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Synthesis of Sentences: Simple Sentence, , By synthesis of sentences, we mean combination of two or, more than two sentences into one single sentence – simple,, compound or complex sentence., , You will learn today how to join two sentences into a simple, sentence. For example:, Today is Sunday. We are thinking of going on a picnic., , Today being Sunday, we are thinking of going on a picnic.

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Her husband died. She heard the news. She fainted., On hearing the news of her husband’s death she fainted., This, is, my, mother., This is my mother Susie., , Her, , name, , is, , Susie., , The cot was too small. He could not sleep on it., The cot being too small, he could not sleep on it.

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1. By turning a be-verb into ‘being’. The be-verbs are:, is/am/was/were. The following pair of sentences has a, common subject., a) Franz was late for school. He decided to bunk school., → Being late for school, Franz decided to bunk school., b) Bob is short-tempered. He has few friends in school., → Being short-tempered, Bob has few friends in school., c) I am allergic to sour things. I don’t eat even mangoes., → Being allergic to sour things, I don’t eat even mangoes.

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d) Girls are hard-working. They often beat boys in exams., → Being hard-working, girls often beat boys in exams., , e) The farmers were unable to repay the bank loans. They, decided to meet the Chief Minister., → Being unable to pay the bank loans, the farmers decided, to meet the Chief Minister., f) The crow was thirsty. It looked for water everywhere., → Being thirsty, the crow looked for water everywhere., , g) She is sick. She is going to stay at home the whole days., → Being sick, she is going to stay at home the whole days.

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2. By turning a be-verb into ‘being’. The following pair of, sentences has an uncommon subject., a) The phone was expensive. My father refused to buy it, for me., → The phone being expensive, my father refused to buy it, for me., b) This note is very long. I will get it photo-copied., → This note being very long, I will get it photo-copied., c) The coffee was bitter. I threw it away., → The coffee being bitter, I threw it away.

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d) It was a hot day. We decided to postpone the match., → It being a hot day, we decided to postpone the match., e) This sum is difficult. You will take a long time to solve it., → This sum being difficult, you will a long time to solve it., f) The horse was tired. The man rested it under a tree., → The horse being tired, the man rested it under a tree., g) My phone is outdated. I want to buy a new one., → My phone being outdated, I want to buy a new one.

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Exercise: Join the following pairs of sentences into a simple, sentence:, 1. Bobby watched TV. He ate his lunch., 2. Bobby was upset. Ronny tried to console him., 3. She was unwell. She did not attend the meeting., 4. The match was cancelled. The people returned home., 5. The bird was wounded. I took it home to nurse it., 6. The dictionary is heavy. I don’t like to carry it to school.

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3. By turning a Main Verb into an “ing-word”: (Common, subject), a) The little boy said goodbye to his mother. He rushed to, school., → Saying goodbye to his mother, the little boy rushed to, school., , b) The teacher caught Nikhil by the ear. He took him to the, Principal’s office., → Catching him by the ear, the teacher took Nikhil to the, Principal’s office., c) The man heard the news. He jumped with joy., → On hearing the news, the man jumped with joy.

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d) I switched on my computer. I started to play games., → Switching on my computer, I started to play games., e) The postman found the door locked. He left the, letter on the veranda., → Finding the door locked, the postman left the letter, on the veranda., f) The boy felt hungry. He wanted to eat sandwich., → Feeling hungry, the boy wanted to eat sandwich., g) The girl waved her hand. She said goodbye to me., → Waving her hand, the girl said goodbye to me.

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4. By using “having + verb 3” for one of the Main Verbs, (absolute phrase): (uncommon subject), a) The rain stopped. We resumed the match., → The rain having stopped, we resumed the match., ▪b) The bus broke down on the way. We decided to walk, on foot., → The bus having broken down on the way, we decided, to walk on foot., c) The cat ate up half of the fish. I threw it away for birds., → The cat having eaten up half of the fish, I threw it away, for birds.

