, , Physical Properties, , CHAPTER : 3 metals and non-metals, , Calcination, , Carbonate, , Non-metal + Cl2 → Non-metal Chloride, , Non metal + acid → No-reaction, , Non-metal+ steam → H2 + non-metal oxide, C(s) + 2H2O(g)→ CO2 (g) + 2H2, , Non-metal+O2 → Non-metal Oxide, C(s)+O2(g) → CO2(g), , Poor conductor of heat and electricity, , Non-malleable and non-ductile, , Brittle, , Low M.P and B.P, , Can be solids, liquids or gases, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 3
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Atomic Radius, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, , Increases across a period, Decreases down a group, , Non-metallic character, , Decreases across period, Increases down a group, , Metallic Character, , Increases down in a group, , Decreases across a period, , It states that the properties, of elements are the periodic, function of their atomic masses, , Mendeelev’s Periodic law, , It states that when elements, are arranged in increasing order, of atomic mass, the properties, of the eighth element are a, kind of repetition of the first,, just like notes of music, (Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ne, Sa), , Newland law of Octave, , Dobereneir triad Law, When elements were arranged in the order of, increasing atomic masses, groups of three, elements (triads) were formed. The atomic, mass of the middle element was roughly, the average of the atomic masses of the, other two elements., eg:- Li(7), Na(2 3), K(39), 7+39 46, —, So, K= —, 2 = 2 =23=Na, , Periodic, , First decreases and then increases across a period, Down a group: metals increases and non-metals decreases, , Chemical reactivity, , Periodic Properties, , Classification of Elements, , Old theories, , Electron affinity, , Decreases down a group, Increases across a period, , Ionisation potential, , Decreases down a group, Increases across a period, , •Alkali metals, 1st Group, •Alkaline earth metals, 2nd Group, •Boron family, 13th Group, •Carbon family, 14th Group, •Nitrogen family, 15th Group, •Oxygen family, 16th Group, •Halogens, 17th Group, •Inert Gases, 18th Group, , It states that the properties of the, elements are the periodic function, of their atomic number., 18 Vertical columns → Groups, 7 Horizontal rows→ Periods, , Decreases down a group, Increases across a period, , Electronegativity, , Names of the Groups, , Modern Periodic Law, , CHAPTER : 5 periodic classification of elements, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 5
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Circulatory system, in humans:, •Blood, •Heart, •Blood Vessels, , •Phloem, •Xylem, , Transportation in plants, , •Alveoli, •Lungs, •Bronchioles, •Bronchi, •Trachea, •Nostrils, , Three steps of breathing:, •Inspiration, •Gaseous exchange, •Expiration, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, Aorta to, body, , Pulmonary, vein to lungs, , Capillaries of body, organs apart from the lungs, , Vena cava, from body, , Pulmonary, artery to lungs, , Lung capillaries, , Double Circulation, in humans, , Respiration in Animals, (Human Beings), , Life Processes, , Nutrition, , In humans, kidney, helps in formation of urine, , Excretion, , CHAPTER : 6 life processes, , Basic unit of kidney- Nephron, Parts of Nephron:, •Bowman’s Capsule, •Glomerulus, •Proximal Convoluted Tubule, •Loop of Henle, •Distal Comvoluted Tubule, •Collecting duct, , In plants : Process involved is transpiration, , Parts of Alimentary canal, •Mouth (saliva), •Pharynx, •Oesophagus, •Stomach (HCl, Gastric Juice), •Small Intestine, •Large Intestine, •Rectum, , Steps included, in nutrition in animals:, •Ingestion, •Digestion, •Absorption, •Assimilation, •Egestion, , Autotrophic nutrition in plants., Process involved is Photosynthesis., , 6 ], Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10
