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16.1: Introduction, , 2007, , 1. Effect of pollution is observed first on, , (a) micro-organisms (b) food crop, , {c) green vegetation ({d) herbivores. (BHU), 2. World environment day is on, , (a) 11" July (b) 31" May, , (ce) S$ June (@) 7" April. (OJEE), , , , 16.2: Air Pollution and Its Control, 2016, , 3. Ascrubber in the exhaust of a chemical industry removes, (a) nitrous oxide (b) hydrogen sulphide, , (c) carbon dioxide (d) sulphur dioxide., (Kamataka CET), , , , 2015, 4. Acid rain is caused by increase in the atmospheric, concentration of, , (a) CO, and CO (b) 0, and dust, , (c) SO, and NO, (d) SO;and CO. (AIPM), 5. Which of the following are most suitable indicators of, , SO, pollution in the environment?, , (a) Algae (b) Fungi, , (c) Lichens (d) Conifers (AIPMT), 6. Examples of secondary air pollutants is’are, , (a) smog (b) 0,, , (c) PAN (d) all of these., , (J&K CEN), , 7. A-scrubber in the exhaust of a chemical industrial plant, removes, (a) gases like ozone or methane, (b) gases like sulphur dioxide, (c) gases like nitrous oxide, (d) particulate matter of the size $ micrometers or above., , (Karnataka CET), 8. Photochemical smog always contains, (a) 0, (b) CO, (c) CH, (d) PO,. (UP CPMT), , 9. The beauty of Taj Mahal is endangered due to, (a) degradation of marble due to high temperature, (b) discharge of industrial waste in Yamuna river, (c) air pollutants released from oil refinery, (UP CPM), , (d) riparian erosion., , 10. Match column I with column II., , Columa I Column I, P. Pollen grains {i) Photochemical smog, Q. PAN (ii) Particulate pollution, R. CO, (iii) Global warming, S. Cadmium (iv) Itai itai disease, (a) P-(ii), Q-(i), Ril), S4iv), (b) P-fiv), Q-{ii), R-{i), S-{ili), (c) P-{t), Q-(ii), R-(iii), S-Civ), (d) P-(iii), Q-(i), Rui), Siv) (WB JEE), 2014, , 12,, , 14., , A scrubber in the exhaust of a chemical industrial plant, , removes, (a) gases like sulphur dioxide, (b) particulate matter of the size 5 micrometer or above, , (c) gases like ozone and methane, (d) particulate matter of the size 2.5 micrometer or less., (AIPM), , A location with luxuriant growth of lichens on the trees, indicates that the, , (a) trees are very healthy, , (b) trees are heavily infested, (c) location is highly polluted, , (d) location is not polluted. (AIPM), , . Photochemical smog formed in congested metropolitan, , cities mainly consists of, , (a) ozone, peroxyacyl nitrate and NO,, (b) smoke, peroxyacyl nitrate and SO,, (c) hydrocarbons, SO, and CO,, , (d) hydrocarbons, ozone and SO,. (AIMS), Plants do not get benefit from, , (a) N; in air (b) O, in air, , (c) CO, in air (d)_ 0, inair. (AIMS), , 2013, , 15., , 16,, , The Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act came, into force in, (a) 1985 (b) 1990, (c) 1975 (da) 1981, (NEED), Which one of the following is not correct with regard, to the harmful effects of particulate matter of the size, 2.5 micrometers or less?, (a) It can cause respiratory problems., (b) It can directly enter into our circulatory system., (c) Itcan cause inflammation and damage to the lungs., (d) It can be inhaled into the lungs,, , (NEET Kamataka)

