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As per MSBTE ‘ I’ Scheme Revised syllabus w.e.f. 2017-18, , English – Work Book, For, , First Year Diploma Course in Engineering, (Common for all branches), , SEMESTER – I, Prof. S. G. Sharma, , Prof. Avin S. Bhamare, , M.A. (English), Sr. Lecture in English, MET’s Institute of Technology, Adgaon, Nashik, , M.A.(English), B.Ed., M.B.A, Lecturer in English, Sandip Polytechnic, Nashik., , Prof. Anil K. Bachate, , Prof. Mohanish M. Kulkarni, , M.A. (English), NET, SET, B.Ed., Lecturer in English, MVP’s R. S. M. Polytechnic, Nashik., , M.A. (English), B.Ed., Lecturer in English, MET’s Institute of Technology, Adgaon,, Nashik., , Prof. Dipak B. Aher, M.A. (English)Lecture in English, MET’s Institute of Technology, Adgaon, Nashik., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English – Work Book, © All rights reserved with the Authors., All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval, system or transmitted, in any form,or by any means , electronic, mechanical, photocopying,, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Author., First Edition : 2017, Published By :, , Gigatech Publishing House, 631/32, Budhawar Peth, Office No. 105, First Floor, Shan Bramha Complex, Pune – 411 002 ., Phone No. 952 952 0952, LIMITS OF LIABILITY AND DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY, The Authors and Publisher of this book have tried their best to ensure that the program,, procedure and function described in the book are correct. However the author and, publisher make no warranty with regard to the program and documentation contained, in the book., ISBN :, Price :, , Available at All Leading Book Stalls, Distributor :, PRADEEP BOOK DISTRIBUTORS, ST, , 102/3, 1 Floor, Shan Bramha Complex, Pune., Telephone No. 020 – 24458333,, 942 208 7031 / 844 699 5959, E-mail : [email protected], , Note: For any queries, doubts, suggestions & complaints regarding the subject, please feel, free to contact on the below e-mail or phone number. We will be more than thankful for your, feedback.

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Preface, This Book 'English is intended to be a textbook for students of First Year Engineering, Diploma of MSBTE. In most sciences, one generation years down what another has built and, what one has established another undoes. In English, each generation adds a new story to the, old structure. Keeping this in mind, this book is written to have a better introduction of the, Basic Science. This book is presented with simple but exact explanation of subject matter, application of each topic to real life, engineering problems, large number of illustrative examples, followed by well graded exercise. We have tried to be rigorous and precise in presenting the, concepts in very simple manner. We hope that the students will not only learn some powerful, concepts, but also will develop their ability to understand the concept and apply it properly to, solve engineering problems. We feel that faculty member will also enjoy reading this book, which is enriched with application of each topic., , Acknowledgment, We are grateful to the M.S.B.T.E-Mumbai, the Examining Body, whose ‘Syllabus Draft’, and Examination Questions have been included in this book for the purpose of illustration and, right direction., We extend our sincere thanks to Director, Respected Dr. Shefali Bhujbal Madam,, MET’s Bhujbal Knowledge City, Nashik, who fueled the flame of writing and Principal, R. S., Narkhede, MET’s Institute of Technology –Polytechnic, Nashik, who motivated us at every step, of our work. We are also thankful to Principal Dr. V. P.Vani Sir, MET’s Institute of Engineering, for his creative suggestions and technical guidance, and our H.O.D Prof. A. V. Kokate for his, valuable suggestions., We also extend our warm regards to Principal Prof. B. N. Rajole, M.V.P’s R.S.M. Polytechnic, Nashik and Principal Dr. D. N. Kare, M.V.P’s Arts and Commerce College, Khedgaon,, Nashik, Principal Prof. P. N. Patil, Sandip Polytechnic, Nashik, as well as H.O.D. Prof. F. N., Shinde – R.S.M. Polytechnic Nashik, H.O.D Prof. S. A. Jadhav-Sandip Polytechnic Nashik, for, their constructive guidelines and boosting the morale of our team members., We remain obliged to them forever for their kind co-operation and valuable guidance., We are especially thankful to our colleagues and students for their timely kind cooperation., We hope the book; an off-shoot of joint venture, will cater all the requirement of students to crack the nut-shell of the subject. We are also thankful to Gigatech Publishing, House TEAM for their continuous support, hard work and patience in preparing this book.

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SYLLABUS, The following topics/subtopics should be taught and assessed in order to develop LOs in cognitive, domain for achieving the COs to attain the identified competency., Unit Outcomes (UOs), Unit, Unit – I, Applied, Grammar, , (in cognitive domain), Writing Skills, , Speaking Skills, , 1a. Use relevant articles, in constructing sentences., , 1g. Formulate grammatically correct sentences for the specified situation., , 1b. Apply prepositions, to construct meaningful sentences., 1c. Identify, conjunctions to connect, phrases and clauses, in the specified sentences., 1d. Use correct form of, tenses in given situation., 1e. Change the active, and passive voice, from the specified, passage/list., , 1h. Use relevant Prepositions for the situation mentioned., 1i Apply relevant conjunctions to use idiomatic language for, the given situation., 1j. Apply the relevant, voice in, formal, communication for, the given passage., 1k. Use relevant narrations for the given, situation., , 1f. Change the narration for the given, situation., Unit – II, Comprehension, , 2a. Answer the given, questions of the, specified passage., 2b. Formulate sentences, using the given new, words., 2c. Use correct syntax to, construct meaningful sentences for the, given situation., 2d. Answer the questions on the given, unseen passage., , Topics and, Sub-topics, 1.1 Articles : Definite, and Indefinite., 1.2 Prepositions : Usage, 1.3 Conjunctions : Coordinating and Subordinating, 1.4 Types of sentences :, Assertive, Imperative, Exclamatory,, Interrogative., 1.5 Tenses – Present, Tense (Simple, Continious,, Perfect), Past Tense (Simple, Continious, Perfect), – Future Tense, (Simple)., 1.6 Active and Passive, Voice., 1.7 Direct and Indirect, Speech., , 2e. Pronounce, the 2.1 Seen Passages From, words correctly in, Msbte Work Book, the given passage., 2.2 Importance of Com2f. Give oral instrucprehension, tions with correct 2.3 Unseen Passages, pronunciation and 2.4 Interpretation, Of, intonation for the, Passages in Written, given situation., And Spoken Form.., 2g. Answer the questions orally on the, given unseen passage with correct, pronunciation.

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Unit – III, Paragraph, and Dialogue Writing, , 3a. Differentiate, the, given types of paragraphs with justification., 3b. Formulate a paragraph in words with, synchronized sentence structure on, the given situation /, topic., 3c. Explain the theme on, given, paragraph, precisely., , Unit-IV, Vocabulary, Building, , 4a. Remove the spelling, errors in the given, sentences, /paragraph., 4b. Use relevant words, to correctly express, for, the, given, themes/situation., 4c. Use the collocations, correctly., 4d. Construct sentences, using given idioms., , Unit –V, Speeches, , 5a. Develop a welcome, speech on the given, theme/situation., 5b. Develop a farewell, speech for the given, theme/situation., 5c. Formulate a speech, for introducing a, guest in the given, situation., 5d. Develop a vote of, thanks for the given, situation., , 3d. Summarise the giv- 3.1 Types of Paragraph, en paragraph with i. Technical, correct pronouncia- ii. Descriptive, tion and intonation., iii. Narrative, 3e. Take part in debates, iv. Compare and Conwith correct protrast, nounciation, intona3.2 Dialogue Writing, tion and using verbal and non-verbal i. Greetings, ii. Development of, gestures on the givDialogue, en themes., iii. Closing, tence, , Sen-, , 4e. Speak in specified 4.1 Rules of Spelling, formal, situations 4.2 Words Often Conwith correct profused, nounciation., 4.3 Collocations, 4f. Speak in specified 4.4 Idioms, informal situations, with correct pronounciation., 4g. Speak, sentences, using relevant collocations., 5e. Introduce, oneself, with correct pronounciation, intonation and using verbal and non-verbal, gestures., 5f. Give, extempore, talks with correct, pronounciation, intonation and using, verbal and nonverbal gestures for, the, given, theme/situation., , 5.1 Importance of Public, Speaking, 5.2 Characteristics, Good Speech, , of, , 5.3 Welcome Speech, 5.4 Farewell Speech., 5.5 Introducing a Guest, 5.6 Vote of Thanks.

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Suggested Specification Table for Question Paper Design:, Unit, , Unit Title, , No., , Distribution of Theory Marks, , Teaching, Hours, , R, , U, , A, , Total, , Level, , Level, , Level, , Marks, , I, , Applied Grammar, , 12, , 02, , 04, , 08, , 14, , II, , Comprehension, , 20, , 05, , 06, , 13, , 24, , 06, , 02, , 04, , 06, , 12, , III, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , IV, , Vocabulary Building, , 06, , 02, , 04, , 06, , 12, , V, , Speeches, , 04, , 02, , 02, , 04, , 08, , 48, , 13, , 20, , 37, , 70, , Total, Legends:, , R=Remember, U=Understand, A=Apply and above (Bloom’s Revised taxonomy), Note:, This specification table provides general guidelines to assist student for their learning and to, teachers to teach and assess students with respect to attainment of UOs. The actual distribution of, marks at different taxonomy levels (of R, U and A) in the question paper may vary from above table., Recommended by MSBTE Text Books and Reference Books, Text Books :, Sr. No., , Title of Books, , Author, , Publication, , 1, , English Workbook, , MSBTE, , MSBTE, Mumbai, 2017, , 2, , Effective English with CD, , Kumar, E. Suresh ; Sreehari,, , Person Education, Noida, New Delhi,, , P.; Savithri, J., , 2009 ISBN: 978-81-317-3100-0., , 3, , English Grammar at, , Gnanamurali, M, , Glance, 4, , Essential English Gram-, , S. Chand and Co. New Delhi. 2011, ISBN : 9788121929042., , Murphy, Raymond, , mar, , Cambridge University Press, New, Delhi, Third edition, 2011, ISBN :, 9780-0-521-67580-9., , 5, , Living English Structure, , Allen. W. S., , Pearson Education, New Delhi, Fifth, edition, 2009, ISBN :, 108131728498,99., , Software/Learning Websites :, 1., , https://www.britishcouncil.in/english/learn-online, , 2., , http://learnerenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/content, , 3., , http://www.talkenglish.com/, , 4., , languagelabsystem.com, , 5., , www.wordsworthelt.com

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CONTENTS, , 1., , Applied Grammar ……………………………………………………………1.1 – 1.11, , 2., , Comprehension….……………………………………………………………2.1 – 2.35, , 3., , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing………………………………….. 3.1 – 3.09, , 4., , Vocabulary Building ……………………………………………………….4.1 – 4.04, , 5., , Speeches ………………………………………………………………….. 5.1 – 5.06, , , , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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1.1, , Articles

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1.2, , Prepositions

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1.3, , Conjunctions

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English, , 1.4, , Applied Grammar, , b), , Teachers and parents shape the lives of children., , c), , Walking is a very good exercise, , d), , You can eat your cake with a spoon …or…. a fork., , e), , His two favourite sports are Football and Tennis., , f), , I wanted to go to the beach but Mary refused., , g), , She is a vegetarian,, , h), , Jennifer doesn’t like to swim but she enjoys cycling., , i), , The students didn’t submit the assignments, , j), , It is a small car still it is surprisingly spacious., , yet many people don’t go for it., , therefore she doesn’t eat any meat., nor did they consult the teacher., , 1.3.2 Exercise :, , Select correct subordinating conjunctions to be filled in the given passage from the list given, here: (Unless, if, when, because, as if, although, after, before, as soon as), a), , The train had already departed when I reached the station., , b), , Sachin scored more after getting tips from his coach., , c), , I shall contact him as soon as, , d), , You will not get success unless, , e), , Seema didn’t come to college because she was out of station., , f), , Ashok will get the job if he deserves it., , g), , He was behaving in such a way as if he was a king., , h), i), , he comes back., you work hard., , although he got enough time, he could not complete his assignment within time., You should finish your homework before I get back to home., , 1.3.3 Exercise :, , Sample Exercise for the usage of Co-ordinating conjunctions., (Either……or, neither……., whether…..or), a), , nor,, , not, , only…., , but also, as……as,, , if…….then,, , if my parents allow then I’ll decide to come with you., , b), , Dr. Kalam was not only a scientist, , but also an author of many famous books., , c), , The management will decide, , to install this machine, , d), , Ritu is as tall, , e), f), , either, , or, , not., , as intelligent than Deepa., , whether you finish your work or leave your job., Your company offers, , neither a good salary nor an opportunity to grow., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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1.4, , Types of Sentences