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{, , •Cell body, •Dendrites, •Axon, , Unit of Nervous system: Neuron, , Gonads, •Ovaries – Oestrogen, Progesterone, •Testes – Testosterone, , Pancreas, Insulin, Glucagon, , Adrenal, Adrenalin, cortisol, , Thymus, Thymosin, , Parathyroid, Parathyroid Hormone, , Thyroid Gland, Thyroxine Hormone, , Pituitary Gland, Growth Hormone, Tropic, Hormone, Prolactin, Vasopressin,, Oxytocin, , Growth, Hormones, , Hormones, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, Reflex arc, , 31 pairs, , Spinal Nerves (arises from spinal cord), , Peripheral Nervous, System, , Nervous system in, Humans, , Spinal cord, , •Involuntary, •Sudden actions, , Reflex action, , 12 pairs, , Cranial Nerves(arises from brain), Hind brain, , Mid brain (Controls, involuntary actions, Change in, pupil size, Reflex actions), , •Cerebrum, •Thalamus, •Hypothalamus, , Fore brain (Thinking part of brain), , Growth of Pollen tube towards a chemical, produced by Ovule, , Chemotropism (Response to chemicals), , Response to water, , Hydrotropism, , Roots show positive, geotropism, , Geotropism (Response to gravity), , Shoots show positive, phototropism, , Phototropism (Response to light), , •Cerebellum: Controls posture and balance, •Pons: Controls involuntary actions, •Medulla Oblongata: Control involuntary actions, , Brain, , Plant Movements (Tropic, movements), , Central Nervous system, , Co- ordination, , Control and, , Receptors → Sensory Neuron → Spinal Cord → Motor Neuron → Effectors, , Autonomic nervous system, , Exocrine(Glands with Duct), , Glands in Humans, , Endocrine Glands (Ductless), , •Sympathetic, •Parasympathetic, , •Auxin, •Gibberellin, •Cytokinin, •Abscisic acid, •Ethylene, , Plants Hormones, , CHAPTER : 7 control and co-ordination, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 7
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Asexual reproduction, , •Spores covered by hard protective coat to withstand harsh, condition, •E.g.Fungus, •Under favourable conditions, spore germinates, , Spore formation, , •Breaking into two or more fragments, •Eg. Spirogyra, , Fragmentation, , •Bulb like projection comes out of the cells, •Reproduction through buds, •eg. Yeast, Hydra, , Budding, , •Through Leaves- Bryophyllum, •Through Eyes-Potato, •Through stem-Rose, •Through Roots -Dahlia, , Reproduction through, vegetative parts of Plants, , Structure of a flower, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, Seed dispersal, •By wind, •By water, •By animals, , Seeds, , Fusion of male and, female gametes- develops, into embryo, , • Contains embryo, • After fertilization, ovules, form seeds and ovary forms fruit, , Transfer of Pollen grains on, stigma of same flower, , Transfer of Pollen grains on, Cross stigma of another flower, Pollination, , Fertilization, , Pollination, Self Pollination, , Through Flowers, , Sexual reproduction in plants, , Reproduce ?, , How do Organisms, , Sperm, •Head, •Middle piece, •Tail, , Testis produces, , Female Reproductive, system, •Ovaries, •Oviduct, •Ova (egg), •Uterus, , Male Reproductive System, •Sperm duct, •Testis, •Penis, , •Fertilization : Ova (from ovaries), fuses with sperm (from testis), to form zygote, •Implantation of embryo in uterus, •Develops into baby, , Sexual reproduction, in human beings, , CHAPTER : 8 how do organisms reproduce ?, , 8 ], Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10
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1. Round Yellow, 2. Wrinkled Yellow, 3. Round Green, 4. Wrinkled Green, •Genotype, 9:3:3:1, , •Phenotype, , •Phenotype : All round yellow, •Genotype : Hybrid (RrYy), , F1 generation, , Dihybrid cross, , Law of Independent Assortment, , F2 generation, , • It states that recessive alleles, will always be masked by, dominant alleles., • In F1 generation, phenotype of all, plants are red., , Gregor John Mendel, (Heredity), , Monohybrid Cross, , Law of Segregation, , F1 generation, , Monohybrid Cross, , Law of Dominance, , •Phenotype : 3 Red : 1 White, •Genotype : 1 RR : 2 Rr : 1 rr, , F2 generation, , •Phenotype : All red, •Genotype : Rr, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, 