Page 1 : UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , 1. WORD CONVERSION, , S. No, , NOUN, , VERB, , 1., , Usage, , Use, , 2., , Beauty, , Beautify, , 3., , Life, , Live, , 4., , Creation, , Create, , Creative, , 5., , Destruction, , Destroy, , Destructive, , Destructively, , 6., , Clarity, , Clear, , Clearly, , 7., , Drama, , 8., , Reliance,, , Dramatize, , ADJECTIVE, , ADVERB, , Useful, , Usefully, , Beautiful, Living, , Dramatic, , Beautifully, Lively, Creatively, , Dramatically, , Rely, , Reliable, , Reliably, , Connective, , Connectively, , Reliability, , 9., , Connection, , Connect, , 10., , Violence, , Violate, , 11., , Suggestion, , Suggest, , 12., , Success, , Succeed, , 13., , Respect, , Respect, , Respectful, , Respectfully, , 14., , Remark, , Remark, , Remarkable, , Remarkably, , 15., , Attraction, , Attract, , Attractive, , Attractively, , 16., , Relative, , Relate, , 17., , Power, , Empower, , Powerful, , 18., , Possession, , Possess, , Possessive, , Possessively, , 19., , Product, , Produce, , Productive, , Productively, , 20., , Completion, , Complete, , Complete, , Completely, , 21., , Suspicion, , Suspect, , Suspicious, , Suspiciously, , 22., , Wonder, , Wonder, , Wonderful, , Wonderfully, , 23., , Nation, , 24., , Locality, , Locate, , 25., , Impression, , Impress, , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Nationalize, , Violent, Suggestive, Successful, , Relative, , National, Local, Impressive, , Violently, Suggestively, Successfully, , Relatively, Powerfully, , Nationally, Locally, Impressively, , Page 1

Page 2 : 2. COLLOCATION, , A List of 25 Collocations is given below., Noun with Verb, , Adjective with Noun, , bottle up your emotions, , heavy rain, , make a difference, , fast food, , have a headache, , hot news, , break a record, , tight schedule, , make a call, , heavy traffic, , listen to music, , balanced diet, , have an appointment, , high standard, , break the law, , opening hours, , do harm, , nice try, , make noise, , alphabetical order, , save money, , big deal, , lose your temper, , bright future, , go to bed, , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 2

Page 3 : 3. HOMOPHONES, Frequently Used Homophones:, 1.Allowed - Aloud, Students are not allowed to use mobile phones inside the class room. The pain, made him cry aloud., 2.Be - Bee, Be quiet!, A bee is buzzing around., 3.Bored - Board, When he got bored, he left. He is writing on the board., 4.Cite - Sight / Site, Abhinanthan was cited for bravery., My grandma’s sight is very good, The Committee has chosen a new site for the factory., 5.Coarse - Course, This material is very coarse., This diploma course is for three years., 6.Die - Dye, He died last year., It takes only 10 minutes to dye your hair., 7.Knight - Night, The knight was so brave. I met him at night., 8.Knew - New, I wonder if he knew of the plan., The hardest part of this job is understanding the new technology., 1.Lessen - Lesson, The doctor gave her an injection to lessen the pain. She has learnt her lessons, well., 2.Cell - sell, Change your cell phone. They sell them at low price., 3.Dear - deer, She is dear to me., The deer was beautiful., 4.Passed - Past, They passed the post office on their way to the store. Question papers of the, past exams are used for revision., UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 3

Page 4 : 13. Peace - Piece, I wish she would just leave me in peace. The glass was, broken into pieces., 14. Fair - fare She was fair., The bus fare was not reasonable., 15. Principal - Principle, The principal hoisted the national flag. It was the basic, fundamental principle., 16. Red - Read, We painted the door bright red., I was shocked when I read of his death., 17. Rode - Road, They rode in silence through the forest., The child ran down the road to see what was, happening., 18. Role – Roll, Internet plays an enormous role in connecting people., Tears rolled down from her cheeks., 19. Heal – heel, No doctor could heal that patient. I choose slippers, with heels., 20. Whole – hole, The whole project was completed., The hole in the boat frightened everyone., 13. Know – no, I know his name., I have no idea about that., 14. Stare – Stair, The girl continued to stare at her friend., The second stair creaks when you step on it., 15. Stationary —– Stationery, The car collided with the stationary vehicle. He went to, the stationery stores., 16. None – nun, None came for rescue. She became a nun., 17. Son –sun, My son wants to become an engineer. Who won’t like to, see the rising sun?, , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 4

