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Adolescence Learner, Adolescence means ‘to emerge’ to achieve ‘identity’. It is a time for the maturing of mind and, behaviors. It is not an age, but a stage. It is divided into three major stages :,  Early adolescence : (10 to 12 years) growth hands, feet and later in the limbs. There is demand, , for independence and privacy, so chances of conflict.,  Middle adolescence : (12 to 16 years) there are further bodily and genetic developments,, specifically in girls. Girls develop into personal skills quicker, loyalty and commitment matter, more. The decisions of vocations and education are made.,  Late adolescence : (16 to19 years) and transformation towards adulthood. In late adolescence,, career decisions are finally traced. The child gradually returns to the family, on a new footing., Psychologically it is a period of transition, during which cognitive, physical, personality and social, changes occur. Sociologically, it is a period that fills the gap between dependent childhoods to selfsufficient adulthood. In India, the adolescent is dependent on his parents for many more years in, comparison to the West. The emotional dependence is also termed as ‘Delayed Adolescence’ that, can go up to 21 years and even up to 25 years.

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Adult Learner, Adulthood is mostly defined on the basis of age or cognitive maturity. While in India, adulthood is, defined between 15 to 35 years, UNESCO and Organization for Economic Cooperation and, Development defines it between 24 to 35 years. Adult learning process may be systematic learning, process, be it formal or non formal or informal, it may be self-mentored or corporate-sponsored, may, be undertaken as fulltime or a part time learner., With the maturity, the self concept of a person moves from being a dependent personality towards, one of being a self directed person. Adulthood is the stage where this transition occurs. Adults are, experiential learners. The person accumulates a growing wealth of experience that is used to make, sense of the environment. Adults may know more than the teacher. With maturity, the readiness to, learn becomes oriented to the development tasks of social roles, but contents must be relevant and, legitimate. The life application is critical.

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Characteristics of Adolescence Learner,  Academic Characteristics :,  A intense curiosity and a wide range of intellectual pursuit.,  High achievement when challenged and engaged.,  Prefer passive learning experience.,  Interest in interacting with peers during learning activities.,  An ability to self reflective.,  Demand the relevance in learning and what is being taught.,  Developing the capacity to understand higher level of humor.

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Characteristics of Adolescence Learner,  Social Characteristics :,  Experimenting with ways and acting as part of searching for social position with peers.,  Exploring questions of cross gender by direct or indirect ways.,  Liking fads and being interested in popular cultures.,  Over reacting to ridicule, embarrassment, and rejections.,  Seeking approval of peers and others with attention-getting behaviors.,  Interpersonal skills are being developed.,  Desire for guidance and directions.

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Characteristics of Adolescence Learner,  Emotional Characteristics :,  Mood swings marked by peaks of intensity and unpredictability.,  Needing to release energy, with sudden outbursts of activity.,  A desire to become independent and to search for adult identity and acceptance.,  Self consciousness and being sensitive to personal criticism.,  Concern about physical growth and maturity.,  A belief that their personal problems, feelings, and experiences are unique to themselves.,  Seeking approval of peers, and others with attention getting behaviors.

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Characteristics of Adolescence Learner,  Cognitive Characteristics :,  Somewhat systematic analysis of a problem.,  Logical approach towards a solution of problem – to move away from rote learning.,  Ability to use higher order structure to solve a problem.,  An understanding of the complexity of moral issues.,  Needing and being influenced by adults role models who will listen and be trustworthy.,  Judging others quickly but acknowledging one’s own faults slowly.

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Characteristics of Adult Learner,  Solution oriented approach,  Goal oriented,  Self Directed,  Often Skeptical about new information, prefer to try it out before accepting it.,  Seek education that relates or applies directly to their previous needs.,  Career Oriented,  Accept Responsibilities for their own learning.

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Difference b/w Adolescence & Adult Learner, Elements, , Adolescence Learner, , Adult Learner, , 1. Dependency, , Dependent on instructor, , Self Directed, , 2. Experience, , Little experience, few resources, , More experience with more resources, , 3. Objective, , Subject Learning, , Life and situation based learning, , 4. Motivation, , External motivation, , Self Motivation, , 5. Study, Environment, , Tense, Low trust, Formal, Authority, oriented, Competitive, Judgmental, , Relaxed, Trusting, Mutual respect,, Informal, Collaborative, Supportive, , 6. Need, Diagnosis, , By Teacher and teaching system, , Mutual assessment by learner and teacher, , 7. Learning, , Passive Learning, , Active Learning, , 8. Evaluation, , By teacher, , Self, peer, teacher evaluation

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Individual Differences, Individual differences are found in all psychological characteristics physical, mental abilities,, knowledge, habits, personality, and character traits., With respect to the learning characteristics, there are often large differences between the, characteristics of different learner and groups of learners such as children, students, professionals,, adult, older people and disabled persons. These groups differ in their motivation, prior knowledge,, expertise level, study time, and physical abilities, etc., Individual differences can be categorized on the following factors :, Physical Appearance, Intelligence, Attitudes, Achievement, Motor Abilities, Gender, Racial, Differences, Economic Status, Interests, Emotions, Personality, etc.

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