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Environmental Issues, {d) A-3,B- 1,C-2, , 17. Which one of the following is considered as industrial ., ion indi fe) A 1,B-2,C-3, ache — @ A-1,B8-3,C-2 (kerala PMT), ai ‘ . jt, c Bi val Tin ©) —— 24, Gases responsible for the acid rain are, (c) Bengal Niger (d) Biston betularia (AMU) {a) $0, ,NO, (by CO, CO;, 2012 {e) CH, 0; (d) Oy, NH) (OJEE), 18. selec the somes statement. 25. = 4 is caused by ou, (a) Particulate matter of size 10 um c a a 30;, damage to the lungs. vane een’ {c) $0, (a) COy (we JEE), {b) —— matter of size greater than 2.5 pm can 201 0, get trapped in lungs and cause problems. : es the quantitative, (c) Particulate matter of size less than 2.5 pum penetrate a” a abbreviation used for he —, @ poe ol {a) the density of bacteria in a medium, ‘, ‘ (AIMS) (b) a particular pollutant, 19, Green muffler is used against which type of pollution? {c) the dominant Bacillus in a culture /, (a) Ar (b) Soil (a). a certain pesticide. (AIPMT Prelins), Sa @) Notte (FMC) 27, The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was, 20, Lichens are good indications of __pollution. amended in 1987 to include one of the following as, (a) CO, (b) 0, pollutant, () CFC (d) SO, (BHU) (a) water (b) noise, 21. Consider the following statements with respect to (c) dust (d) none of these. (amu), pollution. 28. During the past 150 years the concentration of CO, has, increased approximately from, , ‘A. To control air pollution problems, by the end of, , 2002 all the buses of Delhi were converted to run (b) 120 ppm to 280 ppm, , (a) 200 ppm to 300 ppm, (d) 350 ppm to 450 ppm., (AMU), , (c) 280 ppm to 370 ppm, , on unleaded petrol., B. Electrostatic precipitator can remove over W%, particulated matter present in the exhaust from a 29, According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),, thermal power plant. the size of particulate matter is, C._ It is possible to estimate the amount of organic {a) 25pm (b) 2.5 pm, (c) 0.25 pm (d) 0.025 um. (BHU), , matter in sewage water by measuring BOD., , Of the above statements 40, Electrostatic precipitators are extensively employed to, , (a) Aalone is correct (b) Balone is correct control, (c) Calone is correct (d) Aand Bare correct (a) water pollution {b) air pollution, (Kerala PMT) (c) radioactive pollution (d) none of these. (QJEE), , (e) Band C are correct., 31. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?, , 2011, i i is incorrect i (a) PAN (b) Particulate matter, 2. Wichowe ote eninge STEN tewtee 8 Chrtreson, isocya cl, {a) Methyl isocyanate gas leakage took place . ; (uP, (b) Thousands of human beings died 32 — smog is ne, ioacti B, (c) Radioactive fall out engulfed hopal © CO, oy a wom, , ight of December 2/3, 1984. 2, (AIPMT Prelims) 33. Lichens are described as indicator of, , (d) Ittook place in the ni, (a) air pollution, , 23. Match the items of column I with column TI and select (b) water pollution, the correct option. {c) soil pollution, Column I Column Il 4) agriculture ivi, A. Electrostatic 1, Removes gases like o- — ey, 8 precipitator : 1, ag 2009, Se Ei automobi, rubber ule M. - taken hag Government of India to control air, ; x ution inch, Cc 3. Remo culate Catalytic ves parti (a) compulsory PUC (Pollution under control), , converter , matter <f nntt < . ., (8) A-2,B-3,C-1 (0) A-3,B-2,C-1 certification of petrol driven vehicles which tests, for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

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(b) permission to use only pure diesel with a maximum, of 500 ppm sulphur as fuel for vehicles, (c) use ofnon-polluting compressed natural gas (CNG), only as fuel by all buses and trucks, (d) compulsory mixing of 20% cthyl alcohol with, petrol and 20% biodiesel with diesel. (CBSE PMT), 35. Photochemical smog is caused by a light mediated, reaction between, (a) NO, and unsaturated hydrocarbons, (b) NO, and O,, (c) SO, and unburnt hydrocarbons, (d) SO, and O,., 36. Most harmful environmental pollutants are, (a) biodegradable, (b) corrosive agents, (c) non biodegradable chemical, (d) all of the above,, , 2008, , 37. According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),, which