22 autosomes, XX sex chromosome, , 22 autosomes, XY sex chromosome, , •Child who inherits a X chromosome from his father : Girl (XX), •Child who inherits a Y chromosome from the father would be a boy (XY)., , Female: 22+XX, , Male: 22+XY, , Sex determination in humans, , and Evolution, , Heredity, , Variations, , CHAPTER : 9 heredity and evolution, , Speciation (Formation of, new species), , Darwin’s theory of, Evidence, , •Somatic variation, •Gamete Variation, •Asexual variation, •Sexual Variation, , Vestigial, , •Genetic drift, •Reproductive isolation, •Geographical isolation, •Natural Selection, , Factors Affecting:, , Analogous Organs &, homologous organs, , Morphological and, anatomical, , •Micro-evolution, •Study of Fossils, , Palaeontological, , Organs present but no function, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 9
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Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , CHAPTER : 10 light: Reflection and refraction, , 10 ], , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here
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Causes, , •Different colours travel through a, glass prism at different speeds., •The angle between the extended, incident ray and the emergent ray, is called the angle of deviation. P, , •Twinkling of stars, •Planet do not twinkle, •Advanced Sunrise and delayed sunset, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, B, , N, , Atmospheric Refraction, , Q, , i, r1, N', , Human Eye, , M', , i i r F, 2, , G, , A, , D, e, R, , C, , M, , S, , Angle of deviation, , sunrise and sunset, •Blue colour of the sky, , •Splitting of light into its component colours, •Red colour deviates the least and violet, deviates the most., , Sun, , Rainbow, , t, Viole, , Refraction, , Refraction, White light, Dispersion, from the su, n B, C Total internal, Rain, reflection, drop, of spectrum, Red, D, , Phenomenon associated are dispersion,, refraction and total internal reflection., , It regulates and controls the amount, of light entering the eye, , Pupil, , Control the size of the pupil, , Iris, , Cornea, Controls and focuses the entry of, light into the eye., , Shows Tyndall Effect, , Dispersion of Light, , Retina, Delicate membrane having enormous number of, light sensitive cells, , Formation of Rainbow, , Provide the focused real, and inverted image of the, object on the retina, , Lens, , Structure of Eye, , Scattering of Light, , •Reddishness of the sun at, , Refraction, of Light through Prism, , and Colourful World, , Eye Defects, , Presbyopia, , Far Sightedness, (Hypermetropia), , Near, Sightedness, , Myopia, , Refraction of light by the earth‘s atmosphere, , Correction, Use of Convex lens of appropriate power, , Causes, (i) Focal length of the eye, lens becomes too long, (ii) Eye ball becomes too small, , Use of Concave lens of, appropriate power, , Correction, , (i) Excessive Curvature of eye lens, (ii) Elongation of eyeball, , Causes, , Use of bifocal lens, , Correction, , (i) Causes Gradual weakening of ciliary muscles, (ii) Diminishing flexibility of eye lens, , CHAPTER : 11 human eye and colourful world, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 11
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To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, , Cell +, , Wire joint, , Wire crossing, , Resistor, , Variable Resistance, , _, , Power, , Resistance, , Electricity, , Ohm‘s Law, , Wire, , Bulb, , Resistivity, , H = I2Rt, = VIt, 1 cal=4.18J, , Joule‘s Law Heating effect, , Symbols of Components of, circuit diagram, , I V, If physical conditions of, conductor remain same, , Fuse-wire, It saves to the appliances used in, household connection. It has low, m.p and made by alloy of Al,Cu,Fe and Pb, , Switch, , Dry cell, , Commercial unit of electrical energy, kWh (kilo watt hour), 1kWh= 3.6 ×106J=1 unit, , Unit (Watt), , P = VI=V, Rate which electrical energy, is dissipated, , /R=I2R, , 2, , R = R1 + R2 + R3, , Resistance