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7 SEI,, , * The report, Limits to Growth (1972), published, , by @ group of young scientiaw (Club of Rome) Limits to Growth, et snare ae a Technology The Umits to Growth in a popular 1972 boos, , immediately took the world by storm about the computer modeling of, , sconemic and population growth with finity, resource supplies. Funded by the Volkswagen, Foundation and commissioned by the Club of, , gaining enormous media coverage. It predicted, dire consequences if growth was not slowed, , down, , * The United Nations Conference on Human Hone Se aad See coe acon, ea 3 vei a . Symposiu, Environment (UNCHE) was organised in Dennis Meadows, Jorgen Randers and Witham, , Stockholm (1972) For the first time, the idea Behrens til, that the enyironment§ was a critical Five variables were examined in the otiginal, development issue was placed on the model, on the assumptions that exponential, , international agenda. It led to the establishment trowth accurately described iheit patentee, increase and that the ability of technology to, , of United Nations Environment Programme { a, (UNEP) The first director of UNEP, Maurice increase the Selby: er battens, Strong coined the term eco development, which toot een beaten food production and, PVE, | y * *) industr f :, , integrated dev lopment with environment resource depletion, protection. Since then, many milestones have Most scenarios resulted in an ongoing growth of, marked the journey towards — sustainable population and of the economy until to a tuming, development. point around 2030., , for environmental, , * During the UN Conference on Environment drastic measures, E Oy be suitable to change this, , and Development (UNCED) in 1992 at Rio de protection proved t0 be Sube! N thess, daneiro, the term broadened up into a full yee aan ae catia calculated in, concept of development bringing together es world population and wealth could, government and Non Governmental remain at a constant level. However, so far the, , necessary political measures ware nonnenrne, , Organisations (NGOs), industrialists, scientists,, , community groups and grassroots organisations,, It became one of the most important, , inter-disciplinary concepts that swept through, studies on environment, economics, sociology, Parameters of Sustainable, political science, life sciences and gender. Development, + By 2000, the concept of sustainable parameters of sustainable development refer to, development became firmly settled as a guiding the guiding principles that, document in all international organisations, 1. Help in understanding the concept of, Since then, the UN member states have been sustainable development., ome reports on the national status 2. Point out the problems associated with it., development programmes an based on, strategies and submitting them to the specially 3. Help to take active policy measures ioe, created UN body called UN Commission for stem, The parameters include cé, , Sustainable Development (CSD). i, * The term is modified for different user groups as and intra-generational equity, g, ‘sustainable human development, ‘sustainable ,, economic growth’, ‘sustainable socio-economic Inter-generational, , _ development’ and ‘sustainable —_local, maton com very rec in 2004, , , , , Scanned with CamScanner

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Environmental Space, , “The concept of environmental space is sim, radical in its implications, It tells us something ‘we all, know’ that there are limits to the rate at which We can, exploit the Earth's resources. And that we must make, , substantial cuts in resource use if we are to share fairly, with other parts of the world.”, , ple, yet, , Environmental space is the global total amount of, environmental resources such as energy,, non-renewable raw materials, agricultural land, forests, and absorption capacity, that humankind can use, without impairing the access of future generations to, the same amount. Environmental space is limited and, broadly quantifiable., , The minimum amount to be used is defined socially it, must be enough to overcome need and poverty. For all, EU and some CEE countries, only a small proportion of, people are in need, while many consume at rates that, exceed the ceiling. In many Southern n, other hand, only a few consume at exe, many are unable to live in dignit, average national income must be:, , Scanned with CamScanner