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English, , 1.6, , Applied Grammar, , 1.4.3 Exercise:, , Sample Exercises: Transform the following interrogative sentences to assertive., a), Did you pay the bill?, Ans.: You paid the bill., b), Are you ready to leave?, Ans.: You are ready to leave., c), Are they not sure to lose the matter?, Ans.: They are not sure to lose the matter., d), Who doesn’t know him?, Ans.: Everybody knows him., Sample Exercises: Convert the following assertive sentences to interrogative., e), He will never learn manner., Ans.: Will he ever learn manner?, f), The workers are not going on strike., Ans.: Are the workers going on strike?, g), The production unit was equipped with latest machineries., Ans.: Wasn’t the production unit equipped with latest machineries?, h), The guest arrived late for the function., Ans.: Didn’t the guest arrive late for the function?, i), Ananya doesn’t refuse to talk with her friends., Ans.: Does Ananya refuse to talk with her friends?, 1.4.4 Exercise:, , Sample Exercise: Transform the following exclamatory sentences to assertive., a), How big that mango tree is!, Ans.: That mango tree is very big., b), What a beautiful picture it is!, Ans.: It is a very beautiful picture., c), Hurrah! We have won the match., Ans.: It is joyful that we have won the match., d), If only I were a king!, Ans.: I wish I were a king., Sample Exercise: Convert the following assertive sentences into exclamatory., a), It is very fine weather today., Ans.: How fine weather it is today!, b), It is a joyful that I won a lottery., Ans.: Hurrah! I won a lottery., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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1.6, , Uses of Tenses

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1.7, , Active Voice and Passive Voice

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1.8, , Direct and Indirect Speech