in Series Combination, , 1, 1, 1, 1, = + +, R, R1 R2 R3, , Resistance in Parallel Combination, , R = V/I, , Danger of mishandling, electrical appliances, , •Electrocution, •Electrical Shock, •Bomb, •Fire, , +, , –, , –, , +, , Nature, of the material, , Temperature R∝ T, , Area of cross section, 1, R∝, A, , Length R∝ l, , Work done to move, a unit charge from one, point to another, , K, , A, , The closed path along which an, electric current flows., , Factors on which the, Resistance of a Conductor depends, , Electric Potential or, Potential difference, , A, L, SI unit=Ohm-meter( m), It depend upon the nature of material, =R, , Charge, Q, or I =, t, Time, , It's SI unit is ampere, deneted by 'A', , Electric current=, , Electric Circuit, , Electric Current, , CHAPTER : 12 electricity, , 12 ], Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10
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Thumb-Motion, , Field, , Force, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, , Neutral wire, , Live wire, , Earth wire, , Field, , Electricity, board's fuse, , Current, , Current, , Works on the principal of, Fleming's left hand rule., , Converts electrical energy, into mechanical energy, , Process by which a change in, magnetic field in a conductor, induces a current in another, conductor., , Induced, Current, , Magnetic Field, , Electricity, meter, Distribution, Box containing, main switch and fuses, for each circuit, , 220 V, , Common Domestic Circuits, , Fleming’s Left, hand rule, , Electric Motor, , Magnetic Effects, , Field lines due to, current in a solenoid, , Field lines around a bar magnet, , Supply electricity, to circuits within home, , P, , K, , (.), , Variable, resistance, –, , A, , +, , Field lines around a straight, conducting wire, , North to South Pole, , Field Lines, , –, , +, , The tangent at any point on the, magnetic field line gives the, direction of the magnetic field, at that point., , Representation of the magnetic, field path along which an imaginary, free north pole would tend to move., , Protects the appliances from, short circuiting (overloading), , Live Wire (Positive), , Neutral Wire(Negative), , Earth Wire (with green insulation cover), Safety measure to take care of leakage, , Magnetic Field Lines, , Fuse, , Domestic Electric Circuit, , Macquarie Fields, , of Electric Current, , Electric Generator, , Converts mechanical, energy into electrical, energy, , Electromagnetic Induction, , Motion of conductor, , Fleming’s Right hand rule, , Works on the basis of, electromagnetic induction, (Fleming's right hand rule)., , CHAPTER : 13 magnetic effects of electric current, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 13
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Potential Energy, , Nuclear Energy, Released during the nuclear, reaction, , Chemical Energy, Released by the action of, chemicals, , Released by vibrations, , Sound Energy, , Released by light, , Light Energy, , Released by electric current, , Electrical Energy, , Released by hot objects, , Heat Energy, , Possessed by Sun, , Solar Energy, , Possessed by moving objects, , Kinetic Energy, , Stored in stationary objects, , Sun, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, Biomass (Fuels), •Plants, •Animals, , •Coal, •Petroleum, , Fuels, , Derived from temperature difference between, water at the surface and at deeper level upto 20ºC, , Ocean thermal Energy, , Energy Sources, , Sources of Energy, , Fossil Fuels, , •Energy stored in food, through photosynthesis, , Plants, , •Primary source of energy, •Gives light and heat energy, •Provide stored energy in Fuels, Animals, Plants, , Energy Forms, , Uses, •Wind sailing boats, •Move wind turbine to produce electricity, , Wind energy, , •Stored in Dams, •Hydroelectricity, , Water, , •Steam rotate turbine to generate electricity, •In the form of geyser and hot springs, •Heat energy from Earth‘s core, , Geothermal Energy, , Radioactive Substances, , •Heat from nuclear energy to generate, electrical energy, •Uranium and Plutonium, •Heat from radioactive elements, , Characteristics of, good fuel, , • High calorific value, • Burn easily in air at a moderate rate, without giving out any smoke or harmful, gases., • Proper ignition temperature, • Easy to handle, safe to transport, , Energy can neither be created nor be, destroyed, but can be transformed from one, form to another., , Law of conservation of energy, , CHAPTER : 14 sources of energy, , 14 ], Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10
