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Interview, The interview method of collecting data involves, presentation of oral-verbal stimuli and reply in terms of, oral-verbal responses., This method can be used through personal interviews, and, if possible, through telephone interviews.
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Types of Interview, A. Personal Interviews :, ● Structured Interview, ● Unstructured Interview, ● Focussed Interview, ● Clinical Interview, ● Non - Directive Interview, B. Telephonic Interviews
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A. Personal Interviews, ●, ●, ●, ●, ●, , Interviewer and Interviewee, Face to Face Contact, Questions and Answers, Personal Investigation : on the spot, Indirect Oral Investigation : cross examination
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Types of Personal Interviews, 1. Structured Interviews :, ● Pre-determined questions, ● Standardised techniques of recording, ● Rigid procedure, ● Prescribed order
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Types of Personal Interviews, 2. Unstructured Interviews :, ● Flexibility, ● No pre-determined Questions, ● No standardised techniques of recording, information, ● Greater freedom to ask, omit, add questions., ● Requires deep knowledge and skills.
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Types of Personal Interviews, 3. Focussed Interviews :, ● Focus attention on the given experience of the, respondent., ● Freedom to decide the manner and sequence., ● Freedom to explore reasons and motives.
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Types of Personal Interviews, 4. Clinical Interviews : The clinical interview is, concerned with broad underlying feelings or, motivations or with the course of individual’s life, experience., The method of eliciting information under it is, generally left to the interviewer’s discretion.
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Types of Personal Interviews, 5. Non-directive Interview :, ● Interviewer encourage the respondent to talk about, the given topic with minimum of direct questioning., ● The interviewer acts as a catalyst to a, comprehensive expression of the respondents’, feelings and beliefs and of the frame of reference, within which such feelings and beliefs take on, personal significance.
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Merits of Personal Interviews, ●, ●, ●, ●, ●, ●, ●, ●, , More information, greater depth, Greater flexibility, Observation can also be applied, More Controlled, Non-response generally remains very low, Group discussions may also be held, Spontaneous reactions can be secured, Judgement about educational level
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Demerits of Personal Interviews, ● Expensive method for large geographical spread, samples, ● Possibility of the bias, ● Certain respondents are not be easily approachable, ● More-time-consuming, ● Trained and highly skilled interviewer required, ● Systematic errors may occure
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B. Telephonic Interviews, ● Contacting respondents on telephone., ● Plays an important part in industrial surveys,.
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Merits of Telephonic Interviews, ●, ●, ●, ●, ●, ●, , More flexible and faster, Cheaper than personal interview, Recall is easy, Higher rate of response than mailing, Replies can be recorded, No field staff is required.
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Demerits of Telephonic Interviews, ● Limited time, ● Surveys are restricted to respondents who have, telephone facilities., ● It is not suitable for intensive surveys where, comprehensive answers are required, ● Possibility of the bias is relatively more., ● Short and to the point questions.
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