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d) The son failed the Class X Board Exams thrice. The, father decided to buy an auto-rickshaw for him., → The son having failed the Class X Board Exams thrice,, the father decided to buy an auto-rickshaw for him., e) She paid the bill for me. I left a thank-you note for her., → She having paid the bill for me, I left a thank-you note, for her., f) I lost my father’s phone. He was mad at me., → I having lost my father’s phone, he was mad at me., g) The cat ate my lunch. I decided to kill it., → The cat having eaten my lunch, I decided to kill it.

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Exercise: Join the following pairs of sentences into a simple, sentence:, 1., →, 2., →, 3., →, 4., →, 5., →, 6., →, , Tom threw his bag on the table. He rushed out to play., Throwing his bag on the table, Tom rushed out to play., He lost his phone. bought a new one for him., Having lost his phone, his father bought a new one for him., I finished my homework. I went out to play., Finishing/Having finished my homework, I went out to play., Our car became old. My father sold it last month., Our car having become old, my father sold it last month., The police arrived at the scene. People dispersed., The police having arrived at the scene, people dispersed., Anu realized her mistake. She said sorry to her mother., Realizing her mistake, Anu said sorry to her mother.

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5. By using a Noun or Phrase in Apposition:, a) His name is Nikhil. He is my best friend., → He is my best friend, Nikhil., b) Bobby is the tallest boy in my class. He is the goalkeeper, of our team., → Bobby, the tallest boy in my class, is the goalkeeper of, our team., , c) New Delhi is the capital of India. It is one of the most, polluted cities in the world., → New Delhi, the capital of India, is one of the most, polluted cities in the world.

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6. By using a Preposition with a Noun or Gerund:, a) The function ended. The Chief Guest arrived., → The Chief Guest arrived after the function., , b) It was noon. The lazy boy woke up., → The lazy boy woke up at noon., c) The woman heard the news. She fainted., → On hearing the news, the woman fainted., d) The boy did not eat. He went to school., → Without eating, the boy went to school.

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e) The lady carried her purse in her hand. She went to, office., → With her purse in her hand, the lady went to office., f) She bought a new phone. She paid 12,000 rupees for it., → She bought a new phone for 12,000 rupees., g) You helped me. I would have failed., → I would have failed without your help., , h) He takes a walk every morning. His doctor advised him., → On his doctor’s advice, he takes a walk every morning.

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7. By using an Adverb or an Adverbial Phrase:, a) They deserved to win. They lost., → They lost undeservedly., , b) The sun set. The children had not finished the game., → The children had not finished the game by sunset., c) We will win this time. We are hopeful., → Hopefully, we will win this time.

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d) It was midnight. The meeting ended., → The meeting ended at midnight., , e) He deserved to succeeded. He failed., → He failed undeservedly., f) We left the theatre. The movie was not ended., → We left the theatre before the end of the movie., g) I finished my college. I started my own business., → After my college, I started my own business.

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8. By using an Infinitive (to + verb 1):, a) You have some dues. You have clear them., → You have some dues to clear., b) I have to learn it by heart. I have to recite it on Teachers’, Day., → I have to learn it by heart to recite on Teachers’ Day., c) The girl had to look after her sick mother. The teacher, sent her home., → The teacher sent the girl home to look after her sick, mother.

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d) Tommy is very lazy. He cannot play the game., → Tommy is too lazy to play the game., e) He is very fat. He cannot run., → He is too fat to run., f) You must look after your parents. It is your duty., → It is your duty to look after your parents`, g) He passed the entrance test. He was lucky., → He luckily passed the entrance test.

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Exercise: Join each pair of sentences into one simple, sentence:, 1. The little girl quickly said her prayer. She drank her, morning milk., 2. Coca Cola is popular everywhere. It is an American drink., 3. My shoes are tight. I cannot walk quickly., 4. The Minister waved his hand. He greeted his people., 5. Tom is tall. He can learn to play basketball well.

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6., 7., 8., 9., , The crowd became unruly. We called the police., It will rain tonight. It is certain., The thief saw the police. He began to sweat., Bob went to the West. He wanted to earn better, fortune., 10. Humpty Dumpty was a fat boy. He fell from the wall., 11. The boy raised his hand. He stood up to ask questions., 12. He said sorry to me. I forgave him., 13. He suggested me to but a Samsung phone. I bought it., ---------------------------