particulate size in diameter (in micrometers) of, the air pollutants is responsible for greatest harm to, human health?, , (a) 1.0 or less {b) 5.2-2.5, (c) 2.5 or less (d) 1.5 or less (CBSE PMT), , 38. Oxides of nitrogen and fluorides are responsible for, (a) reduction in crop yield, (b) chlorosis and necrosis of petals, (c) curling and discolouration of petals, (d) yellowing and shedding of leaves, (AMU), , 39. Most hazardous metal pollutant of automobile exhaust is, {a) Pb (b) Hg, {c) Cd (d) Cu. (BHU), , 40. Lichens indicate SO, pollution because they, (a) show association between algae and fungi, (b) grow faster than others, (c) are sensitive to SO,, , (d) flourish in SO, rich environment., , 41, Acid rain contains which of the following ?, (a) H,S (b) SO,, , (c) O; (d) CO,, , 42, Oxides of nitrogen combine to form, (a) photochemical smog (b) ozone, (c) smoke (d) particulate arn, , (UP CPMT), , 2007, , 43. Ina coal fired power plant electrostatic precipitators are, installed to control emission of, (a) NOx (b) SPM, (c) CO (d) SO,. (CBSE PMT), 44, Air pollutant responsible for damages in cereals, fruits, and cotton crop and also causing immature yellowing, and shedding of leaves is, , (AMU), , (QUE), , (BHU), , (UP CPIMT), , (a) ozone, (c) oxides of nitrogen, , (b) fluoride, (d) SO., , (AMU), 45. Acrosols reduce primary productivity by, , (a) decreasing O, concentration in atmosphere, (b) reducing photosynthesis, (c) competing with CO,, (d) being toxic to chloroplast., 46. Bhopal tragedy is caused by, (a) IAA (b) LIC, (c) MIC (d) LPG., , (BHU), , (OJEE), 47, Which of the following are the indicators of pollution?, (a) Lichen (b) Fungi, (c) Algae (d) None of these, (UP CPMT), , 16.3: Water Pollution and Its Control, 2016, , 48. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) may not be a good, index for pollution for water bodies receiving effluents, from, , {a) domestic sewage, (c) petroleum industry, , , , , , {b) dairy industry, (d) sugar industry., (NEET Phase-t!), , 49. A lake which is rich in organic waste may result in, , (a) increased population of aquatic organisms due to, , minerals, , (b) drying of the lake due to algal bloom, , (c) increased population of fish due to lots of nutrients, , (d)_ mortality of fish due to lack of oxygen., , (NEET Phase-tl), 50. The highest DDT concentration in aquatic food chain, shall occur in, (a) phytoplankton (b) seagull, {c) crab {d) eel., (NEET Phase-tl), , $1. Ariver with an inflow of domestic sewage rich in organic, waste may result in, (a) anincreased production of fish duc to biodegradable, nutrients, (b) death of fish due to lack of oxygen, {c) drying of the river very soon due to algal bloom, (d)_ increased population of aquatic food web organisms., (NEET Phase-l), 2015, , 52. Eutrophication of water bodies leading to killing of, fishes is mainly due to non-availability of, (a) essential minerals (b) oxygen, {c) food (d) light., (AIPM)

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Environmental Issues, , 53., , 54,, , 57., , Assertion : Presence of large amounts of nutrients in, , water body causes excessive growth of planktonic algac., , Reason : It is due to biomagnification,, , (a) Hf both assertion and reason are true and reason is, the correct explanation of assertion., , (b)_ If both assertion and reason are truc but reason is, not the correct explanation of assertion., , {c)_ Ifassertion is true but reason is false., , (d) Ifboth assertion and reason are false. (AIMS), , Assertion : BOD of a river polluted by sewage is more, , than 20 ppm., , Reason : Polluted river contains excess of organic matter., , (a) If both assertion ‘and reason are true and reason is, , the