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English, , 2., , 1.10, , Applied Grammar, , She said to me, “What do you want now?”, , Ans.: She asked me what I wanted then., 3., , I said to him, “Are you going for the party?”, , Ans.: I asked him if he was going for the party., 4., , The monitor said, “Sir, some students were making noise yesterday.”, , Ans.: The monitor told Sir that some students had been making noise the previous day., Or, The monitor told sir that some students we making nose the day before., 5., , The servant says, “The master is not at home.”, , Ans.: The servant says that the master is not at home., 6., , Anju said, “I wrote a letter.”, , Ans.: Anju said that she had written a letter., 7., , The Prime Minister said, “India became independent in 1947.”, , Ans.: The Prime Minister said that India had become independent in 1947., 8., , He said to the policemen, “Please save me.”, , Ans.: He begged policemen to save him., 9., , The old man said to her, “Obey your elders.”, , Ans.: The old man advised her to obey her elders., 10., , The girl said, “Hurrah! I have won a gold medal.”, , Ans.: The girl exclaimed with joy that she had won a gold medal., 11., , Raju said, “Gautam must go tomorrow”., , Ans.: Raju said that Gautam must go the next day., 12., , He said, “I have passed the physical test.”, , Ans.: He said that he had passed the physical test., 13., , "Don't play on the grass, boys," she said., , Ans.: She ordered boys not to play on the grass., 14., , "You should revise your lessons," he said to me., , Ans.: He told me that I should revise my lessons., 15., , "I shall appreciate it," he said., , Ans.: He said that he should appreciate that., 16., , Emma said "People in Africa are starving.", , Ans.: Emma said that people in Africa was starving., 17., , "I brought you this book," she said to him, , Ans.: She told him that she had brought him that book., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 18., , 1.11, , Applied Grammar, , Param said to me, "He moved a year ago.", , Ans.: Param told me that he had moved a year before., 19., , He said to me "I have not done it today.", , Ans.: He told me that he had not done it that day., 20., , She said to him, “I don’t believe you”., , Ans.: She told him that she didn’t believe him., , , , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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Unit, , 2, , Comprehension, SEEN PASSAGES, 2.1 SHIVA’S BLESSING, by Aditya Sharma, Exercise : 2.1, , Give the contextual meaning of the following sample words using the dictionary., i), Desperation (Noun): dejection, depression, E.g. The feeling of desperation and helplessness was common to most of the refugees., ii), Prompted (Verb): assist (a person speaking) by suggesting something, E.g. Curiosity prompted her to ask a few questions., iii) Reckoned (Noun): expected, considered, E.g. Zoologists usually reckon but an hundred and seventy species in all., iv) Sparsely (Adv.): sporadically, thinly, v), Clientele (Noun): the clients or customers, vi) Mock (Verb):practicing, vii) Excursion (Noun): a short trip or outing to some place, E.g. In Kashmir, Sam’s father took him on an excursion to a rose garden., viii) Comprehend (Verb): Perceive, Understand the nature or meaning of, ix) Convocation (Noun): assembly, a group of people gathered in answer to a summons, x), Substantially (Adv.): of ample or considerable amount, quantity or size, xi) Ask for (Phr. Verb): to request, xii) Catered (Verb): provide or supply, xiii) Struck off (Verb): removed, cancelled, xiv) Taken aback (Phr. Verb): surprised, disconcerted, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.2, , Comprehension, , xv) Hire-purchased (Adj.): a system of payment in regular installments, xvi) Indulge (Verb): to yield, satisfy, to allow oneself to follow one’s will, xvii) Rebuke (Verb): express sharp, stern disapproval of, reprove, xviii) E-commerce (Noun): business that is transacted by transferring data electronically,, especially over internet, xix) Tempted (Verb): to attract, allure, appeal strongly to, xx) Acquired (Verb): come into possession or ownership of, Exercise 2.2, , Answer the following sample questions., i), Write the meaning of the word: desperation,  dejection, depression, ii), write the full form of the abbreviation: IIM,  Indian Institute of Management, iii) Change the sentence into indirect speech:, Shiva’s mother told Shiva firmly, “Enjoy yourself only when you can afford it.”,  Shiva’s mother warned Shiva to enjoy himself only when he could afford it., iv) Change the sentence into indirect speech:, Shiva’s father asked, “What’s the salary of your new job Shiva?”,  Shiva’s father asked Shiva what the salary of his new job was., Exercise 2.2, , Answer the following in 3 to 4 sentences., v), Express your views/ ideas on: Helping the needy people, Ans.: Your little help to a needy person can change someone’s life completely. It can give him, equal opportunities that of a rich person. This help also gives wings to their dreams., When the biggest hurdle of the path is removed, the needy person takes every effort to, fulfill his dream., vi) Express your views/ ideas on: Gratitude for help received from someone, Ans.: When you receive a help from someone, it’s your honesty to give your best to keep up, the promise you have made to that person. You can express your gratitude by telling him, a thanks, presenting him a gift or carrying on the legacy of help to the next generation., Exercise 2.2, , Answer the following in 4 to 5 sentences., vii) State any four qualities of Shiva that has inspired you., Ans.:, 1., Shiva’s hardwork in his studies made him a successful country manager at Sri Lanka, branch. He achieved this feat not just by sitting at one place, but by taking lots of efforts., At the very early age he started doing odd jobs of selling newspapers, garlands and, washing cars., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.3, , Comprehension, , 2., , He was a sincere and trustworthy person. That’s why Krishna Vedavyasa believed in, him and became ready to pay his school fees every year., , 3., , He is a helpful boy; he helps weak students in some lessons in class. He also helps his, family to uplift the finances., , 4., , Shiva is also a good skillful entrepreneur, because he makes a good newspaper selling, business and expands it gradually. He also works at an electronics shop and, later on,, repairing computer. Despite getting a reputable job in a multinational company, he, decides to start his own business., , viii) Describe how Shiva prepared for CAT examination., Ans.: Shiva, after completing graduation, started preparing for CAT examination. As it was, one of the toughest exams in the world, Krishna helped him to join some coaching, classes. But due to his busy work schedule, Shiva couldn’t attend the lectures regularly., He collected notes and old CAT exam question papers and started preparing at home., Soon, he cleared the written examination and went to Krishna’s home to prepare for, mock-interview and group discussion. He kept on watching news on TV and reading, current affairs with full rigor. He finally passed the CAT exams and got offers from 6, IIMs. He ended up at taking admission in IIM Calcutta., ix), , Summarize the struggle of Shiva, , Ans.: Shiva Kumar was born in a poor family. His father, an out of work lorry driver,, Narendra and his mother would sell garlands. Shiva too had to work to earn their living., He got up at 4 a.m. and sold newspapers at households and offices. Still, it was very, difficult for his to continue further his education as he did not have enough money to pay, his school fees. So he was always in search of some additional income source. Shiva,, despite being the cleverest student in the class, couldn’t attend the lectures regularly. He, requested Krishna Vedavyasa to help him pay his education fees. Though Shiva joined, coaching classes of CAT exam, he always stayed out due to his busy work schedule. He, collected notes and old question papers of previous exams. He passed the written exam, and made it through the mock interview and group discussion. He joined IIM Calcutta, and after education, he secured a job as deputy country manager in an e-commerce, company dealing in property in Sri Lanka., x), , Describe the help given by Krishna Vedavyasa., , Ans.: Krishna Vedavyasa plays an essential role in Shiva’s success journey. It was Krishna, who realized Shiva’s potential and provided help for paying his school fees every year., Krishna encouraged Shiva to believe in himself and stay focused with the target. Krishna, invited Shiva to come over his place and prepare for mock-interview and group, discussion. At every juncture of life, Krishna gave him a moral support. Though he was, a practical man, he treated Shiva as his own child. Shiva kept his words and made this, achievement for Krishna., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.4, , Comprehension, , xi), , Explain the statement on six sentences: ‘I want to multiply the blessings I have, received.’, Ans.: Shiva knew that he could achieve this success just because of the presence of the, nobleman like Krishna Vedavyasa in his life. Krishna helped Shiva for paying his school, and coaching class fees and also he provided him great moral support to pass one of the, toughest exams (CAT) in the world. Shiva thought if he also joins in Krishna’s, humanitarian work, there can be many poor and needy children who will get benefitted, and get a chance to study further. Shiva wanted to spread awareness of this great work, among many people. Trully, It’s the nobleman Krishna’s blessings that provided Shiva a, platform to soar up high and fulfill his dreams., xii) State your short term and long term goals in six sentences., Ans.:, My short term goals:, 1), I want to pass Diploma Engineering in First class with distinction., 2), I want to learn speaking fluent English., 3), I want to win maximum prizes in Paper Presentation competition., My long term goals:, 1), I want to become a successful Computer Engineer., 2), I want to start my own software company in Nashik., 3), I want to help the poor and needy people., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.5, , Comprehension, , 2.2. GRIND, by Sundareswaran C., Exercise 2.3, , Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the dictionary, i), Grind, : A tedious task, hard monotonous routine work,, ii), Adversity, : hardship, bad luck, iii) Dominant, : powerful, controlling, ruling, iv) Gambled, : take a chance on winning, take risk in the hope of a favorable, outcome., v), Renowned, : widely known, famous, vi) Penniless, : broke, without any money, vii) Accomplished : highly skilled, proficient, viii) Legendary, : having unimaginable greatness, outstanding, eminent, ix) Legends, : A person having extraordinary accomplishment/qualities, x), Uncertainty, : uneasiness, changeableness, leaning into pain, Exercise 2.4, , Answer the following sample questions, i), Write the meaning of the word: Grind, Ans.: Grind means a tedious task or hard work/labour, ii), Write the meaning of the word: Prodigy, Ans.: Prodigy means extremely talented person especially a child or intelligent young person., Answer the following in 3 to 4 sentences, iii. Explain the term: Comfort Zone., Ans.:, 1., Comfort zone is a place, situation, or level where someone feels safe and at ease., 2., In this zone a person is in control of environment and experiences low level of stress., 3., There is a little or no scope for uncertainty in comfort zone., 4., Legends embrace all kinds of uncertainty and difficulties at any given point of time; they, don’t choose according to their comfort zone., 5., One must expand comfort zone by constantly stepping out of them as comfort zonekills, productivity., iv. Explain the term: Grind Mindset., Ans.:, 1., Every successful person has gone through the negative thinking process that forced them, to give up., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2., 3., 4., 5., , 2.6, , Comprehension, , But in order to become great, one needs practice Grind Mindset day in and day out., Grind mindset is pushing yourself forward even if your body is tired and can’t do, anymore., When a person has desire to achieve a goal, he or she go back to work in spite of, negative mind- set that is grind., Thus Grind Mindset is the commitment to practice, preparation and put in extra efforts, that it takes to accomplish your dream., , Answer the following in 4 to 6 sentences :, v., Express your views on: Christiano Ronaldo., Ans.:, 1., Christiano Ronaldo the true legend who refuses to give up to adversity and rises above it, as the real Madrid Star and football legend., 2., Though he was born and brought up in a very poor family, his determination, devotion, and sacrifice was larger than any adversity and negative mindset., 3., He practiced regularly and focused all his energy in improving his game and himself as, well., 4., He was so determined that he went on playing the match even if he received the, messages about his father’s death., 5., Christiano Ronaldo truly displayed grind mindset and inspires us to dream big and, believe in our capacities, work hard and give 100% every time., vi. Express your views /ideas on: Easy Success., Ans.:, 1., As quoted by Argentina Star Lionel Messi “It took me 19 years to become an overnight, success”. Let’s be honest to say that the path to success is full of adversity and time, consuming., 2., Every successful people had to gone through failures and hardships. They pushed, themselves forward, sacrificed day in and day out to achieve success., 3., Everyone is unique in this world but your talent can take you only to a certain level. In, order to be successful you put in the extra effort; that is you must ‘Grind’. That is why it, is called skill., 4., This process can take hours and hours, years and years. Surely it is not going to be easy., Even ‘Prodigy’ need to practice to hone their skill., 5., Many legends showed us that we must take chance, risk everything to accomplish, success as there is no such a thing called ‘Easy Success’., 6., The road to success is a lonely road; learn to walk alone on hard road till the goal is not, reached., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.7, , Comprehension, , vii. State any four qualities of Lionell Messi that has inspired you., Ans.:, 1., Lionel Messi, the only man to win four times World Player of the year and as an, individual goal scorer than almost every player who came before him., 2., The following qualities of Lionell Messi inspired me:, a), Fight for your dream: This is the best quality of Footballing God that inspired me a lot., Messi never gave up he always fight hard for his dream till the end., b), Sacrifices and Hard work: Messi works very hard and practice a lot day in and day out., Messi always wanted to play professional football so he made lots of sacrifices to, achieve his goal., c), Grind Mindset: he shows grind mind set while preparing for his game. He always put, in the extra effort in order to grow fast. He experienced a lot of adversity in his life, but, he always moved forward with positive attitude., d), Intelligence: more than any other of his numerous qualities, Messi is unique for his, blend of intelligence and perceptiveness as both a creator and scorer of goals., e), Patience: This quality of Messi shows that success takes time. Success is a long term, process and it is no something that you can achieve overnight. Stop looking for shortcuts, the journey may not be easy but the reward will be worth it., viii. Describe the preparation stage of Ronaldo, the football legend., Ans.:, 1., Christiano Ronaldo the true legend who refuses to give up to adversity and rises above it, as the real Madrid Star and football legend., 2., In the preparation stage Ronnie used to practice daily from morning to night., 3., When he had to relocate himself away from his family for better training, he became, depressed and home sick., 4., He had difficulty in making friends, he used to call home and cry daily., 5., He wanted to quit but his determination was longer than his self-doubt and focused all, his energy in improving his game and improving as a person., 6., finally he got selected for Portugal's most famous club "Sporting Lisbon" and even got, selected for the top 11 in the Euro 2004 squad for Portugal., ix., , Explain the given statement in your own words:, ‘Having a dream is only half a battle won’., , Ans.:, 1., 2., , “DREAM... because dreams do come true" is repeatedly said by every legend whohas, etched his or her name in the history of time., But having dream is only half a battle won., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 3., 4., 5., 6., , 2.8, , Comprehension, , The next half is the most important and crucial one; that is 'radical action'., Though the road to success is hard, we have to get up, take action, grind and never give, up., As Mahatria says, "It takes what it takes to become what you want to become"., The only way is to work your way up one step at a time; there is no other way. We must, get out of our comfort zone and take actions., , x., Describe the initial struggle of Walter Edward Dandy, an American neurosurgeon., Ans.:, 1., Walter Edward Dandy an American neurosurgeon was the first person to perform, surgery in the brain., 2., No one at that time thought this surgery would be possible but Walter Dandy had a, dream, dream of giving people a second chance to live and he was willing to start, so he, went ahead with the surgery., 3., his first 13 patients died, he went through all the blames, criticisms and his own selfdoubt but Walter was a strongminded person; in spite of the failures and ridicule, he, went ahead with his attempt to find acure and finally he succeed., 4., Now he is proudly known as ‘one of the three founding fathers of Neurosurgery'., 5., So the legend is the one who refuses to give up to adversity and rises above it., xi. Summarize the success story of legend who inspired you., Ans.:, 1., “My ambition is always to get better and better” ___ Lionel Messi, 2., Lionel Andres Messi popularly known as Messi, is a renowned and one of the greatest, soccer players of our time. He plays the forward position for FC Barcelona and, Argentina national team., 3., Messi was born in the year 1987, June 24 at Rosario, central Argentina. He was born, into the family of Mr. Jorge Messi and Mrs. Celia Maria Cuccittin. Messi wasn’t born, with a golden spoon in his mouth. He was from a poor family but he was destined for, greatness., 4., Messi’s father: Mr. Jorge Messi, was a factory steel worker while his Mother: Mrs., Maria Cuccittin, worked as a part time cleaner. Despite their financial challenges, Mr., Jorge Messi was determined to bring out the best in his children., 5., Messi started playing ball for Grandoli: a local football team club., 6., At the age of 11, Messi encountered one of his greatest life-challenges; he was, diagnosed with a growth hormone deficiency which restricted his growth., 7., Lionel Messi was always shorter than his teammates and opponents, but instead, of making it an excuse or feel self-pity, he used it to give him that extra boost of drive., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 8., 9., , 2.9, , Comprehension, , He has the privilege to support Argentine children diagnosed with medical conditions by, offering treatment in Spain and covering the transport, hospital, and recuperation costs., Messi had the right perspective as he used his adversity as a means of motivation that, ignited his success. “You have to fight to reach your dream. You have to sacrifice and, work hard for it.”, , xii. Write about your career dreams., Ans.:, 1., Everyone has big dreams and high hopes, so do I., 2., My dream is to become a civil engineer., 3., Right from my childhood I have enjoyed crafting and building things., 4., As engineers are the real creators of things and they convert imagination into reality, this, career would provide me space for using my imagination and creation., 5., Many renowned engineers’ stories inspire me to take up this career and I would like to, do something extraordinary in civil engineering career., 6., I know having a dream is only half a battle won; I have to put in the extra efforts i.e. I, must grind., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.10, , Comprehension, , 2.3 JRD TATA, Exercise 2.5, , Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the dictionary., i), Philanthropist : a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially by the, generous donation of money to good causes., ii), Patron : a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, or, cause., iii) Conglomerate : a large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse, firms., iv) Pomposity : self-importance., v), Flourish : develops rapidly and successfully., vi) Entrepreneurs : a person who sets up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks, in the hope of profit., vii) Suppressing : prevent the development, action/ forcibly put an end to., viii) Strait-jacketed : impose severely restrictive/bann measures on (a person or activity)., ix) Vigorously : in a way that involves physical strength, effort, or energy; strenuously., x), Subsidiaries : a company controlled by a holding company., Exercise 2.6, , i), ii), iii), , iv), , Write the meaning of the word: hostility : unfriendliness, bitterness, Unkindness,, hatred, State the date and place of birth of JRD Tata. : JRD Tata was born in Paris on July 29,, 1904., Insert suitable prepositions in the blanks:, As an industrialist, JRD Tata is credited with placing the Tata Group on the international, map., Insert suitable articles in the blanks:, Tata Steel became one of the earliest companies in India to have a dedicated human, resources department., , Answer the following in 4 to 6 sentences :, v., Express the views of JRD TATA about a leader., Ans.:, 1., A good leader inspires/motivates others., 2., He inspires respect., 3., He should take into account everyone’s view. It does not mean that he does not disagree, with certain points. He has his own views and ideas., 4., He has to adapt himself to his subordinates. He has to find out the best in each person., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 5., 6., 7., vi., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., , vii., , 2.11, , Comprehension, , He must know how to deal with or adjust with people according to their ways and, characteristics., Sometime he has to suppress himself. It is painful but necessary. To be a leader you have, got to lead human beings with affection (love)., He had managerial skills of dealing with individual men heading different enterprises., Express your views/ideas on: JRD Tata., JRD Tata was born in Paris on July 29, 1904., He is a well-known industrialist and philanthropist.