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A+ SOCIAL SCIENCE STD - VIII, UNIT:9, , FROM MAGADHA TO THANESWAR, 1. Name the book written by Megasthenes in which description of Maurya reign is included, , , 'Indica', , , , The king received tough security, , , , King used to take his food only after the security tasted it., , 2. What do you understand about the Maurya reign from the description given in page no.145, , , , Armed women as bodyguards around the king, , The king fears that somebody may jeopardize him at any time, , 3. What information do we gather about the responsibilities of the king from Kautilya's Arthashastra?, , , The king should inspire his people to perform their duties., , , , Attain love of the people by gaining wealth., , , , , Attain humility from learning., , Indolence, telling lies, luxurious dressing, deals arising from ego and misconduct etc. should be, avoided, , 4. Kautilya, in his Arthashastra mentions about the seven elements essential for a state. What are they?, Svami, , Seven Limbs('Saptangas'), The king, , Amatya, , The minister/official, , Kosa, , The treasury/Tax, , Danda, , The Judiciary, , Durga, , The fort/army, , Mitra, , The ally, , Janapada, , The territory, , 5. How far did the Saptanga theory help in the centralised administration system of the Mauryas?, OR, , Chandragupta Maurya established a rule based on the Saptanga concept. Substantiate, , , Established a rule based on the Saptanga concept., , , , Expanded his kingdom by conquering neighbouring states, , , , Formed a strong army, , A+ BLOG- www.apluseducare.blogspot.com Whatsapp 9746544422, , Page 1

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A+ SOCIAL SCIENCE STD - VIII, , , Collected various taxes for meeting the general under Alexander, the ruler of administrative, , , , Made alliance with many foreign countries, , , , , expenses, , There were ministers and number of officials who helped him in the administration, Chandragupta Maurya was the head of the administration and judiciary, , 6. What are the factors that brought Maurya kingdom the status of the first empire in India?, , , Kingdom was extensively large., , , , Unified administration established throughout the whole state., , , , Administration was centred on the king., , 7. Maurya empire-hierarchy, , , Chandragupta Maurya, , Bindusara, , Ashoka, 8. What details can you gather from the edict about the Dhamma of Ashoka?, , , Animal sacrifice was not permitted., , , , Obey the mother, father and elders., , , , , Started respecting relatives, Brahmans and sramanas., Lessened the punishments and urged for a simple living., , 9. What were the aims of establishing Dhamma?, , , , , , , Supreme need to instil unity, peace and harmony among the people in the vast country, , To propagate and make people aware of his ideas and rules, Ashoka erected edicts in various, parts of the country and made inscriptions on rocks., , Sent officers to different parts of the country and other countries to propagate Dhamma, , Installed stupas containing the relics and left overs of Buddha in various parts of the country, Places where Dhamma was propagated were free from conflicts and sectarianism, , 10. How will you classify edicts of Asok?, , , The edicts can be classified as major rock edicts, minor rock edicts and pillar edicts, , A+ BLOG- www.apluseducare.blogspot.com Whatsapp 9746544422, , Page 2

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A+ SOCIAL SCIENCE STD - VIII, Major Rock Edicts, , •, , Sopara, , •, , Girnar, , •, , Sannathi, , •, , Jaugada, , •, , Dhauli, , •, , Kalsi, , •, , Kandahar, , •, , Shabargarhi, , •, , Shabazgrhi, , •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Minor Rock Edicts, Lagman, Lampaka, Bahpur, Byrath, Gjunar, Saranath, Rupnath, Maski, Brahmagiri, , Pillar Edicts, , •, , Kandahar, , •, , Meerut, , •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Topra, Sanji, Lumbini, Rampurva, Lauriya-Nandangarh, Lauriya-Araraj, Kausambi, , 11. Name the most important stupa of Asoka, , , Sanchi stupa, , , , During the reign of Ashoka's successors, the power of the king and the influence of Dhamma, , , , As a result, many farther province became independent., , 12. Write the reason for the Decline of Maurya empire, were weakened., , 13. List out the economic activities of the Maurya empire which were controlled by the state, , , The conquered regions were brought under cultivation., , , , The development of agriculture and villages led to the development in trade., , , , , , , , Irrigation facilities were arranged for the development of agriculture., Roads were established for the development of trade., Trees were planted on both sides of the road., , Porters' rests were also erected at various places near the roads., Roads helped in having trade relations with other places., , 14. What were the steps taken by the government for the progress of trade, , , Punch-marked coins were used for trade and for payment of wages., , , , The authority for minting coins was vested with the government., , , , , , Mines and metallurgy were controlled by the government., The government officials collected taxes from the traders., The accuracy of weights and measures was ensured., , A+ BLOG- www.apluseducare.blogspot.com Whatsapp 9746544422, , Page 3