correct explanation of assertion., IF both assertion and reason are true but reason is, , (b), , not the correct explanation of assertion., (c) Ifassertion is true but reason is false., (d) Ifboth assertion and reason are false. (ANIM), The polluting strength of sewage is usually characterised, by its, (a) BOD {b) nitrogen content, , (d) eutrophication,, (&KCEN), , Eutrophication is the natural ageing of lake by, , (a) sewage enrichment —(b) nutrient enrichment, , (c) physical enrichment (d)_ fertilisers enrichment., (JPMER), , n of DDT in water is 0.003 ppb, then, f DDT in small fish is most likely be, , (b) 0.04 ppm, (d) 2 ppm. (JIPMER), , (c) ozone content, , If the concentratio, the concentration of, {a) 0,003 ppm, , (c) 0.5 ppm, , BOD refers to, , (a) the oxygen requi, of effluent, , the amount of oxygen, matter in 1000 mL of, , bacteria, the amount of oxygen released if all the organic, , matter in 1000 mL of water were oxidised by, , bacteria, the amount of oxygen released when all the organic, , matter was consumed by bacteria in | litre of water., (Karnataka CET), , red for bacteria to grow in 1 Litre, , consumed if all the organic, , (b), water were oxidised by, , (c), (a), , Phenomenon involving increase in concentration of, non-degradable pollutants from lower to higher trophic, levels is called, (a) biomagnification (b) bioaccumulation, , (a) bioinvasion., , {c) biodegradation, (WB JEE), , During waste water treatment, trickling filter is used for, {a) primary treatment, , (b) secondary aerobic treatment, (c) secondary anaerobic treatment, , (d) tertiary treatment. (WB JEE), , Which one of the following combinations is wrong?, (a) Rio convention - air pollution, , (b) Kyoto protocol - climate change, (c) Montreal protocol - azone depletion, _ wetland conservation, , {d) Ramsar convention (WB JEE), , 2014, 62. A citizen group called Friends of the Arcata Marsh, (FOAM) basically belongs 7 ) USA, ‘a) Germany, (o) Canada (a) UK. (aU), 63. The prime contaminants in lakes eutrophied by sewase, and agricultural wastes are, {a) sulphates and phosphates, {b) nitrates and on, c) nitrates and phosphates, ‘@ nitrates and carbonates. (au), 64. The process of nutrient enrichment of water, and, subsequent loss of species diversity is referred to as, {a) bi :, {b) biomagnification, {c) cutrophication, (d)_ nitrification. (Adu), 65. The term biomagnification refers to, (a) increase in concentration of non-degradable, pollutant through a food chain, (b) growth of organisms duc to food consumption, (c) decrease in population size, (4) increase in population size. (J&KCEN, 66. Hyacinth is termed as the Terror of Bengal. How does it, cause death of fishes?, (a) Covers the surface of the water that inhibit sunlight, to pass through, (b) Drains oxygen from the water that causes oxygen, deficiency, {c) Absorbs nutrients from the water that causes, malnutrition, (d) Releases carbon dioxide in a huge amount which is, lethal to fishes, W&KCEN, 67. Which of the following statements does not apply to, eutrophication?, (a) It is the natural aging of a lake by nutrient, enrichment of its water., (b) In a young lake the water is cold and clear and, supports less life., (c) The nutrients such as sulphur and 1S, aha the growth of aquatic iota, (@) Pollutants released by man radically accelerate the, aging process of a lake., (e) Overgrowth of algae leads to scum that depletes the, , level of dissolved oxygen in the water., , (Kerala PMT)