( a person who works for society ), JRD was elected as the Chairman of Tata & Sons in 1938., He received the Padma Vibhushan in 1955., He was also awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1992., He was a patron on the sciences and arts. He had a passion for literature, fast cars,skiing,, and flying., Under his leadership, the Tata asset climbed from Rs. 62 crore to 10,000 crore., He was also a man of great sensitivity and was pained by the poverty he saw around, him. In his life time, he had taken efforts to reduce the poverty., He had started Asia’s first cancer hospital known as the Tata Memorial Centre for, Cancer, Research and Treatment at Mumbai in 1941., State any four diversified areas in which the Tata group entered in the last half of, the 20th century., , Ans.:, 1., 2., 3., , During the last half of the twentieth century Tata entered several new businesses., Many of them were unconventional., Tata group produced vast range of products -- from airlines to hotels, trucks to, locomotives, soda ash and other heavy chemicals to pharmaceuticals and financial, services, tea and air conditioning to lipsticks and cologne., , viii. Name the scientists, lawyers and economists who flourished under the leadership of, JRD Tata., Ans.: Due to supportive environment of JRD Tata scientists of international repute such as, Homi Bhabha, leading lawyers such as J D Choksi and Nani Palkhivala, and economists, such as John Matthai, A D Shroff, D R Pendse and Freddie Mehta could flourish., ix. Summarize the contribution of JRD Tata as a philanthropist., Ans.:, 1), Philanthropist is a person who starts business not just for money. He works for society., He is not a greedy person., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2), 3), 4), 5), , 6), , 7), , 2.12, , Comprehension, , JRD was also a man of great sensitivity and was pained by the poverty he saw around, him and he worked hard to reduce the poverty., He wanted India to be a happy country and did all he could to make it so., He was a patron of the sciences and the arts. He motivated budding scientists and artists, of India., He focused on labour policy and treated workers as human beings and not as a machine., He had a Human Resource Department in his company to look after the workers’, problems., He had started Asia’s first cancer hospital known as the Tata Memorial Centre for, Cancer, Research and Treatment at Mumbai in 1941. He donated lot of money to poor, people for the treatment of cancer., He donated lot of money to social cause through Tata Charitable Trust, , x., Describe the role of JRD Tata as a leader and motivator., Ans.: The role of JRD Tata as a leader and motivator is given below:, 1., He motivated his directors to do the best., 2., He was supportive. He took into consideration everyone’s view but he had his own, views on certain points., 3., Because of his nature, he was called as Chairmen’s chairman., 4., He adopted a management by consensus style., 5., He had managerial skills of dealing with individual men heading different enterprises., 6., He was keen to find out the best in each person., 7., He could deal with or adjust with people according to their ways and characteristics., 8., In his fifty years business span, he handled top hundred directors and got on with all of, them., 9., He handled manpower with love and affection., 10. He spotted and nurtured human talent. He motivated them to work., 11. The supportive environment in the company created famous businessman, scientists and, economists., xi. Elaborate the statement: ‘The Tata group is India’s biggest business empire.’, Ans.:, 1., Tata group was established in 1859., 2., The Tata Group was already India's biggest business conglomerate when Tata became its, fourth chairman in 1938. He was then just 34 years old. Under his leadership, the Tata, assets climbed from Rs. 62 crore (Rs. 620 million) in 1939 to over Rs. 10,000 crore (Rs, 100 billion) in 1990., 3., During the last half of the twentieth century Tata entered several new businesses., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 4., , 5., 6., 7., , 2.13, , Comprehension, , Tata group produced a vast range of products - from airlines to hotels, trucks to, locomotives, soda ash and other heavy chemicals to pharmaceuticals and financial, services, tea and air conditioning to lipsticks and cologne., One of Tata's earliest achievements was to cajole (convince) ten rival cement companies, to merge (collaborate) and form the Associated Cement Companies, run by the Tata’s., JRD strengthened existing businesses such as steel, power and hotels., JRD Tata is credited with placing the Tata Group on the international map. As an aviator, and pioneer flier, he brought commercial aviation to India., , xii. State and explain any six qualities of a successful entrepreneur., Ans.: Here are six qualities of a successful entrepreneur you should ideally possess to start and, run your own business, 1., Motivation, Entrepreneurs are enthusiastic, optimistic and future-oriented., 2., Creativity, Successful entrepreneurs have the creative capacity to recognize and pursue, opportunities, 3., Risk Taker, Launching any entrepreneurial venture is risky. You can also test your concept on a small, scale., 4., Vision, One of your responsibilities as founder and head of your company is deciding where, your business should go, 5., Knowledge-seeker, Anticipate and use knowledge, Write and share ideas, prioritise, get outside inputs,, create a clear roadmap for changes, 6., Confidence, Self-awareness, conviction in ability to succeed, action-oriented, pro-active., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.14, , Comprehension, , 2.4. A MESSIAH FOR THE ABANDONED SICK, by Soutik Biswas, Exercise 2.7, , Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the, dictionary., i), Damp, : the walls of hospital wards were moistures that exerts discouragement., ii), Grubby, : Ward was dirty and grimy, iii) Gurneys, : Stinking atmosphere, iv) Fetid, : Stinking atmosphere, v), Amputate, : Someone who had a limb removed by amputation, vi) Appalling, : terrified ,fearful, vii) Wolfing, : Wild animal hunting, viii) Scalded, : Injured or pained, ix) Samaritan, : Genuinely charitable person, Exercise 2.8, , Answer the following sample questions., i), Write the meaning of the word: Underprivileged., Ans.: deprived of some basic needs, ii), Write out the meaning of the word: Abandoned., Ans.: rejected by family or society, iii. Change the voice: He picks up some money to pay for medicines., Ans.: Some money is picked up by him to pay for medicine., iv. Change into indirect speech: "Can you find me a job?" he asks., Ans.: He asked if he could find job for him., Answer the following in 4 to 6 sentences, v., Express your views/ideas on: Service to humanity is service to Almighty., Ans.:, 1., ‘Service to humanity is service to Almighty’., 2., Around us there are so many poor who need dignity some care. Most of them are, deprived of food, shelter, cloths and medical treatments., 3., When they need hospitality they are left to their fate. When poor are sent to hospital in, some case of suffering from diseases and when they recover they are either sent to rehab, homes or returned to the streets people., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.15, , Comprehension, , 4., , Those who are well established should contribute to social activities and help to improve, the wrenched life. Conditions of the poor worshipping Godin temples is not the true, service to Almighty but to help humanity in any form is real service to Almighty., , vi), , State any three words/adjectives to describe the patients in the Abandoned ward in, patna., , Ans.:, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., , Limbs amputated, Bed ragged-woman with wild hair, Leg in traction, Broken femur, An amputee, , vii) State any four personality traits of Gurmeet Singh that has impressed you., Ans.: Four personality traits of Gurmeet Singh that has impressed me are :, 1., Entrance of Gurmeet Singh to abandoned ward brings frisson excitement among, patients. Their weary faces light up and break in to smile, 2., A very table Messiah of foul kingdom of disease and disability., 3., Sing cannot abandon the abandoned., 4., The unfailing devotion to his patients matched by his unchanging routine., 5., Intuitive willingness to sacrifice his earnings for patients’ medicines and food., 6., Caring for poor., viii) Describe in four sentences the condition of hospital wards in Patna., Ans.: Hospital wards conditions can be described as:, 1., Hospital wards are damped and grubby facility with lime-green walls and stained tile, floors., 2., A fetid smell of urine and stale food fills the air., 3., Rats slink out of a defunct fire place and scurry for food., 4., The place has the appalling moniker of the ward for lawaris or the abandoned., 5., There is a stream of pale blood and urine flowing on the floor under the bed., ix. Summarize the contribution of Gurmeet Singh as a philanthropist., Ans.: Gurmeet Singh contributed to minimize pains of patients by his services of providing, food, medicines and taking care of ill-fatted poor homeless persons. He was kind hearted, human being his entry in the wards brought excitement among patients. Their weary, faces light up and broke in to smile. Singh has been visiting the abandoned patients’, wards every night with food and medicines. He has not been on vacation for the past, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.16, , Comprehension, , thirteen years. His unchanging routine showed his unfailing devotion to his patients. He, brought eateries like roties, vegetables, salad, eggs and curd to feed to his patients. He, enquired about the patient’s condition and played with them. He paid for the more, expensive medicines, tests, scans, and chemotherapy for cancer patients also donated a, lot of blood to needy patient. Tonight he served the Manu like hot roties vegetables curd, and sweet., x., Describe the role of Gurmeet Singh as a nurse, doctor, provider and kin., Ans.: As a true human being and service provider to humanity he played multilayer roles with, his patients. He feed his patients with roties, vegetables, salad, eggs and curd like a, nurse. As a doctor, he warmly asked about the conditions of patients. He goes through, patients’ prescriptions and pays for medicines, tests, scans and cancer treatments also, donated a lot of blood to needy patient. He plays at once with nurse, doctors, provider,, and kin’s role simultaneously., xi. Explain the meaning of the statement: ‘He [Gurmeet Singh] is like God.’, Ans.: Gurmeet Singh’s heart sighs for poor, deprived of and less marginalized, down-trodden, section of society. He took utmost care for such a people. With caring sense he brought, food for them and paid money for expensive medicines. Every night he visited the wards, without fail and lovingly enquired about the health conditions of abandoned patients. He, also feed them with various eateries. Hence, for all such a patients he was like God to, them., xii. State and explain any six qualities of a Good Samaritan., Ans.: A good Samaritan should possess following qualities:, 1., A good Samaritan should create happy, pleasant atmosphere among down-trodden, less, marginalized section of society., 2., Should bring ray of hope, excitement, and cheerfulness to pessimistic group of people., 3., Help poor with food, clothes and medicines whenever they are in need., 4., Exert generosity in caring and enquire warmly about their health conditions to minimize, feelings of loneliness, 5., Create trustworthy relationships amongst such a neglected group of society with, empathy., 6., A Good Samaritan is always charitable willing to extend his help to needy persons., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.17, , Comprehension, , 2.5. ELECTRONIC WASTE, Exercise 2.9, , Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the dictionary., i), Hazardous (Adj.): dangerous, full of risk,  He went on a hazardous journey., ii), Contaminating (Adj.): Polluting, dirtying,  The sewage discharged into the river is contaminating the drinking water., iii) Toxic (Adj.): harmful, deadly,  The fumes from that chemical are highly toxic., iv) Obsolete (Adj.): out of date, no longer in use,  The expression ‘how do you do?’ has become obsolete now., v), Scavenging (Adj.): to expel burnt gases, rummaging,  He scavenged the town dump for automobile parts., vi) Designated (Adj.): to indicate, to denote or point out,  The designated time for the meeting was 10:00 am., vii) Accomplishment (Noun): fulfillment, something done admirably,  Space exploration is a major accomplishment of science., viii) Disposed (Verb): inclined, likely,  His temperament disposed him to argue readily with people., ix) Landfill (Noun): the disposal of waste material by burying it, especially as a method of, filling in and reclaiming excavated pits.,  Plastic in landfills lasts for hundreds of years., Exercise 2.10, , Answer the following sample questions., i), Write the meaning of the word: Electronic Waste, Ans.: E-waste refers to the thrown out electronics equipment like computers, printers,, televisions and cell phones etc. which are harmful to our eco-system if not disposed, properly., ii), Write the full form of the abbreviation: BAN, Ans.: Basel Action Network (BAN)., Change the voice:, iii) Many companies post a calendar on their website., Ans.: A calendar is posted my many companies on their websites., iv) Criminals can purchase salvaged hard drives in an open market., Ans.: Salvaged hard drives can be purchased in the open market by Criminals., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.18, , Comprehension, , v), State the Three health hazards of improper disposal of e-waste, Ans.: E-waste refers to the thrown out electronics equipment like computers, printers,, televisions and cell phones etc. which are harmful to our eco-system if not disposed, properly., 1., Burning up of e-waste releases poisonous gases which creates air pollution and also, affects epithelial cells of human lungs and cause cancer., 2., Cadmium is a hazardous chemical which can have dangerous impact on health of our, kidneys., 3., Exposure to barium can cause muscle weakness, brain swelling and impact spleen and, liver., 4., Chronic exposure to arsenic could cause skin diseases and impact nervous system., 5., Dumping of e-waste in landfills results in soil pollution. E-waste recycling generates, plenty of valuable resources such as iron, copper, aluminum and gold. It also contains, heavy metals like lead, tin, bauxite etc. These potentially harmful chemicals get leached, into soil which ultimately pollutes the groundwater., vi) State the additional tips for proper recycling of e-waste., Ans.:, 1., Proper recycling program fitting your needs- participate in the reputable e-waste disposal, programs, 2., Consider donating- if you don’t need your e-waste any more, you can donate to the nonprofit organization that can repair them and give them to those in need., 3., Upgrade before recycling- in some cases, your electronics may only need a few updates, to feel like new. So rather than going for a new one, you can swap out any of their, internal components and extend the life of your gadget., 4., Don’t buy new- Think twice before throwing up your e-waste and bring home a more, recent model only if it’s an essential need., 5., Sell old electronics- you can get rid of your e-waste by selling them online at affordable, prices., 6., Erase your data- when you made up your mind to do with your old electronics, it is, crucial to remove any personal information from the device., vii) Develop four meaningful sentences on the given topic: Save Environment., Ans.: Our Environment is an essential part of our life. A clean environment is very necessary, to live a peaceful and healthy life. An environment is the natural surroundings which, help life to grow and nourish on this earth. It helps human beings, animals and other, living things to grow and develop naturally. But now days, our environment is disturbing, in many ways which effect on all living beings. We can save our environment with the, little step taken by everyone on the earth. We should reduce the amount of waste,, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.19, , Comprehension, , throwing wastes properly to its place only. It is very important to save environment for, human existence. When we protect the environment, we are protecting ourselves and our, future as well., viii) Explain the terms: Recycle and Reuse, Ans.: Recycle: Recycle is a process in which used and discarded material is transformed into, reusable material or products. It is a great substitute to the traditional waste disposal,, which saves material and also reduces the releases of greenhouse gases., Reuse: Reuse is an act of using a product or material more than once, either in the same, or different way. It can be a conventional reuse of material; where in products are put to, its original use, again or a creative reuse, in which the items are utilized to serve a, different function. It is an eco-friendly technique of saving money, time, energy and, resources., ix) Describe the role and responsibilities of the society in controlling e-waste hazards., Ans.: The recent dependency on electronics has increased our use of e-waste. Being the largest, growing stream world under e-waste contains some of the most harmful toxins to, human. And it is a responsibility of every individual, lives in a society, to take a step, ahead to control the e-waste hazards., 1., Stem the spread/ minimize the use: Before buying any electronics product, review if, your previous product can be upgraded by adding just a few elements to it., 2., Sell or donate: If it’s really that necessity, sell your old electronics to a secondhand shop, or online selling websites like e-Bay, uSell or Gazelle., 3., Go local: Know where your local electronics centres are. Mobile companies like sony,, Nokia take back their old products and send them for recycling., 4., Educate and organize: as you are aware of the e-waste pollution, educate your, neighbours and local businesses about pro recycling. Organize a local drive to clean out, old electroinics and send them to local recycler., 5., Take to Govt. officials: we can talk with the Govt. officials about out initiatives and out, stand on e-waste., x), Explain the positive steps that students can take to stop e-waste hazards., Ans.: The students can help in controlling the e-waste pollution in many ways:, 1., Students can participate in various seminars, training programmes and present adverse, effects of e-waste pollution to human body esp. brain and kidneys., 2., Students can also create awareness among the students of other schools, colleges and, residential societies and explain the ways of e-waste management., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 3., , 4., 5., xi), , 2.20, , Comprehension, , Students can make projects like creation of water ponds, use of non-polluting vehicles,, plantation at their college level that can help to change the mindset of the society and, result in their adaptation in day today life., They can form groups of collection drives and urge people to donate their electronic, waste to these collection pick-ups., They can contact Govt. officials and inform their work about e-waste pollution control., Assume that you are educating your friend about e-waste and its disposal. List six, statements/ instructions that you will give him/her., , Ans.:, 1., Check the condition of your electrical item. Does it still work? If so, think about, donating your item. Schools, for instance, can often use refurbished computers. If you, run an office and are upgrading, donation of your computers, printers, etc. can be, especially helpful., 2., If you don’t want to donate your e-waste item, think about selling it.You can advertise, your item on various websites, like eBay, to find someone interested in your item., 3., Not good enough to be donated/given away or sold? Then maybe recycling is the right, route for you., 4., If you are getting rid of an old phone, ensure that your first cancel any service plan and, remove the sim card (the sim card should be shredded or cut in half)., 5., For all laptops, desktops, netbooks, phones, tablets, etc. make sure that you remove all, personal data. Start by backing up all of your data onto an external hard drive to ensure, you don’t accidentally lose anything you will need later., 6., Use a professional program to clear your device. Where possible, remove your hard, drive to dispose of separately., 7., Use the internet. The internet is a wonderful tool to find information on a local, national,, and global scale regarding e-waste. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), website offers a lot of help with recycling and donation of e-waste., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.21, , Comprehension, , 2.6. BE REMARKABLE, by Naren Goidani, Exercise 2.11, , Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the dictionary., i), Scary, : mark left after healing,, ii), Terrific, : Terrible, causes terror, iii) Revealed, : make known, brought to notice, dislose., iv) Interviewees : persons facing interviews, v), Recruited : newly enlisted, not yet trained., vi) Turmoil, : agitation, troublesome state of mind,, vii) Composure : Tranquil, calmness, peaceful mind., viii) Vigorous, : active physical strength, energetic, vital force, healthy growth, ix) Victorious : conquering marked by victory, x), Hurdle, : obstacle, barrier., Exercise 2.12, , Answer the following sample questions., i), Write the meaning of the word : recruitment :, Ans.: person newly appointed through interview, ii), Write the full form of the abbreviations:, Ans.: IQ= Intelligence Quotient, EQ=Emotional Quotient, SQ=Situational Intelligence, Quotient., iii) Change into indirect speech:, Naren says, “Nurture the company of people whose presence, whose comments, whose, life style makes you believe you can be remarkable.”, Ans.: Naren says that Nurture the company of people whose presence, whose comments,, whose life style makes us believe we can be remarkable., iv. Change the voice: When faced with difficult situations, you must carry 'Self-Belief'., Ans.: Self-Belief must be carried when faced with difficult situations by you., Answer the following in 4 to 6 sentences, v., State the importance of situational intelligence., Ans.:, 1., To select a person on the basis of higher marks obtained by candidate is not the correct, way of selection., 2., Hence HR people realized their mistakes to recruit people only on marks are no fair., 3., Besides IQ and EQ test for recruitment, HR people introduced SQ., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 4., 5., 6., , vi), Ans.:, 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., , vii), Ans.:, , 2.22, , Comprehension, , It stands for situational intelligence quotient. It is needed when decisions must be taken, on the spot., In critical situations if you are not the decision maker, you don’t have enough data, you, need to make your choice and take decisions., You must know how to calm down people in tragic situations, how to establish, positively able to rule with composure during huge losses, identify and present solutions, to problems., Express the views of author about the scoring marks for the career., According to author considering scoring marks for the career is a misleading parameter., Because only scoring better marks for career is not enough for the world., Students with good marks revealed the surprising truth that who scored good marks are, because of good memory rather than intelligence., In some cases good score was just luck as what they studied was asked in the exams., Very few students do studies properly and understanding the matter thoroughly., Candidates of such category are required by HR and the member should be increased., State the realization of HR Department after selecting candidates with good marks, , After selecting candidates with good marks and offering opportunities to get experience, HR department found that most of them were not qualified for work., 2., To recruit candidates merely on mark scoring was their mistake. Candidates were able to, remember but not to solve., 3., They were not emotionally stable and lacking decision making skills in critical, situations., 4., HR realised that they will not accept persons who are Panics, who have fears, who are, jealous and becomes angry fast. Such person can never work as a Team Member nor can, they give their 100% to their work. Neither will they progress nor will the organization, progress., viii) State the meaning of the word, ‘Remarkable’, according to the author., Ans.: According to author, ‘Remarkable’ does not mean only qualities of a person that are to, be noted or enlisted on the basis of mark scoring, but remarkable is more than ,mark. A, person remarkable means who is :, , Really exceptional (R + E), , it includes abilities of (IQ, EQ and SQ) to complete the word., , Have really exceptional mark for a great pedestal and be very Able for take-off with, abilities of IQ,EQ, and SQ. Be RE MARK ABLE .Live a remarkable life., , Read great books that make you believe you can be Remarkable., 1., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.23, , Comprehension, , , , Nurture the company of people whose presence, comments, lifestyle makes you to, remind that you can be remarkable. Meditate exercise and eat nourishing food that, provides you energy to live remarkable life., ix) Summarize the suggestions given by the author to make one’s life remarkable., Ans.: If we wish to live and make our life Remarkable, we must follow the suggestions given, by the authors:, 1., It will be your IQ, EQ, SQ, the solid support in making the best of the opportunities., 2., With these three crucial tests no hurdle is high, no problem is big., 3., When faced with you will bounce back big the products that stand the toughest of test, are the most premium products., 4., The challenges of life will be your vigorous test from which you must emerge victorious, and be a premium product., 5., As you study well. Give hundred percent to master the subject., 6., Develop your IQ, EQ, SQ. Marks certainly help you, but you will need more than marks, to be remarkable., x), List the qualities of emotionally stable people/describe the reaction of emotionally, stable people to stress and change., Ans.: Qualities of emotionally stable people to stress and change are:, 1., When there are emotional turmoil EQ comes in to picture, 2., Emotionally stable person is not panic, fearful about the outcome, not jealous about team, members as he knew the best results are created due to great team work., 3., He is not angry at first sight always works as a TEAM player. They give their hundred, percent to their own works. The lead ‘self-progress’ as well as ‘organizational progress’., 4., The accept stress and change as an opportunity to further progress., 5., They believe in ‘self-belief’ know how to calm down angry people. Able to establish, positivity in tense/tragic moments., 6., Able to rule with composure during huge losses., 7., Able to find out solutions and to make important well thought of choices in critical, situations., xi) State the reasons of introducing IQ, EQ and SQ test by HR department., Ans.: At initial stages HRD made recruitments on good marks scoring basis. But candidates, selected from this category, later revealed that most of them were not qualified for, ‘work’. No organization will recruit the candidate who is panic, fearful, jealous, angry, fast, never