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PC7. Entrepreneurship and Leadership., PC9. Professional, Ethical and Legal Practice., PC10. Continuing Professional Development., , 4, Relevant course outcomes, CO1: Identify the given crude drugs based on the morphological characteristics, , 5. Competency and skills, 1, Identification of part of the plant which has pharmacognostic importance., , 2. Skills of observing Ispaghula and Senna., , 6, Practical outcomes, Afier completion of this practical the students will be able to:, 1. Identify the main parts of Ispaghula and Senna., 2. Recall the morphological! characters of Ispaghula and Senna., 3. Utilise the knowledge of morphological characters in identification of crude drugs., , 7.Relevant Affective Domain Related Outcomes, 1. Practice good house- keeping methods., 2. Display a professional commitment to ethical practices., , 3. Demonstrate working as a Leader or team member., , 8 Theory, , ISPAGHULA, Synonyms: Isapgol, Isabgol, Haliv, Ispaghula, Spongel seeds, of the plant used: Seeds, F Source: Plantago ovata Forskal, amily: Plantagi ae, 7 @, , , , , , “a ‘

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3.5 mm long, !—1.8 mm wide., t of 100 seeds: 0.15-0.19 g, , Appearance: Seeds are hard, translucent and smooth, the (dorsal convex) surface consists of a 5, elongated glossy reddish-brown spot at the centre while the ventral (concave) surface has a cavity havingy, , um covered with a thin whitish membrane., , , , Figure 4.1 Ispaghula seeds, Chemical constituents, , 1. Mucilage contains pentosan and aldobionic acid, , , , , , 2. Also contains hydrolysis products. xylose, ar cturonic acids and rhamnose, , 3. Also contains fixed oils and proteins., , , , , , , , , , Chemical tests, Sr. No. Reagents Observations, 1 Seeds of Isapghula + Ruthenium red Pink colour, 2 Dry seed + thionic test solution wait Mucilage tumed y iolet red, 10 min, wash with alcohol in colour, 3 gm of drug + 20 ml water Measure the volume for swell, (mix with occasional shaking) Sling index, , , , , , , , , , , , Uses, , 1. Asdemulcent, laxative, emollient, , 2. In treatment of chronic constipation, in amoebic and bacillary dysentery, 3. Intablets and asa stabilizer in the ice-cream industry., , SENNA, Synonyms: Tinnevelly Senna, Indian senna, Alexandrian Senna, Folia Senna, Sonamukhi, , Part of the plant used: |eaflets, Biological source: Cassia acutifolia Delile, Cassia angustifolia Vah\, , 159%, eZ a

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Figure 4 .2 Leaflets of Senna, , , , , Chemical constituents, , “1Anthraquinone glycosides Sennoside A, B,C and D,, Also, contains rhein, kaempferol, aloe emodin, isorhamnetin T., , “dianthrones and their glycosides., ‘Chemical Test, , , , . ‘3. Free chrysophanol, emodin and their glycosides and free aloe-emodin, rhein, their monoanthrones,, , , , , , |sr.No. Test, , Observation, , , , 1 |Borntrager's Test: Take 0.1¢ of powdered leaves and, boil with 5 ml of 10% sulphuric acid for 2 min., , Filter and then cool it, Take the filtrate and shake, , with equal volume of organic solvents like benzene,, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride. Separate the, organic layer and add equal quantity of 10% ammonia, to it., , , , , , , , Ammonical layer shows pink colour, (due to the presence of Anthraquinone, , derivatives), , , , , , , , , , , , , , , eed, Senna leaves, glass plate,, , microscope (ifnecessary)., , —

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13, Related questions, 1. Mention the synonyms of Ispaghula, :, 2. Give the biological source of Senna., , 3. How will you differentiate between Alexandrian, 4. Give the chemical constituents of Ispaghula,, , 5. Give the chemical constituents of Senna, 6, Enlist the synonyms of senna., 7. Give the biological source of Ispaghula,, 8. Enumerate the uses of Ispaghula., 9. What are the uses of Senna?, , and Tinnevelly Senna?

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_\taboratory Manual of Pharmacognosy, , 10. Mention the characteristic features of Ispaghula,, , (Space for Answers), , 14. Assessment scheme (For Teachers), , , , , , , , , Marks |, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Particulars Marks, ai = Allotted Obtained, Understanding the basic concept/ theory principle x aa, (Intellectual Skill) 02, Performance of the experi t (Motor Skill) 05 [, Cleanliness and Handling (Affective Domain) 01, Viva voce 02, , , , , , , , , , , , , Total, , Signature of Teacher w ith date, , , , , , 10