Page 5 : 4. One Word Substitutes (Textual), , Textual One Word Substitutes:, 1., 2., 3., 4., , 5., 6., , in a hurried and disorganized manner FRANTICALLY, rest or sleep in the early afternoon - SIESTA, statements which are ordinary, uninteresting and, unimportant - BANALITIES, an argument between two or among more members, expressing different and opposing opinions on a, particular matter - DEBATE, not believing that something good will happen or, that something is important - CYNICAL, based on situations or ideas which are possible, and imagined rather than real and true –, HYPOTHETICAL, , 7., , the feeling of not being interested in or, enthusiastic about something, or things in general, - APATHY, , 8., , seeming evil or dangerous and making you think, something bad will happen -, , SINISTER, 9., 10., 11., , 12., 13., , 14., 15., 16., 17., 18., 19., 20., 21., UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, 22., , an African or Asian snake that takes a hood when, disturbed - COBRA, an area of grass near to a house cut regularly to, keep it short – LAWN, any plant that grows along the ground, around, another plant, or up a wall by means of extending, stems or branches - CREEPER, clothing, food or money that is given to poor, people - ALMS, to behave in an annoying manner towards, someone by doing or asking for something, repeatedly - PESTER, a channel or pipe carrying off surplus liquid,, especially rainwater or liquid waste - DRAIN, an unfortunate condition or event - MISFORTUNE, the state or quality of lasting for ever PERPETUITY, all future generations of people - POSTERITY, a sum of money paid regularly to a person to meet, needs or expenses - ALLOWANCE, the excessive amount of something - SURFEIT, effort to match or surpass a person or, achievement, typically by imitation - EMULATION, a rule for action or behaviour, especially obtained, from moral thought - PRECEPT, Page 5, the most favourable situation or level for growth,, reproduction, or success - OPTIMUM

Page 6 : 5. Idiomatic Expressions, for Life, Frequently Used Idioms and Phrases:, 1.The ball is in somebody’s court, Meaning: It is somebody’s responsibility to take the decision/action next, Examples:, a) I feel that he won’t be suitable for our company. Now, the ball is in your court., b) Though we have all decided to take up this project, the ball is in his court now., 2.Beat about the bush, Meaning: To talk about something for a long time without coming to the main point Examples:, b), c), , Tell me what you want. Why do you beat about the bush?, I have a lot of works to do. Get to the point and don’t beat about the bush., , 3.A blessing in disguise, Meaning: Something looking like a problem first but yielding good results at the end., b) Each failure is a blessing in disguise if we turn it a stepping stone for success., c) Initially he had only loss in his business but soon, with huge profits, it became a, blessing in disguise., 4.Cry over spilt milk, Meaning: To worry about what has happened about which nothing can be done, • Don’t worry about your failure in the exam. There is no use of crying over spilt, milk., 1. When the two year old son dropped the mobile into the water-tank, his mother, started crying over spilt milk., •Hit the nail on the head, Meaning: To say or do what is exactly right., a) Whatever he speaks, he always hit the nail on the head., 2. By saying, “Mobile phones are now the masters of men” she hit the nail on the, head., •Let the cat out of the bag, Meaning: To tell a secret or confidential information unknowingly or accidentally, a) We wanted our treat to be a surprise one but Ram let the cat out of the bag., 3. I told you not to talk about our plan. Why did you let the cat out of the bag?, •Miss the boat, Meaning: To lose a chance especially by responding to it slowly or late, a) He didn’t enroll his name for competition till the last date and finally he missed the, boat., 4. Apply for this job today itself, otherwise you will miss the boat., •Once in a blue moon, Meaning: happening rarely; not very often, 1. You can’t meet him here because he comes here once in a blue moon., 2. He goes to movies once in a blue moon., , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 6

Page 7 : 9. Pull someone’s leg, Meaning: To tell someone a false one just to tease or play a joke on them, a) Did you really believe what I said? I just pulled your leg., b) Soon he understood that his friends were just pulling his leg., 10. Not somebody’s cup of tea, Meaning: To say that something is not the interest of somebody, b) Everybody likes cricket. But it’s not my cup of tea., c) She never watched any TV serial since it was not her cup of tea., 11. Actions speak louder than words, Meaning: Doing is more important than just talking about that, b) Great achievers speak less because they know, actions speak louder than words., c) Do it first if you really believe that actions speak louder than words., 12. A laughing stock, Meaning: a person looking ridiculous because of what they have done, b) To wear this dress would surely make him a laughing stock., c) With little practice, I became a laughing stock on the stage., 13. At the eleventh hour, Meaning: at the last possible moment, • What can I do if you ask for money at the eleventh hour?, a) He always paid his electricity bill only at the eleventh hour., 11. With flying colours, Meaning: very well; with high marks/grade, a) Teacher wished him to pass with flying colours., b) I’m sure, you will play the match with flying colours., a) Window shopping, Meaning: the activity of merely looking at goods displayed rather than having an intention, to buy., • Let’s go to the mall and enjoy window shopping., a) The sale in the exhibition was not satisfactory since many people did window, shopping., b) To be in somebody’s good/ bad books, Meaning: to be with good/ bad opinions in others’ mind; to be pleased /annoyed by, somebody, •, a), , I was in my teacher’s good books soon after getting first mark in the class., Due to my poor sales, I was in the bad books of my manager., , 14. Achilles heel, Meaning: weakness of a person, • Stage fear is his Achilles heel., a) I don’t want to reveal my Achilles heel to anyone., b) A fish out of water, Meaning: a person feeling uncomfortable in a new and unusual situation, • He felt a fish out of water in his new school., a) After his transfer to Delhi, he was a fish out of water at his workplace., b) Play games with somebody, Meaning: To try to deceive somebody, , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 7