work as a team player, cannot give their hundred percent to their own works., Neither will they progress nor will the organizational progress., Hence test like IQ, EQ, and SQ were introduced by HRD to recruit right persons in, organization, tested their calibers on the yard sticks of Intelligent Quotient, Emotional, Quotient and situational Intelligent Quotient rather than recruiting candidates only on the, basis of good mark scoring., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.24, , Comprehension, , 2.7. ARUNIMA SINHA: A BIOGRAPHY, Exercise 2.13, , Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the, dictionary., i), Amputee, : Someone who had a limb removed by amputation., ii), Paramilitary, : Group of civilian organized in a military fashion., iii) Resist, : Express opposition, protest., iv) Overpowered, : Become filled with uncontrollable emotion., v), Immensely, : To an exceedingly great extent or degree, Vastly., vi) Conquering, : the act of conquering, vii) Rigorous, : Performed comprehensively, Rigidly accurate., viii) Full-fledged, : Having gained full status, ready to fly., ix) Suffocate, : suppress the development, creativity., x), Conquer, : Overcome by conquest, Take possession of by force., Exercise 2.14, , Answer the following sample questions., i), Write the meaning of the word: Expedition, Ans.: A journey organized for particular purpose, ii), Write the meaning of the word: Robber, Ans.: A thief who steals from someone by threatening, iii) Name the academy started by Arunima and states its motto., Ans.:, 1., Arunima started Sahid Chandrashekhar Azad Viklang Khel Academy (Freedom Fighter, Chandrashekhar Azad Sports Academy for disabled children)., 2., The motto of this institute is to provide the very best sports facility to handicap children,, especially the poor., iv) Name the awards won by Arunima Sinha., Ans.: Arunima Sinha won the award, the Padma Shri, In 2015, the 4th highest civilian award, in India., v), Express your views/ideas on: Positive thinking., Ans.:, 1., Positive thinking is the life and breathes of all success., 2., Thinking positively generates positive and creative force both mentally and physically., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.25, , Comprehension, , In a severe accident Arunima lost her legs. She became physically handicap but the only, thing which helped him to climb the mountain is her strong positive thinking., 4., She lost her leg in 11th April 2011 and reached the summit on 21st May 2013, she, climbed the mountain in dramatically short time. It is all only due to positive thinking., vi) Express your views/ideas on: Reaction to criticism., Ans.: Every walk of life we may be criticized by the people around us. We will be opined by, them unnecessarily without our expectations of being helped by them. Sometimes their, criticism may or may not be useful for our development so we should take it positively., The great Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar was criticized many a times by the people., But he neither spoke anything nor criticized them in return. He was just making greater, records. He never hanged around the criticism. That is why he is a great cricketer and, known as a God of cricket. In our life, if we are criticized by the people remember Jim, Rohn’s line: “What do you think about me is none of my business”, vii) Name the peaks climbed by Arunima Sinha., Ans.: Arunima Sinha climbed the peaks as follows:, 1., Mount Everest in Asia (May 2013), 2., Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa (May 2014), 3., Mount Elbrus in Europe (July 2014), 4., Mount Kosciuszko in Australia (April 2015), 5., Mount Aconcagua in South America (Dec 2015), 6., Mount Carstensz (July 2016), viii) Describe the preparations of Arunima Sinha for the Everest Expedition., Ans.:, 1., After meeting Bachendri Pal, Arunima didn’t go home., 2., She directly went to join the Nehru Institute of Mountaineering for training., 3., After completing a basic course, she has undergone rigorous training for 18 months to, prepare herself for the big day., 4., She climbed various smaller peaks, including Island Peak to prepare herself before, conquering the Mount Everest., 5., Tata Steel Adventure Foundation offered her scholarship to meet all her financial, requirements so that she can fully focus on her mountaineering task., ix) Describe the accident of Arunima Sinha., Ans.:, 1., Arunima was a sports enthusiast from the childhood- a national level volleyball player., She had a great passion for sports., 2., But, the fate had other plans. On the night of 11th April, 2011, while on her way to Delhi, from Lucknow from Padmavati Express train, she was attacked by a group of local, robbers., 3., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 3., 4., 5., 6., , x), Ans.:, 1., , 2., 3., , 4., , 5., 6., 7., , xi), Ans.:, 1., 2., 3., , 2.26, , Comprehension, , They tried to snatch her gold chain. She tried to resist them. But, being a lonely girl, she, could not resist them for longer and eventually, she was overpowered by them., They threw her out of the running train., Another train coming on the parallel track run over her legs. By the time, she reached, hospital, the doctors were left with no option but to amputate her left leg below the knee., Her right leg also didn’t remain completely immune from that accident. A rod was, inserted in the right leg from knee to ankle., Narrate the experience of Arunima during Mount Everest Expedition., Experience of Arunima during Mount Everest Expedition was so heart breaking. Her, Sherpa (the local guide for the expedition) refused to accompany her because he termed, it a suicidal mission., Because having one leg totally artificial and another inserted rod from knee to ankle., But she determined to climb the mountain. Her goal was crystal clear. She started, expedition on 1st April, 2013 and reached the summit of Mount Everest on 21st May, 2013- exactly after 52 days., When she entered the death zone- 3500 feet from the top of Mount Everest- the most, difficult terrain started. She saw dead bodies of mountaineers scattered all around . A, Bangladeshi mountaineer took his last breath in front of her eyes., She kept moving ahead and convinces us that our body move according to our thought, process., She was so convinced that neither she can go back nor she can die before reaching the, summit., Just a few steps back her oxygen supply finished, she fell down suffocating for oxygen., She came across an extra cylinder nowhere .Sherpa immediately latched it .finally they, return to the base., Explain the statement: ‘I was re-born at the summit of Mount Everest.’, Just after a few steps on the way back, her oxygen supply finished. But, you know,, fortune favours the brave., When she fell down suffocating for oxygen, she came across an extra cylinder of oxygen, from nowhere., Sherpa immediately latched it on her and finally, they returned to the base., OR, , Ans.:, 1., 2., , In an accident Arunima lost her legs., It was so hard to climb the mountain after an accident .She was almost half dead but, aspired to climb the mountain not only world’s highest mountain but also six other picks, of the world. After these achievements she felt herself reborn, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.27, , Comprehension, , xii) Summarize the success story of Arunima Sinha., Ans.: Arunima Sinha is the first Indian amputee to climb the Mount Everest. Among women, amputee for which she was awarded the Padma Shri, the 4th highest civilian award in, India. Arunima was a sports enthusiast from the childhood- a national level volleyball, player. She had undergone the unbelievable accident. She tried her level best to combat, the robbers but they overpowered her and threw her out of the running train. She lost her, legs but believed herself. Her self-reliance helped her to prepare for Everest summit and, reached to the Everest Summit. It was really the hardest battle. Sherpa her local guide, thought that it is not less than suicidal attempt to climb the mountain after an accident., During mountaining, she entered the death zone. Without losing the mental balance she, kept on moving. On the way back her cylinder was finished .It was hard to live alive but, her strong determination rescued her. She climbed not only the Mount Everest but also, five others, 1., Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa (May 2014), 2., Mount Elbrus in Europe (July 2014), 3., Mount Kosciuszko in Australia (April 2015), 4., Mount Aconcagua in South America (Dec 2015), 5., Mount Carstensz (July 2016), , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.28, , Comprehension, , 2.8. SAVE YOURSELF, by Sridhar R, Exercise 2.15, , Give the contextual meanings of the following sample words using the dictionary., i), Panicky, : State of intense fear or depression., ii), Screaming, : A high pitched noise resembling a human cry., iii) Console, : Give moral or emotional strength, iv) Revealed, : Make known to the public, v), Collapse, : Fall or become unconscious, vi) Neurosurgeon, : Brain Surgeon, vii) Tracheostomy tube : Surgical operation that creates an opening into the trachea, with a tube inserted to provide a passage for air, viii) Irreplaceable, : Impossible to replace, ix) Aroma, : A distinctive odour that is pleasant, x), Irreplaceable, : Impossible to replace, Exercise 2.16, , Answer the following sample questions., i), Write the meaning of the word: collapse, Ans.: Fall or become unconscious, ii., Write the meaning of the word :panicky, Ans.: State of intense fear or depression, iii) Change the voice: We played his favourite music for him., Ans.: His favourite music was played by us for him., iv) Change the voice: We shifted Anish to a leading hospital., Ans.: Anish was shifted to a leading hospital by us., v), Express your views/ideas on: Road Safety., Ans.: Road safety refers to the methods and measures used to prevent road users from being, killed or seriously injured. In today’s world road transport has become an integral part of, every human being. Everybody is a road user in one shape or the other. The present, transport system has minimised the distance but it has on the other hand increased the, life risk. Every year road crashes lakhs of lives. We should follow all the following rules, to be safety on road:, 1) Often come across instructional hoardings.(which says don’t drink and drive), 2) Wear seatbelt while driving, 3) Don’t honk unnecessarily, 4) Drive car or other vehicle with 40km/hr., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.29, , Comprehension, , 5) Red light jumping is an offence., 6) Wait at the Zebra crossing to cross the road., 7) Two wheeler riders should wear helmet., 8) Don’t use mobile while driving., vi) Express your views/ideas on: Save Yourself from Mobile Addiction., Ans.: Smartphone addiction is becoming a big problem. Here are some signs of addiction:, - You frequently use your phone at mealtimes. You spend more time on your phone than, interacting with others in person. You frequently use your phone when you know you, should be doing something else more productive. You frequently use your smartphone, while performing tasks that require focus, e.g. completing an assignment, writing a, report, driving. You feel uncomfortable when your phone isn’t with you. These all, suggest you have addiction of mobile use., You can Save Yourself from Mobile Addiction by using following tricks:, 1. Turn off notifications.- The more often you check your phone, the more it becomes, an ingrained habit. So turn off notifications, and you’ll feel less compelled to use, your phone., 2. When you feel the urge to check your phone, close your eyes and take a deep, breath., 3. Delete all the social media apps on your phone., 4. Set specific boundaries for smartphone usage. Telling yourself that you should “use, your phone less” isn’t effective, because that phrase is too general. To limit your, phone usage, set specific boundaries instead. Here are some possible boundaries:, - No phone usage at mealtimes - No phone usage in the restroom, vii) State the importance and need of wearing helmets., Ans.:, 1., Riding a motorcycle gives riders a sense of freedom on the open road. However, there, are serious dangers involved in riding without a helmet., 2., A motorcycle does not provide the structural protection that a car does to keep drivers, safe in the event of an accident., 3., Motorcyclists need to take extra precautions to protect their body. The most important, place to start is by protecting the head., 4., The head and brain is most vulnerable to injury in a motorcycle accident. Drivers and, passengers wearing helmets increase their chance of survival significantly over nonhelmet wearers., 5., In 2012, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimated 1,699 lives were, saved because individuals wore helmets., 6., It is important for motorcyclists to understand the risks of riding without a, helmet. Riders who do not wear helmets are at risk of suffering a traumatic brain injury, if they are in an accident. Without protection, the head is vulnerable to a traumatic, impact in an accident even when traveling at low speeds., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.30, , Comprehension, , viii) State the reasons of youngsters’ reluctance to wearing helmets., Ans.:, 1., Some youngsters don’t like helmet. They think it is the headache to carry with., 2., Helmets give them tunnel vision and restrict the movement of their head. They lose, their sense of surrounding traffic., 3., Whenever they wear helmet head sweats because of which their hair gets spoiled., 4., They think wearing helmet is not adventurous journey., ix) Summarize the views of Anish’s father on wearing of helmets., Ans.:, 1., Anish’s father always used to insist him to wear a helmet whenever he rides on bike., 2., But Anish used to argue that he was travelling only a short distance., 3., He convinced him that accident can occur even we travel a short distance and there is a, maximum chance of head injury., 4., Whenever he wears helmet, His head sweats because of which his hair gets spoiled., 5., But because he didn’t wear helmet not his head itself got spoiled. His life got spoiled, x), Describe the tragedy of Anish after the accident., Ans.:, 1., Anish’s brain had got severe injury. Doctors operated him. He was shifted to the special, room., 2., Tubes were inserted in his body to aid breathing, feeding and urination. The right side of, the skull was cut open and kept in his abdomen for further use., 3., His only head was moving right to left. His entire body was unconscious hands and legs, were numb., 4., His house turned into special hospital. All the medical apparatuses were installed in the, house., 5., Four years were passed in bed. Anish’s condition remained unchanged., 6., Everyday all relatives were talking to him loudly holding his hand, playing his favourite, music., 7., All kinds of techniques tricks were operated but in vain. One day Anish had a problem, with his uro-catheter .They rushed to the hospital. There he developed a breathing, difficulty and collapsed. His painful life came to an end., xi) Explain the statement in six sentences: ‘Life is a precious, irreplaceable gift.’, Ans.: Life is precious. It is God’s gift to you. It is so unique that there is no one else on earth, like you. There never was; and never will be. Life, again, is an opportunity. It is an, opportunity to do well. Therefore it does not matter how long you live; all that matters is, how well you live and how safely you live. And how many lives you are able to touch, with love and encouragement., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.31, , Comprehension, , xii) Describe any road accident you have seen., Ans.: The most heart breaking accident that I have ever seen is the one that I witnessed near, CST Mumbai, while a train smashed a passing bus. I saw the accident almost one month, back and I can remember the event clearly so far., I was on my way to home from the capital city that I’m currently residing in. There is a, train pass on the road and our bus stopped at the signal. I was busy reading a magazine, on the bus and all of a sudden I heard a loud crashing sound and I looked through the, window. What I saw was unbelievable- the quickly passing train has hit a bus that was, trying to pass the train road. The bus had been thrown away like a toy and we could hear, the unbearable screaming of victims. Lots of people have gathered the place and the train, was passing slowly. People became speechless on the effect of the heart breaking, accident. I could see people were trying to help the wounded people and 2-3 ambulances, reached there after 15 minutes. The bus driver was blamed for the incident and I heard, that he was dead too. We could not move on from the place as a huge jam occurred. The, wounded people were moved to nearby hospitals and medical centres and the dead, people were placed in a nearby field. The entire place became a gloomy area and people, mourned on the event. I started feeling sick and tried to help the wounded people., I have witnessed more than 30 people were lying dead and their relatives were crying, and mourning heavily. I left the place after 8/9 hours and could not think anything else., The whole event occurred in a few minutes and the effect was heart touching. I had spent, nearly 2 weeks in a hallucination and thought a lot about the people who died there and, about their relatives. It came to my mind that, our life is hanging on the cliffs and we are, so helpless sometimes deciding our fates., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.32, , Comprehension, , 2.9. DOER TO MENTOR, by Guru Prasad Makkam, Exercise 2.17, , Give the contextual meanings of the following Sample words using the dictionary, i), Counter, : to respond, respond in retaliation, dealing with ahead of time, ii), Humdrum, : lacking variety or excitement, dull, boring, tediously repetitious, iii) Attire, : Clothing of a distinctive style or for particular occasion., iv) Entourage, : A retinue of attendants, associates or followers., v), Gratitude, : Appreciation, thankfulness, gratefulness, vi) Realm, : field, domain, sphere, vii) Delegate, : assign responsibility; allocate a task to a person, viii) Transition, : act of passing from one state to the next, change,, ix) Tremendous, : extraordinarily good or great, terrific, wonderful, x), Compassion, : empathy, sympathy for another’s suffering, fellow feeling., Exercise 2.18, , Answer the following sample questions, i), Write the meaning of the word: entrepreneur:, Ans.: 1) one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise 2) a, person who sets up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of, profit., ii), Write the meaning of the word: visionary:, Ans.: having or marked by foresight and imagination, thinking about or planning the future, with imagination or wisdom., Answer the following in 4 to 6 sentences, iii) Explain the terms: Doer and Mentor, Ans.:, Doer, :, A doer is like a baby learning tiny steps. A doer does everything. It may be a, work of coding system, system architecture accounting administration bark, office as business development. Doer is solely responsible for all activities., Thus doers 1st stage is to involve in all activities and learn., Mentor :, Mentor is a grown up state of doer. Doer days teach how to act. Manger days, guide how to manage. Leadership teaches how to create mangers. Mentor, means to create leaders and develop them to lead the organization. Mentor, inspires people to reach the goal of the organization. A mentor is creating a, vision to all the runners to achieve organization., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.33, , Comprehension, , iv) Explain the terms: Delegator and Leader, Ans.:, Delegator : Transition from a doer to a delegator covers the responsibility like to delegate, work and monitor the work progress. As a delegator one had to be a good, listener. Work issues are to be tackled by the delegator., Leader, : Leader has to lead the managers, inspire them to reach the goal of the, organization. Leader is motivator and guide to managers. Leader is just like an, orchestra conductor. He has to adjust all the activities towards a common goal., Leader creates managers and leaders will lead the organization., v), Express your views /ideas on: Planning for success., Ans.:, 1., Start your life as a doer. Perform all the activities independently. Take sole responsibility, of a work progress. Acquaint with doing domain to the strategy domain., 2., Learn group dynamics, marketing thoughts. Acquaint with technical issues to the global, perspective. These are the foundation of success story. Learn to curtail costs. Know all, the nuances of the business and higher management thoughts., 3., Learn to undergo a transition at every stage. We have to change as a person in each role., Change your thought process, your attitude and communication. Each of us needs to, figure out where we are positioned., 4., Develop communication, group strategy and skills of leading and motivating. These, ideas are needed for planning for success., vi) Express your views /ideas on: Entrepreneurship., Ans.: Entrepreneurship is an important engine of growth in the economy. An entrepreneur has, been defined as, "a person who starts, organizes and manages any enterprise, especially a, business, usually with considerable initiative and risk; running a small business with all, the risk and reward of any given business process" The people who create these, businesses are called entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are supposed to play all the roles, like: Doer, Delegator, Manager, Leader and mentor. The size of organization grows, depending on how fast, smooth and clear the transition of the entrepreneur is. A doer can, be mentor or entrepreneur if he changes as a person in each of these roles. He must, change his thought process, his attitude and communication., vii) State any four qualities of Mr. Lal that have inspired you., Ans.: the qualities of Mr. Lal that have inspired me are :, 1., Ready to work at every front and learn as a doer., 2., His multiple knowledge and role play as doer, delegate, manger, leader and mentor., 3., Without expecting assistance of his staff doing all things at all times and all fronts., 4., Always leading mangers to lead organization as leaders., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 2.34, , Comprehension, , viii) Describe the various roles of Mr. Lal as a Manager., Ans.: As we know that before positioned as a chairman of global corporation, he played, various roles in an organization. Every role taught him to add new knowledge and, experience to uplift his states. As a manager his role was to manage people of diverse, mind set up for progress of organization. To him managing people also meant teaching, them work, coupled with balancing their egos. He delegates work and monitors the work, progress., ix) Describe the role of Mr. Lal as a Doer of the organization., Ans.:, 1., As a doer Mr. Lal’s role was to do everything. The work may be of a coding, system, architecture, accounting, administration, back office or business development., 2., He was solely responsible for every act, worked on machines for a long time., a) In Lal’s words we can say a doer is like a baby learning tiny steps., b) His doer days taught him to do the most talking and to act more for playing, successful role., x), Summarize the success story of Mr. Lal., Ans.: Mr. Lal as a jet setter has experienced different time zones. He had countered challenges, in different geographies cultures, economies and laws. But before the chairman of a, global corporation, the secret of his success story lies in his different roles which he had, played in his life. At the 1st transitional phase he started his life as a ‘Doer’ that taught, him to do everything. Then as a delegator he had to delegate work and monitor the work, progress. As a manager he taught people how to work and learn to manager people and, their egos. As a leader he had created managers and as mentor he created leaders who, will lead the organization. To him every role was important that is the success story of, Mr. Lal., xi) Describe the characteristics of a successful entrepreneur., Ans.: A Successful entrepreneur must possess the following characteristics:, 1., Create a vision to all team members, 2., Ability to figure out in business and to know where we are positioned., 3., Must know assertive communication, group strategy and skills of leading and motivating, 4., Cost curtailing, knowing the higher management thoughts, 5., Ability to change his thought process, his attitude and communication., 6., Mould himself with compassion, selflessness and visionary., xii) State the names of any six young successful entrepreneurs of your region., Ans.:, 1., Mr. Sunil Chandak established Udyogwardhini in 1995 after having 10 years’, experience in Entrepreneurship & Vocational training in MITCON & MCED., 2., Mr. Ashok Katariya. Ashoka Buildcon, 3., Mr. Vijay Sharma. Bharat food industires, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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3.1, , Paragraph Writing