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•Forest, •Grassland, •Terrestrial, •Aquatic, •Pond, , •Crop, •Field, •Garden, •Aquarium, , Consumer, , Quaternary, , Consumer, , Tertiary, , Consumer, , Secondary, , Consumer, , hawk, , snake, , rat, , Natural, , Types, , •Soil, •Water, •Air, •Light, •Temperature, , Artificial, , raccoon, , fish, , larva, , dragonfly, , •Plants, •Animals, •Micro-organism, , Biotic, , Components, Flow of, energy, , •Food Web, , Ecosystem, , Representation, , Abiotic, , white shark, , seal, , fish, , zooplankton, , Primary, , larva, , phytoplankton, , algae, , mosquito, , Grass, , Producer, , grasshopper, , Biome, , Biome, , Level, , Primary, , Ocean, , Pond, , Biome, , Grassland, , Trophic, , •Food Chain, , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, Types of Wastes, •Biodegradable Wastes, •Non-biodegradable Wastes, , Wastes, , Our Environment, , Trophic Levels, , First trophic level: Producer, , •Ozone Depletion, •Problem of Waste Disposable, •Pollution, , Effects of Wastes, , Large Carnivores, , Fourth trophic level: Tertiary Consumer, , Small Carnivores, , Third trophic level: Second Consumer, , Herbivores, , Second trophic level: Primary Consumer, , CHAPTER : 15 our environment, , •Land Fills, •Recycling, •Sewage Treatment, •Incineration, •Use of Disposable:, paper cups, , Waste Management, , Producers, , Primary consumers, , Tertiary, consumers, Secondary, consumers, , Quaternary, consumers, , Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10, , [ 15
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•Bandharas in Maharashtra, •Khadins and Nadis in Rajasthan, •Kulhs in H.P., •Eris in Tamil Nadu, •Surangams in Kerala, •Kattas in Karnataka, •Ahars and Pynes in Bihar, •Bundhis in M.P. and U.P., , Making Dams, , Ganga Action Plan, , Forests are biodiversity, hotspots., , Stakeholders, of forests, , •Wildlife and Nature Enthusiasts, •People living around the Forest, •Government, •Industrialists, •You and Me, , Rainwater Harvesting, Techniques, , Water Management, , Management of resource wisely so they, meet current basic human needs, while preserving them for the needs of, future generations., , To know about more useful books for class-10 click here, Air Pollution, , Harmful Effects of Fossil Fuels, , Diseases, , Causes global warming, , • Alignment of Congestion, •Respiratory Disorders, •Throat Problems, , 3R‘s, , National Organization, , International Organization, to Protect Environment, , Renewable Natural, Resources, , of Natural Resources, , Management, , Sustainable Development, , •Chipko Andolan/ SL BAHUGUNA, •Amrita Devi Bishnoi/Khejri Trees, •A.K. Banerji to Save Sal Forest, , Three instances to Save Forest, , Non-Renewable, Sources of Energy, , Conservation of Forest, , •Coal, •Petroleum, •Natural Gas, •Metal Ores, , •Forest, •Trees, •Wildlife, •Solar Energy, •Wind Energy, , CHAPTER : 16 management of natural resources, , Use less, , Reduce, , Segregated waste can be recycled, , Recycle, , Use again, , Reuse, , Ministry of Environment and Forest, , Other Non-governmental, Organization (NGO’s), , Ministry of Non-conventional, Energy Sources, , Central Pollution Control, Board (CPCB), , Man and Biosphere Programme, , United Nations Environment Programme, , World Wildlife Fund (WWF), , Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), , Convention on International Trade, in Endangered Species (CITES), , 16 ], Oswaal CBSE Chapterwise Mind Maps, science, Class – 10