Page 8 : a), b), 20., a), b), , Tell me the fact. Don’t play games with me., The old man was angry because the vendor played games with him., in seventh heaven Meaning: extremely happy, After getting placement in TCS, he was in seventh heaven., The good news put her in seventh heaven., , 21. Move with the times, Meaning: To change yourself according to present situations/ changes in the, society, a) His business became a great failure because he didn’t move with the, times., b) Computer field has changed a lot always moving with the times., 22. Burn the midnight oil, Meaning: to study / work till late at night, b) Veena burnt the midnight oil on the eve of her semester exam., c) Great writers always burn the midnight oil., 23. at your finger tips, Meaning: To have the required things readily available to use it easily, b) She had all formulas at her finger tips., c) The lawyer kept all details at his finger tips., a) a million dollar question, Meaning: a question that is very important but very difficult to answer, b) Whether we can live without a mobile phone nowadays is a million dollar, question., c) It’s a million dollar question- “Will machines replace men?”, 20. Turn over a new leaf, Meaning: To change your way of life and turn into a better person, b) He turned over a new leaf by giving up smoking after his marriage., c) After reading the book of Gandhi, She turned over a new leaf., , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 8

Page 9 : 6. Frequently Used Phrasal Verbs, Phrasal Verbs:, 1., 2., , 1.Put up with - tolerate, endure, I can’t put up with his misbehavior anymore., They needed a great patience to put up with the inordinate delay of their, promotion., , 1., 2., , 2.Carry on -to continue doing something, Why did you stop? Now you can carry on your speech., After the phone call, she carried on her kitchen work., , 1., 2., , 3.Figure out -to understand or solve something; to calculate an amount, We couldn’t figure out the riddle till now., Have you figured out the total amount we need for the project?, , 1., 2., , 4.Go through - to look at or examine closely; to study in detail, Go through the passage for 5 minutes and then ask your doubts., If you go through these documents, you can find enough evidence., , 1., 2., , 5.Give up - to stop doing something; to stop having relationship with, somebody, To improve your health, you should first give up smoking., Why don’t you give him up?, , 1., 2., , 6.Go on -to continue; to happen, What is going on here?, Even after the bell, he went on describing the events., , 1., 2., , 7.Look after - to be in charge of something; to care for, something/somebody, In my absence, he will look after the company., Who looks after the fund positions here?, , 1., 2., , 8.Take care of- to be in charge of something; to care for, something/somebody, A mother knows well how to take care of her child., Who will take care of your aged parents?, , 1., 2., , 9.Call off - to cancel something, They called off the meeting., The trip was called off due to heavy rain., , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 9

Page 10 : 10., , Put on - towear, She put on her new dress and got ready for the function., Put on your specs first and then read the mail., , 11., , Get along with-to have a friendly relationship with somebody, He got along with all his colleagues., He was a rude person and nobody could get along with him., , 12., , Hold on -to tell somebody to wait or stop, She asked him to hold on a minute and talked to somebody over phone., Hold on! Tell me where you are coming from., , 13., , Break down-to cease to function; to collapse in distress, His bike suddenly broke down and he was looking for help., After hearing of her son’s death, she broke down in tears., , 14., , Get together-to collect people in one place socially, We have all planned to get together at Ratna Residency., They usually get together at the weekend., , •, , Log in/ log out -to enter /exit a restricted area on a computer, He forgot his username and password to login his email account., After sometime, I logged out Facebook., , 10., , Carry out-to complete a task/ assignment/order,etc., We are looking for a suitable person to carry out this project., He collected fund to carry out his research., , 11., , Get over-to recover from an illness, shock, or upsetting experience, She is just getting over from her fever now., They could not still get over from the loss in the last year., , 12., , Look forward to-to expect something, I’m looking forward to your favourable reply in this regard., We are looking forward to 20% rise in profit this year., , •, , 10., , Put off -to postpone, delay or cancel something, The wedding ceremony was put off till next year., They put the meeting off to a later date., Work out-to develop or end successfully, Do you think that this idea will work out?, He tried at his best to work out his plan., , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 10

Page 11 : 21., , Bring up-to look after a child till it becomes an adult, He was brought up in a village., A person’s character is determined by how he or she is brought up., , 22., , Check out-to leave a lodge after a stay, When will you check out from here?, They decided to check out in the evening., , 23., , Get rid of-to send away the annoying persons/ to throw away the unwanted, things, His friend suggested him to get rid of the old tape recorder first., You will come up in life if only you get rid of her., , 24., , Do away with - to kill somebody/ to destroy or dispose of something, If he comes out, his enemies will do away with him., These are worn out shoes. When will you do away with them?, , 25., , Pass away -to die, Abdul Kalam passed away in 2015., She inherited her father’s property when he passed away., , UNIT – 2 Vocabulary Enrichment, , Page 11