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English, , iii), , 3.2, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , MY TREASURED BELONGING, , Ans.:, Have you ever had a photograph that you have always treasured? I have a photograph of my, grandparents that is a treasured belonging of mine. The photo is glossy and radiant with an antique, finish that gives a feel of a rare treasure. They are holding hands and standing by a delicious, sweet,, savory apple tree. The sun is beating down on a pleasantly windy day. My grandmother’s long, coarse hair is blowing in the air. She looks luminous as my grandfather looks affectionately at her., They are staring intently into each other’s misty eyes. The feeling of the photo is shiny with a deep, fondness for each other. As I glance at the photo, I reminisce at how beautiful and wonderful my, grandparents were. The photograph will be a lasting memory of what wonderful grandparents I, have been blessed with., iv), , LAPTOPS, , Ans.:, Since computer technology has advanced rapidly, there various types of laptops available in, the market; starting from basic configuration to the higher one like touch screen or movable, screens. Laptop, also called as notebook, is a type of portable mini-computer that you can carry, anywhere unlike the desktop computer. A Laptop has important components like a Processor,, Memory (RAM), Hard drive, DVD drive, network cards, USB drives, Keyboard, Monitor etc. The, functionality of laptop increases if you prefer heavy configuration. You can do all your works at, any place just like surfing internet, playing games, listening songs, watching videos and chatting, with friends online etc. Nowadays, laptops are available at the cost that supports your budget and, fulfill your objectives., v), , MY FAVOURITE RESTAURANT, , Ans.:, My favourite restaurant is The Pavilion which is located at College road, Nashik. It’s an old, place retaining its charm on the hustling streets of college road. The Pavilion serves you the Indian, Chinese food at its best. It has no fancy menu and only one man who takes up the order, cooks it, with his magical hands and serves with a glistening smile on his face. It serves dishes like Crispy, Manchurian, Crispy Chicken, Singapore Noodles and its special Pavilion Soup. The place seems, too old, vintage type that is of the US of 80s and 90s. It had too many original photographs of the, cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar all around the walls. There is a CRT TV box on the counter that, plays English songs of 90s. Overall The Pavilion takes you back in the past from the hustles of, modern life. I really love visiting this place., vi), , AN ONLINE CLASS COMPARED TO A TRADITIONAL FACE-TO-FACE CLASS, , Ans. :, The concept of classroom has been changed over the past few years. Learning has crossed, the boundaries of the four walls of classroom. It takes place anywhere and anytime as per learner's, interest. In a traditional face to face class, learners sit in a room and takes up knowledge from a, teacher in a formal way. The teacher explains the chosen topic and discusses it with them, thoroughly. The students too give careful attention and respond instantly. But, sometimes, if the, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 3.3, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , topic to be taught is complex or difficult to understand, the lecture becomes monotonous and, boring for the students. On the other hand, in online class, learners become more interested to learn, a new concept. Here, They can choose any topic at their convenience and understand it properly., The online sessions are more lively and interesting. Moreover, students can review these lessons, repetitively to understand the concept well. As it is a learner motivated process, the learner needs, take extra efforts to understand the topic. It also has a drawback that it can not check the learner's, progress., vii), , TWO NEIGHBORHOODS, , Ans.:, People often become too thoughtful to choose between urban or rural neighborhood as they, both have their own advantages and disadvantages. Urban neighborhoods are more attractive than, the rural areas. They provide many facilities like schools, hospitals, markets, employment etc. The, transportation here is mich easier, people can hire private vehicles, carry their own bikes or cars; or, they can walk to their works. There are different means of entertainment in urban areas. Though, urban neighborhood provides many facilities, it also makes them much insecure and unsafe. There, are many chances of crimes. The atmosphere in urban neighborhood is quite noisy and polluted. It's, quite expensive to live in urban neighborhood like a while renting a home here, people have to pay, a heavy security deposit, rent and utility expenses. On the other hand, rural neighborhoods surround, with nature. The atmosphere is very pleasant and peaceful. The Day starts with a view of beautiful, landscape. People lease their homes in acquaintance only, so there is no issue of security deposit or, mortgage. The rents are cheaper than the urban area. Generally people rely on public transportation., There are not many job opportunities in rural areas, so they commute to the cities in search of jobs., There are not much facilities of health and education., viii) A REAL VACATION AND A DREAM VACATION, Ans.:, A vacation is an off from the activities you do every day. You go on a trip or journey for the, purpose of rejuvenation. We often take a vacation during specific holiday observances, or for, specific festivals or celebrations. Vacation or holidays are often spent with friends or family., Experiencing a vacation, there are two ways on how we can relax through this thing. They are, having the real vacation and the dream vacation. A real vacation is something that we had, accomplished like my vacation at Goa. There, experiences are really true to life and realistic. We, went on a beach and have the most enjoyable way of relaxing ourselves. This real vacation is, something that you can treasure thorough the real situation of memories. Not all things that you, want always happen here. You just have to enjoy to those limited things that exist in reality. In a, dream vacation, everything that you wanted to have would always be granted but it is only in your, dreams. Everything would be a possible thing but it is not exactly factual. People are not always, satisfied on dreams only. They are expecting more than that like making it happen. In your dream, vacation, you don’t have the chance to be in that real situation of pleasure. Dreams are just dreams., It’s up to the person if he will make it happen or not., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , ix), , 3.4, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , LED TV, , Ans.:, A light-emitting diode (LED) backlight combines a liquid crystal display (LCD) with an, LED light source to generate color on computer and TV screens. LED backlighting is needed to, produce light and color from behind the screen of a device. This technology is able to produce a, wide array of colors and comes as either an edge-lit or local-dimming LED backlighting system., The use of LEDs makes it easier for consumers and workers to look at a screen without eyestrain,, though eyestrain will still occur if the screen is looked at continuously for several hours., Uniformity of color is easy to maintain when LEDs are new, but LEDs tend to age at different, rates, so color may change in one section of the screen., In LED backlighting, an array of small diodes are used that are either white — really blue, with yellow phosphor to create white, because there is no white LED — or Red Green Blue (RGB), LEDs. White is used in cheaper screens, while RGB can produce a higher variety of color. LED, backlights are used mostly for smaller screens such as TVs and computers, because LEDs cannot, produce the necessary amount of brightness for larger displays., x), , WIFI TECHNOLOGY, , Ans.:, WIFI TECHNOLOGY is a wireless networking technology used across the globe based, on the IEEE 802.11 standards. A person or business can use a wireless router or similar device to, create a "hotspot" or area in which appropriate devices can connect wirelessly to a network or gain, Internet access. In a WiFi network, computers with appropriate network cards can connect, wirelessly to a proper router. This router is usually connected to the Internet by means of a modem,, often one featuring a high-speed connection. Any user within 200 feet or so (about 61 meters) of, the access point can then connect to the Internet, though for good transfer rates. Hardware, developers produce mobile phones, laptops, and tablet computers that are all compatible with this, wireless technology., xi), , LCD TV, , Ans.:, An LCD TV is a flat panel digital television that uses Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), technology verses the competing plasma technology or the older cathode ray tube (CRT), technology. LCD is also used in computer displays, and an LCD TV is simply a larger monitor with, a built-in TV tuner, or with the ability to display high definition resolutions fed from a set-top, digital display box provided by a cable TV or satellite vendor. LCD TV uses a five-layer, technology within the panel to bring colors and pictures to life. These layers consist of a backlight,, polarized glass, a colored pixel mask, liquid crystal solution, and a second sheet of polarized glass., Each pixel in the LDC screen has a dedicated transistor that manipulates the orientation of crystals, through precise electrical charges and voltages. Crystal orientation acts like a shutter to block or, allow the backlight to flow through specific colored pixels, creating the hues that make up the, picture., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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3.2, , Dialogue Writing