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A+ SOCIAL SCIENCE STD - VIII, 15. According to Megasthenes, there existed seven social divisions during the Maurya rule.Which were, , , they?, , 1.Farmers 2.Philosophers 3.Soldiers 4.Herdsmen and hunters 5.Artisans and traders 6.Magistrates, 7.King’s counsellors, , 16. Different kinds of taxes for raising funds during the Maurya rule-table, Taxes, , •, , Bhaga, , •, , Udagabhaga, , •, , Bali, , •, , Shulka, , Sectors in which the tax was imposed, , •, , Tax on land, , •, , Tax on Water, , •, •, , Tax on fruits and flowers, Tax on export and import of goods, , 17. How did the spread of agriculture result in social inequality?, , , Agriculture was expanded to a large area and handicrafts based on agriculture developed., , , , This led to the strengthening of a social order based on varnas which was centred on, occupation., , , , According to Megasthenes, there existed seven social divisions at that time, , 18. Who was the notable ruler among the Kushanas? Write his contributions., , , Kanishka., , , , He contributed much to the propagation of Buddhism., , , , He started the Shaka era in 78 C E (This later became the official calendar of India)., , 19. Name the Buddhist scholars who adorned Kanishka’s court, , , Asvaghosha and Vasumitra, , , , The Kushanas, , , , Charaka and Sushruta, , , , A new style of sculpture emerged as a result of the amalgamation of the style of Greece and, , , , These sculptures were mainly made in Kandahar (Gandharam) Gandhara Sculpture regions in, , 20. Which dynasty introduced gold coins in India?, 21. Name two figures in the field of medicine lived during the period., 22. Write the features of Gandhara sculpture, , Rome with Indian style of sculpture. This is known as the Gandhara sculpture, Afghanistan, , 23. Write short note on Satavahanas, A+ BLOG- www.apluseducare.blogspot.com Whatsapp 9746544422, , Page 4

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A+ SOCIAL SCIENCE STD - VIII, , , During this period traders from north India and propagators of Jainism, Buddhism and, , , , This resulted in the cultural exchange between north and south., , , , Brahmanism came to south India., , India had trade relations with the Roman Empire., , 24. Explains the land grant system during the Satavahana period., , , The Satavahana rulers donated land to Buddhist monks and Brahmanas., , , , Gradually the administrative power of these places was given to them., , , , , The aim of such donations was to enlarge the area of agricultural land., This weakened the power of the kings., , 25. What were the changes that happened due to the growth of trade during Satavahanas’s period?, , 26. After the decline of the Maurya empire, which empire developed in the Gangetic plain?, , , Gupta empire., , , , Chandragupta I, , , , Harisena., , 27. Who was the first powerful Gupta ruler?, 28. Whose work was 'Prashasti'?, 29. Observe the map and complete the table given., A+ BLOG- www.apluseducare.blogspot.com Whatsapp 9746544422, , Page 5

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A+ SOCIAL SCIENCE STD - VIII, , 30. Write the reforms of Chandrgupta II?, , , He transferred the capital from Pataliputra to Ujjain., , , , A large number of gold coins were in circulation., , , , , The Navaratnas, who were famous in various fields, lived in his court., These coins are specimens of the artistic skills of that time., , 31. Name the Chinese traveller who visited India during the period of Chandrgupta II, , , Fa-Hsien, , 32. Hierarchical order of Gupta dynasty, , 33. Explains the land grant system during the Gupta period, , , A large extent of land was donated to Jain saints, Buddhist monks, Brahmanas and to the, , , , Those who got the land were given the right to exchange it., , , , officials in the palace., , They made the farmers work in their land., , A+ BLOG- www.apluseducare.blogspot.com Whatsapp 9746544422, , Page 6

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A+ SOCIAL SCIENCE STD - VIII, , , The farmers had no right on the land., , , , The life of the farmers was pathetic., , , , There was an increase in agricultural production, , 34. How the royal power of Gupta period weakened?, , , The fall of the Roman empire caused for the decline of trade during the Gupta period., , , , Towns lost their significance., , , , , The decline of trade attracted more people to the field of agriculture., Power was concentrated on the landlords., , , , Thus the royal power weakened., , , , Various kinds of discriminations existed in the society, , , , The kings encouraged Vaishnava and Shaiva sects and built many temples, , 35. What were the changes that occurred in the society during the Gupta period?, , , Varna system became rigid., , 36. During the Gupta period, significant developments occurred in the fields of literature and science. Make, a table showing the names of writers and their books, Writers, , •, , Kalidasa, , •, , Shudraka, , •, , Vishakhadatta, , •, , Varahamihira, , •, , Aryabhata, , •, , Amarasimha, , Books, , •, , Abhijnana Shakuntalam, , •, , Malavikagnimitram, , •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, •, , Vikramorvashiyam, , Areas, •, , Literature, , •, , Literature, , •, , Literature, , Laghujataka, , •, , Science, , Aryabhatiyam, , •, , Science, , Kumarasambhava, Mrichchhakatika, Mudrarakshasa, , Devichandraguptam, Panchasiddhantika, Brihajjataka, , Amarakosha, , •, , Lexicon, , 37. Name the powerful kingdoms that existed in India after the collapse of the Gupta empire, , , Vardhana Kings of Thaneswar (present Kurukshetra district of Haryana), , 38. Who was the most prominent ruler of Vardhana Kings of Thaneswar? Write his reforms, A+ BLOG- www.apluseducare.blogspot.com Whatsapp 9746544422, , Page 7