Page 2 : presented. Unit 5 focuses on a earthwork calculation for Road work., Appendix furnishes Schedule of Rates for few of the important items, discussed in the book with brief specifications so that one can get idea, of preparing bill of quantities with brief specifications for their project., Note that all prices used in the text are for illustrative purposes only;, actual prices of construction work vary considerably frum place to place, and from time to time and should be carefully considered before using, them in actual estimates., ESTIMATION AND COSTING, SYLLABUS, UNIT, COURSE CONTENTS, HOURS, Tam immensely grateful to MEI polytechnic Management for their, encouragement and support., express my sincere thanks to Sri C. Chandrashekar, Principal, M.E.I., Polytechnic for his encouragement and guidance., I would like to thank my Sri K.B. Narasimha Prasanna, Head of, the department and colleagues for their constant support. I also thank, the editorial team of Sapna Books house Pvt. Ltd. and for their sincere, and diligent help in shaping this book., Every effort has been made to produce an error-free text, however,, any suggestions, comments, and feedback for further improvement are, welcome. The users of my book may also feel free to write to me at,
[email protected]., INTRODUCTION TO ESTIMATION, 1. Introduction to estimating: different itens of works and, lypes of estimates., 2. Units of measurements and units of payment of different, O'L, items of work., 3. Deduction of Openings in difierent items of works and, Measarements as per BIS-2000., 4. Bill of Quantities (BOQ), Scheduled rates, Lead, Statements., SPECIFICATIONS, Earthwork in excavation for foundation, Cement concrete, in foundation, Brick masonry, R.C.C Work, Plastering in, Cement mortat, Pointing with cement mortar, Cement, concrete flooring, Granite / Vitrified / Marble flooring,, Centering and shuttering works, Distempering, Exterior, painting (Cement), Woodwork for windows and doors,, Painting woodwork and steel, Glazing works for building., Application of specifications in BOQ., 05, Bangalore, July 2017, H. S. Vishwanath, E-mail: hs
[email protected], ANALYSIS OF RATES, Analysis vi sales for the following items of works., Earthwork excavation and filling, Cemment concrete bed in, foundation, Brick masonry in C.M for superstructure, Hollow, concrete / solid concrete blocks masonry in CM, Plastering, with cement mortar, Pointing with cement mortar, Painting, the old and new wood work & Steel work, CC Flooring., Granite / Vitrified // Marble fldoring, Panelled and glazed, doors and windows, R.C.C roofing slab, Distempering,, Corrugated galvanized iron sheet rooâing., 08, te IR, 1100 L4E
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B- M, UNIT, COURSE CONTENTS, HOURS, DETAILED AND, BUILDINGS USING LONG WALL SHORT WALL, МЕТНOD, ABSTRACT ESTIMATE OF, CONTENTS, Prepare the detailed and abstract estimate of,, 1. One room building. Ground floor with flat RCC roof, 2. Two room building- Ground floor with flat RCC roof, 3. 1BHK Residential building Ground floor with flat, RCC roof and Pitched roof with load bearing wal., 4. 2BHK Residential building Ground floor with flat, RCC roof for framed structures., 13, 4.0, CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO ESTIMATION, 1-17, CHAPTER 2: SPECIFICATIONS, 18 - 44, 5. Building with semi circular/ Hexagonal room walls -, Ground floor with flat RCC :oof., 6. School building - Ground floor with flat RCC roof., CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS OF RATES, 45 - 87, DETAILED AND ABSTRACT ESTIMATE OF, BUILDINGS USING CENTRE LINE METHOD, CHAPTER 4: DETAILED AND ABSTRACT ESTIMATE, OF BUILDINGS, Prepare the detailed and abstract estimate of,, 1. One room building- Ground floor with flat RCC roof, 2. Two roum building- Ground floor with flat RCC roof, 3. 1BHK Residentia! building Ground floor with flat, RCC roof and Pitched roof with load bearing wall., 4. 2BHK Residential building - Ground floor with flat, RCC mof for framed structures., 88 -291, 5.0, 13, CHAPTER 5: ESTIMATION OF ROAD WORKS, 292 - 320, 5. Building with semi circular/ Hexagonal room walls-, Ground floor with flat RCC roof., APPENDIX, 321 - 326, School building-Ground fioor with flat RCC roof., ESTIMATION OF ROAD WORKS, MODEL QUESTION PAPER, 327 - 329, Detailed Estimates and Abstract of Cost of Road work, 1. Compute earth work quantities from given cross, sectional detalls., 6.0, 08, PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPERS, 330 - 335, 2. Preparation of Detailed Estimates and Abstract of Cost, of Bituminous & concrete Roads