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English, , 3.6, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , c), A dialogue between two friends about how they commute to college., Ans.:, Saniya, : Hi Vaishnavi!, Vaishnavi : Hi!, Saniya, : May I know where do you stay?, Vaishnavi : I live at Panchvati, Nashik., Saniya, : How far is it from our institute?, Vaishnavi : It’s just four kilometres from Our institute., Saniya, : How do you commute?, Vaishnavi : I come on my bike. How about you?, Saniya, : I stay nearby in the college premises. So, I walk to the institute every day. It, hardly takes any time., Vaishnavi : Oh! Good. I must leave now else I will get stuck up in the traffic. Bye., Saniya, : Bye., d), A dialogue between a clerk and a student about scholarship., Ans.:, Student, : Good afternoon sir, I am Aradhana from first year Mechanical Engineering., May I have a scholarship form?, Office Clerk : Here, take it., Student, : What is the last date of filling this form?, Office Clerk : 29th of this month., Student, : Do I have to join / attach any mark sheets of documents along with the, scholarship form?, Office Clerk : Yes, of course., Student, : All right Madam, Thank you for the information. Good day to you., Office Clerk : Welcome. Good day., e), A dialogue between Registrar and student about the attestation of documents., Ans.:, Student : Good morning madam., Registrar : Good morning., Student : Madam, I am a student of first year Computer Technology Department. Will you, please attest my certificates?, Registrar : Why do you need the attestation now?, Student : Madam, I want to submit these copies in the office., Registrar : All right. Show me the original documents first., Student : Here they are., Registrar : Take the stamp from that counter., Student : Thank you very much Madam. You have been very cooperative., Registrar :, , Welcome., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 3.7, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , Exercise : 3.3, , Develop dialogues for the following situations., a), An Office clerk and a student enquiring about collecting scholarship cheque, Ans.:, A, : May I come in sir?, B, : Yes, come in., A, : Good morning sir. I am Sachin Bhalerao from Second year IT branch. I want to enquire, about scholarship., B, : Okay. What exactly do you want?, A, : Has the first year scholarship disbursed?, B, : Yes, it is. But did you submit your scholarship form with all the necessary documents?, A, : Yes sir. I did., B, : All right, then. Let me check your name in the list. Which branch are you in?, A, : Information Technology, sir., B, : IT Branch… Sachin Bhalerao… Got it. You have been allotted scholarship of Rs. 7550., Please sign in before your name., A, : (Signs over the register) Done sir., B, : Here is your cheque., A, : Thank you so much sir., B, : It’s all right., b), An Office clerk and a student enquiring about EBC Scholarship, Ans.:, A, : Good morning madam, B, : Good morning. What do you want?, A, : Madam, would you please tell when will our EBC scholarship application process start?, B, : It’s already started., A, : Oh, I see. Could I get a form please?, B, : The scholarship procedure has become online now., A, : May I know the details please?, B, : To apply online, you’ll have to create an account on government’s scholarship website., There, you need to fill in the necessary information with correct documents upload. And, finally, you should submit the hard copy to the college., A, : What is the last date of online application?, B, : The website will be open till one month, but it is always good to finish your work soon., A, : Sure madam…, B, : Don’t worry. If you get any difficulty while filling online form, you can ask me anytime., A, : Thank you so much madam., B, : You’re welcome. Now collect your documents and fill up the scholarship form online., A, , : Yes Madam, thanks again., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , c), , 3.8, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , Registrar and student regarding cancellation of admission., , Ans.:, A, : Good morning sir., B, , : Good morning. What’s the matter?, , A, , : Sir, May I know the procedure for cancellation of an admission?, , B, , : Why do you want to cancel your admission?, , A, , : Actually sir, I had also applied for XI science and I have been allotted a seat at KTHM, College. I aspire to work in medical field. So I want to take admission there., , B, , : Okay. Write an application tothe Principal stating your reason for leaving the college., , A, , : When will I get my admission fees back?, , B, , : See. It’s been a month since you took admission in our college. So, as per rules, your 40%, of the admission fees will be deducted., , A, , : No problem. Thank you so much sir for the information., , B, , : It’s all right., , d), , Librarian and a student about losing the borrowed book., , Ans.:, A, : May I come in sir., B, , : Yes, please., , A, , : Sir, I am sorry to tell you that I lost the book I had taken from our library., , B, , : What are you talking? How come you lost library’s book?, , A, , : I’m so sorry sir. Actually, yesterday, when I was going back to my home, someone stole, my bag from the bus stop., , B, , : Have you lodged a complaint or not then?, , A, , : Yes sir, I did. My other books and notebooks were also there in the bag., , B, , : So sad. Don’t cry now. We have an alternative for that. Buy a new book with the same, author and publishing house and submit it in the library., , A, , : Okay sir. I’ll inform my father about that., , B, , : And don’t worry about your bag. I’m sure the police will find it out soon., , A, , : Thank you sir., , e), , Student enquiring about the availability of the book ‘Wings of Fire’ by A.P.J. Abdul, Kalam in the library., , Ans.:, A, : May I come in sir?, B, , : Yes, come in., , A, , : Sir, is the book Wings of Fire by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam available in our library?, , B, , : Yes, it is., , A, , : Can I issue in on my name sir?, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 3.9, , Paragraph and Dialogue Writing, , B, , : Actually, it’s a reference book and the students are allowed to take books related to, syllabus only. Still, if you wish to read it, you can keep your Identity card here and read, the book in the study room., , A, , : All right sir. Can I have it? We have a free lecture now., , B, , : Of course. Just sign over here in this register., , A, , : Thank you sir., , B, , : You’re welcome. It’s really a nice book, I’m sure you’d love reading it., , A, , : Sure sir., , f), , Dialogue Between two friends about the importance of Engineering diploma., , Ans.:, Rutik, , :, , Hi Tanmay!, , Tanmay :, , Hi Rutik! How are you?, , Rutik, , I am fine. What are you doing here in the cyber café?, , :, , Tanmay :, , I am filling option form of engineering diploma., , Rutik, , :, , That means you are going for engineering diploma. But why Have you planned for, engineering diploma?, , Tanmay :, , Engineering diploma can be really helpful in our life. It gives us sound technical, knowledge. Nowadays more importance is given to the practical skills in, engineering diploma, , Rutik, , Oh, very nice! what about job opportunities in the industry for diploma holders?, , :, , Tanmay :, , There is a big demand for diploma engineers in industry now-a-days. Apart from, this, student can go for direct second year in engineering after a diploma., , Rutik, , That’sgreat.You made a right choice.I too think that I should go for diploma now., Ok then, I have to go. Bye!, , :, , Tanmay :, , Bye., , , , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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4.1, , Rules of Spelling