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podronmental Space is conceiyeg, F rtunity space with Bn as an, , environmental and a lower Social threshold, Old,, , qhe upper threshold js Rive:, resources aa, n-renewable materials, ene, ee, we can extract from the once ei, environmentally Sustainable ‘t ee, since, sustainable development par, social as well as environmental lees, , the environmental space i, for everybody Per capita is the, , Upper, , The lower threshold or floor is defined, as the minimum amount of resource =, needed Per person to have a dignified life, This equity principle is the expression of, the equal human right to use the global, resources as the common heritage of, humankind., , As modern economies do not only use, national resources but are built on, international commodities trade, the, calculation of the environmental space a, national economy uses has to be based on, an estimate of the global supply., , Living within our environmental space’,, between floor and ceiling, hence is a, , simple but operational definition of, the socio-environmental —_ concept of, sustainability., , Objectives of Sustainable, | ent, , tainable development is an, ‘ Eg ed through joint Cag, , terrelated parameters ani, Pas oth vertical and, - particularly, these can be, ealt as environmental sustainability,, nomic sustainability, social sustain, , and institutional sustainability., , , , , , , ee], , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Uveable cities, and, Communities, Environment, Abetter, Long-term of ile forall, Environmental members of, Practices society, ME, Business practices Economic, with low combined with sustainable ‘Social inclusion, environmental i pa ics hay i bringing economic, impact nomic Gro prosperity, Economy, , , , , , , , Objectives of Sustainable Development, , Environmental Sustainability, , This relates with maintenance of carrying capacity of natural, resource base and life support systems. This emphasises on, area of conservation of biodiversity hotspots, increase in, forest cover, watershed protection and adoption of holistic, approach., , Institutional Sustainability, , Plans and programs without action represent futile exercise, Strict. implementation and monitoring of relevant, environmental policies, plans, laws, regulations and, standards is indispensable to attain the goal of sustainable, , development., , Environmental Space, , ‘Scanned with CamScanner

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ainable Development, , Agreements at Earth Summit, , five agreements were signed 4,, conference. These are listed as follows. ate, , tic + The Framework Convention on Cc), tre that introduced measures dee as, es the threat of global warming, ee, + The Convention on Biological Di, \ versity which, ‘8 eer freporals aimed at pressing the, . £ Ss lological diversity through the, , protection of species and ecosystems., , . Agenda 21 This was an action plan, aimed at, introducing Sustainable development, which it, is hoped would guide government policies, , Pp throughout the world over the forthcoming, decades., , 2 * The Rio Declaration includes 27 principles, , d which was believed would guide action on, , development and the environment., Finally, the Forest Principles emphasising the, right of States to exploit thelr own forest, resources, While advocating general principles, of sustainable forest management., , Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be, , taken globally, nationally and locally by organisations, , of the United Nations System, governments and major, groups in every area in which human impacts on the, environment. The number 2! refers to the 21st century,, There are 40 chapters in Agenda 21, divided into four, sections., , They are as follows, , Section I Social and Economic Dimensions., , Section II Conservation and Management of, esources for Development., , Section TI Strengthening the Role of Major Groups, , Means of Implementation, , Section IV, : cular, 25 of Agenda 21 talks about the, me Baste a sustainable development., , 36 deals with promoting education, public, and training., , South, , eh ds, , i, , 223, , took place in eo cee mae he, 20 years afer the oe ro, Brazil in June, 2012,, fitRte: mark 1992, Barth Summit, At the Rio+20 conference,, with thousands of particip, ae NGOs and other gro, pe Nat = reduce poverty, advance, ensure environmental, protection on an ever more crowded planet., The official discussions focussed on two main, themes how to build a green economy to achieve, sustainable development and lift people out of, poverty and how to improve international, coordination for sustainable development., , AT Rio+20, more than $ 513 billion was pledged, to build a sustainable future. It signaled a major, step forward in achieving the future we want., , world leaders, along, ants from the private, ups, Came together to, , World Summit for Social, Development (WSSD), , It was held in Copenhagen in March, 1995. 11, was part of a cycle of global conferences, convened by the United Nations, This cycle, started with the United Nations Conference on, Environment and Development - the Earth, Summit in Rio in 1992., , The goal of the cycle of UN Conferences was 10, enrich the international agenda and to raise, awareness on the major issues and concerns of, the time, through cooperation of member states, , and participation of other actors in the, development process., Three core issues were addressed in, , Copenhagen are as follows, 1. Eradication of poverty,, 2. Promotion of full employment,, , 4, Fostering of social integration. m, 117 heads of state and government support : ws, ministers representing another 69 coun, , Social, adopted the Copen' oe, , hagen Declaration oF, ction. The, Development and the Programme of Actio!, , Scanned with CamScanner, , g