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UNIT-1, INTRODUCTION TO ESTIMATION, ESTIMATE, An estimate is the anticipated or probable cost of a work and is usually prepared, before the construction is taken up., To prepare an estimate following details required:, a. Drawings consisting of the plan, the elevation & the sections through important, points., b. Detailed specification givirg specific description of all workmanship, properties, and proportion of materials., Procedure followed for estimation:, a. Correct dimensions are taken from drawings., b. The quantitics of various items calculated by simplemeasurements., c. These quantities are used to find the cost., PURPOSE OF ESTIMATE, i. Probable cost to be made ready for taking a project., ii. To obtain Administrative Approval in case of public construction., iii. To ascertain the quantities of materials E.g. Cement, Steel, Aggregates, etc., in the quantity of labour., v. To ascertain the quantity of Tools, Plants & Equipments., iv. To ascer, vi. To fix up a construction schedule., vii. To justify the benefit cost ratio., vili. To invite tenders and prepare bills for payments., DIFFERENT TYPES OF ESTIMATES, 1. Preliminary estimate or Approximate or Abstract estimate or Rough cost estimate., 2. Flinth area estimate., 3. Cube rate estimate or cubical content estimate., te t n, PYTE LA a
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2, Estimtating and Costing, Introguction to Estimation, 4. Approximate quantity method estimate., 5. Detailed astimate or item rate estimate., Detailed estimate or Item rate estimate, Detailed estimate is an accurate estimate and consists of working out the quantities, of each item of works and working the cost. The detailed estimate is prepared in two, stages:, i) Details of measurements and calculation of quantities- The details of, measurements of each item of work are taken out correctly from plan and drawings, and quantities under each item of work are computed in a tabular form., 6. Revised estimate., 7. Supplementary estimate., 8. Supplementary and revised estimate., 9. Annual repair and maintenance cstimate., Preliminary estimate or Approximate or Abstract estimate or Rough cost, estimate, Details of measurement Form, This is an approximate estimate made to find out an approximate cost in a short, fime and thus enable the responsible authority concerned to consider the financial, aspects of the scheme, for according sanction to the same. The approximate estimate is, prepared from the practical knowledge and cost of the similar works., The preliminary estimate may be prepared by various ways such as:, i. Per unit basis., ii. Plinth area basis., i. Cubic content basis., iv. Approximate quantity method., Item No. Particulars No Length Breadth Depth Quantity, ii) Abstract of estimated cost : The cost of each item of work is calculated in tabular, form from the quantities already computed and total cost is worked out in Abstract, of estimate Form. The rates of different items of work are taken from schedule of, rates or from rate analysis., Abstract of estimate Form, Plinth area estimate, Item no Particulars Quantity Unit Rate Per | Amount, Plinth areas should be calculated by taking the exterral dimensions of the building, at the plinth. Courtyard and other open areas should not be included in the plinth, areas. This areas also can find out by walls area of the building plus floor area of the, room, A percertage of 3 to 5% is added for contingencies, to allow for unforeseen, expenditures, etc. and 1 to 2% added to meet the expenditure of work-charged, establishment. The grand total thus obtained is the estimated cost of work., The detailed estimate is accompanied with: (a) report (b) specification (c) detailed, drawings showing plans, different sections, key or index plan, etc., (d) design data and, calculations (e) basis of rates adopt in the estimate., Such a detailed estimate is prepared for technical sanction, administrative approval, and also for execution of a contract with the contractor., PEnth area estimate is calculated by finding the plinth area of the buiding and, multiplying by the plinth area rate., Cube rate estimate, Cube rate estimate is a preliminary estimate and is prepared on the basis of the, cubical contents of the building. The cube rate being determined from the cost of the, similar building having similar-specifications and construction, in the locality., This is calculated by finding the cubical contents of the building (length x breadth, x height) and multiplying it by the cube rate., Revised estimate, Approximate quantity method estimate, In this method approximate tolal length of walls is found in running metre and, total length multiplied by the rate per running metre of wall gives fairly accurate cost., For this method the plan or line plan of the structure should be available., Revised esiimale is to be prepared under any one of the following circumslances:, a. When the uriginal sanctioned estimate is exceeds or likely to exceed by more than, 5%., b. When the expenditure on a work exceeds or likely to exceed the amount of, administrative sanction by more than 10%.