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4.2, , Words often Confused

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4.3, , Collocations

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4.4, , Idioms

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Unit, , 5, , Speeches, Exercise 5.1: Prepare speeches for the following situations:, , i), , As a Student Coordinator, draft a welcome speech for the Paper Presentation, Competition organized by your department., Ans.: Good morning ladies and gentlemen. I take this opportunity to welcome Mr. Sandip, Kumar, director of Zenith Academy, for this event today. He has an expertise in delivering, lectures on personality development. He is also associated with well-known companies as a, trainer. It is an honour and a privilege for us Sir to have you with us today. It gives me, immense pleasure to welcome our principal, Prof. P.N.Patil for this function. I also welcome, the dignitaries on the dais and of the dais, media representatives and my dear friends. Today, we have gathered here for the paper presentation competition arranged for the first year, students by Sandip Polytechnic, Nashik . Once again I welcome all of you for this function., Hope you have a great time., Thank you., ii), , As a Faculty Coordinator, draft a welcome speech for the inaugural function of a, social activity organized by your institute., , Ans.:, A pleasant morning to one and all!, Welcome to the ‘Blood Donation Camp’. I, Mr. Avinash Patil, take this opportunity to, welcome Dr.V.S.Walke, Dean of Pune University, for this function today. It is an honour and, privilege for us to have you with us today. I also welcome the dignitaries on the dais and of the, dais, media representative and my dear friends .Today we have gathered here for the Blood, Donation Camp organised by Sandip Polytechnic, Nashik. Blood donation is one of the most, significant contributions that a person can make towards the society. It is not harmful for an, adult person to donate blood. The body of the donor can regenerate the blood within few days., Safe blood saves lives and improves health. Blood is the most precious gift that anyone can, give to another person —the gift of life. Thus you are doing very noble deed by donating, blood. Once again I welcome all of you for this function., Thank you., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 5.2, , Speeches, , iii), , Draft a welcome speech for Dr. Khare, an industrialist from your region who is, invited to your institute for a talk on ‘Expectations of the industry from the, diploma holders’., Ans.: Good morning to ladies and gentlemen., Welcome to the guest lecture. I take this opportunity to welcome Dr. Avinash Khare, a, well-known industrialist, from Nashik region for this function today. It is an honour and, privilege for us to have you with us today. I also welcome the dignitaries on the dais and of the, dais, media representative and my dear friends .Today we have gathered here for the guest, lecture organised by Sandip Polytechnic, Nashik. We are very fortunate that our eminent guest,, Dr. Khare, is going to talk on ‘Expectations of the industry from the diploma holders’. Due to, globalisation, expectations of the industry from the diploma holders has been changing very, rapidly. Now ,industry wants students who have practical knowledge of the subject, substantial, technical skills, soft skills/ communication skills etc. Taking into account the global scenario,, we have organised this guest lecture for the students. Once again I welcome all of your for this, function., Thank you., Exercise 5.2 : Prepare speeches for the following situations, , i), , A senior faculty of your department is retiring from the job. As an HOD, draft a, Farewell Speech for the faculty., Ans.: Good afternoon ladies and gentleman!, Today we have gathered here for bidding farewell to Mr. D.K.Bhavsar of Mechanical, Department. He has put in total 22 years of service as an assistant professor in the Mechanical, department of our institute. He has worked with enthusiasm and devotion and contributed, positively for the development of the department. He shared a good rapport with faculties as, well as students. He will retire this month end after putting 22 years of dedicated service. I, wish him good health, peace of mind and lots of happiness in the years to come. Once again I, take this opportunity to wish Mr. Bhavsar a happy retired life. May god bless you with good, health and a long life., Thank you., ii), You are leaving your current organization; draft a farewell speech for the occasion., Ans.: Good evening to everyone gathered here in the farewell party of mine., I would like to say a big thank to all of you for giving me a wonderful farewell party, today. My dear colleagues, as we all know that nothing is touching to heart than to leave the, organisation. I was so much valued by all of you here in my full term of office. I am leaving, today this office and most importantly all my nice colleagues which is very painful. I cannot, express my sorrow of leaving to all of you. You have made me so special and given me a place, in your heart. Really I can never forget it., , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 5.3, , Speeches, , I have learned here a lot from my own mistakes and developed a strong faith in myself., All the guidance I get here would be with me in my life. Joining and leaving organisation are, the regular phenomenon of everyone’s life .we must have to leave an organisation to go ahead, for future progress . Again a big thank to this company for everything it has given to me., Thank you everyone!, iii) As an HOD, draft a speech for farewell function of final year students., Ans.: Good morning to the respected Principal sir, all HODs, my colleagues and dear students., It is a very special day when we are giving farewell party to our third year Mechanical, Engineering students .Today on 15th of April, we have gathered here in huge number to bid, farewell to the group of young students. Dear students you have invested three precious years, of your life in this institute. I hope you will use your knowledge to contribute to the nation., You will innovate something new in your field. Some students have a dream to become a, successful businessman. If you are honest, you can become successful in any field. The, journey of thousand miles starts with a single step. You should try honestly, success will, follow you. Where there is a will, there is a way. You may face lot of difficulties in your, journey. You should not get frustrated. Move ahead with confidence. If your efforts are sincere, then sky is the limit for you., Once again I would like to give my best wishes to my students for their future life., Exercise 5.3 : Prepare speeches for the following situations, , i), , Your department/institute has organized a Guest Lecture on ‘Skill India’., Introduce the speaker to the audience., Ans.: A very good morning to one and all!, It gives me immense pleasure to introduce today’s chief guest /speaker Dr. R. A., Mashelkar for this function today. Today we are fortunate enough that we have got golden, opportunity to listen to Dr. Mashelkar. He is going to talk on Skilled India Mission., Dr. Mashelkar needs no introduction. He is very well known and one of the most, distinguished scientists of India . He has completed BE in Chemical Engineering in 1966, from Pune University . later on he pursued his Ph.D. in 1969 from Mumbai University. He, is National Research Professor and is also the President of Global Research Alliance. He, served as the Director General of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), for, over eleven years .He also has served on the Prime Ministers Scientific Advisory Council. Dr., Mashelkar is only the third Indian engineer to have been elected as Fellow of Royal Society, (FRS), London in the twentieth century. He is the guru of innovation and is currently the, Chairman of India’s National Innovation Foundation. For his pioneering work he has received, over 50 awards and medals including this year’s Padmavibhushan. Thirty one Indian and, International Universities have honoured him by giving honorary doctorates degree to him. But, more than these awards and rewards, he is an extremely decent and nice human being who has, helped large number of people from all walks of life., Sir, I request you to take over the proceeding .Thank you., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 5.4, , Speeches, , ii), , Draft a speech to introduce the chief guest for the First Year Induction Program, organised by your institute., Ans.: A very good morning to one and all!, It gives me immense pleasure to introduce today’s chief guest /speaker Dr. Rajat Moona, today., Today we are gathered here for the first year induction program. We are fortunate that, we have amongst us such an eminent professor to guide us., Dr. Rajat Kapur is a distinguished Professor of IIT Kanpur. He did his B.Tech from IIT, Kanpur in 1985 and his Ph.D. from Indian Institute of Science Bangalore in 1989. Since then, he has been a faculty at IIT Kanpur . He is the well-known resource person of computer, architecture in the country. Now, he has also been working for C-DAC as a resource person., Very soon he will be leaving C-DAC to become Vice Chancellor of IIT Raipur., He has played a key role in defining standards for the Operating Systems for Smart, Cards for the Government of India .This system is useful in applications such as Driving, License, Vehicle Registration Systems, Indian National ID, Electronic Passports and several, other ID related applications. He has also been instrumental in defining the strategy for smart, card certification mechanisms for the Government of India. He is really a versatile person., Sir, I request you to take over the proceeding .Thank you., iii) Draft a speech to introduce the chief guest Dr. Mehta who is invited to conduct a, three days workshop on ‘Goal Setting’., Ans.: A very good morning to one and all!, I am glad to introduce the Chief Guest of this function Shree. Ashok Thorat ., Today we have gathered here for three days workshop on ‘Goal Setting’. I am sure that, Mr. Ashok Thorat is the right person who can guide you for this workshop., Mr. Ashok Thorat is the Senior Vice President of Jindal Steel Pvt. Ltd., He did his graduation in Mechanical Engg. from Karnataka University, in 1982. Later on, he did his PhD from Pune University. I am happy to note that he started his career as a faculty, in Government Polytechnic, Nashik. He worked there for two years. Then he Joined Tata Steel, Company, Pune. He served in Tata Steel Ltd as a Production manager. He was conferred ‘Best, Executive Award’ in the company. He has a versatile experience of over 30 years in the areas, of maintenance, projects and operations of Steel and power plants. He holds an international, patent for modification work carried out at Tata Steel Ltd. Now he has been selected as the, Senior Vice President of Jindal Steel Pvt. Ltd., Being a senior vice president, he is in charge of iron making section at Jindal Steel Pvt., Ltd., I feel proud to say that Mr. Thorat has a perfect blend of engineering and management., This blend helps him to reach the heart and mind of the audience. So ladies and gentlemen,, presenting before you the most awaited speaker of today Mr. Ashok Thorat., Sir, I request you to take over the proceeding .Thank you., Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 5.5, , Speeches, , Exercise 5.4 : Prepare speeches for the following situations:, , i), , Your institute has organized an intercollegiate technical event. Give vote of thanks, to all the concerned members., , Ans.: Good afternoon Ladies and Gentlemen,, I am standing before you to propose vote of thanks. I would like to thank our honourable, founder, president, Mr. Rakesh Bhamare, for giving us an opportunity to organize this event. I, am also thankful to our principal, Mr. Soham Patil, who motivated and supported us for the, success of this event. I thank the chief guest, Mr. Sandip Patil, from the bottom of my heart for, giving his valuable time for us and gracing the event by his presence. I express my heartfelt, thanks to all the teachers who inspired us during this technical event. I thank all the organisers,, event coordinators, technicians and my Colleagues, without their support the event would not, have been successful. Before I conclude, I want to thank our mess in charges for providing us, the tasty food and tea. I extend my thanks to all the students for attending this technical event., Thank you all., ii), , The Sports Events organized by your institute have come to an end. As a Sports, incharge, give vote of thanks., , Ans.: Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen., I am standing before you to propose vote of thanks. At the outset I would like to thank, our honorable Founder President, Mr. Sahebrao Patil, for giving us an opportunity to organize, Sports Events for our students. I am also thankful to our principal, Prof. Ram Patil, who, motivated and supported us for the success of this event. I thank the chief guest, Mr. Shlok, Bhamare, from the bottom of my heart for taking out some time for us and gracing the event, by his presence. I express my heartfelt thanks to all the teachers who inspired us during this, Sports Events. I thank all the organisers, event coordinators and my colleagues, without their, support the event would not have been successful. Before I conclude, I want to thank our mess, in charge for providing us the tasty food and tea. I extend my thanks to all the students for, attending and enjoying the event., Thank you all., iii), , Prepare vote of thanks for the Annual Gathering of your institute., , Ans.: Good Morning to one and all., I stand before you to propose a vote of thanks. At the outset, I want to thank our, honourable Founder President, Manohar Bhamare, for giving us an opportunity to organise this, event. I am thankful to our Principal , Mr. A.S.Bedse, who motivated and supported us for the, success of this event. I thank the chief guest, Amol Patil, from the bottom of my heart for, taking out some time for us and gracing the event. I thank all the organisers, event coordinators, Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds

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English, , 5.6, , Speeches, , and my colleagues without their support the event would not have been successful. I express, my heartfelt thanks to all the teachers who inspired us during this Event. Before I conclude, I, want to thank our mess in charge for providing us the tasty food and tea. I extend my thanks to, the wonderful audience for their patient listening., Last but not the least; I thank all those who have directly or indirectly helped in making, the programme successful., Thank you all., , , , Gigatech Publishing House, Igniting Minds