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68. “Floctis, (a) a mesh-like structure formed by the association of, bacteria and fungi filaments in sewage treatment, (b) the primary sludge produced in sewage treatment, (c) the effluent in primary treatment tank obtained, during sewage treatment, (d)_ a type of biofortified food. (Karnataka CET), 69. Which of the following is true for eutrophicated water, body?, (a) Rich species diversity (b) High mineral content, (c) Low organic content (d) High oxygen content, (karnataka CET), 70. With the rise of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, (a) remains unchanged, (b) increases in amount, ({c) decreases in amount, (d)_ is more available to the aquatic organisms., (WB JEE), 71, Main cause of eutrophication is, (a) fluctuation of temperature, (b) unusual growth of aquatic vegetations, (c) enrichment of nutrients, (d) abundance of microorganisms., , 2013, 72. ‘Knock knee’ syndrome occurs due to the pollution of, (a) nitrates (b) phosphates, (c) fluorides (d) heavy metals. (AMU), 73. Ina polluted environment, the maximum pollutant will, occur in, (a) primary producers (b)_ tertiary consumers, {c) secondary consumers (d) primary consumers., , 2012 —, , 74, In an area where DDT had been used extensively, the, population of birds declined significantly because, {a) birds stopped laying eggs, (b) earthworms in the arca got eradicated, (c) cobras were feeding exclusively on birds, (d) many of the birds eggs laid, did not hatch., (AIPMT Prelims), 78. Measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a, method used for, (a) estimating the amount of organic matter in sewage, water, (b) working out the efficiency of oil driven automobile, engines, {c) measuring the activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in producing curd on a commercial scale, (d) working out the efficiency of RBCs about their, capacity to carry oxygen, (AIPMT Prelims), 76, If a water body is contaminated with a toxicant, its, biomagnification will be more marked in, (a) water (b) planktons, (c) small fishes (a) birds., , (WB JEE), , (atau), , 77. Environment Protection Act, to protect and improve, the quality of our environmental air, water and soil was, , passed in the year, , 74, (a) 1971 {b) 19, (c) 1981 (a) 1986. (Alu), 78. Find the correct order of biomagnification of DDT in an, aquatic food chain., , (a) Water (0.003 ppm), zooplankton (0.5 ppm), small, fish (0.04 ppm), large fish (2 ppm), fish cating birds, (25 ppm), , (b) Water (0.003 ppm), zooplankton (0.04 ppm), small, fish (0.5 ppm), large fish (2 ppm), fish cating birds, (25 ppm) . , (c) Water (0,003 ppm), fish eating birds (25 ppm),, zooplankton (0.5 ppm), small fish (0.04 ppm), lange, fish (25 ppm), , (d) Water(0.003ppm),smallfish(0.04ppm),zooplankton, (0.5 ppm), large fish (2 ppm), fish eating birds, (23 ppm), , (e) Water (0.003 ppm), large fish (0.04 ppm), small fish, (0.5 ppm), zooplankton (2 ppm), fish eating birds, , (25 ppm) (Kerala PMT), 79. This is a nonbiodegradable pollutant,, {a) Sewage (b) Sulphur dioxide, (c) Oxides of nitrogen (d) Lead vapour, (Karnataka CET), 2011, 80. Eutrophication is often seen in, (a) deserts (b) fresh water lakes, (c) ocean (d) mountains., (AIPMT Prelims), 81. Black foot disease occurs due to, (a) cadmium (b) mercury, {c) arsenic (d) copper, (/&KCEN, , 82. Calcium metabolism in birds gets disturbed duc to the, effect of, , (a) mercury (b) cadmium, (c) DDT (d) lead, (c) copper. (Kerala PMT), , $3. Term used for accumulation of nondegradable pollutants, in higher trophic level is, , (a) biomagnification (b) eutrophication, , (c) biodegradation {d) leaching., (OJEE), 84. Minamata disease first occurred in, (a) Mexico (b) Japan, (c). Morocco (d) India. (OJEE), 2010, , 85. The purpose of biological treatment of waste-water is to, (a) reduce BOD (b) increase BOD, {c) reduce sedimentation (d) increase sedimentation., (AMU}